AN ANALYSIS OF AIBILEEN CLARK’S SOCIAL CONFLICT IN “THE HELP” FILM BY TATE TAYLOR

AN ANALYSIS OF AIBILEEN CLARK’S SOCIAL CONFLICT IN “THE HELP” FILM BY TATE TAYLOR

THESIS

By : Hamid Rahman 20131100312207

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

AN ANALYSIS OF AIBILEEN CLARK SOCIAL CONFLICT IN “THE HELP” FILM BY TATE TAYLOR

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

By : Hamid Rahman 20131100312207

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

"Love is Super power ".

This thesis dedicated to:

His beloved Father and Mother (Bpk. Hamim & Ibu Chosiyah ) His lovely sister & brother

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillah, all praises are directed to Allah SWT, who gives His help, guidance and merciful in the writer’s life, then finally the writer could finish this thesis.

Furthermore, the writer would like to express deepest thank to Dra. Erly Wahyuni,M.Si and Rosalina Gusdian, S.S, M.A for their advice, correction, motivation and ideas in observing and correcting writer’s thesis until finished. The gratitude is also delivered to all lectures of English Department in the University of Muhammadiyah Malang for knowledge they have given.

Indeed, the writer would like to thank to his beloved Father (Bapak H.Hamim ), Mother (Ibu Hj.Chosiyah), Sister (Robiatul Adawiyah , Nur Hidayatul Ilmiyah ) and brother (Zainul Alim, Kholisun ) who always give support and prayers so that this thesis could be completed.

To writer’s friends at English Department, especially; Samsudin, kowim and all beloved friends. The writer would like to thank for togetherness and kindness, help, and support. Then, thank for for their support and kindness.

Malang, 28 June ,2016 The Writer,

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iii

ORIGINALITY DECLARATION ... iv

ABSTRACT ... v

ACKNOWLEDMENTS ... vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem ... 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 3

1.4 Significant of the Study ... 3

1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 3

1.6 Definition of Key Term ... 3

CHAPTER II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Literature. ... 5

2.2 Film ... 5

2.3 Types of Film ... 6

2.4 The Elements of Film ... 9

2.4.1 Character and Characterization ... 9

2.4.1 Soliloquy, monologue, and Dialogue ... 11

2.4.2.1 Soliloquy ... 11

2.4.2.2 Monologue ... 11

2.4.2.3 Dialogue ... 11

2.4.3 Plot ... 11

2.4.4 Setting ... 12

2.4.6 Conflict ... 13

2.4.6.1 Types of Conflict ... 14

2.5 Social Conflict ... 14

2.5.1 Cause of Social Conflict ... 15

2.5.2 Effect of Conflict ... 17

2.5.2.1. Positive effect ... 17

2.5.2.2 Negative effects ... 18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ... 20

3.2 Approach ... 20

3.3 Object of Study ... 22

3.4 Data Collection ... 23

3.5 Data Analysis ... 23

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 Findings ... 25

4.1.1 Social Conflict ... 25

4.1.2 The confrontation between Aibileen Clark and Hilly Holbrook .... 25

4.1.3 The confrontation between Aibileen Clark and Eugenia Skeeter .. 27

4.1.2 The Cause of Social Conflict ... 29

4.2.1 The differences in Status between Aibileen Clark and Eugenia Skeeter….. ... 30

4.2.2 Communication breakdown between Aibileen Clark And Eugenia Skeeter ... 31

4.2.3 Jurisdictional Ambiguities with Abileen Clark and Black Maid Community ... 32

4.2.4 Goal difference between Aibileen Clark and Eugenia Skeeter ... 33

4.2.5 Goal difference between Aibileen Clark and Hilly Holbrook ... 34

4.1.3 The Effect of Conflict……… 35

4.3.1 Indenfication problem between Aibileen Clark and Hilly Holbrook………... 35

4.3.3 Increase of hostility and Resentment between Hilly and Eugenia Skeeter. 38 4.3. 4 Increase of hostility and Resentment between Hilly and Aibileen Clark. 39

4.2 Discussing……… 41 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusions ... 42 5.2 Suggestions ... 42 REFERENCES

REFERENCES

Arp, R, Thomas, Jhonson, Gregb. 2006. Perrine’s Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. Canada: Michael Rosenberg

Ary, Donald. Et.al. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. Sixth Edition. New York: Wadsworth Thomson Learning

Bogard, Crocket, Schmidt. 2006

. Legacies: Fict ion, Poetr y, Dr ama, Nonfict ion. Third Edition. USA: Thomas Wadsworth

Bogdan, Robert C. and Sari Knopp Biklen. 2007. Qualitative Research for Education. Fifth edition. USA: Syracuse University.

Centre for Good Governance 2006. Handbook On Conflict Management Skill. India : MCR HRD Institut of A.P.Campus

Engels, Mark 1848 Manifest o Of The Communis Par t y. Vol.One Edition Progress Publisher, Moscow.

Henslin, M. James 2007 Sosiologi Dengan Pendekat an Membumi , Edisi Keenam. Penerbit Erlangga. 2

Hidayati, Arina. 2012. An Analysis Of Ber tie’s Stammer In David Seidler ’s Film The King’s

Speech. Unpublished. Thesis. Malang: Muhammadiyah University of Malang.

Kennedy, XJ. 1983. An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama. Third Edition. New York: Little, Brown and Company

Koesnosubroto. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Depdikbud

Macmillan. 1984. Appr eciat ing Lit er at ur e. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

_________, 1984. English and West er n Lit er at ur e. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, a Division of Macmillan, Inc.

Meyer, Michael. 1990. The Bedfor d Int r oduct ion t o Lit er at ur e. Boston: Bedford Book of St. Martin Press.

Putri, Ika Wahyu. 2013. Entitled An Analysis of Mar k Zucker ber g’s Social Conflict in “Social

Netw or k” Film. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: Muhammadiyah University of Malang.

Scorsese, Martin. 2002 Mar t in Scor sese on film Pr eser vat ion. In Carey (Ed), The American Film Institute Desk Reference (Page 394).New York : Dorling Kindersley.

Sumardjo, Jacob & K.M Saini. 1977. Apr esiasi Kesusastr aan. Jakarta : Gramedia Pustaka Utama Triwahyuningsih, Eva 2012. An Analysi s On Edw ar d Cullen’s Sacr ifice In New Moon Novel

Wr itten By Stephenie Meyer Unpublished. Thesis. Malang: Muhammadiyah University

of Malang.

http://www.ehow.com/ Positive effect and negative effect. accessed on 25-12-2014 http:// http://www.filmsite.org/genres.html. accessed on 26-12-2014

http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/NOTE11.HTM. accessed on 06-04-2015 http://wf4ever.github.com/ro/ research html. accessed on 07-04-2015

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer of this thesis presents an introduction. It covers the explanation about background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of the key term.

1.1Background of The Study

Literature is a medium to express feelings, ideas, behavior and attitude which humans understand the world of creativity in social life that makes up good movie artwork, prose, poetry, and novels. Literature in the work of art is the concrete evidence of the human experience of reality life. Kennedy (1983) says that literature is kind of art, usually written, that offers pleasure and illumination. So, literature is a life expression of human beings in the form of experience, idea, feeling, and thought in concrete description by using language as a medium. Sri Hartiningsi (2001) added that literature is an experience of humans that is essentially true and described in words.

Drama is one of the literary works presented by the actors and watched by audiences. Film is important form of art because it is a source of entertainment and literature learning. Film is a motion picture which requires dialogues. It has abilities to change the setting quickly and sound effect dramatically, so the viewers will feel satisfaction without setting in front of the stage Schmidt,

Bogarad, and Crocket ( 2006 : 1418). On other word Martin Scorsese (2002: 394) stated that films are part of artistic heritage which is made at a certain time and involving the way of thinking and speaking, behavior and the lifestyle of the people.

Ika Wahyu Putri in her thesis had analyzed social conflict. She had found four interpersonal conflicts. The first is Mark resented his girlfriend, Erica, because she had made relationship with another man. Erica could not accept Mark’s anger. The second is Mark had fought with his friend , Harvard. It is because Harvard had stolen Mark’s belonging and his action was caught on camera. The third is Erica and her mother, Monica. Erica pushed her mother until Monica fell on the floor. Monica then condemned her action. The last is Mark attacked a group of gay men because they had teased him. They had touched Marks’ body without permission. Mark of course took a wood and hit it on them.

In this thesis the writer is interested in analyzing the social conflict faced by the main character in” The Help”. It is because the film is about social conflict that happens in a house. Aibileen was chosen as the main character because he becomes the centre of social conflict inside the film. This conflict is triggered by the matter of black maid happened in the house of white skin people. Nevertheless, he was not only having conflict with white skin people but also with Skateer who become journalist.

It happened in 1960 during a civil right-era America, an interesting thing that needs to be analyzed here is what is done by Aibileen Clark in her struggle to

awaken courage, intelligence, and strength to be group which has same right with white skin people.

Furthermore, “The Help” directed by Tate Taylor is interesting because this film tells about a young white woman, Eugenia "Skeeter" Phelan, and her relationship with two black maids, Aibileen Clark and Minny Jackson during the Civil Rights era in America (the early 1960s). Skeeter is a journalist who decide to write a book from the point of view of the maids (referred to as "the help"), exposing the bullying they faced as they work for white families. That is the reason why the thesis writer took a point of analysis entitled “An Analysis Aibileen Clark Social Conflict in “The Help” film by Tate Tylor”. It is hoped that it can increase the reader’s spirit in developing their knowledge on black maid.

1.2Statement of the Problem

The discussion will be focused on three problems as follow:

1. What are the social conflicts faced by Aibileen Clark in the film “The Help “?

2. What are the causes of Aibileen Clark’s social conflict in film “The Help”?

3. What are the effects of Aibileen Clark’s social conflict on his life in the film “The Help”?

1.3Purpose of the Study

The thesis writer states the purposes of the study in order to achieve good results, namely:

1. To describe social conflicts faced by Aibileen Clark as the main character A “The Help” film.

2. To describe the cause of social conflict face by Aibileen Clark in “The Help “film.

3. To explain the effect of social conflict toward on her life.

1.4Significance of the Study

The result of the study is expected to be able to encourage the readers to study literature. Secondly, the result of the study is expected to provide the reference for the students who are interested in literature, in this case is film. The result of the study is also expected to give a description or some information to the readers about the film entitles “The Help” written by Tate Taylor.

1.5Scope and Limitation of the Study

For the scope of this study, the writer focused on “The Help “film and for limitation of study, the writer tries to analyze one of the characters that is the main character, Aibileen Clark.

1.6Definition of Key Terms

In order to avoid misunderstanding and interpreting the terms that is used in title, the writer would like to describe the definition related to the literature terms before entering this discussion further.

1. Analysis is a definition of it is element which has the comprehend relationship one element and the other in supporting the meaning of literature (Sudjiman, 1984: 6).

2. Aibileen Clark is the main character of film that is analyzed.

3. Social Conflict is the confrontation between one person and another. Rj Rummel (2007).

http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/NOTE11.HTM. accessed on 06-04-2015 http://wf4ever.github.com/ro/ research html. accessed on 07-04-2015

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer of this thesis presents an introduction. It covers the explanation about background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and definition of the key term.

1.1Background of The Study

Literature is a medium to express feelings, ideas, behavior and attitude which humans understand the world of creativity in social life that makes up good movie artwork, prose, poetry, and novels. Literature in the work of art is the concrete evidence of the human experience of reality life. Kennedy (1983) says that literature is kind of art, usually written, that offers pleasure and illumination. So, literature is a life expression of human beings in the form of experience, idea, feeling, and thought in concrete description by using language as a medium. Sri Hartiningsi (2001) added that literature is an experience of humans that is essentially true and described in words.

Drama is one of the literary works presented by the actors and watched by audiences. Film is important form of art because it is a source of entertainment and literature learning. Film is a motion picture which requires dialogues. It has abilities to change the setting quickly and sound effect dramatically, so the

Bogarad, and Crocket ( 2006 : 1418). On other word Martin Scorsese (2002: 394) stated that films are part of artistic heritage which is made at a certain time and involving the way of thinking and speaking, behavior and the lifestyle of the people.

Ika Wahyu Putri in her thesis had analyzed social conflict. She had found four interpersonal conflicts. The first is Mark resented his girlfriend, Erica, because she had made relationship with another man. Erica could not accept Mark’s anger. The second is Mark had fought with his friend , Harvard. It is because Harvard had stolen Mark’s belonging and his action was caught on camera. The third is Erica and her mother, Monica. Erica pushed her mother until Monica fell on the floor. Monica then condemned her action. The last is Mark attacked a group of gay men because they had teased him. They had touched Marks’ body without permission. Mark of course took a wood and hit it on them.

In this thesis the writer is interested in analyzing the social conflict faced by the main character in” The Help”. It is because the film is about social conflict that happens in a house. Aibileen was chosen as the main character because he becomes the centre of social conflict inside the film. This conflict is triggered by the matter of black maid happened in the house of white skin people. Nevertheless, he was not only having conflict with white skin people but also with Skateer who become journalist.

It happened in 1960 during a civil right-era America, an interesting thing that needs to be analyzed here is what is done by Aibileen Clark in her struggle to

awaken courage, intelligence, and strength to be group which has same right with white skin people.

Furthermore, “The Help” directed by Tate Taylor is interesting because this film tells about a young white woman, Eugenia "Skeeter" Phelan, and her relationship with two black maids, Aibileen Clark and Minny Jackson during the Civil Rights era in America (the early 1960s). Skeeter is a journalist who decide to write a book from the point of view of the maids (referred to as "the help"), exposing the bullying they faced as they work for white families. That is the reason why the thesis writer took a point of analysis entitled “An Analysis Aibileen Clark Social Conflict in “The Help” film by Tate Tylor”. It is hoped that it can increase the reader’s spirit in developing their knowledge on black maid.

1.2Statement of the Problem

The discussion will be focused on three problems as follow:

1. What are the social conflicts faced by Aibileen Clark in the film “The Help “?

2. What are the causes of Aibileen Clark’s social conflict in film “The Help”?

3. What are the effects of Aibileen Clark’s social conflict on his life in the film “The Help”?

1.3Purpose of the Study

The thesis writer states the purposes of the study in order to achieve good results, namely:

1. To describe social conflicts faced by Aibileen Clark as the main character A “The Help” film.

2. To describe the cause of social conflict face by Aibileen Clark in “The Help “film.

3. To explain the effect of social conflict toward on her life.

1.4Significance of the Study

The result of the study is expected to be able to encourage the readers to study literature. Secondly, the result of the study is expected to provide the reference for the students who are interested in literature, in this case is film. The result of the study is also expected to give a description or some information to the readers about the film entitles “The Help” written by Tate Taylor.

1.5Scope and Limitation of the Study

For the scope of this study, the writer focused on “The Help “film and for limitation of study, the writer tries to analyze one of the characters that is the main character, Aibileen Clark.

1.6Definition of Key Terms

In order to avoid misunderstanding and interpreting the terms that is used in title, the writer would like to describe the definition related to the literature terms before entering this discussion further.

1. Analysis is a definition of it is element which has the comprehend relationship one element and the other in supporting the meaning of literature (Sudjiman, 1984: 6).

2. Aibileen Clark is the main character of film that is analyzed.

3. Social Conflict is the confrontation between one person and another. Rj Rummel (2007).