digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
1.6 Definition of Key terms
1.6.1 Politeness : Strategies that are used to avoid or minimize the
FTA that a speaker means Brown and Levinson, 1987,
p. 91
1.6.2 Face : public self-image that every member ofsociety
wants to claim for itself. 1.6.3 FTA Face Threatening Act
: An act that threatens the positive or negative Face of the hearer Brown and
Levinson, 1987, p. 66. :
1.6.4 Positive politeness : Techniques to imply common ground or sharing of
wants for the purpose of the interaction. It indicates that the speaker wants to gain closer relationship
with the hearer.Brown and Levinson, 1987: p. 103.
1.6.5 Negative politeness : Techniques to statisfy the hearer’s negative face,
in which his behaviour is expected to respect.
Brown and Levinson, 1987: p. 129.
digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED THEORY
2.1 Theoretical Framework
This chapter covers definitions and theories related to the kinds of object that the writers will describe. The supporting theories will help to solve the research
problems.
2.1.1 Pragmatics
Pragmatics is the study of context-dependent aspect of meaning which are systematically abstracted away from in the construction of content or logical form.
It means that pragmatics is the study about meaning of meaning. It differs from semantic. Semantic is the study about meaning of meaning through
sentencesclauses, called written text. While, pragmatic is the study about meaning of meaning through utterancesconversations, called spoken text.
Meanwhile, Yule 1996:3 states that pragmatics is the study of contextual meaning. According to him, pragmatics is concerned with the study of meaning as
communicated by a speaker or a writer and interpreted by a listener or a reader so that it involves the interpretation what people mean in the particular context and
how the context influences what is said. Similarly Leech 1983 gives a definition that pragmatics can be usefully defined as the study of how utterances have
