Introduction
1.1 Background
Irrigation is a very important process when it involves agricultural activities. Irrigation
system is an essential important element for plant growth. It is also one of the major impacts
in the cultivation of crops because it will affect the growth of crops. Irrigation in agriculture term is defined as an artificial application of watering of the arable land or soil.
Water is most important to our life and we cannot survive without it. Water also is essential ingredient of plant. Most of gardener usually uses manual technique to watering
their plant. This technique system is inefficient. Sometime, the possibility to over watering is high when use this technique.
In order to overcome this problem, Automatic plant irrigator is used. Automatic plant irrigator or better known as an automatic plant watering system is a system that is introduced
not only provide a programmable watering system but also a continuous monitoring system. The main goal of this project is to design an automatic plant irrigator where the system is
equipped with a reliable soil water level or moisture sensor. This system is applicable for small or medium agricultural-industry. This system will be divided into three main units
which are sensing element, control element and final control element. Sensor such as soil moisture detector are use to control the watering system
1.2 Problem statement
Gardening is an activity which is very suitable for all age. A good irrigation system is very important element and most labor intensive task in the daily operation. The two
important aspect of irrigation is knowing when and how much to water. Even so, a proper or scheduled watering may not always be performed due to one’s tight working hours or fitness.
Furthermore, the plant water consumption is not fixed. It depends on some factors which may affect the plant growth.
Nowadays, automatic plant irrigator system is commonly applied in agriculture such as domestic gardening. In this industry, automatic plant irrigator system usually used to supply
water to maintain soil moisture so plants can grow well. Unfortunately, there are still gardeners or farmers who maintained use manually
watering technique because not all of them afford to buy the system. Over-watering possibility would occur if this manual process is still practiced. It will caused the plants drown if supply
too much water for them. Sometime this manual technique also make the process water late reaches or does not reach the roots of plants and this will cause the plant get dried. Lack of
water can be harmful to the plant or even can render it withered. The effect of this lack of water can also slow down the process of plant growth and will also affect the light weight of
the plants. In the conventional system, farmers also need monitor the irrigation timetable, as each plant has a different time in terms of watering time.
Furthermore, not all gardeners are familiar with the system specifications. Not all farmers or gardeners have the skill or knowledge in the operation of the system. This will
make it difficult for them to operate the system properly. Most of the farmers also don’t have any experience to deal with those in the irrigation system to get better ways to manage their
crops easily. In this fast-paced world, people need everything to be automatic. Current lifestyle
demands everything becomes easy to control. In this advance electronic world, human life
should be simpler. Therefore, to make life easier and more convenient, we have to make “automatic plant”.
An automatic plant irrigation monitoring system is the good solution to overcome this problem. This irrigation system is not only provides a good hydration system for plant but
also provides the controller that allows the user to set their irrigation system operation. Users also can set the level of moisture that is allowed according to the specification in the soil so
their crops will always have a maintained moisture level. With an availability of a simple user-friendly monitoring display, this system provides
a display that can be easily understood by anyone who uses it. In additional, this type of technology is very helpful in terms of better productivity and reducing the burden on farmers
and gardeners.
1.3 Project objective
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