kd Tasik 1004143 Table of Content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
PERNYATAAN ................................................................................................
i
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ........................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................
v
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................
x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xi
BAB I
BAB II
PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ...........................................................
1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ..................................................
5
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian .....................................................
6
D. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................
6
E. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................
7
F. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .........................................................
8
KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN,
DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN .................................................. 10
A. Kajian Pustaka ............................................................................ 10
1. Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Sekolah Dasar .................... 10
2. Pembelajaran Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris
di Sekolah Dasar .................................................................... 13
3. Kemampuan Membaca .......................................................... 14
4. Membaca Pemahaman ........................................................... 17
5. Teks Deskriptif Bahasa Inggris ............................................. 19
6. Strategi Membaca Pemahaman .............................................. 20
7. Hasil Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................... 24
v
Halaman
B. Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................... 25
C. Hipotesis Penelitian .................................................................... 26
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................ 27
A. Lokasi, Populasi, dan Sampel Penelitian .................................... 27
1. Lokasi Penelitian ................................................................... 27
2. Populasi Penelitian ................................................................. 27
3. Sampel Penelitian .................................................................. 27
B. Desain Penelitian ........................................................................ 28
C. Metode Penelitian ....................................................................... 29
D. Prosedur Penelitian ..................................................................... 29
1. Tahap Peerencanaan .............................................................. 29
2. Tahap Pelaksanaan ................................................................. 30
3. Tahap Analisis Data dan Penulisan Laporan ......................... 30
E. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional Variabel ............................... 31
F. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................... 32
G. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen Penelitian .............................. 33
1. Uji Validitas Instrumen .......................................................... 34
2. Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ...................................................... 37
3. Daya Beda .............................................................................. 39
4. Taraf Kesukaran ..................................................................... 41
H. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ......................................................... 43
1. Tes Tulis Membaca Pemahaman ........................................... 45
2. Lembar Observasi Pelaksanaan Strategi PQ4R ..................... 45
I.
Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................. 45
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. 53
A. Hasil Penelitian ........................................................................... 53
1. Data Hasil Perencanaan Penelitian ........................................ 53
2. Data Hasil Pelaksanaan Penelitian ......................................... 56
vi
Halaman
3. Analisis Data Hasil Penelitian ............................................... 66
B. Pembahasan ................................................................................ 86
1. Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris
Siswa Sebelum Menggunakan strategi PQ4R ....................... 86
2. Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris
Siswa Setelah Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ......................... 87
3. Efektivitas Penerapan Strategi PQ4R Terhadap Kemampuan
Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris ......................... 88
BAB V
SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Simpulan ..................................................................................... 93
B. Saran ........................................................................................... 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 95
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .............................................................................. 98
RIWAYAT HIDUP .......................................................................................... 180
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Program Pembelajaran Membaca Bahasa Inggris Kelas V Semester
Dua ................................................................................................... 12
Tabel3.1. Jadwal Penelitian Strategi PQ4R...................................................... 30
Tabel 3.2. Kisi-Kisi Soal Tes Objektif .............................................................. 32
Tabel 3.3. Kisi-Kisi Lembar Observasi Pelaksanaan Strategi PQ4R ................ 33
Tabel 3.4. Pedoman Interpretasi Koefisien Korelasi ......................................... 35
Tabel 3.5. Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen dan Analisis Korelasi Sederhana...... 36
Tabel 3.6. Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Metode Cronbach`s Alpha ............................ 38
Tabel 3.7. Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Setiap Item ..................................................... 38
Tabel 3.8. Kriteria Daya Beda ........................................................................... 40
Tabel 3.9. Daya Beda Setiap Item Soal ............................................................. 40
Tabel 3.10. Kriteria Taraf Kesukaran .................................................................. 42
Tabel 3.11. Taraf Kesukaran Setiap Item Soal .................................................... 42
Tabel 3.12. Jenis Data, Teknik Pengumpulan, Instrumen dan Sumber Data ..... 44
Tabel 3.13. Interval Kategori .............................................................................. 47
Tabel3.14. Klasifikasi Normal Gain .................................................................. 48
Tabel 4.1. Data Skor Pre Test ........................................................................... 57
Tabel 4.2. Data Skor Post Test .......................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.3. Data Statistik SkorPre Test .............................................................. 66
Tabel 4.4. Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test .................................................. 67
Tabel 4.5. Interval Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman .................... 70
Tabel 4.6. Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa Sebelum
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ........................................................... 70
Tabel 4.7. Data Statistik Skor Post Test ............................................................ 71
Tabel 4.8. Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test .................................................. 72
Tabel 4.9. Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Setelah
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ........................................................... 73
Tabel 4.10. Hasil Uji Normal Gain .................................................................... 75
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Halaman
Tabel 4.11. Rekapitulasi Penghitungan Data Pre Test, Post Test, Normal Gain
dan Interval Kategori ........................................................................ 77
Tabel 4.12. Rekapitulasi Persentase Kategori Kemampuan Membaca
Pemahaman ...................................................................................... 79
Tabel 4.13. Hasil Uji Normalitas One Samples Kolmogorov-Smirnov .............. 81
Tabel 4.14. Hasil Uji Homogenitas Data Pre Test dan Post Test ....................... 83
Tabel 4.15. Hasil Uji Komparasi Paired Samples T-Test ................................... 84
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1
Alur Kerangka Berpikir .............................................................. 26
Gambar 3.1. Desain Penelitian One Group Pre Test-Post Test Design ........... 28
Gambar 4.1. Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test.............................................. 68
Gambar 4.2. Grafik Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Sebelum
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ...................................................... 71
Gambar 4.3. Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test .................................. 73
Gambar 4.4. Grafik Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Setelah
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ...................................................... 74
Gambar 4.5. Grafik Rekapitulasi Persentase Kategori Kemampuan Membaca
Pemahaman.................................................................................. 79
Gambar 4.6. Kurva Uji Normalitas Data Skor Pre Test ................................... 81
Gambar 4.7. Kurva Uji Normalitas Data Skor Post Test ................................. 82
Gambar 4.8. Kurva Uji Komparasi Data Skor Pre Test dan Post Test ............ 85
x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
Lampiran 1
Surat Keputusan Direktur UPI Kampus Tasikmalaya ................. 98
Lampiran 2
Surat Permohonan Ijin Penilitian untuk Kantor Kesbang dan
Politik ......................................................................................... 99
Lampiran 3
Surat Permohonan Ijin Penilitian untuk Dinas Pendidikan ........ 100
Lampiran 4
Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Kantor Kesbang dan Politik ............... 101
Lampiran 5
Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Dinas Pendidikan Kota Tasikmalaya . 102
Lampiran 6
Surat Keterangan Penilitian dari SDN Galunggung ................... 103
Lampiran 7
Instrumen Soal ............................................................................ 104
Lampiran 8
Tabulasi Skor Uji Coba Instrumen ............................................. 111
Lampiran 9
Output Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen ......................................... 113
Lampiran 10 Output Hasil Analisis Korelasi Sederhana ................................. 114
Lampiran 11 Output Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ..................................... 118
Lampiran 12 Hasil Penghitungan Tingkat Kesukaran ..................................... 119
Lampiran 13 Hasil Penghitungan Daya Pembeda ............................................ 121
Lampiran 14 Tabulasi Skor Pre Test ............................................................... 123
Lampiran 15 Rekapitulasi Skor Siswa pada Treatment 1, Treatment 2,
Treatment 3 ................................................................................. 124
Lampiran 16 Hasil Belajar Siswa...................................................................... 125
Lampiran 17 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Pembelajaran 1 ...... 132
Lampiran 18 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Pembelajaran 2 ...... 138
Lampiran 19 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Pembelajaran 3 ...... 144
Lampiran 20 Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran 1 ................... 154
Lampiran 21 Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran 2 ................... 158
Lampiran 22 Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran 3 ................... 162
Lampiran 23 Tabulasi Skor Post Test .............................................................. 166
Lampiran 24 Hasil Belajar Siswa...................................................................... 168
Lampiran 25 Output Hasil Uji Asumsi ............................................................. 174
Lampiran 26 Output Hasil Uji Komparasi ........................................................ 175
xi
Halaman
Lampiran 27 Profil SDN Galunggung .............................................................. 176
Lampiran 28 Foto-Foto Penelitian .................................................................... 178
xii
Halaman
PERNYATAAN ................................................................................................
i
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ........................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................
v
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................
x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xi
BAB I
BAB II
PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ...........................................................
1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ..................................................
5
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian .....................................................
6
D. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................
6
E. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................
7
F. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .........................................................
8
KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN,
DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN .................................................. 10
A. Kajian Pustaka ............................................................................ 10
1. Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Sekolah Dasar .................... 10
2. Pembelajaran Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris
di Sekolah Dasar .................................................................... 13
3. Kemampuan Membaca .......................................................... 14
4. Membaca Pemahaman ........................................................... 17
5. Teks Deskriptif Bahasa Inggris ............................................. 19
6. Strategi Membaca Pemahaman .............................................. 20
7. Hasil Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................... 24
v
Halaman
B. Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................... 25
C. Hipotesis Penelitian .................................................................... 26
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................ 27
A. Lokasi, Populasi, dan Sampel Penelitian .................................... 27
1. Lokasi Penelitian ................................................................... 27
2. Populasi Penelitian ................................................................. 27
3. Sampel Penelitian .................................................................. 27
B. Desain Penelitian ........................................................................ 28
C. Metode Penelitian ....................................................................... 29
D. Prosedur Penelitian ..................................................................... 29
1. Tahap Peerencanaan .............................................................. 29
2. Tahap Pelaksanaan ................................................................. 30
3. Tahap Analisis Data dan Penulisan Laporan ......................... 30
E. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional Variabel ............................... 31
F. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................... 32
G. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen Penelitian .............................. 33
1. Uji Validitas Instrumen .......................................................... 34
2. Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ...................................................... 37
3. Daya Beda .............................................................................. 39
4. Taraf Kesukaran ..................................................................... 41
H. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ......................................................... 43
1. Tes Tulis Membaca Pemahaman ........................................... 45
2. Lembar Observasi Pelaksanaan Strategi PQ4R ..................... 45
I.
Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................. 45
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. 53
A. Hasil Penelitian ........................................................................... 53
1. Data Hasil Perencanaan Penelitian ........................................ 53
2. Data Hasil Pelaksanaan Penelitian ......................................... 56
vi
Halaman
3. Analisis Data Hasil Penelitian ............................................... 66
B. Pembahasan ................................................................................ 86
1. Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris
Siswa Sebelum Menggunakan strategi PQ4R ....................... 86
2. Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris
Siswa Setelah Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ......................... 87
3. Efektivitas Penerapan Strategi PQ4R Terhadap Kemampuan
Membaca Pemahaman Teks Bahasa Inggris ......................... 88
BAB V
SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Simpulan ..................................................................................... 93
B. Saran ........................................................................................... 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 95
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .............................................................................. 98
RIWAYAT HIDUP .......................................................................................... 180
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Program Pembelajaran Membaca Bahasa Inggris Kelas V Semester
Dua ................................................................................................... 12
Tabel3.1. Jadwal Penelitian Strategi PQ4R...................................................... 30
Tabel 3.2. Kisi-Kisi Soal Tes Objektif .............................................................. 32
Tabel 3.3. Kisi-Kisi Lembar Observasi Pelaksanaan Strategi PQ4R ................ 33
Tabel 3.4. Pedoman Interpretasi Koefisien Korelasi ......................................... 35
Tabel 3.5. Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen dan Analisis Korelasi Sederhana...... 36
Tabel 3.6. Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Metode Cronbach`s Alpha ............................ 38
Tabel 3.7. Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Setiap Item ..................................................... 38
Tabel 3.8. Kriteria Daya Beda ........................................................................... 40
Tabel 3.9. Daya Beda Setiap Item Soal ............................................................. 40
Tabel 3.10. Kriteria Taraf Kesukaran .................................................................. 42
Tabel 3.11. Taraf Kesukaran Setiap Item Soal .................................................... 42
Tabel 3.12. Jenis Data, Teknik Pengumpulan, Instrumen dan Sumber Data ..... 44
Tabel 3.13. Interval Kategori .............................................................................. 47
Tabel3.14. Klasifikasi Normal Gain .................................................................. 48
Tabel 4.1. Data Skor Pre Test ........................................................................... 57
Tabel 4.2. Data Skor Post Test .......................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.3. Data Statistik SkorPre Test .............................................................. 66
Tabel 4.4. Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test .................................................. 67
Tabel 4.5. Interval Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman .................... 70
Tabel 4.6. Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa Sebelum
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ........................................................... 70
Tabel 4.7. Data Statistik Skor Post Test ............................................................ 71
Tabel 4.8. Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test .................................................. 72
Tabel 4.9. Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Setelah
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ........................................................... 73
Tabel 4.10. Hasil Uji Normal Gain .................................................................... 75
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Halaman
Tabel 4.11. Rekapitulasi Penghitungan Data Pre Test, Post Test, Normal Gain
dan Interval Kategori ........................................................................ 77
Tabel 4.12. Rekapitulasi Persentase Kategori Kemampuan Membaca
Pemahaman ...................................................................................... 79
Tabel 4.13. Hasil Uji Normalitas One Samples Kolmogorov-Smirnov .............. 81
Tabel 4.14. Hasil Uji Homogenitas Data Pre Test dan Post Test ....................... 83
Tabel 4.15. Hasil Uji Komparasi Paired Samples T-Test ................................... 84
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1
Alur Kerangka Berpikir .............................................................. 26
Gambar 3.1. Desain Penelitian One Group Pre Test-Post Test Design ........... 28
Gambar 4.1. Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test.............................................. 68
Gambar 4.2. Grafik Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Sebelum
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ...................................................... 71
Gambar 4.3. Grafik Distribusi Frekuensi Skor Pre Test .................................. 73
Gambar 4.4. Grafik Kategori Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Setelah
Menggunakan Strategi PQ4R ...................................................... 74
Gambar 4.5. Grafik Rekapitulasi Persentase Kategori Kemampuan Membaca
Pemahaman.................................................................................. 79
Gambar 4.6. Kurva Uji Normalitas Data Skor Pre Test ................................... 81
Gambar 4.7. Kurva Uji Normalitas Data Skor Post Test ................................. 82
Gambar 4.8. Kurva Uji Komparasi Data Skor Pre Test dan Post Test ............ 85
x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman
Lampiran 1
Surat Keputusan Direktur UPI Kampus Tasikmalaya ................. 98
Lampiran 2
Surat Permohonan Ijin Penilitian untuk Kantor Kesbang dan
Politik ......................................................................................... 99
Lampiran 3
Surat Permohonan Ijin Penilitian untuk Dinas Pendidikan ........ 100
Lampiran 4
Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Kantor Kesbang dan Politik ............... 101
Lampiran 5
Surat Ijin Penelitian dari Dinas Pendidikan Kota Tasikmalaya . 102
Lampiran 6
Surat Keterangan Penilitian dari SDN Galunggung ................... 103
Lampiran 7
Instrumen Soal ............................................................................ 104
Lampiran 8
Tabulasi Skor Uji Coba Instrumen ............................................. 111
Lampiran 9
Output Hasil Uji Validitas Instrumen ......................................... 113
Lampiran 10 Output Hasil Analisis Korelasi Sederhana ................................. 114
Lampiran 11 Output Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Instrumen ..................................... 118
Lampiran 12 Hasil Penghitungan Tingkat Kesukaran ..................................... 119
Lampiran 13 Hasil Penghitungan Daya Pembeda ............................................ 121
Lampiran 14 Tabulasi Skor Pre Test ............................................................... 123
Lampiran 15 Rekapitulasi Skor Siswa pada Treatment 1, Treatment 2,
Treatment 3 ................................................................................. 124
Lampiran 16 Hasil Belajar Siswa...................................................................... 125
Lampiran 17 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Pembelajaran 1 ...... 132
Lampiran 18 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Pembelajaran 2 ...... 138
Lampiran 19 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Pembelajaran 3 ...... 144
Lampiran 20 Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran 1 ................... 154
Lampiran 21 Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran 2 ................... 158
Lampiran 22 Lembar Observasi Keterlaksanaan Pembelajaran 3 ................... 162
Lampiran 23 Tabulasi Skor Post Test .............................................................. 166
Lampiran 24 Hasil Belajar Siswa...................................................................... 168
Lampiran 25 Output Hasil Uji Asumsi ............................................................. 174
Lampiran 26 Output Hasil Uji Komparasi ........................................................ 175
xi
Halaman
Lampiran 27 Profil SDN Galunggung .............................................................. 176
Lampiran 28 Foto-Foto Penelitian .................................................................... 178
xii