A study on cultural contrasts found in Pearl S. Buck's East Wind : West Wind - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repository
CIIAPtrtrR r
INTRODUCtrION
1.1 Backgroundof the Study
L i te ra tu re
i m p o rta n t
about
subject
b e ca u se th ro ugh
o th e r
vocabulary
and also
good
knouledge.
the
Students
learn
the
a l so
does
can
is
ver y
can Iear n
im pr ove
human uays
not
deeper
that
students
co n fi rmed by P. cur ey
l i te ra tu re
but
matter
this.
cu l tu re s.
va1ue. This is
that
o ne
is
of
their
life
and
( 19' 10:L' i3) saying
give
only
factual
and mo.r e valuable
ideas,
t h o u gh ts a n d mo ra l te a ching in the society.
Matteu Arnold
a h r a ys fi n d
l i te ra tu re
of a people is
c o n t ai n s
th e
t h o u gh ts,
th e i r
(1966:1)
and Little
essential
th e p ri ncipal
re co rd
of
p ro b l e ns
say
men
because the liter atur e
element of its
the
that
peoples'
and conflicts,
cu]tur e.
values.
in
shor t,
It
their
their
uhole nay of Life.
B a si n g o n th e
I i t e r a tu re
studying
as
a
l i te ra tu re ,
st.atem ent above, the r ,r r iter
su b j ect
matter
the sr iter
for
sould
her
lear n
chooses
since
by
about uays
2
o f l i fe
or
su ch a s, th e str uggle
e mo t'o n s i n
a d d i ti on
to
a n d g xa ru n a r a n d u ti l i za tion
nature.
rt
life,
dr eams, feelings
im pr oving
her vocabular ies
in
language. The language is
From the language that
is
used in
the context,
c an b e fo u n d th e h uman' s issues uhich often
o r d i n a ry
learn
real
l i fe .
B e si d es
a b o u t th e cu rtu re
so rl d
i n to
the
o r p la y
th e l i ter ar y
a n d p o e try.
i n t e r e ste d
l o n g er
play
th a n
th e
m o s t n o ve l s te 1 l
o th e rs
of novel,
this
short
study,
with
a n d h o '. th e y a ssociate ' r ith
their
t h e re a so n vh y th e ur iter
drama
is
mor e
of the nover is
stor y,
accor ding
a b o u t human r ife
a ffects
can
of the
story,
the r ,r r iter
such as shor t
B e si d es that,
a n d h o u th e so ci e ty
r ^r r iter
ar t r r or k.
i -n n o ve l b e cause the content
a n d p o e try.
of life
In
1anguage, the
happen in
sense and the r efr - ection
LJ_terary forms consist
is
of
dr ama or
to the vr iter ,
their
pr obr ematic
other m en in
society
vay of thinking.
chooses a novel
That
not
the
o t h e r fo rms.
S i m o n a n d S c h u s t e r ( 1 9 6 5 : 1 0 5 ) say.
t h e n ove l i s
p a rti cu l a rl y
o n c h a ra cte r
o f th e p a ssage of tim e.
suited
"The length
of
to deal rgith the effect
It
expands in
space
3
a s u eL l - a s i n
ti me ;
ther efor e,
novel
is
decidedly
not
meant to be read at a single sitti_ng.,,
..Novel is
Kennedy (L983:180) also adds that,
l e n g th
sto ry
s e n s e th a t,
i n p ro se . r ,r hose author
uhile
tr ies
to cr eate
the
w e read. we exper i_ence actuaL life.,,
B e si d e s n o ve l 1 s a longer
stor y.
Accor ding
C o r r u i c k ( 1 9 8 7 : 1 6 ), " B y r e a d i n g a n o v e l ,
see a lot
a book
o f so cj _ a l reality
of
to Mc.
the readers can
the tim e uhen the stor v
1s written. "
A fe w
well
about
stu d e n ts
P e a tl
at
S.
Uidya Mandala univer sity
Buck.
In
this
study,
know
the
wr iter
wants to show Pearl S. Buck and her works. In pearl
B u c l r 's b i -o g ra p h y
A m e r ica n
virginia
(1 9 75: 6)
n o ve l i st,
P ear l
is
S.
Buck uas
ur itten
that
bor n
,' As an
in
gest
in June 26,7892. She spent most of her life
C h i n a , fo r
sh e h a d b e en taken to
n r - i s si o n a ry p a re n ts.
since
it
sh e
i n f l u e n ce d
uas
a
her ideas
A bsolom and Car oline
fe r .r
m onths
about the
h e r b i o g ra p h y th a t C h i na is
c o u n trv i s
live
a d re a m l -a n d".
old.
countr y
a r eal
in
S.
in
China by her
Sydenstr icker ,
.fhis
condition
as she said
in
hone. but her m other
4
p e a rl S. Buck r .r as inter ested
N a tu ra l l y,
w r J . t er,
as
c h i L dh o o d ,
writer,
C e va sco
p e a rl
and
S.
the
( L967z4441
m entions,
Buck was deter mi_ned to
roofs
of
her
titerary
e n c o u ra g e d b y h e r mo ther and father .
r,ra ssh oll_y Chinesei fox in
c o u n try o f h e r b i rth .
a n d th e
their
fi
so rro n s
of
than
The sights,
she
give
the smells,
r eality
to
about
the joys.
their
pear l
the
customs,
S.
Buck' s
,r
Cevasco (1967:440) adds that
rrrritten
uere
her youth she
knes
th e Chinese people,
tra d i ti o n s-a l I
.-r i 'rn
China
become a
\.The Shanghai M er cur y.' ,
H e r i n sp i ra ti o n
mo re a b o u t
her
Since she uas ten,
h e r fi rst
stor y.
..In
career
S h e h a d u ri tte n
k n e w fa r
to becom e a
over seventy books,
pearl
S.
Buck had
more than 200 articles,
and
n u m e r o u s sh o rt sto ri e s.
P e a rl
got
an
states
for
S . B u ck, u nlike
a p p re cj -a ti o n
that
Pearl
S.
of
m any other
her
wor k.
Chinese r r r r iter s,
cevasco
Buck r.ras auarded the
( 196?:43?)
Nobe} prize
L j -te ra tu re o n D e ce mber 11. 1983. The Nobel Cor unittee
g a v e th e P ri ze " fo r
ri ch
and tr ully
epic descr iptions
C h i n e se p e a sa n t J-i fe , and master pieces of biogr aphy.-
of
5
T h e o th e r -re a so n that
S. Buck's uork.
simple
e n d e a sy
is
that
to
choose pear l
m akes the ur iter
the language uhich is
under stand.
So,
it
is
used is
hoped the
r e a d ers ca n u n d e rsta n d the stor y.
'E st g i n d :
is
l t'e st Sind"
c h o se n b y th e w ri te r
one of pear - L S. Buck' s uor k
uher eas the stor y
Chinese broman narned Kuei Lan. She 1ived
tradition
and her
i n w h i ch e ver ything
p a re n ts.
deeply
j -n
confirmed
about
how
cornrnunicate and
Kwei
a
t o a rra n g e h e -r fa mi l y
sife.
On th e
o th e r
old
Chi.nese
Chinese cultur e
Lan/
hrife
behave to
in
ar r anged by her ancestor s
T h e tr aditional
i m p l a n te d
tell_s about a
in
has
nhich
to
in
learn
parents-in-law
uell_ and to do other
h and, her husband lived
Lr as
cultur e
horrr tro
and husband,
duties
as a
and had a
s c h o o l j -n fe st
a l o n g time ago. He r efused uhatever Kwei
L a n / s mo th e r
th o u g h t
about
Ksei
Lan far
befor e
Lan became his r,rife. He lranted the same position
a h u sb a n d a n d r,ri fe . It
have the sane level.
meant that
In other
Kuei
between
man and uom an had to
rirords, Kr,rei-Lan husband's
w a n t e d K u e i L a n to b e h ave as a m oder n uife.
6
T h e uri_ter is
b e c a u se this
i n ter ested
novel ta l ks
in
East sind:
fest
about tr go cultur es.
Uind
Ther e ar e
E a s t e rn cul-ture and l l e stexn cultur e.
1.2 statement of the problem
Related to the background of
r n t e n ds
to
follor,r:
"ghat
fo rmu l a te
the
cultural
the study,
statement
contrasts
of
the
the rrrriter
problem
as
pearl
S.
are f o u n d i n
B u c k ' s E ? st U i n d ; U e st $ind ?,,
1 . .3 Ob j e cti ve
of the Study
B a se d o n th e
uriter
i n te n d s
sta tement
to find
out
of
the
cultural_
problem
above,
contr asts
the
found in
P e a r ] S . B u c k , s E a st U i nd: gest tr ind.
1 . 4 Si g n i fi ca n ce
o f th e Study
T h i s a n a l ysi s
to
t h e stu d e n ts
of
C a t h o li c
U n i ve rsi ty
cultures,
improving
is
aimed at
E n glish
such
their
giving
som e contribution
Depar tnent at
as
lear ning
vocabulary,
the human uays of l_ife and values.
tfidya Mandala
about
and also
other
lear ning
T h e u ri te r
t o r ' ri te
th e si s
h o p es th a t
a l so hopefully
encour ages other students
o n l i te r atur e.
fn other uor ds the nr iter
l i te ra tu re
,oir r
becom e m or e r nter estino
to
the students.
1 . 5 Sco p e a n d L i mi _ ta ti on
In
th i s
c o n t r ast
th e si s
l i mi ts
ch a ra cte rs.
c h a r acte rs
cultural
the yr iter
focuses
on the
cultur al
i n E a q t S i n d : Sest gind b y P e a r l S . B u c k .
This
main
th e si s
K w ei
itself
to
Lan
and
the
her
analysis
of
husband.
a re mo re d ominant than the other s in
the
Both
shouino
co n tra st.
1 . 6 De fi n i ti o n
B e fo re
o f K e y Ter m s
co mi n g
n e c e ssa ry to cl a ri fy
to
fur ther
discussion,
some ter m s applied in this
it
is
thesis.
Novel
Novel i.s th e l o n g e st
may find
(Little,
most
fo r m of pr ose fictj_on,
extraordinarily
1 9 6 6 : 6 8 ).
r.ride range
in which r r e
of
uritinq
C h a ra cte r
C h a r a cte r
is
a
per son
a n t h r o p o mo rp h i ze d a n i m al,
appears or is
il.
referred
( or
object
to in
personifi.ed
or
a vork
deity)
or
r sho actsl
(Carl E. Bain, et.
1 9 7 1 : 5 0 0 0 ).
Character
is
a
person
urho is
involved
in
the
story
( H a w t h o r n e . 1 9 9 5: 4 1 ) .
Setting
Se t t i ng
is
th e
ti -me and the pr ace in
nhich
an action
happens (Knickerbockel, 1960:43?)
Conflict
A c o n fl i ct
',Iills.
is
rt
a clash
nay
be
of
actions,
ideas,
m an- against_m an,
desires.
or
m an_against_
e n v i r on me n t, a n d m a n - a g a i . n s t - h i m s e l f. ( p e m i n e ,
1966:59)
Culture
C u l t u re i s
co mmo nr,ra y of life.
( Dawson. 1991:11)
C o n t r a st
A person or thing
n i - t h a n o th e r.
exhibiting
difference
upon comparison
9
1.7 Organization of the Thesis
This
th e si s
co n sists
of
five
chapter s.
d e a l s w i -th th e b a ckg ro und of the study,
p r o b le m, th e o b j e cti ve
study.
of the study.
scope and lim-i_tation,
a n d o rg a n i za ti o n
r e v i e w o -f th e re r-a te d r iter atur e.
m e t h o d o l o g y o f th e stu dy.
t h e n o ve l .
F i n a l l y,
significance
of
chapter r r
chapter r r r
Chapter IV is
I
statement of the
definition
o f th e thesis.
chapter
key
of the
terms,
pr esents
the
deals r .r ith
the analysj_s of
th e concl_usion and suggestion of the
s t u d y ru i L l _ b e d i scu sse d in chapter v.
INTRODUCtrION
1.1 Backgroundof the Study
L i te ra tu re
i m p o rta n t
about
subject
b e ca u se th ro ugh
o th e r
vocabulary
and also
good
knouledge.
the
Students
learn
the
a l so
does
can
is
ver y
can Iear n
im pr ove
human uays
not
deeper
that
students
co n fi rmed by P. cur ey
l i te ra tu re
but
matter
this.
cu l tu re s.
va1ue. This is
that
o ne
is
of
their
life
and
( 19' 10:L' i3) saying
give
only
factual
and mo.r e valuable
ideas,
t h o u gh ts a n d mo ra l te a ching in the society.
Matteu Arnold
a h r a ys fi n d
l i te ra tu re
of a people is
c o n t ai n s
th e
t h o u gh ts,
th e i r
(1966:1)
and Little
essential
th e p ri ncipal
re co rd
of
p ro b l e ns
say
men
because the liter atur e
element of its
the
that
peoples'
and conflicts,
cu]tur e.
values.
in
shor t,
It
their
their
uhole nay of Life.
B a si n g o n th e
I i t e r a tu re
studying
as
a
l i te ra tu re ,
st.atem ent above, the r ,r r iter
su b j ect
matter
the sr iter
for
sould
her
lear n
chooses
since
by
about uays
2
o f l i fe
or
su ch a s, th e str uggle
e mo t'o n s i n
a d d i ti on
to
a n d g xa ru n a r a n d u ti l i za tion
nature.
rt
life,
dr eams, feelings
im pr oving
her vocabular ies
in
language. The language is
From the language that
is
used in
the context,
c an b e fo u n d th e h uman' s issues uhich often
o r d i n a ry
learn
real
l i fe .
B e si d es
a b o u t th e cu rtu re
so rl d
i n to
the
o r p la y
th e l i ter ar y
a n d p o e try.
i n t e r e ste d
l o n g er
play
th a n
th e
m o s t n o ve l s te 1 l
o th e rs
of novel,
this
short
study,
with
a n d h o '. th e y a ssociate ' r ith
their
t h e re a so n vh y th e ur iter
drama
is
mor e
of the nover is
stor y,
accor ding
a b o u t human r ife
a ffects
can
of the
story,
the r ,r r iter
such as shor t
B e si d es that,
a n d h o u th e so ci e ty
r ^r r iter
ar t r r or k.
i -n n o ve l b e cause the content
a n d p o e try.
of life
In
1anguage, the
happen in
sense and the r efr - ection
LJ_terary forms consist
is
of
dr ama or
to the vr iter ,
their
pr obr ematic
other m en in
society
vay of thinking.
chooses a novel
That
not
the
o t h e r fo rms.
S i m o n a n d S c h u s t e r ( 1 9 6 5 : 1 0 5 ) say.
t h e n ove l i s
p a rti cu l a rl y
o n c h a ra cte r
o f th e p a ssage of tim e.
suited
"The length
of
to deal rgith the effect
It
expands in
space
3
a s u eL l - a s i n
ti me ;
ther efor e,
novel
is
decidedly
not
meant to be read at a single sitti_ng.,,
..Novel is
Kennedy (L983:180) also adds that,
l e n g th
sto ry
s e n s e th a t,
i n p ro se . r ,r hose author
uhile
tr ies
to cr eate
the
w e read. we exper i_ence actuaL life.,,
B e si d e s n o ve l 1 s a longer
stor y.
Accor ding
C o r r u i c k ( 1 9 8 7 : 1 6 ), " B y r e a d i n g a n o v e l ,
see a lot
a book
o f so cj _ a l reality
of
to Mc.
the readers can
the tim e uhen the stor v
1s written. "
A fe w
well
about
stu d e n ts
P e a tl
at
S.
Uidya Mandala univer sity
Buck.
In
this
study,
know
the
wr iter
wants to show Pearl S. Buck and her works. In pearl
B u c l r 's b i -o g ra p h y
A m e r ica n
virginia
(1 9 75: 6)
n o ve l i st,
P ear l
is
S.
Buck uas
ur itten
that
bor n
,' As an
in
gest
in June 26,7892. She spent most of her life
C h i n a , fo r
sh e h a d b e en taken to
n r - i s si o n a ry p a re n ts.
since
it
sh e
i n f l u e n ce d
uas
a
her ideas
A bsolom and Car oline
fe r .r
m onths
about the
h e r b i o g ra p h y th a t C h i na is
c o u n trv i s
live
a d re a m l -a n d".
old.
countr y
a r eal
in
S.
in
China by her
Sydenstr icker ,
.fhis
condition
as she said
in
hone. but her m other
4
p e a rl S. Buck r .r as inter ested
N a tu ra l l y,
w r J . t er,
as
c h i L dh o o d ,
writer,
C e va sco
p e a rl
and
S.
the
( L967z4441
m entions,
Buck was deter mi_ned to
roofs
of
her
titerary
e n c o u ra g e d b y h e r mo ther and father .
r,ra ssh oll_y Chinesei fox in
c o u n try o f h e r b i rth .
a n d th e
their
fi
so rro n s
of
than
The sights,
she
give
the smells,
r eality
to
about
the joys.
their
pear l
the
customs,
S.
Buck' s
,r
Cevasco (1967:440) adds that
rrrritten
uere
her youth she
knes
th e Chinese people,
tra d i ti o n s-a l I
.-r i 'rn
China
become a
\.The Shanghai M er cur y.' ,
H e r i n sp i ra ti o n
mo re a b o u t
her
Since she uas ten,
h e r fi rst
stor y.
..In
career
S h e h a d u ri tte n
k n e w fa r
to becom e a
over seventy books,
pearl
S.
Buck had
more than 200 articles,
and
n u m e r o u s sh o rt sto ri e s.
P e a rl
got
an
states
for
S . B u ck, u nlike
a p p re cj -a ti o n
that
Pearl
S.
of
m any other
her
wor k.
Chinese r r r r iter s,
cevasco
Buck r.ras auarded the
( 196?:43?)
Nobe} prize
L j -te ra tu re o n D e ce mber 11. 1983. The Nobel Cor unittee
g a v e th e P ri ze " fo r
ri ch
and tr ully
epic descr iptions
C h i n e se p e a sa n t J-i fe , and master pieces of biogr aphy.-
of
5
T h e o th e r -re a so n that
S. Buck's uork.
simple
e n d e a sy
is
that
to
choose pear l
m akes the ur iter
the language uhich is
under stand.
So,
it
is
used is
hoped the
r e a d ers ca n u n d e rsta n d the stor y.
'E st g i n d :
is
l t'e st Sind"
c h o se n b y th e w ri te r
one of pear - L S. Buck' s uor k
uher eas the stor y
Chinese broman narned Kuei Lan. She 1ived
tradition
and her
i n w h i ch e ver ything
p a re n ts.
deeply
j -n
confirmed
about
how
cornrnunicate and
Kwei
a
t o a rra n g e h e -r fa mi l y
sife.
On th e
o th e r
old
Chi.nese
Chinese cultur e
Lan/
hrife
behave to
in
ar r anged by her ancestor s
T h e tr aditional
i m p l a n te d
tell_s about a
in
has
nhich
to
in
learn
parents-in-law
uell_ and to do other
h and, her husband lived
Lr as
cultur e
horrr tro
and husband,
duties
as a
and had a
s c h o o l j -n fe st
a l o n g time ago. He r efused uhatever Kwei
L a n / s mo th e r
th o u g h t
about
Ksei
Lan far
befor e
Lan became his r,rife. He lranted the same position
a h u sb a n d a n d r,ri fe . It
have the sane level.
meant that
In other
Kuei
between
man and uom an had to
rirords, Kr,rei-Lan husband's
w a n t e d K u e i L a n to b e h ave as a m oder n uife.
6
T h e uri_ter is
b e c a u se this
i n ter ested
novel ta l ks
in
East sind:
fest
about tr go cultur es.
Uind
Ther e ar e
E a s t e rn cul-ture and l l e stexn cultur e.
1.2 statement of the problem
Related to the background of
r n t e n ds
to
follor,r:
"ghat
fo rmu l a te
the
cultural
the study,
statement
contrasts
of
the
the rrrriter
problem
as
pearl
S.
are f o u n d i n
B u c k ' s E ? st U i n d ; U e st $ind ?,,
1 . .3 Ob j e cti ve
of the Study
B a se d o n th e
uriter
i n te n d s
sta tement
to find
out
of
the
cultural_
problem
above,
contr asts
the
found in
P e a r ] S . B u c k , s E a st U i nd: gest tr ind.
1 . 4 Si g n i fi ca n ce
o f th e Study
T h i s a n a l ysi s
to
t h e stu d e n ts
of
C a t h o li c
U n i ve rsi ty
cultures,
improving
is
aimed at
E n glish
such
their
giving
som e contribution
Depar tnent at
as
lear ning
vocabulary,
the human uays of l_ife and values.
tfidya Mandala
about
and also
other
lear ning
T h e u ri te r
t o r ' ri te
th e si s
h o p es th a t
a l so hopefully
encour ages other students
o n l i te r atur e.
fn other uor ds the nr iter
l i te ra tu re
,oir r
becom e m or e r nter estino
to
the students.
1 . 5 Sco p e a n d L i mi _ ta ti on
In
th i s
c o n t r ast
th e si s
l i mi ts
ch a ra cte rs.
c h a r acte rs
cultural
the yr iter
focuses
on the
cultur al
i n E a q t S i n d : Sest gind b y P e a r l S . B u c k .
This
main
th e si s
K w ei
itself
to
Lan
and
the
her
analysis
of
husband.
a re mo re d ominant than the other s in
the
Both
shouino
co n tra st.
1 . 6 De fi n i ti o n
B e fo re
o f K e y Ter m s
co mi n g
n e c e ssa ry to cl a ri fy
to
fur ther
discussion,
some ter m s applied in this
it
is
thesis.
Novel
Novel i.s th e l o n g e st
may find
(Little,
most
fo r m of pr ose fictj_on,
extraordinarily
1 9 6 6 : 6 8 ).
r.ride range
in which r r e
of
uritinq
C h a ra cte r
C h a r a cte r
is
a
per son
a n t h r o p o mo rp h i ze d a n i m al,
appears or is
il.
referred
( or
object
to in
personifi.ed
or
a vork
deity)
or
r sho actsl
(Carl E. Bain, et.
1 9 7 1 : 5 0 0 0 ).
Character
is
a
person
urho is
involved
in
the
story
( H a w t h o r n e . 1 9 9 5: 4 1 ) .
Setting
Se t t i ng
is
th e
ti -me and the pr ace in
nhich
an action
happens (Knickerbockel, 1960:43?)
Conflict
A c o n fl i ct
',Iills.
is
rt
a clash
nay
be
of
actions,
ideas,
m an- against_m an,
desires.
or
m an_against_
e n v i r on me n t, a n d m a n - a g a i . n s t - h i m s e l f. ( p e m i n e ,
1966:59)
Culture
C u l t u re i s
co mmo nr,ra y of life.
( Dawson. 1991:11)
C o n t r a st
A person or thing
n i - t h a n o th e r.
exhibiting
difference
upon comparison
9
1.7 Organization of the Thesis
This
th e si s
co n sists
of
five
chapter s.
d e a l s w i -th th e b a ckg ro und of the study,
p r o b le m, th e o b j e cti ve
study.
of the study.
scope and lim-i_tation,
a n d o rg a n i za ti o n
r e v i e w o -f th e re r-a te d r iter atur e.
m e t h o d o l o g y o f th e stu dy.
t h e n o ve l .
F i n a l l y,
significance
of
chapter r r
chapter r r r
Chapter IV is
I
statement of the
definition
o f th e thesis.
chapter
key
of the
terms,
pr esents
the
deals r .r ith
the analysj_s of
th e concl_usion and suggestion of the
s t u d y ru i L l _ b e d i scu sse d in chapter v.