UNIT SHIFT IN SPIDERMAN 2 ENGLISH MOVIE TEXT AND THE BAHASA INDONESIA SUBTITLING TEXT.

UNIT SHIFT IN SPIDERMAN 2 ENGLISH MOVIE TEXT
AND THE BAHASA INDONESIA SUBTITLING TEXT

A THESIS

Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Attainment of a Sarjana
Sastra degree in English Language and Literature

By
Hanif Kurnianto
10211144010

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY
2015
i

APPROVAL SHEET

UNIT SHIFT IN SPIDERMAN 2 MOVIE ENGLISH TEXT AND THE
BAHASA INDONESIA SUBTITLING TEXT

A Thesis

Rv
-J

First Supervisor,

Second Supervisor,

Asruddin B. Iou, Ph. D

Yosa A. Aizuhdy M.

NIP. 195402081977021001

NIP. 19710801 1999031002

11

urn

RATlFICATION SHEET

UNIT SHIFT IN SPIDERJUAN 2 ENGLISH MOVIE TEXT AND THE
BAHASA lNDONESlA SUBTITLING TEXT
A Thesis

By
Hanif Kumianto
10211144010
Accepted by the Board of the Examiners of Faculty of Languages and Arts,
Yogyakarta State University on October 29, 2015 and declared to have fultilled the
requirement for the attainment of a Sarjana Saslra degree in English Language and
Literature.

Board of Examiners
Position

Name

Signature

Chairperson

Andy Bayu Nugroho, M.Hum.

Secretary

Yosa A. Alzuhdy, M.Hum.

First Examiner

Suhaini M. Saleh, MA

Second Examiner

Asruddin B. Tou, Ph.D.

Yogyakarta, October 29, 2015

III

PERNYATAAN

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya
Nama

: HanifKumianto

NIM

: 10211144010

Program Studi

: Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris

Fakultas

: Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

menyatakan bahwa karya ilmiah ini adalah hasil pekeIjaan saya sendiri. Sepanjang
pengetahuan saya, karya ilmiah ini tidak berisi materi yang ditulis oleh orang lain,
kecuali bagian-bagian tertentu yang saya ambil sebagai acuan dengan mengikuti tata
cara dan etika penulisan karya ilmiah yang lazim.
Apabila temyata terbukti bahwa pemyataan ini tidak benar, sepenuhnya menjadi
tanggung jawab saya.

Yogyakarta, Oktober 2015

Hanif Kumianto

IV





Tak ada yang jatuh dari langit dengan cumacuma. Semua adalah usaha dan doa

Hidup adalah perjuangan tanpa henti-henti

-Ahmad Dhani Prasetya-

v

 


I truthfully dedicate this simple paper to my
beloved parents, Mr. Sudarto and Mrs. Siti
Sarwendah whose continuous love, care, and
support have taught me to always believe in the
beauty that belongs to my own future.

vi


WLEDGEMENTS
tsiroflaI would like to say

Alhamdulillah robbil alamin for everything that

has been given to me. My research can be finished because of the blessing and mercy
of Allah SWT. Thereby, I truly want to deliver my thanks to people who dedicate the
best things so much, and they are:
1. my father (Mr. Sudarto, S.Pd.) & my mom (Mrs. Siti Sarwendah, S.Pd.)
who have given the great support and the endless prayers to me to
accomplish this writing;
2. Drs. Asruddin B. Tou, M.A., Ph.D. & Mr. Yosa A. Al Zuhdy, S.S.,
M.Hum., my thesis supervisors who have vacated their time to share a lot
of precious knowledge and given the best guidance to me;
3. Om & Tante (Drs. Rubiyanto and Mrs. Dian Budi Wijayawati, S.E.), who
have shared a lot of advices and been my life mentors for the sake of my
life s successfulness in the future;
4. all members of G Class 2010 (Dewi Putri Prasetyawati, Nadindra Nirvana
Irawan, Permadi Tenrisau, Fitri Evrilia Timur, Damast Eska Sari, Rian
Febriyanto, Arif Rakhmat Prakoso, Debby Yunita Saputri, Okka
Shakatomawon, Wulan Cipta Sari, Ahmad Septian Nugrahanto, Andhika
Pangestu, Anisa Sekar Arum Wibawani, Ahmad Dzaky Hasan, and Nofiar

Radityawan Triandy Putra) in English Language and Literature study
program, for their countless support and prayers. I always pray that time
vii

will kindly not erase our memories over what we have shared and
togetherness during more than these five years. I do hope that our
friendship will last forever and our solidarity will be tighter as the time we
grow older later;
5. someone special who is also as my partner for quarreling in the romantic
sense, Vebbika Hana Alvanik, and, who Insya Allah will be with me
through the joy and pain for the rest of my life;
6. my childhood buddies, Andhika Putra and Andhika Ony Putra, for the
craziness that is still freely floating in my mind until today, who are still
striving to finish their thesis as soon as possible;
7. my friends in the Faculty of Languages and Arts whose names I cannot
mention one by one, for their assistance that makes it impossible for me to
pay them back;
8. Kaliwaru boarding house bandits (Doni April Krismanto, Fajar Eko
Prasetyo, Ryan Megarandra, Ikhsan Nur Rohman, Sarwo Aji Negoro, and
Abdul Haris Prasetya), for a lot of experiences we have spent, the silliness

and togetherness that are the most difficult memories to be forgotten.

viii

I surely realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. The readers are
pleasurably welcomed to give their suggestions, comments, and criticisms in order to
gain the thesis improvement.

Yogyakarta, October 29, 2015

Hanif Kurnianto

ix

  
TITLE.........................................................................................................................i
APPROVAL SHEET .................................................................................................ii
RATIFICATION SHEET ..........................................................................................iii
PERNYATAAN.........................................................................................................iv
MOTTOS ...................................................................................................................v

DEDICATIONS.........................................................................................................vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................x
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................xiii
LIST OF TABLES .....................................................................................................xiii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................xiv
ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................................1
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Background of the Research ..........................................................................1
Research Focus...............................................................................................4
Formulation of the Problem ...........................................................................6
Objectives of the Research.............................................................................6
Research Significances...................................................................................6

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................8
A. Translation......................................................................................................8
x



Notions of Translation..............................................................................8
2. Kinds of Translation.................................................................................9
3. Method of Translation ..............................................................................12
4. Translation Procedure ..............................................................................14
5. Notions of Unit Shift ................................................................................16
6. Notions of Meaning..................................................................................17
7. Meaning Equivalence ...............................................................................19
8. Notions of Language Levels ....................................................................20
B. Notions of Film and Subtitling.......................................................................26
C. Previous Researches .......................................................................................28
D. Conceptual Framework and Analytical Construct .........................................29
1. Conceptual Framework ............................................................................29
2. Analytical Construct.................................................................................31
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ....................................................................33
A.
B.
C.
D.

Type of Research............................................................................................33
Data and the Sources of Data .........................................................................34
Research Instruments .....................................................................................34
Procedure........................................................................................................35
1. Data Collection........................................................................................35
2. Data Analysis ..........................................................................................36
E. Data Trustworthiness .....................................................................................38
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ......................................................40
A.

The Kinds of the Unit Shifts .........................................................................41
1. Categorization of Upward Unit Shifts.....................................................41
a. Word into Phrase ................................................................................42
b. Phrase into Clause ..............................................................................46
c. Phrase into Sentence...........................................................................46
d. Clause into Sentence...........................................................................47
2. Categorization of Downward Unit Shifts................................................48
a. Sentence into Phrase...........................................................................49
b. Sentence into Word ............................................................................53
c. Phrase into Word ................................................................................54
B. Meaning Equivalence .....................................................................................58
xi



Complete Meaning Equivalence .............................................................60
2. Increase Meaning Equivalence................................................................61
3. Decrease Meaning Equivalence ..............................................................63
4. Non Equivalent Meaning ........................................................................64

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS...........................................67
A. Conclusions ....................................................................................................67
B. Suggestions.....................................................................................................69
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................71
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................74

xii

!"#$ %& &"'()*#
,ueirg-.

+age

Translation Procedures ..........................................................................14

Figure 2: Analytical Construct ..............................................................................32

LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1: The Type of Dependent Clauses .............................................................24
Table 2: The Example of Data Sheet ....................................................................37
Table 3: The Types of Unit Shift ..........................................................................41
Table 4: The Occurrence of Upward Unit Shifts ..................................................41
Table 5: The Occurrence of Downward Unit Shifts .............................................48
Table6: The Occurrence of Degree Meaning Equivalence ...................................59

xiii

/012 34 56678905203:1

SL

: Source Language

TL

: Target Language

C

: Complete Meaning

I

: Increase Meaning

D

: Decrease Meaning

NE

: Non Equivalent Meaning

xiv

; ?@=A> =< SPIDERMAN 2 BBH> I@B
KI@I?I =D=BH>
LnifaMntioaur
NOPNNNQQONO
IK?>RIS>
The focus of this research is to observe and study the phenomena of unit shifts
that exist in Spiderman 2 s English text and Bahasa Indonesia subtitling text. There
were two objectives discussed in this research, (1) to describe the types of unit shift
that occur in Spiderman 2 s Indonesian subtitle, (2) to describe the extent to which
the unit shifts affect the meaning equivalence in the two texts.
The descriptive qualitative research was the method in this study. The data
were the compilation of unit analysis that had been written in the form of table. One
unit analysis was expressed by one datum. The realizations of the data are mostly
phrase units occurring in clause units and or sentences units. The research s
instruments involved the researcher, data sheets, as well as correlated references. To
get data trustworthiness the researcher consulted and observed the data analysis and
research s findings for many times with the research s consultants.
The findings describe that there were two types of unit shift, namely upward
unit shift and downward unit shift. The total of their shifting cases were one hundred
and seventy four occurrences. The upward unit shift showed eighteen cases or ten
point thirty four percent. Meanwhile the downward unit shift showed one hundred
and fifty six cases or eighty nine point sixty six percent. Non linguistic factor mostly
affected the unit shift occurrences in this research. The factor that influences upward
unit shift s occurrences was that the translator often added several words initiatively
in elucidating the meaning of specific parts from original text which are changed into
translated version. On the other side, the attempt to make the simplification of some
translation results through relevant meaning delivery within several texts was the
factor that triggered downward unit shift to occur the most. In terms of meaning
equivalence, the complete meaning equivalence became the most occurrences
existing with one hundred and forty six cases or eighty three point ninety two percent.
The least occurrences existing were the increase meaning equivalence with six cases
or three point forty four percent.

Teywords: unit shifts, meaning equivalence, English text, Indonesian subtitling text.
xv

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