93 INDIA COUNTRY PAPER ON PEPPER PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND TRADE

  

INDIA

COUNTRY PAPER ON PEPPER PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND TRADE

  1. Introduction

Black pepper is one of the important agricultural commodities of trade in India since pre-

historic period. The crop is the major source of income and employment for rural households

in the predominantly pepper growing areas. More than 0.25 million farm families are involved

in pepper cultivation in the states of Kerala, Karnataka,Tamil Nadu and North Eastern region.

  

Kerala accounts for 40% of the total pepper production in the country. Pepper is mainly grown

as mixed crop with coconut, arecanut, coffee, cardamom etc. Monocropping in pepper is

limited to very small area in India.

  2. Production

2.1 Current status of Pepper Production

  Pepper is grown;

• as a backyard crop
• as a mixed or intercrop trailed on various trees in the garden and homesteads
• as a pure crop on slopes and in valleys of low hills
• as a mixed crop on shade trees in cardamom, tea and coffee plantations

  Commonly observed cultivation system is the “extensive homestead cultivation” where pepper

  cultivation is taken up as a secondary crop interspersed with several other crops. ‘Panniyur - 1’

  and ‘Karimunda’ are the most popular varieties of pepper grown in India.

  Organic Production

Since the market for organic products is gradually registering an upward trend, Spices Board

has taken initiatives to promote organic cultivation of pepper at suitable locations through;

providing technical know-how on organic cultivation, Financial support for organic cultivation

& certification and establishment f vermicompost units, Training on Organic cultivation to

farmers, NGO’s and Officers of State Agriculture/Horticulture Departments.

a) Acreage of Pepper under cultivation for the year of 2010 and 2011 (in Ha)

  Year New Planting Productive Area Non productive Area Total

2010 17,636 181,350 NA 198,986

2011 NA NA NA NA

b) Distribution of Pepper cultivation for the year 2010 AND 2011 (in Ha)

  

State/Province 2010 2011

Kerala 171,489 NA Tamil Nadu 2,789 NA Karnataka 19,706 NA Others 5,002 NA

Total 198,986 NA

  c) Production of Black and White Pepper for the year of 2010 - 2012 in MT Year Black White Total 2010 49,000 1,000 50,000 Estimate 2011 46,900 1,100 48,000 Projection 2012 41,500 1,500 43,000

2.2 Factors affecting current Production and Productivity of Pepper holdings

• Lack of quality planting material
• Small and marginal holding
• Existence of senile and unproductive vines
• Losses due to pest and disease attack and lack of awareness about disease management
• Non mechanization of farming activities
• High cost of inputs
• Labour shortage leading to reduced new planting
• Weather conditions
• Non-adoption of appropriate agronomic practices
• Lack of long-term investments for improving the crop
• Unsteady market with price fluctuations

  To face these challenges in pepper production and productivity, Spices Board has taken up the

  following measures;
• Replantation and rejuvenation of pepper farms
• Thrust on farm mechanization

• • Training for growers, traders NGO’s and officers of State Agriculture/Horticulture

  departments on GAP, Quality improvement and Value addition
• Establishment of Spices Park for full line processing
• Trade promotion and development in both national and international level

  3. Processing and Product Development

The crop takes about 8-10 months from flowering to harvest. The harvest season extends from

January to March. Harvesting is done by hand picking of the spikes from the vines. The berries

are separated from the spikes physically or by using mechanical threshers and dried in the sun /

concrete floor / bamboo mat / polythene sheets till it is crisp. Properly dried pepper is cleaned

and packed in clean gunny bags and stored hygienically. Graded or garbled Pepper and un-

graded pepper are stored separately stacked in warehouse, where wooden planks are used on

the floors.

In order to facilitate post harvest activities and for getting clean, quality end product for the

industry, Spices Board has established Spices Park, at Puttady, Kerala which offers full line

processing of pepper involving cleaning, grading, sorting, grinding, packing etc. apart from

warehousing facility. The infrastructure facilities available at Spices Park Puttady are already

being well utilized by farmers, traders and exporters. The initiative has helped both the farmers

and exporters by shortening the distribution channel and by establishing the traceability.

  4. Trade

4.1 Current status of Pepper Exports from India

a) Export of Pepper from India

  (Volume in MT & Value in USD million) Year 2010 Year 2011 (Till September) Year Volume Value Volume Value

  January 1376.12 1674.52

  5.22

  8.76 February 1389.49 1348.82

  4.73

  6.88 March 1417.14 2235.52

  5.15

  11.99 April 1590.34 2266.62

  5.66

  12.37 May 1415.37 1894.32

  5.28

  11.04 June 1671.91 2203.87

  6.27

  13.34 July 2025.77 1435.71

  7.51

  9.54 August 899.85 1442.85

  3.63

  9.04 September 1257.02 2024.1

  5.32

  13.34 October 1175.97

  5.46 November 1646.33

  7.97 December 1908.17

  9.53 Total 17773.5 71.75 16526.3

  96.29

  b) Estimate of total exports for 2011 and projections for 2012 (in MT) 2010 Actual 2011 Estimate 2012 Projection

  

Pepper 17,773 23,500 21,000

  c) Types of Pepper products produced in India Indian Pepper Industry is well oriented towards Value added production over the years. It produces Milled/Crushed Pepper, Ground Pepper, White Pepper, Dehydrated Green Pepper, Freeze Dried Green Pepper, White Pepper Powder, Pepper in Brine, Green Pepper Pickle, Pink Pepper in Brine, Pepper Oil, and Pepper Oleoresin.

  d) Exports of Pepper and other Pepper products by country of destination, volume and value during 2010 and Estimate for 2011 (As attached in Annex. I)

4.3 Import of Pepper

a) Estimates of total Imports for 2011 and Projections for 2012 (in MT)

  2010 Actual 2011 Estimate 2012 Projection

Pepper 17,180 14,000 14,000

  

b) Imports of Pepper and Pepper products by country of destination, volume and value

during 2010 and Estimate for 2011 (As attached in Annex. II)

  

Summary on Production, Exports, Imports, Domestic consumption and Carry-over stock of

Pepper in 2010, Estimates for 2011 and Projections for 2012 (in MT)

  Major Pest and Disease which are affecting the Pepper in India are;

Pests - Pollu Beetle (Longitarsus nigripennis), Top Shoot Borer (Cydia hemidoxa), Leaf Gall

thrips (Liothrips Karnyl), Scale Insects (Diaspididae), Plant parasitic Nematodes, Mealy bug,

Wasp attack in Erythrina, Diseases - Foot rot, Pollu Disease (Anthracnose), Little leaf, Slow decline.

  

Spices Board has taken prophylactic measures to tackle the seasonal pest issues by giving IPM

(Integrated Pest Management) kits to farmers.

  2010 Total Black Pepper White Pepper Stock B/F 11463 11413 50 Production 50000 49000 1000 Import 17180 16462 718 Domestic Consumption 44000 43750 250 Exportable Surplus 34643 33125 1518 Export 17773 16470 1303 Stock C/F 16870 16655 215 2011 (Estimate) Stock B/F 16870 16655 215 Production 48000 46900 1100 Import 14000 13250 750 Domestic Consumption 40000 39250 750 Exportable Surplus 38870 37555 1315 Export 23500 22300 1200 Stock C/F 15370 15255 115 2012 (Projection) Stock B/F 15370 15255 115 Production 43000 41500 1500 Import 14000 13000 1000 Domestic Consumption 40000 39000 1000 Exportable Surplus 32370 30755 1615 Export 21000 19700 1300 Stock C/F 11370 11055 315

5. Issues in Pepper

6.1 Production of Pepper

  6.2 Trade of Pepper within Country and Overseas Factors Influencing Pepper Trade are;

• The production of other pepper producing countries
• Prices prevailing in major market centres
• Carry over stocks
• Import of pepper

  As the Food industry is gaining momentum all over the world by finding new horizons in value

  addition, processing etc. Indian Pepper is also keeping pace with the food industry by the way

  of value addition. Export of value added products is progressively increasing over the years.

  6.3 Marketing Channels

Pepper marketing channels consists of growers, Middle men, Commodity exchanges of

Forward Market Commission, exporters and the domestic market. The most widely practiced

marketing channel is collecting directly from the producers by the local merchants, whole sale

traders and then the exporters who is the final link in the chain. The private sector operation is

mainly through commission agents who collect the produce from the small farmers and dispose

of these produce to the retail trade, at a price determined by demand and supply.

  6.4 GI Registration GI registration for ‘Malabar Pepper’ has been taken by Spices Board.

  6.5 Domestic Consumption

Average domestic consumption in India, including industrial usage is about 40,000 to 45,000

MT.

7. Development Programme for Pepper

7.1 Production Programmes

  

Low production and productivity are the main concerns for Indian Pepper Industry. To face

these challenges and to increase production and productivity of Pepper a Project has been

implemented in Idukki Dist. & Wayanad dist. of Kerala and North Eastern states through the

assistance from Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Commerce respectively.

Continuous research is carried out towards mechanising the production and post harvest

Operations. Transfer of technology is also essential for increasing the productivity. Extension

advisory service is established by Spices Board to support growers on the scientific aspects of

cultivation through personal contact, field visits, group meetings and through distribution of

literature in vernacular languages. Mobile Agri-clinic service is also available to provide

technical support to the farmers at field level.

  7.2 Quality Improvement Programmes a) Spices Board provides assistance for the purchase of mechanical pepper threshers.

  

b) Spices Board provides support to farmers for drying pepper in a hygienic surface by

supplying Bamboo mats/polythene sheets and by assisting for the construction of concrete

drying yards.

  

c) Spices Board is establishing crop specific Spices Park at major producing centres with the

objective of providing common infrastructure facilities for both post harvest and processing

operations of spices, which also aims at backward integration for quality improvement. One

such Spices Park is established in Puttady, Kerala mainly to serve the Pepper and Cardamom

growers of the region. It involves full line processing containing cleaning, grading, sorting,

grinding, packing and sterilization.

  

d) For ensuring the quality of the pepper it is essential to take necessary care at every stage in

production and post harvest operations. To achieve the same GAP training is provided to rural

unemployed youth and Quality improvement training programmes are organized for farmers,

traders, NGO’s, and officers of State Agriculture/Horticulture departments.

  7.3 Research on Pepper

Continuous research on Varietal development, production, productivity, pest & disease

management, and post harvest management is a key area which is most needed to keep the

Pepper Industry on track to face the challenges on the world market. IISR (Indian Institute of

Spices Research), Panniyur Research Station of Kerala Agricultural University, and many

Agricultural Universities in other states of the country are involved in research on Pepper.

Spices Board has entrusted Amala Cancer Research Institute to conduct Clinical studies to

establish medicinal properties of oils of pepper for treatment of cancer.

  7.4 Insurance Coverage

Spices Board is authorised to implement a Personal Accident Insurance scheme of Price

Stabilization Fund Trust of Government of India for small and marginal growers and labourers

in Spices with subsidized premium.

8. Quality Assurance

  

The first Quality Evaluation Laboratory was established in 1988 at Cochin for providing

analytical services to the Indian Spice industry. Presently it is an ISO –17025 & 14000

certified lab which is well equipped to provide all the physical, chemical and microbiological

analysis to the Spice industry. Quality Evaluation Lab of Cochin is a regular participant in

Codex Committee meetings. It also conducts training for the technical persons from the

industry on physical, chemical and microbiological analysis. Apart from Cochin full fledge

  

Regional Quality Evaluation labs are functioning at Mumbai, Guntur and Chennai and Quality

Evaluation labs are underway in Delhi, Tuticorin, and Kandala.

9. Conclusion

  

Indian Pepper is known for its superior intrinsic quality. The Pepper industry is strongly

supported by high domestic demand. The industry is well equipped to cater the increasing

global demand, changes in consumption pattern, increased demand for value added product,

and for catering the needs of Organic consumers.

  

Future strategy for the Indian Pepper industry is to focus on our core strengths to grab the

opportunities in the world market and to work towards strategic alliances with all the

stakeholders.

The vision of Pepper Industry is to attain a production level of 100,000 tons by 2015 and to

occupy at least 25% of the world market.

  

ANNEXURE I

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF BLACK PEPPER CRUSHED/GROUND FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 224.10 470.94 177.53 475.19 ANGOLA 0.60 1.30 0.20 0.42 ALBANIA 4.00 6.11 - - BAHARAIN 9.88 21.64 4.72 14.10 BELGIUM 71.75 144.90 56.33 136.55

  BRAZIL 11.88 16.04 - - BOTSWANA 0.07 0.15 - - BENIN 6.15 27.25 3.50 15.31 CANADA 92.73 185.98 140.85 365.37 CHINA 20.00 36.34 52.70 159.30 CYPRUS 0.01 0.02 - - DENMARK 95.85 151.60 48.26 96.19 ESTONIA 11.50 20.47 3.10 8.81 FINLAND 18.75 41.34 15.53 35.33 FRANCE 33.50 62.45 13.65 59.02 FIJI 0.01 0.03 - - GREECE - - 0.10 0.24 GERMANY 53.27 65.91 2.50 12.33 GAMBIA 10.27 18.45 0.02 0.05 GHANA - - 0.09 0.19 GUATEMALA - - 28.46 53.74 GUINEA 0.01 0.02 - - HUNGARY 0.50 0.84 - - HONGKONG 0.05 0.06 - -

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF BLACK PEPPER CRUSHED/GROUND FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 2

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• IRAQ 2.61 4.28 2.55 6.70

  ITALY 80.08 141.17 82.00 179.91

  IRELAND 3.15 16.43 10.02 20.32

  IRAN - - 5.05 19.59

  ISRAEL 20.12 39.83 8.62 27.07 JAPAN 71.08 163.15 76.66 231.71 KUWAIT 9.94 24.59 23.02 45.39 KOREA(SOUTH) 20.15 45.17 13.50 36.42 KENYA - - 0.04 0.14 LEBANON 0.02 0.11 - - MALDIVES 0.64 1.07 - - MALAYSIA 13.85 23.15 2.96 7.21 MEXICO 42.53 77.08 19.75 44.78 NORWAY 14.87 32.44 8.75 29.09 NETHERLANDS 0.34 0.89 15.13 52.66 NEW ZEALAND 27.28 62.09 18.80 57.39 NIGERIA 0.25 0.43 - - OMAN 3.73 7.59 2.35 5.32 POLAND 20.00 22.82 0.15 0.39 PHILLIPINES 1.00 1.86 13.00 15.03 QATAR 25.52 29.28 32.05 41.08 REUNION 1.01 3.08 - - RUSSIA 72.60 121.53 15.00 39.36 SINGAPORE 11.21 13.59 1.84 4.03 SWEDEN 110.93 178.36 39.03 86.57 SPAIN 5.25 14.62 9.38 27.70

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF BLACK PEPPER CRUSHED/GROUND FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 3

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• SWITZERLAND 0.07 0.18 - - SENEGAL 0.02 0.04 - - SEYCHELLES 1.00 2.00 1.25 2.71 SOUTH AFRICA 1.12 1.32 20.02 56.32 SUDAN 0.01 0.02 - -

  SAUDI ARABIA 49.34 100.67 40.67 107.06 THAILAND 33.68 80.57 24.98 71.78 TANZANIA 0.80 0.64 0.03 0.10 TOGO 0.02 0.05 - - TAIWAN 1.85 3.59 26.25 47.85 U.S.A 2519.52 4397.69 1760.16 4998.45 U.K 685.46 1305.45 333.21 921.62 U.A.E 26.21 58.70 41.53 113.34 ZAMBIA 0.30 0.36 - - OTHERS 6.70 14.67 - -

• GRAND TOTAL 4550.64 8263.87 3195.32 8729.31

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF DEHYDERATED GREEN PEPPER FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 2.50 9.72 5.77 25.44 ARGENTINA 1.30 4.56 0.80 4.16 AUSTRIA 4.85 12.36 2.51 8.10 BULGARIA 0.50 1.32 - - BELGIUM 17.33 54.32 33.96 149.61

  CANADA 7.13 24.28 7.37 26.50 ESTONIA 4.32 17.56 7.01 32.06 FRANCE 34.00 126.29 27.00 112.24 GREECE 3.54 10.54 3.53 16.70 GERMANY 200.54 629.79 192.44 758.99 HONGKONG 0.20 0.66 - -

  ITALY 26.64 69.57 34.99 138.43

  ISRAEL - - 1.50 6.53 JAPAN 2.48 10.74 2.40 12.19 MALAYSIA 0.30 1.79 - - NORWAY - - 0.36 1.75 NETHERLANDS 120.62 389.81 108.44 414.78 NEW ZEALAND 0.50 2.53 1.93 6.27 POLAND 28.00 67.24 28.00 101.55 RUSSIA 2.70 7.63 1.50 5.51 SWEDEN 2.64 8.01 3.70 19.15 SPAIN 6.00 19.89 2.00 8.26 SWITZERLAND 2.00 5.44 - - SOUTH AFRICA 4.70 16.71 4.50 25.08 TURKEY 4.00 9.80 8.00 32.58 U.S.A 26.75 96.45 24.12 101.72 U.K 15.02 48.57 7.14 33.60 U.A.E - - 0.80 3.63

• GRAND TOTAL 518.81 1647.29 509.77 2044.83

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF FREEZE DRIED GREEN PEPPER FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• FRANCE 0.50 8.63 2.42 41.05 GERMANY - - 2.00 17.37 JAPAN 0.79 11.15 0.32 4.82 SOUTH AFRICA 2.62 28.01 2.60 29.85 TAIWAN 0.35 4.98 0.40 6.48

  U.S.A 5.50 51.53 4.40 43.31 U.K 0.17 2.56 - -

• GRAND TOTAL 9.93 106.86 12.14 142.88

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF GREEN PEPPER IN BRINE FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• ARGENTINA - - 0.50 2.58 BELGIUM 24.35 22.07 29.38 30.69 CANADA 0.48 0.24 - - FRANCE 96.66 69.84 158.01 145.53 GERMANY 310.04 270.85 231.88 254.12

  ITALY 104.11 95.98 20.75 24.66

  ISRAEL 0.50 0.41 - - JAPAN 5.40 7.96 8.50 14.50 JORDAN 12.80 8.64 4.25 3.99 MOROCCO 14.00 23.66 48.00 69.97 MALAYSIA - - 0.30 0.47 NETHERLANDS 111.48 100.62 48.11 54.24 NEW ZEALAND 0.80 0.85 0.70 0.92 POLAND 9.00 7.92 17.76 17.42 SINGAPORE 0.60 0.36 - - SWEDEN 6.50 5.43 10.55 12.34 SPAIN 180.74 142.54 73.39 61.89 SOUTH AFRICA 9.78 11.62 2.00 10.55 TURKEY 27.20 20.86 - - U.S.A 0.69 0.98 0.15 0.35 U.K 95.35 87.97 93.22 96.71

• GRAND TOTAL 1010.48 878.80 747.45 800.93

COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF PEPPER OIL FROM INDIA

  (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 1.08 38.41 1.00 51.25 ARGENTINA 1.07 38.28 0.61 134.00 AUSTRIA - - 0.03 0.84 BULGARIA 0.05 1.87 0.05 2.37 BELGIUM 0.68 25.40 0.85 47.40

  BRAZIL 3.18 111.46 1.22 59.91 CANADA 1.23 44.50 1.27 56.71 CHINA 1.50 52.13 0.81 40.00 COLOMBIA 0.35 12.16 0.12 4.38 DENMARK 0.17 6.70 0.13 7.63 EGYPT(A.R.E) 0.10 3.50 0.02 0.64 EL SALVADOR - - 0.16 1.63 FRANCE 3.78 147.38 3.67 200.48 GREECE 0.01 0.21 - - GERMANY 24.52 744.49 12.34 570.88 HUNGARY 0.10 3.45 0.03 1.86 HONGKONG 0.06 2.96 - -

  ITALY 2.20 77.30 1.08 55.19

  INDONESIA 2.67 89.75 0.76 34.09

  IRAN 0.60 19.84 - -

  ISRAEL 0.16 5.50 0.15 7.42 JAPAN 3.07 115.10 2.61 134.60 KOREA(SOUTH) 0.75 28.62 0.40 25.11 MEXICO 0.48 17.25 0.32 16.02 NETHERLANDS 3.73 125.42 5.29 243.97 NEW ZEALAND 0.07 2.56 0.05 2.09 PANAMA - - 0.06 1.89

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF PEPPER OIL FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 2

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• POLAND 1.27 44.53 0.61 23.92 PAKISTAN 0.01 0.25 - - PHILLIPINES 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.23 ROMANIA 0.39 14.18 0.23 11.75 RUSSIA 2.13 84.18 0.67 31.91

  SINGAPORE 0.98 35.88 0.94 38.47 SWEDEN 0.56 18.24 0.31 10.80 SPAIN 1.68 60.67 1.74 82.53 SWITZERLAND 3.17 110.57 2.10 91.06 SYRIA 0.03 1.19 0.02 0.77 SOUTH AFRICA 0.05 1.88 0.37 12.65 SERBIA 0.01 0.49 0.03 2.20 THAILAND 1.86 70.61 2.04 113.93 TURKEY 0.18 6.28 0.15 4.61 TAIWAN 0.01 0.22 0.11 5.42 U.S.A 18.26 627.86 17.92 756.56 U.K 6.26 210.61 5.85 257.62

• GRAND TOTAL 88.47 3002.12 66.13 3144.79

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF PEPPER OLEORESIN FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No:1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 17.80 184.10 17.20 263.71 ARGENTINA 3.16 35.96 3.35 61.90 AUSTRIA 29.15 248.13 7.52 63.48 BULGARIA 4.36 52.40 3.20 51.56 BELGIUM 16.11 145.79 3.18 55.94

  BRAZIL 22.96 281.71 12.93 235.74 CANADA 37.21 355.64 15.53 217.76 CHINA 12.66 152.58 17.12 264.60 COLOMBIA 9.04 79.46 7.56 103.09 CHILE 2.73 32.25 3.56 71.97 COSTA RICA 0.58 7.58 0.33 4.30 CZECH REPUBLIC 1.30 17.58 0.52 11.14 DENMARK 10.14 88.16 8.04 111.79 EGYPT(A.R.E) 12.10 127.15 3.13 48.23 EL SALVADOR 0.01 0.14 - - ECUADOR 0.33 4.16 0.18 3.28 ESTONIA 14.12 113.39 17.17 213.34 FINLAND 8.32 108.25 6.49 103.21 FRANCE 23.78 220.50 17.43 244.07 GREECE 0.29 2.97 0.28 3.92 GERMANY 169.36 1679.09 169.83 2439.33 GUATEMALA 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.28 GEORGIA 0.04 1.01 0.05 1.22 HUNGARY 0.70 6.51 - - HONGKONG 3.79 36.94 0.62 8.11

  ITALY 4.21 47.74 14.03 62.97

  INDONESIA 5.99 57.38 3.55 55.98

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF PEPPER OLEORESIN FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No:2

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• IRELAND 14.40 110.96 9.40 67.31

  IRAN 1.03 9.50 0.13 1.75

  ISRAEL 11.61 116.05 4.05 78.91 JAPAN 7.47 117.70 4.75 95.38 KOREA(SOUTH) 21.66 251.95 18.49 254.75 KAZAKISTAN 0.01 0.10 - - MOROCCO 0.07 1.90 - - MALDIVES 0.30 0.68 - - MALAYSIA 2.09 41.53 1.09 30.29 MEXICO 14.84 171.05 9.74 149.92 NORWAY 0.30 3.71 0.22 2.88 NETHERLANDS 27.66 276.53 17.29 250.37 NEW ZEALAND 3.47 35.21 1.81 27.30 OMAN 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.37 PANAMA 0.22 2.67 0.46 10.24 POLAND 37.70 344.20 33.12 433.83 PERU 3.08 37.72 1.12 25.83 PHILLIPINES 23.08 256.03 20.05 344.23 ROMANIA 6.72 77.25 3.93 74.47 RUSSIA 56.02 737.74 26.75 524.97 SINGAPORE 4.77 48.71 11.19 181.79 SWEDEN 10.97 109.34 11.04 142.99 SPAIN 14.85 152.72 9.68 144.14 SWITZERLAND 6.15 76.24 6.98 118.74 SYRIA 1.10 14.15 0.65 15.95 SOUTH AFRICA 23.08 218.38 23.92 295.94 SRI LANKA - - 0.20 7.66

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF PEPPER OLEORESIN FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 3

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• SAUDI ARABIA 0.33 2.17 0.21 3.21 SLOVAK REP 2.48 33.35 2.26 45.55 SERBIA 1.80 18.14 1.00 20.22 THAILAND 37.98 423.88 25.30 443.46 TURKEY 22.63 215.67 9.43 127.87

  TAIWAN 2.89 31.01 1.08 19.77 U.S.A 405.49 4092.78 355.40 4538.91 U.K 98.63 768.37 67.05 843.59 URUGUAY 0.03 0.93 0.12 4.15 U.A.E - - 0.01 0.17 UKRAINE 0.30 4.56 0.51 12.76 UZBEKISTAN - - 0.04 1.10

  VENEZUELA 5.10 56.31 1.80 20.03

  VIETNAM - - 1.00 18.93 OTHERS 0.08 4.82 0.06 1.77

• GRAND TOTAL 1280.65 12950.81 1014.17 14082.42

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF WHITE PEPPER CRUSHED/GROUND FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 49.63 119.36 62.28 236.37 BAHARAIN 0.90 2.95 1.17 3.58 BELGIUM 29.88 89.64 18.50 59.67 BOTSWANA - - 0.16 1.09 BENIN - - 4.00 20.42

  CANADA 2.11 5.35 1.07 4.64 DENMARK 22.63 51.07 - - ESTONIA - - 3.10 12.47 FINLAND 4.18 10.17 3.13 12.63 FRANCE 0.01 0.03 - - FIJI 0.01 0.02 - - GERMANY 4.55 17.33 - - GUATEMALA - - 3.00 9.80

  ITALY - - 1.97 7.78

  IRELAND 4.51 19.04 2.64 7.60

  ISRAEL 22.43 60.15 0.05 0.19 JAPAN 1.90 6.31 1.14 5.00 KUWAIT 1.62 4.69 2.84 4.76 MALAYSIA 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.33 MEXICO 8.64 22.87 - - NORWAY 9.12 28.34 - - NETHERLANDS - - 4.65 17.33 NEW ZEALAND 1.27 4.17 2.20 10.50 OMAN 1.04 1.89 2.53 4.23 POLAND 8.60 23.62 - - PHILLIPINES 21.80 57.38 3.00 6.51 QATAR 0.71 2.74 0.14 0.70

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF WHITE PEPPER CRUSHED/GROUND FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 2

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• SINGAPORE 0.35 0.60 0.10 0.39 SWEDEN 40.05 106.78 17.60 75.33 SPAIN 0.25 0.61 - - SOUTH AFRICA 1.03 4.90 75.50 247.29 SUDAN 0.01 0.03 - -

  SAUDI ARABIA 2.67 7.24 6.14 18.05 TANZANIA 0.09 0.53 0.28 0.75 TAIWAN 1.75 4.41 1.25 3.38 U.S.A 557.44 1251.39 457.63 1275.79 U.K 265.97 729.01 141.66 541.04 U.A.E 7.93 16.52 3.98 11.32

  VIETNAM 61.00 110.44 16.25 15.93 ZAMBIA 0.75 0.86 - - OTHERS 0.50 1.36 - -

• GRAND TOTAL 1135.34 2761.82 838.04 2614.87

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF BLACK PEPPER WHOLE FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 142.33 254.18 191.75 429.33 ALBANIA 0.58 1.29 - - BULGARIA - - 27.60 59.03 BAHARAIN 17.77 38.56 23.44 63.12 BELGIUM 134.44 241.02 212.88 566.28

  BRAZIL 1.54 5.51 - - BOTSWANA - - 0.10 0.45 BENIN 0.03 0.09 0.01 0.04 CANADA 895.66 1548.99 543.71 1353.29 CHINA 49.00 112.40 20.00 60.85 CYPRUS 12.01 26.48 4.00 9.73 CHILE 7.30 12.31 2.80 8.30 CONGO 0.08 0.17 - - CROATIA 25.00 53.23 64.00 130.64 CZECH REPUBLIC 20.00 46.30 10.00 21.56 DENMARK 35.34 64.70 47.31 90.38 DJIBOUTI 1.00 1.85 - - EGYPT(A.R.E) - - 39.80 77.92 ESTONIA 52.42 89.60 107.26 248.41 FINLAND 37.90 87.78 12.75 35.74 FRANCE 121.69 220.05 177.22 408.89 FIJI 0.50 1.19 0.13 0.39 GREECE 32.93 69.72 0.50 1.43 GERMANY 159.06 272.16 326.88 794.63 GHANA 0.60 0.86 0.09 0.23 GUYANA - - - - HUNGARY 14.00 21.07 - -

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF BLACK PEPPER WHOLE FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 2

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• HONGKONG 40.39 83.53 140.50 358.93 HONDURAS - - 4.00 3.55

  ITALY 600.38 1083.03 519.25 1366.93

  IRELAND 2.66 7.95 0.66 1.75

  IRAN 110.10 233.33 131.38 396.17

  ISRAEL 64.00 120.41 79.75 185.82 JAPAN 441.16 846.05 382.73 1035.04 JAMAICA 25.00 34.05 75.00 185.30 KUWAIT 58.31 105.80 78.05 183.93 KOREA(SOUTH) 0.21 0.48 1.29 4.15 KENYA 0.42 0.56 0.55 0.95 LEBANON 0.03 0.11 - - MALDIVES 3.61 6.65 0.10 0.24 MALAYSIA 109.43 201.65 75.20 198.68 MAURITIUS 4.55 8.77 2.05 5.37 MALI - - 0.07 0.23 NORWAY 44.62 92.69 68.37 201.86 NETHERLANDS 196.66 357.17 90.31 211.05 NEPAL 71.29 147.48 0.30 0.83 NEW ZEALAND 12.45 29.85 22.82 74.71 NIGERIA 0.11 0.25 - - OMAN 3.18 5.79 2.76 9.36 POLAND 158.00 314.16 152.60 315.75 PAKISTAN 31.11 69.37 94.23 271.63 PHILLIPINES 57.10 109.53 25.60 68.05 QATAR 17.83 27.38 26.29 65.67 RUSSIA 30.00 53.20 103.00 241.20

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF BLACK PEPPER WHOLE FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 3

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• SINGAPORE 187.14 292.95 267.01 603.56 SWEDEN 297.55 524.63 642.60 1649.02 SPAIN 124.08 225.78 140.40 353.09 SWITZERLAND 1.32 5.34 - - SENEGAL 0.01 0.04 - -

  SEYCHELLES 0.50 0.96 0.75 1.86 SOUTH AFRICA 315.14 453.76 365.06 949.90 SURINAM - - 1.00 3.17 SAUDI ARABIA 86.50 171.02 78.22 193.64 ST. KITTS 0.01 0.02 - - THAILAND 4.02 11.04 - - TOGO 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.09 TRINIDAD - - 0.30 0.74 TURKEY 43.65 73.46 65.00 209.77 TAIWAN 102.53 189.41 43.75 119.31 U.S.A 4043.30 7262.94 3529.25 9194.04 U.K 327.37 649.87 331.13 915.58 U.A.E 299.14 560.52 388.86 1079.41 UKRAINE - - 55.00 160.31

  VENEZUELA - - 13.50 39.20

  VIETNAM 704.50 1094.95 1185.01 3174.07 ZAMBIA 0.33 0.43 - -

• GRAND TOTAL 10380.89 18625.93 10995.95 28394.56

  COUNTRY-WISE EXPORT OF WHITE PEPPER WHOLE FROM INDIA (QTY IN M.T ; VALUE IN RS.LAKHS ) Pg No: 1

• 2010 [JAN-DEC] 2011 [JAN-SEP] COUNTRY QTY VALUE QTY VALUE
• AUSTRALIA 72.48 199.53 64.77 261.77 BELGIUM 0.08 0.39 0.08 0.50 CANADA 3.08 9.25 - - CHINA 2.00 7.43 - - CHILE 1.50 3.26 - -

  DENMARK 2.18 5.88 - - ESTONIA - - 0.63 2.51 FINLAND 8.05 26.96 8.73 35.87 FRANCE 0.83 3.43 3.75 21.24 FIJI 0.08 0.21 - - GERMANY 5.80 23.41 7.31 34.48 HUNGARY 2.50 5.56 - - HONGKONG 0.02 0.08 - -