S PGSD 1008670 Table Of Content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK..................................................................................................................................i
KATA PENGANTAR..............................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR ISI.............................................................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................................................viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR...............................................................................................................ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN............................................................................................................x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah.................................................................................................1
B. Rumusan Masalah..........................................................................................................4
C. Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................................................4
D. Manfaat Hasil Penelitian................................................................................................5
E. Definisi Operasional.......................................................................................................5
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
A. Kajian Pustaka..............................................................................................................10
1. Hakekat Belajar, Pembelajaran IPA.......................................................................10
2. Pendekatan Kontekstual.........................................................................................14
a. Latar Belakang Filosofis Pembelajaran Kontekstual........................................14
b. Pengertian Pembelajaran Kontekstual..............................................................16
c. Karakteristik Pembelajaran Kontekstual..........................................................17
d. Komponen Utama Pendekatan Kontekstual.....................................................18
e. Langkah-langkah Penerapan CTL Dalam Pembelajaran..................................19
f. Perbedaan Pembelajaran Kontekstual dengan Pembelajaran Tradisional........21
3. Penerapan Pendekatan CTL dalam Pembelajaran IPA...........................................22
4. Hasil Belajar...........................................................................................................24
a. Pengertian Belajar.............................................................................................24
v
Asep Aliarahman, 2014
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pemebelajaran IPA di
Kelas tentang Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
b. Pengertian Hasil Belajar...................................................................................25
c. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar.............................................26
B. Kajian Hasil Penelitian Terdahulu Yang Relevan........................................................26
C. Konsep Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya..................................27
1. Jenis-jenis Makanan Hewan....................................................................................27
2. Menggolongkan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya.......................................30
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian.........................................................................................................34
B. Model Penelitian...........................................................................................................34
C. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian.......................................................................................36
1. Lokasi Penelitian....................................................................................................36
2. Subjek Penelitian....................................................................................................36
D. Prosedur Penelitian.......................................................................................................36
E. Instrumen Penelitian.....................................................................................................40
F. Pengolahan Data dan Analisis Data.............................................................................40
1. Analisis Data Kualitatif..........................................................................................41
2. Analisis Data Kuantitatif........................................................................................41
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian Tentang Tenaga Pendidik dan Murid.................................................45
1. Jumlah Tenaga Pendidik dan Murid.......................................................................45
B. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas..................................................................................46
1. Hasil Penelitian Awal.............................................................................................46
2. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I.........................................................................47
a. Perencanaan Pembelajaran...............................................................................47
b. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Tindakan Siklus I..................................................47
c. Hasil Penelitian Tentang Hasil Belajar (observasi)..........................................51
1) Analisis Hasil Observasi............................................................................51
2) Hasil Penilaian Sikap dalam Diskusi.........................................................57
3) Hasil Tes....................................................................................................58
d. Refleksi Tindakan Pembelajaran......................................................................61
vi
Asep Aliarahman, 2014
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pemebelajaran IPA di
Kelas tentang Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II........................................................................65
a. Perencanaan Pembelajaran...............................................................................65
b. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Tindakan Siklus II.................................................66
c. Hasil Penelitian Tentang Hasil Belajar (observasi)..........................................70
1) Analisis Hasil Observasi............................................................................70
2) Hasil Penilaian Sikap dalam Diskusi.........................................................76
3) Hasil Tes....................................................................................................78
d. Refleksi Tindakan Pembelajaran......................................................................81
C. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian........................................................................................84
1. Aktivitas Siswa.......................................................................................................84
2. Aktivitas Guru........................................................................................................88
3. Prestasi Belajar Siswa..........................................................................................100
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Simpulan.....................................................................................................................102
B. Rekomendasi..............................................................................................................103
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................................105
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN...................................................................................................107
DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP.............................................................................................222
vii
Asep Aliarahman, 2014
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pemebelajaran IPA di
Kelas tentang Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ABSTRAK..................................................................................................................................i
KATA PENGANTAR..............................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR ISI.............................................................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................................................viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR...............................................................................................................ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN............................................................................................................x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah.................................................................................................1
B. Rumusan Masalah..........................................................................................................4
C. Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................................................4
D. Manfaat Hasil Penelitian................................................................................................5
E. Definisi Operasional.......................................................................................................5
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
A. Kajian Pustaka..............................................................................................................10
1. Hakekat Belajar, Pembelajaran IPA.......................................................................10
2. Pendekatan Kontekstual.........................................................................................14
a. Latar Belakang Filosofis Pembelajaran Kontekstual........................................14
b. Pengertian Pembelajaran Kontekstual..............................................................16
c. Karakteristik Pembelajaran Kontekstual..........................................................17
d. Komponen Utama Pendekatan Kontekstual.....................................................18
e. Langkah-langkah Penerapan CTL Dalam Pembelajaran..................................19
f. Perbedaan Pembelajaran Kontekstual dengan Pembelajaran Tradisional........21
3. Penerapan Pendekatan CTL dalam Pembelajaran IPA...........................................22
4. Hasil Belajar...........................................................................................................24
a. Pengertian Belajar.............................................................................................24
v
Asep Aliarahman, 2014
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pemebelajaran IPA di
Kelas tentang Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
b. Pengertian Hasil Belajar...................................................................................25
c. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar.............................................26
B. Kajian Hasil Penelitian Terdahulu Yang Relevan........................................................26
C. Konsep Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya..................................27
1. Jenis-jenis Makanan Hewan....................................................................................27
2. Menggolongkan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya.......................................30
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian.........................................................................................................34
B. Model Penelitian...........................................................................................................34
C. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian.......................................................................................36
1. Lokasi Penelitian....................................................................................................36
2. Subjek Penelitian....................................................................................................36
D. Prosedur Penelitian.......................................................................................................36
E. Instrumen Penelitian.....................................................................................................40
F. Pengolahan Data dan Analisis Data.............................................................................40
1. Analisis Data Kualitatif..........................................................................................41
2. Analisis Data Kuantitatif........................................................................................41
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian Tentang Tenaga Pendidik dan Murid.................................................45
1. Jumlah Tenaga Pendidik dan Murid.......................................................................45
B. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas..................................................................................46
1. Hasil Penelitian Awal.............................................................................................46
2. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I.........................................................................47
a. Perencanaan Pembelajaran...............................................................................47
b. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Tindakan Siklus I..................................................47
c. Hasil Penelitian Tentang Hasil Belajar (observasi)..........................................51
1) Analisis Hasil Observasi............................................................................51
2) Hasil Penilaian Sikap dalam Diskusi.........................................................57
3) Hasil Tes....................................................................................................58
d. Refleksi Tindakan Pembelajaran......................................................................61
vi
Asep Aliarahman, 2014
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pemebelajaran IPA di
Kelas tentang Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3. Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II........................................................................65
a. Perencanaan Pembelajaran...............................................................................65
b. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Tindakan Siklus II.................................................66
c. Hasil Penelitian Tentang Hasil Belajar (observasi)..........................................70
1) Analisis Hasil Observasi............................................................................70
2) Hasil Penilaian Sikap dalam Diskusi.........................................................76
3) Hasil Tes....................................................................................................78
d. Refleksi Tindakan Pembelajaran......................................................................81
C. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian........................................................................................84
1. Aktivitas Siswa.......................................................................................................84
2. Aktivitas Guru........................................................................................................88
3. Prestasi Belajar Siswa..........................................................................................100
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI
A. Simpulan.....................................................................................................................102
B. Rekomendasi..............................................................................................................103
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................................105
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN...................................................................................................107
DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP.............................................................................................222
vii
Asep Aliarahman, 2014
Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pemebelajaran IPA di
Kelas tentang Penggolongan Hewan Berdasarkan Jenis Makanannya
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu