Profile Of Injection Drug Users (IDUs) In Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Profile of Injection Drug Users (IDUs)
in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Shelly Iskandar1 Yorisa Sativa2 Cor de Jong3 Teddy Hidayat1
Diba Basar1
1.Padjadjaran University/Hasan Sadikin Teaching Hospital Bandung Indonesia
2. Puskesmas Salam Bandung 3.Radboud UMC Nijmegen, Netherlands
Demographic Characteristics of IDUs (n=210)
Background
Indonesia has the fastest growing HIV-epidemic in Asia. Except for
Papua, the main route of transmission is injecting drug use (IDU). Much
is done to overcome this problem but there are still a lot of limitations.
For example, only less than 10% of IDUs access needle exchange and
methadone program in Bandung. Many IDUs only come to health care
center after they get AIDS. To develop a better prevention program, the
information about the problems, context, and behavior responsible for
HIV transmission are needed.
We conducted a survey among 210 IDUs in Bandung between June and
September 2008, using respondent-driven sampling, focusing on drug
use, risk behavior and knowledge about HIV. These are the first
descriptive results.
Method
Screening, give client
information & sign informed
consent
% male
92 %
Marital Status
• Ever married
• Never married
43 %
57 %
Education
• Senior High School
• Higher Education
78 %
16 %
Employment
• Full time
• Part time (regular)
• Part time (irregular)
• Unemployed
41 %
10 %
27 %
16 %
Living Area
Recruit another IDUs
which are eligible for the
interview
Come to interview Center
28 years ( 17 – 42)
Median age
2
1
PKM Salam
New repondents contact
interview center & make
an appointment
10
2
5
Interview
Get a coupon
(interview place)
31
16
7
16
7
11
Give free coupon for free testing
& treatment
6
Bring coupon to the
interview center
3
1
5
4
17
4
10
3
Free HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis
Test
Reward for interview session & 2
coupons for recruit another IDUs
5
3
7
4
HIV (+)
Payment for recruiting other
IDUs
Syphilis (+)
Free CD4 test & Chest
X-ray
1
3
3
1
11
2
Notes :
1.Kecamatan Sukasari
2.Kecamatan Sukajadi
3.Kecamatan Cicendo
4.Kecamatan Andir
5.Kecamatan Cidadap
6.Kecamatan Coblong
7.Kecamatan Bandung Wetan
8.Kecamatan Sumur Bandung
9.Kecamatan Cibeunying Kaler
10.Kecamatan Cibeunying Kidul
11.Kecamatan Kiara Condong
12.Kecamatan Batununggal
13.Kecamatan Lengkong
14.Kecamatan Regol
15.Kecamatan Astana Anyar
16.Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler
17.Kecamatan Bojongloa Kidul
18.Kecamatan BACIP (Bababakan Ciparay)
19.Kecamatan Bandung Kulon
20.Kecamatan Cicadas
21.Kecamatan Arcamanik
22.Kecamatan Ujungberung
23.Kecamatan Cibiru
24.Kecamatan Rancasari
25.Kecamatan Margacinta
26.Kecamatan Bandung Kidul
Free Syphilis
Treatment
Blood Borne Virus Transmission Risk in The Last 1 Month
If indicated, free ARV
treatment
This process (respondent driven sampling) is continued until the number of IDUs
recruited reach 210
Sharing tourniquet
24 %
Sharing water
23 %
Handled another person’s used needle when had cuts, sores or lesion
20 %
Sharing mixing container
16 %
Unprotected vaginal sex
41 %
Unprotected vaginal sex during menstruation
16 %
Unprotected anal sex
7%
Sharing razor
24 %
Sharing personal hygiene equipment
35 %
All respondents had history of IDU, starting at mean age of 18 years (range 11 – 21)
The mean number of years injecting drug was 7 years.
Conclusion
All of the substances above, except alcohol, inhalant & marijuana are ever injected. The most
problematic substance in IDUs perception is heroin. The median of months they can stop using drug
after treatment or by their own will is 2 months
Knowledge on HIV/AIDS
Question
True
(%)
Can people reduce their chances of getting the HIV/AIDS by using
a condom every time they have sex?
89
Can a person get HIV/AIDS by sharing food with a person who
has AIDS?
84
Can people reduce their chances of getting the HIV/AIDS by
taking herbal medicine or antibiotic before they have sexual
intercourse?
69
Can you tell from looking at a person if s/he has the HIV?
70
Can the virus that causes AIDS be transmitted from a mother to a
child during pregnancy?
79
Can HIV be transmitted by sharing needles?
97
HIV Test
no result
not tested
•
•
•
•
•
•
Many IDUs have good education, are employed & married
“Poly drug use” is common
IDUs engage in unsafe injecting & sexual risk behavior
Knowledge on HIV/AIDS among IDUs is quite good
75% of IDUs have been tested & 60% of those tested are HIV (+)
Addiction, harm reduction & HIV care have to be provided for
IDUs and their spouses
• Addiction care and harm reduction have to be established at
community level given the spread of IDUs across Bandung
• There is an opportunity for primary prevention at school
• Further research is needed to understand the gap between
knowledge and behavior
A project funded
by the European Union
in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Shelly Iskandar1 Yorisa Sativa2 Cor de Jong3 Teddy Hidayat1
Diba Basar1
1.Padjadjaran University/Hasan Sadikin Teaching Hospital Bandung Indonesia
2. Puskesmas Salam Bandung 3.Radboud UMC Nijmegen, Netherlands
Demographic Characteristics of IDUs (n=210)
Background
Indonesia has the fastest growing HIV-epidemic in Asia. Except for
Papua, the main route of transmission is injecting drug use (IDU). Much
is done to overcome this problem but there are still a lot of limitations.
For example, only less than 10% of IDUs access needle exchange and
methadone program in Bandung. Many IDUs only come to health care
center after they get AIDS. To develop a better prevention program, the
information about the problems, context, and behavior responsible for
HIV transmission are needed.
We conducted a survey among 210 IDUs in Bandung between June and
September 2008, using respondent-driven sampling, focusing on drug
use, risk behavior and knowledge about HIV. These are the first
descriptive results.
Method
Screening, give client
information & sign informed
consent
% male
92 %
Marital Status
• Ever married
• Never married
43 %
57 %
Education
• Senior High School
• Higher Education
78 %
16 %
Employment
• Full time
• Part time (regular)
• Part time (irregular)
• Unemployed
41 %
10 %
27 %
16 %
Living Area
Recruit another IDUs
which are eligible for the
interview
Come to interview Center
28 years ( 17 – 42)
Median age
2
1
PKM Salam
New repondents contact
interview center & make
an appointment
10
2
5
Interview
Get a coupon
(interview place)
31
16
7
16
7
11
Give free coupon for free testing
& treatment
6
Bring coupon to the
interview center
3
1
5
4
17
4
10
3
Free HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis
Test
Reward for interview session & 2
coupons for recruit another IDUs
5
3
7
4
HIV (+)
Payment for recruiting other
IDUs
Syphilis (+)
Free CD4 test & Chest
X-ray
1
3
3
1
11
2
Notes :
1.Kecamatan Sukasari
2.Kecamatan Sukajadi
3.Kecamatan Cicendo
4.Kecamatan Andir
5.Kecamatan Cidadap
6.Kecamatan Coblong
7.Kecamatan Bandung Wetan
8.Kecamatan Sumur Bandung
9.Kecamatan Cibeunying Kaler
10.Kecamatan Cibeunying Kidul
11.Kecamatan Kiara Condong
12.Kecamatan Batununggal
13.Kecamatan Lengkong
14.Kecamatan Regol
15.Kecamatan Astana Anyar
16.Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler
17.Kecamatan Bojongloa Kidul
18.Kecamatan BACIP (Bababakan Ciparay)
19.Kecamatan Bandung Kulon
20.Kecamatan Cicadas
21.Kecamatan Arcamanik
22.Kecamatan Ujungberung
23.Kecamatan Cibiru
24.Kecamatan Rancasari
25.Kecamatan Margacinta
26.Kecamatan Bandung Kidul
Free Syphilis
Treatment
Blood Borne Virus Transmission Risk in The Last 1 Month
If indicated, free ARV
treatment
This process (respondent driven sampling) is continued until the number of IDUs
recruited reach 210
Sharing tourniquet
24 %
Sharing water
23 %
Handled another person’s used needle when had cuts, sores or lesion
20 %
Sharing mixing container
16 %
Unprotected vaginal sex
41 %
Unprotected vaginal sex during menstruation
16 %
Unprotected anal sex
7%
Sharing razor
24 %
Sharing personal hygiene equipment
35 %
All respondents had history of IDU, starting at mean age of 18 years (range 11 – 21)
The mean number of years injecting drug was 7 years.
Conclusion
All of the substances above, except alcohol, inhalant & marijuana are ever injected. The most
problematic substance in IDUs perception is heroin. The median of months they can stop using drug
after treatment or by their own will is 2 months
Knowledge on HIV/AIDS
Question
True
(%)
Can people reduce their chances of getting the HIV/AIDS by using
a condom every time they have sex?
89
Can a person get HIV/AIDS by sharing food with a person who
has AIDS?
84
Can people reduce their chances of getting the HIV/AIDS by
taking herbal medicine or antibiotic before they have sexual
intercourse?
69
Can you tell from looking at a person if s/he has the HIV?
70
Can the virus that causes AIDS be transmitted from a mother to a
child during pregnancy?
79
Can HIV be transmitted by sharing needles?
97
HIV Test
no result
not tested
•
•
•
•
•
•
Many IDUs have good education, are employed & married
“Poly drug use” is common
IDUs engage in unsafe injecting & sexual risk behavior
Knowledge on HIV/AIDS among IDUs is quite good
75% of IDUs have been tested & 60% of those tested are HIV (+)
Addiction, harm reduction & HIV care have to be provided for
IDUs and their spouses
• Addiction care and harm reduction have to be established at
community level given the spread of IDUs across Bandung
• There is an opportunity for primary prevention at school
• Further research is needed to understand the gap between
knowledge and behavior
A project funded
by the European Union