A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES IN THE TRANSLATION OF HOLY AL-QUR’AN A Pragmatic Analysis Of Directive Utterances In The Translation Of Holy Al-Qur’an Particularly On The Verses Of Five Pillars Of Islam.
A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES
IN THE TRANSLATION OF HOLY AL-QUR’AN
PARTICULARLY ON THE VERSES OF
FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM
RESEACH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
of Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
English Department
By:
DESY NUR WAHYU NINGSIH
A 320100073
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
TESTIMONY
Here, the writer testifies that in this research paper there is no plagiarism
of the research that has been made before to complete bachelor degree in a
university and as long as the writer knows that there is also no work or opinion
which ever been published or composed by the other, except those which the
writing are referred in the manuscript and mentioned in the bibliography.
Therefore, if it proves that there are some untrue statements here, the writer will
be fully responsible.
Surakarta, May 2014
The Writer
Desy Nur Wahyu Ningsih
A320100073
iv
MOTTO
Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change
what is in themselves
(Qur’an: 13:11)
Man who waits for roast duck to fly into mouth must wait very, very long
time.
(Chinese Proverb)
Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a
tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid
(Albert Einstein)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
1. Allah SWT
2. My beloved parents (Mr. Ngadiran and Mrs. Samirah)
3. My beloved sister and brother (Mbak Budi and Maas Ari)
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
In the name of Allah the most gracious and the most merciful, I would like
to say thank to Allah SWT the almightily for mercy and blessing for the writer in
making research paper to fulfill one of requirement for the graduate degree of
education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The writer finally completes
her research paper entitled “A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE
UTTERANCES
IN
THE
TRANSLATION
OF
HOLY
AL-QUR’AN
PARTICULARLY ON THE VERSES OF FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM”
Sholawat and salam are also given to our great Prophet Muhammad SAW
who brought the mankind from the darkness into the lightness. In finishing this
research paper, the writer finds some problems and obstacles. So that this research
paper cannot be finished without help from the other who give support, guidance,
suggestion, and constructive criticism. Finally the she would like to express her
thanks for those who have helped her.
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno M. Hum, the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat S.Pd, M. Hum, Ph.D the Head of English Education
Department.
vii
3. Agus Wijayanto. Ph.D, the first consultant and the inspiring person for giving
her advice, guidance, help, and patience so that this research paper can be
finished well.
4. Dra.Siti Zuhriah, M. Hum, as the second consultant who gives correction,
input, and help to the writer so this research paper can be finished.
5. Dr. M Thoyibi, M.S., as the third consultant who has examined and corrected
her research paper.
6. Dr. Phil Dewi Chandraningrum, S.Pd., MA., as the academic consultant for
having guidance and help indirectly during the research’s study in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
7. All the lecturers in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving the
writer knowledge, help, and motivation for her research paper.
8. Her beloved father and mother Bapak Ngadiran and Ibu Samirah for their
expectation, love, support, and advice so that the writer is motivated to finish
her research paper.
9. Her beloved sister and brother Mbak Budi and Mas Ari who always give the
writer advice, spirit and love.
10. Her close friend Mas Kris Pantoro who changes the name skripsi into
sweetkripsi. He always gives the writer support, motivation, love and help in
finishing her research paper.
11. Her four best friends, Endang, Ipeh, Michan and Hima who always give
support and help each other. Thank you so much for the warm togetherness.
viii
12. Her beloved friendw in Class B Arif, Pria, Yohana, Madya, Dedy, Andre,
Sipit, Dwika, Akbar, Ika L, Ika M, Mega, Desi, Umi, Ajeng, Septi, Riyana,
Tina, Patmi, Oby, Musa, Wulan, Ciput, Putri, Wilda, Mimin, Arif Jenius, Ana.
Thank you for sharing assignment, joking, advice and the togetherness. The
writer will miss it.
13. Her friends in LPM Campus, Mas Miko, Mas Marno, Mas Agung, Mas Hary,
Mbak Nissa, Mbak Relis, Mbak Nana, Mbak Suci, Hanum, Taqin, Romi, Susi,
Uus, Ayu, Okta, Musliha, Yeyen, Abdul, Adnan, Intan, Rannisa, Mukhlis,
Rico, Agung, Ali, Esti, Mega, Riyeni, Dewi, thank you so much for the
experience, advice, love and warm togetherness. LPM Campus One step
forward!!
14. Her friends in Pak Cip boarding house, Mbak Inten, Mbak Encur, Sarah,
Romy, Amal, Arin, Ayuk, Noppi, thank you for your help and togetherness.
15. Her friends at home Mbak Deny, Dewi, Yuni, Emi, Tita and Diah who always
support each other.
16. Her friends in “sompil club” Galih, Exsan, Agus, Pii, Abid, Bayer, Linda,
Muji and Frida thank for the friendship from Senior High School until now
and hope will be forever.
17. All who cannot mention one by one in helping the writer in finishing this
research paper.
Finally, the writer realizes that this research paper is still far from being
perfect. The writer hopes and needs the constructive criticism and suggestion to
make this research paper better. To progress the next study, she invites the readers
ix
to give comments, criticism, and suggestion. The writer expects that this research
paper can be useful and give contribution to the other researcher.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, May 2014
The writer
Desy Nur Wahyu Ningsih
A320100073
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE…………………………………………………………..……............ i
APPROVAL………………………………………………………………..... ii
ACCEPTANCE………….……………………………..…………............... iii
TESTIMONY…………………………………………………………….… iv
MOTTO…………………………………………………………………….. v
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………..…….……… vii
TABLE OF CONTENT………………………………………………..….. ix
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………….………… xiv
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ……………..…....................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study…………………………………. 5
C. Problem Statement……………………………………… 6
D. Objective of the Study………………………………….. 6
E.
Benefit of the Study…………………………………….. 6
F.
Research Paper Organization…………………………….7
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Study ………………………………………… 9
B. Pragmatics………………………………………...…… 14
1. Notion of Pragmatics……………………………….. 14
2. Pragmatics principles………………………………. 15
a. Deixis………………………………………… 15
xi
b. Presupposition……………………………….. 16
c. Implicature…………………………………... 16
d. Entailment…………………………………… 17
e. Speech Act……………………….……….….. 18
C. Speech Act Theory…………………………...………. 18
1. The notion of speech act……………….………….. 18
2. Level of Speech act……………………….……….. 18
a. Locution…………………………….….……. 19
b. Illocution…………………………………..... 19
c. Perlocutionary……………………………….. 22
D. Linguistics Form……………………………………… 22
1. Word………………………………………………. 22
2. Phrase……………………………………………… 22
3. Clause…………………………..…………………. 22
4. Sentence…………………………………………… 23
E.
Translation of Al-Qur’an in the verses of five pillars of
Islam …………………………………………………..25
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of the Research………………………….……… 27
B. Object of the Research…………………………….…. 27
C. Data and Data Source………………………………… 27
D. Method of Collecting Data…………………………… 28
xii
E.
Technique of Analyzing Data………………………… 28
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis…………………………………………. 30
1. Illocution of Directive Utterances………….……. 30
a. Commanding……………………………. 30
b. Prohibiting………………………………… 58
c. Requesting………………………………… 66
2. Linguistics Form…………………………………… 67
a. Imperative Sentence………….…………….. 67
b. Declarative Sentence………………….…… 86
B. The Research Findings……………………… ………… 91
C. The Discussion of The Finding…………………………. 92
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion................................................................... 101
B. Suggestion................................................................... 102
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiii
ABSTRACT
Desy Nur Wahyu Ningsih. A320100073. “A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF
DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES IN THE TRANSLATION OF HOLY ALQUR’AN PARTICULARLY ON THE VERSES OF FIVE PILLARS OF
ISLAM”. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Research Paper. 2014.
This research is aimed of describing the intention and describing the form of
directive utterance. The object is directive utterances. The data are sentences
containing directive intention in the English translation of Holy Al-Qur’an
particularly on the verses of five pillars of Islam. In collecting the data, the writer
uses documentation method by selecting the directive utterance in the English
translation of Holy Al-Qur’an particularly on the verses of five pillars of Islam. To
describe the illocution, the writer uses pragmatic approach especially speech acts of
Kreidler’s theory. While to describe the form the writer refers to Frank’s theory. The
result of the study shows that (1) there are three types of intention that found in the
data; they are intention of commanding (71%), the intention of prohibiting (26%),
and the intention of requesting (3%). There are two types of sentence that can be
found in the data the first is imperative sentence (83%) and the second is declarative
sentence (17%).
Keyword: Directive utterance, Intention, Form, Al-Quran.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Agus Wijayanto. Ph.D.
Dra. Siti Zuhriah Aryatmi, M. Hum.
Dean
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno M. Hum
NIP:132049998
xiv
IN THE TRANSLATION OF HOLY AL-QUR’AN
PARTICULARLY ON THE VERSES OF
FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM
RESEACH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
of Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
English Department
By:
DESY NUR WAHYU NINGSIH
A 320100073
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
TESTIMONY
Here, the writer testifies that in this research paper there is no plagiarism
of the research that has been made before to complete bachelor degree in a
university and as long as the writer knows that there is also no work or opinion
which ever been published or composed by the other, except those which the
writing are referred in the manuscript and mentioned in the bibliography.
Therefore, if it proves that there are some untrue statements here, the writer will
be fully responsible.
Surakarta, May 2014
The Writer
Desy Nur Wahyu Ningsih
A320100073
iv
MOTTO
Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a people until they change
what is in themselves
(Qur’an: 13:11)
Man who waits for roast duck to fly into mouth must wait very, very long
time.
(Chinese Proverb)
Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a
tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid
(Albert Einstein)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
1. Allah SWT
2. My beloved parents (Mr. Ngadiran and Mrs. Samirah)
3. My beloved sister and brother (Mbak Budi and Maas Ari)
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
In the name of Allah the most gracious and the most merciful, I would like
to say thank to Allah SWT the almightily for mercy and blessing for the writer in
making research paper to fulfill one of requirement for the graduate degree of
education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The writer finally completes
her research paper entitled “A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE
UTTERANCES
IN
THE
TRANSLATION
OF
HOLY
AL-QUR’AN
PARTICULARLY ON THE VERSES OF FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM”
Sholawat and salam are also given to our great Prophet Muhammad SAW
who brought the mankind from the darkness into the lightness. In finishing this
research paper, the writer finds some problems and obstacles. So that this research
paper cannot be finished without help from the other who give support, guidance,
suggestion, and constructive criticism. Finally the she would like to express her
thanks for those who have helped her.
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno M. Hum, the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat S.Pd, M. Hum, Ph.D the Head of English Education
Department.
vii
3. Agus Wijayanto. Ph.D, the first consultant and the inspiring person for giving
her advice, guidance, help, and patience so that this research paper can be
finished well.
4. Dra.Siti Zuhriah, M. Hum, as the second consultant who gives correction,
input, and help to the writer so this research paper can be finished.
5. Dr. M Thoyibi, M.S., as the third consultant who has examined and corrected
her research paper.
6. Dr. Phil Dewi Chandraningrum, S.Pd., MA., as the academic consultant for
having guidance and help indirectly during the research’s study in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
7. All the lecturers in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving the
writer knowledge, help, and motivation for her research paper.
8. Her beloved father and mother Bapak Ngadiran and Ibu Samirah for their
expectation, love, support, and advice so that the writer is motivated to finish
her research paper.
9. Her beloved sister and brother Mbak Budi and Mas Ari who always give the
writer advice, spirit and love.
10. Her close friend Mas Kris Pantoro who changes the name skripsi into
sweetkripsi. He always gives the writer support, motivation, love and help in
finishing her research paper.
11. Her four best friends, Endang, Ipeh, Michan and Hima who always give
support and help each other. Thank you so much for the warm togetherness.
viii
12. Her beloved friendw in Class B Arif, Pria, Yohana, Madya, Dedy, Andre,
Sipit, Dwika, Akbar, Ika L, Ika M, Mega, Desi, Umi, Ajeng, Septi, Riyana,
Tina, Patmi, Oby, Musa, Wulan, Ciput, Putri, Wilda, Mimin, Arif Jenius, Ana.
Thank you for sharing assignment, joking, advice and the togetherness. The
writer will miss it.
13. Her friends in LPM Campus, Mas Miko, Mas Marno, Mas Agung, Mas Hary,
Mbak Nissa, Mbak Relis, Mbak Nana, Mbak Suci, Hanum, Taqin, Romi, Susi,
Uus, Ayu, Okta, Musliha, Yeyen, Abdul, Adnan, Intan, Rannisa, Mukhlis,
Rico, Agung, Ali, Esti, Mega, Riyeni, Dewi, thank you so much for the
experience, advice, love and warm togetherness. LPM Campus One step
forward!!
14. Her friends in Pak Cip boarding house, Mbak Inten, Mbak Encur, Sarah,
Romy, Amal, Arin, Ayuk, Noppi, thank you for your help and togetherness.
15. Her friends at home Mbak Deny, Dewi, Yuni, Emi, Tita and Diah who always
support each other.
16. Her friends in “sompil club” Galih, Exsan, Agus, Pii, Abid, Bayer, Linda,
Muji and Frida thank for the friendship from Senior High School until now
and hope will be forever.
17. All who cannot mention one by one in helping the writer in finishing this
research paper.
Finally, the writer realizes that this research paper is still far from being
perfect. The writer hopes and needs the constructive criticism and suggestion to
make this research paper better. To progress the next study, she invites the readers
ix
to give comments, criticism, and suggestion. The writer expects that this research
paper can be useful and give contribution to the other researcher.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, May 2014
The writer
Desy Nur Wahyu Ningsih
A320100073
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE…………………………………………………………..……............ i
APPROVAL………………………………………………………………..... ii
ACCEPTANCE………….……………………………..…………............... iii
TESTIMONY…………………………………………………………….… iv
MOTTO…………………………………………………………………….. v
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………..…….……… vii
TABLE OF CONTENT………………………………………………..….. ix
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………….………… xiv
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ……………..…....................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study…………………………………. 5
C. Problem Statement……………………………………… 6
D. Objective of the Study………………………………….. 6
E.
Benefit of the Study…………………………………….. 6
F.
Research Paper Organization…………………………….7
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Study ………………………………………… 9
B. Pragmatics………………………………………...…… 14
1. Notion of Pragmatics……………………………….. 14
2. Pragmatics principles………………………………. 15
a. Deixis………………………………………… 15
xi
b. Presupposition……………………………….. 16
c. Implicature…………………………………... 16
d. Entailment…………………………………… 17
e. Speech Act……………………….……….….. 18
C. Speech Act Theory…………………………...………. 18
1. The notion of speech act……………….………….. 18
2. Level of Speech act……………………….……….. 18
a. Locution…………………………….….……. 19
b. Illocution…………………………………..... 19
c. Perlocutionary……………………………….. 22
D. Linguistics Form……………………………………… 22
1. Word………………………………………………. 22
2. Phrase……………………………………………… 22
3. Clause…………………………..…………………. 22
4. Sentence…………………………………………… 23
E.
Translation of Al-Qur’an in the verses of five pillars of
Islam …………………………………………………..25
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of the Research………………………….……… 27
B. Object of the Research…………………………….…. 27
C. Data and Data Source………………………………… 27
D. Method of Collecting Data…………………………… 28
xii
E.
Technique of Analyzing Data………………………… 28
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis…………………………………………. 30
1. Illocution of Directive Utterances………….……. 30
a. Commanding……………………………. 30
b. Prohibiting………………………………… 58
c. Requesting………………………………… 66
2. Linguistics Form…………………………………… 67
a. Imperative Sentence………….…………….. 67
b. Declarative Sentence………………….…… 86
B. The Research Findings……………………… ………… 91
C. The Discussion of The Finding…………………………. 92
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion................................................................... 101
B. Suggestion................................................................... 102
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiii
ABSTRACT
Desy Nur Wahyu Ningsih. A320100073. “A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF
DIRECTIVE UTTERANCES IN THE TRANSLATION OF HOLY ALQUR’AN PARTICULARLY ON THE VERSES OF FIVE PILLARS OF
ISLAM”. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Research Paper. 2014.
This research is aimed of describing the intention and describing the form of
directive utterance. The object is directive utterances. The data are sentences
containing directive intention in the English translation of Holy Al-Qur’an
particularly on the verses of five pillars of Islam. In collecting the data, the writer
uses documentation method by selecting the directive utterance in the English
translation of Holy Al-Qur’an particularly on the verses of five pillars of Islam. To
describe the illocution, the writer uses pragmatic approach especially speech acts of
Kreidler’s theory. While to describe the form the writer refers to Frank’s theory. The
result of the study shows that (1) there are three types of intention that found in the
data; they are intention of commanding (71%), the intention of prohibiting (26%),
and the intention of requesting (3%). There are two types of sentence that can be
found in the data the first is imperative sentence (83%) and the second is declarative
sentence (17%).
Keyword: Directive utterance, Intention, Form, Al-Quran.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Agus Wijayanto. Ph.D.
Dra. Siti Zuhriah Aryatmi, M. Hum.
Dean
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno M. Hum
NIP:132049998
xiv