TUGAS AKHIR - PERENCANAAN PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN OFFICE CENTRE ANFEN SEMARANG - Unika Repository
TUGAS AKHIR
PERENCANAAN PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN
OFFICE CENTRE ANFEN SEMARANG
Diajukan Sebagai Syarat Menyelesaikan Pendidikan Tingkat Sarjana Strata 1 (S-1)
Pada Program Studi Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata
Disusun Oleh :
Andre 13.12.0027Stefen Sambuhak 13.12.0036
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
SEMARANG
2018
KARTU ASISTENSI
KARTU ASISTENSI
KARTU ASISTENSI
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan juga syukur penulis ucapkan kepada Tuhan YME karena dengan berkat dan juga rahmat-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan dari tugas akhir(TA) yang berjudul “Perencanaan Proyek Pembangunan Office Centre AnFen Semarang” yang telah melewati berbagai tahapan.
Proses pembuatan tugas akhir ini penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada banyak pihak yang sudah membantu.
1. Ir. David Widianto, MT. dan Ir. Widija Suseno, M.T. Selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah membimbing kami dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini dari awal hingga akhir. Memberikan masukkan baik dalam segi akademik maupun non akademik berupa masukan moral sebagai seorang mahasiswa. Serta sebagai dosen penguji kami yang memberi perbaikan bila jawaban kami kurang tepat.
2. Dr. Hermawan, ST. MT. dan Ir. RM Endro Giyanto, MM Selaku dosen penguji yang memberikan masukkan serta koreksi pada laporan tugas akhir, sehingga kekurangan yang terdapat dalam laporan kami dapat diperbaiki guna memberikan laporan yang lebih baik lagi. Selain memberikan masukkan dalam laporan, beliau-beliau juga memberikan masukan kepada kami, bilamana pemahaman kami tentang dasar teori maupun pengetahuan kami yang dalam penyampaiannya masih kurang didalam proses sidang.
3. Teman-teman Selaku rekan satu angkatan yang memberikan bantuan dalam hal referensi bilamana tugas akhir mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari bahan untuk penyusunan laporan tugas akhir ini. Serta dukungan ucapan semangat yang sering diucapkan selama kami menyusun laporan tugas akhir ini.
Hormat, Penulis
DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ············································································· i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR ············································· ii
LAMPIRAN KEPUTUSAN REKTOR····················································· iv
KARTU ASISTENSI ············································································· v
KATA PENGANTAR ··········································································· viii
DAFTAR ISI ······················································································· ix
DAFTAR TABEL ··········································································· xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ········································································ xiii
DAFTAR NOTASI ··············································································· xv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ·································································· 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ······························································· 1
1.2 Lokasi Proyek ································································· 2
1.3 Data Proyek ··································································· 3
1.4 Tujuan Penulisan ····························································· 3
1.5 Pembatasan Masalah ························································ 4
1.6 Sistematika Penyusunan ···················································· 5
BAB II PERENCANAAN STRUKTUR ················································ 7
2.3 Landasan Teori ······························································· 8
2.2 Modifikasi Perencanaan Gedung ········································· 8
2.3.2 Pembebanan Gempa Menggunakan Analisa Statistik Elivalen ·· 9
2.3.3 Perhitungan Plat Lantai ················································ 10
2.3.4 Perhitungan Tangga ···················································· 11
2.3.5 Perhitungan Balok ······················································ 11
2.3.6 Perhitungan Kolom ····················································· 13
2.3.7 Perhitungan Pondasi Tiang Pancang ································· 15
2.3.8 Perhitungan Pile Cap ··················································· 17
2.3.9 Perhitungan Tie Beam ·················································· 17
2.1 Uraian Umum ································································· 7
2.3.1 Pembebanan ····························································· 9
2.3.10 Shear Wall ······························································ 17
2.4 Asumsi-asumsi ································································ 18
BAB III METODE PERENCANAAN ·················································· 20
3.1 Tinjauan Umum ······························································ 20
3.2 Pelaksanaan Pembangunan ················································ 21
3.3 Flow Chart tugas akhir ······················································ 22
3.4 Time Schedule Perencanaan Proyek Pembangunan Office Centre AnFen ··········································································· 23
BAB IV PERHITUNGAN STRUKTUR ··············································· 24
4.1 Perhitungan Plat Lantai ···················································· 24
4.1.1 Perencanaan Pembebanan Plat lantai ······························· 24
4.1.2 Penentuan Tebal Plat Lantai ·········································· 24
4.1.3 Perhitungan Plat lantai Ground Floor ······························ 25
4.1.4 Perhitungan Plat Lantai 1-5 ··········································· 32
4.2 Perhitungan Tangga ························································· 39
4.2.1 Pembebanan Tangga ··················································· 40
4.2.2 Penulangan Tangga ···················································· 41
4.3 Perhitungan Gaya Gempa ·················································· 44
4.3.1 Perhitungan Gaya Geser Dasar Horisontal Total ·················· 44
4.3.2 Perhitngan Pembebanan Gempa ····································· 47
4.4 Perhitungan Penulangan Balok ··········································· 55
4.4.1 Penulangan Lentur Balok ············································· 55
4.4.2 Penulangan Lentur Balok ············································· 65
4.5 Perhitungan Penulangan Kolom ·········································· 76
4.5.1 Desain Penampang Kolom ··········································· 76
4.5.2 Desain Tulangan Lentur Kolom ····································· 77
4.5.3 Desain Penulangan Geser Kolom ···································· 79
4.5.4 Cek Keruntuhan Kolom ··············································· 80
4.6 Perhitungan Dinding Geser (Shear Wall) ······························· 81
4.7 Perhitungan Pile Cap ··········································································· 83
4.7.1 Perhitungan Pile Cap ·················································· 83
4.7.2 Perhitungan Tulangan Pile Cap ······································ 91
4.8 Perhitungan Tie Beam ······················································· 93
4.9 Perencanaan Tiang Pancang··············································· 98
4.10 Perencanaan Dak Atap ···················································· 101
BAB V RENCANA KERJA DAN SYARAT-SYARAT (RKS) ··················· 108
5.1 Syarat-Syarat Teknis Pekerjaan Struktur ······························ 108
5.2 Pekerjaan Persiapan ························································· 109
5.3 Pekerjaan Tanah ····························································· 111
5.4 Pekerjaan Pondasi Tiang Pancang ······································· 114
5.5 Pekerjaan Beton Bertulang Cor Ditempat ······························ 117
BAB VI RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA (RAB) ·································· 122
6.1 Analisis Biaya Konstruksi ················································· 122
6.2 Kurva S ········································································ 144
BAB VI I KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ··············································· 145
7.1 Kesimpulan ··································································· 145
7.2 Saran ··········································································· 146
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ······································································· 147
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 Elevasi dan Luas Gedung ........................................................................... 3Tabel 1.2 Koefisien Gempa yang Membatasi Waktu Getar Alami Fundamental...... 4Tabel 1.3 Koefisien untuk Batas Atas Pada Periode yang Dihitung .......................... 4Tabel 3.1 Jadwal Penyusunan Tugas Akhir (schedule) ............................................. 22Tabel 4.1 Penentuan Nilai C x Plat Ground Floor ...................................................... 27Tabel 4.2 Penentuan Nilai C y Plat Ground Floor ...................................................... 28Tabel 4.3 Penentuan Nilai C x Plat Lantai 1-5 ............................................................ 34Tabel 4.4 Penentuan Nilai C Plat Lantai 1-5 ............................................................ 35y
Tabel 4.5 Menentukan Tulangan Pokok .................................................................... 44Tabel 4.6 Menentukan Tulangan Melintang .............................................................. 45Tabel 4.7 Ukuran Tie Beam, Balok dan Kolom ......................................................... 45Tabel 4.8 Berat Total Struktur ................................................................................... 47Tabel 4.9 Faktor Keruntuhan Gempa ......................................................................... 47Tabel 4.10 Koefisien Situs, F a .................................................................................... 49 Tabel 4.11 Koefisien Situs, F v ...........................................................................................................................50 Tabel 4.12 Kategori Desain Gempa Berdasarkan Parameter Percepatan Respon Period Pendek ............................................................................................................ 51
Tabel 4.13 Kategori Desain Gempa Berdasarkan Parameter Percepatan ResponPeriod 1 detik ............................................................................................................. 51
Tabel 4.14 Faktor R, Cd, dan Ω Untuk Sistem Penahan Gempa52 ............................................
Tabel 4.15 Distribusi Gaya Geser Horisontal Total Akibat Gempa .......................... 54Tabel 4.16 Gaya Geser Horizontal Gempa X dan Y .................................................. 55Tabel 4.17 Waktu Getar Struktur Dalam Arah x ....................................................... 56Tabel 4.18 Waktu Getar Struktur Dalam Arah y ....................................................... 56Tabel 4.19 Penentuan Nilai C x Perhitungan Plat Lantai 1-5 ...................................... 104Tabel 4.20 Penentuan Nilai C y Perhitungan Plat Lantai 1-5 ...................................... 104Tabel 6.1 Perhitungan Volume .................................................................................. 123Tabel 6.2 Rekapitulasi Harga ..................................................................................... 140DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Lokasi Proyek Pembangunan Office Centre AnFen Pringgading ......... 2Gambar 1.2 Gempa Maksimum yang Dipertimbangkan Resiko-Tertarget ............... 4Gambar 2.1 Perhitungan Data Dukung Ujung ........................................................... 15Gambar 3.1 Flowchart Tugas Akhir .......................................................................... 21Gambar 4.1 Plat Lantai Ground Floor ....................................................................... 26Gambar 4.2 Penulangan Plat Lantai 1-5 .................................................................... 32Gambar 4.3 Denah Tangga Lantai Dasar ................................................................... 39Gambar 4.4 Pembebanan Tangga .............................................................................. 39Gambar 4.5 Hasil SAP Momen Tangga Basement .................................................... 41Gambar 4.6 Peta Spektral Percepatan 0,2 detik ......................................................... 47Gambar 4.7 Peta Spektral Percepatan 1 detik ............................................................ 48Gambar 4.8 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Lentur Balok Bagian Tumpuan ............. 56Gambar 4.9 Detail Penulangan Lentur Balok Tipe 1 Bagian Tumpuan .................... 58Gambar 4.10 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Lentur Balok Bagian Lapangan ........... 58Gambar 4.11 Detail Penulangan Lentur Balok Tipe 1 Bagian Lapangan .................. 60Gambar 4.12 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Geser Maksimum Balok Tipe 1 ........... 60Gambar 4.13 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Torsi Balok Tipe 1 ............................... 62Gambar 4.14 Detail Penulangan Torsi Balok Tipe 1 ................................................. 65Gambar 4.15 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Lentur Balok Bagian Tumpuan ........... 65Gambar 4.16 Detail Penulangan Lentur Balok Tipe 2 Bagian Tumpuan .................. 67Gambar 4.17 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Lentur Balok Bagian Lapangan ........... 68Gambar 4.18 Detail Penulangan Lentur Balok Tipe 2 Bagian Lapangan .................. 70Gambar 4.19 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Geser Maksimum Balok Tipe 2 ........... 70Gambar 4.20 Momen dari SAP Penulangan Torsi Balok Tipe 2 ............................... 72Gambar 4.21 Detail Penulangan Torsi Balok Tipe 2 ................................................. 75Gambar 4.22 Nilai dari SAP .................................................................................. 76P
u
Gambar 4.23 Momen dari SAP untuk Penampang Kolom ........................................ 76Gambar 4.24 Detail Penulangan Lentur Kolom ........................................................ 78Gambar 4.25 Detail Penulangan Geser Maksimum Kolom dari SAP ....................... 78Gambar 4.26 Pembebanan Shear Wall ...................................................................... 81Gambar 4.27 Detail Shear Wall ................................................................................. 82Gambar 4.28 Dimensi Pile Cap 1 .............................................................................. 83Gambar 4.29 Dimensi Pile Cap 2 .............................................................................. 87Gambar 4.30 Detail Penulangan Lentur Tie Beam Bagian Tumpuan ....................... 95Gambar 4.31 Detail Penulangan Lentur Tie Beam Bagian Lapangan ...................... 97Gambar 4.32 Denah Tiang Pancang Diameter 60 cm ................................................ 100Gambar 4.33 Plat Dak Atap ....................................................................................... 102DAFTAR NOTASI
Perhitungan Pondasi '
e
= Daya Dukung Ujung q
2
= Tegangan Referensi = 2000 lb/ft = 100 kPa σ
r
= Nilai SPT antara Dasar Pondasi dan Panjang Dua Kali Lebar N
60 Penampang '
er
= Reduksi Daya Dukung Ujung q
= Lebar Referensi = 1,0 ft = 0,3 m = 12 in = 300 mm B
r
= Diameter Dasar Pondasi, mm B
b
s
= Daya Dukung Gesekan Selimut, (kN) f
2
'= Tegangan Efektif Vertikal (t/m ) σ
v = Kedalaman dari Permukaan Tanah sampai Tengah Lapisan, mm.
z = Beta
β = Daya Dukung Selimut (kN)
P
s 2 '
= Daya Dukung Ijin Pondasi (kN/m ) P
a
3
= Berat Jenis Air (kg/m ) γ
w
3
= Berat Jenis Tanah (t/m ) γ
Perhitungan Pilecap '
= lebar penampang kritis, mm B
p
= lebar pilecap, mm l
k
= lebar kolom, mm l q
'
s
= modulus elastisitas beton, MPa b = lebar balok, mm d = jarak dari serat tekan terluar ke titik berat tulangan longitudinal, mm
= bentang tie beam, mm E
4
L sI = momen inersia penampang, mm
= perbedaan penurunan antar pondasi, mm
S
∆
2
= luas tulangan minimum, mm
s min
A
Perhitungan Tie Beam
= konstanta perhitungan pondasi telapak
= keliling kritis pondasi telapak, mm ∝
= berat pilecap pada penampang kritis, kg/m M
o
= lebar kolom, mm d = tinggi efektif pondasi, mm b
k
= kuat leleh baja, MPa d = jarak dari serat tekan terluar ke titik berat tulangan longitudinal, mm a = tinggi blok tegangan persegi ekuivalen, mm bk = panjang kolom, mm a
y
' = kuat tekan beton, MPa f
c
f
2
= luas tulangan, mm
s
= momen terfaktor pada penampang, kNm A
u
φ = faktor reduksi kekuatan geser, 0,75.
V
= kuat leleh baja, psi A
u
= beban aksial terfaktor, kip M
u
= momen terfaktor pada penampang, ft-kip f
c
' = kuat tekan beton, psi f
y
s
Perhitungan Kolom
= luas tulangan kolom, in
2 A g
= luas bruto penampang, in
2 A v
= luas tulangan geser, in
2 A st
= luas total tulangan longitudinal, in
2 P n
P
y = kuat leleh baja, MPa.
n = tegangan gesr nominal, N.
A
V
u = gaya geser terfaktor, N.
V
c = kuat geser nominal yang disumbangkan oleh beton, N.
V
s = kuat geser nominal yang disumbangkan oleh tulangan, N.
N
u = gaya tarik terfaktor, N.
g
' = kuat tekan beton, MPa. f
= luas penampang beton, mm
2 .
A
v
= luas tulangan geser, mm
2 .
s = jarak tulangan geser, mm. f
c