LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM GALERI DAN STUDIO SENI LUKIS DI SEMARANG

Periode LXXII, Semester Gasal, Tahun 2017/2018 LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM GALERI DAN STUDIO SENI LUKIS DI SEMARANG Tema Desain

  Arsitektur Organik

Fokus Kajian

  Kenyamanan Visual

Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Arsitektur Disusun oleh :

  Luthfi Giffari Ruliandono NIM : 13.11.0108

  Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Etty Endang Listiati, MT.

  NIDN : 0617025701

  PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA September 2017

  Puji dan syukur penulis ucapakan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmatnya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan proposal proyek akhir arsitektur yang berjudul Galeri dan Studio Seni Lukis di Semarang ini dengan baik.

  Tidak lupa juga penulis ucapakan terimakasih kepada:

  1. Ibu Dra. B. Tyas Susanti MA. PhD., selaku Dekan Fakutas Arsitektur dan Desain.

  2. Ibu MD. Nestri Kiswari, ST. MSc., selaku Ketua Jurusan Program Studi Arsitektur.

  3. Bapak Ir. Fx. Bambang Suskiyatno MT. selaku Dosen Koordinator Projek Akhir Arsitektur 72.

  4. Ibu Ir. Etty Endang Listiati, MT. selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah memberikan kritik, saran, dan masukan selama proses pembutaan hingga penyelesain proposal ini.

  5. Orang tua dan keluarga penulis yang senantiasa mendoakan keberhasilan pembuatan proposal ini.

  6. Rekan dan sahabat penulis yang telah memberikan dukungan kepada penulis.

  7. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu. Akhir kata, penulis berharap semoga proposal ini dapat bermanfaat sebagaimana mestinya, Amin.

  Semarang, 4 September 2017 Penulis

  LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .......................................................................... i PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ................................................................ iii PRAKATA ................................................................................................. iv DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................. v DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR DIAGRAM ................................................................................. xv

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

ANALISA PENDEKATAN PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR ........................... 81

  3.1.1 Studi Aktifitas-Pola Kegiatan-Sifat Kegiatan ........................ 81

  4.1.3 Aspek Citra Fungsi ............................................................. 163

  4.3.2 Program Sistem Struktur .................................................... 178

  4.3.1 Program Kegiatan .............................................................. 167

  

4.3 Program Arsitektur ................................................................. 167

  4.2.3 Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan ...................................... 166

  4.2.2 Faktor Penentu Perancangan ............................................ 166

  4.2.1 Tujuan Perancangan .......................................................... 164

  

4.2 Tujuan Perancangan, Faktor Penentu Perancangan ........... 164

  4.1.5 Aspek Ramah Lingkungan ................................................. 164

  4.1.4 Aspek Citra Teknologi ........................................................ 164

  4.1.2 Aspek Performance Arsitektural ......................................... 162

  3.1.2 Studi Fasilitas ...................................................................... 98

  4.1.1 Aspek Citra Arsitektural ...................................................... 162

  

4.1 Konsep Program ..................................................................... 162

  

BAB IV GALERI DAN STUDIO SENI LUKIS DI SEMARANG.............. 162

PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR .................................................................... 162

  3.3.2 Analisa Pemilihan Tapak ................................................... 155

  3.3.1 Analisa Pemilihan Lokasi .................................................. 149

  

3.3 Analisa Konteks Lingkungan ................................................. 149

  3.2.3 Studi Pemanfaatan Teknologi ............................................ 148

  3.2.2 Studi Sistem Utilitas .......................................................... 139

  3.2.1 Studi SIstem struktur dan Eclosure ................................... 130

  

3.2 Studi Sistem Struktur ............................................................. 130

  4.3.3 Program Sistem Utilitas ...................................................... 180

  4.3.5 Program Lokasi dan Tapak ................................................ 181

  

BAB V GALERI DAN STUDIO SENI LUKIS DI SEMARANG............... 188

KAJIAN TEORI ...................................................................................... 188

  

5.1 Kajian Teori Penekanan / Tema Desain ................................ 188

  5.1.1 Uraian Interpresasi dan Elaborasi Penekanan Desain ....... 188

  5.1.2 Studi Preseden ................................................................... 192

  5.1.3 Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Tema Desain ................... 195

  

5.2 Kajian Teori Permasalahan Dominan .................................... 196

  5.2.1 Uraian Interpresasi dan Elaborasi Teori Permasalahan Dominan… ....................................................................................... 196

  5.2.2 Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Permasalahan Dominan .. 203

  

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..............................................................................205

LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................208

Gambar 2.1 Jarak Pandang Mata Terhadap Lukisan .............................. 23Gambar 2.2 Kemampuan Gerak Anatomi Manusia ................................. 23Gambar 2.3 Sudut Pandang Mata ........................................................... 24Gambar 2.4 Penyaringan Sinar Matahari ................................................. 25Gambar 2.5 Sistem Pencahayaan Buatan ............................................... 25Gambar 2.6 Konsep Studio Melukis......................................................... 27Gambar 2.7 Studio Seniman .................................................................... 28Gambar 2.8 Lukisan Hyper realist ........................................................... 31Gambar 2.9 Lukisan Kopi ........................................................................ 32Gambar 2.10 Lukisan Romantisme.......................................................... 32Gambar 2.11 Lukisan Pointilis ................................................................. 32Gambar 2.12 Lukisan Mural ..................................................................... 33Gambar 2.13 Lukisan bidang 3D ............................................................. 33Gambar 2.14 Lukisan bidang 3D ............................................................. 34Gambar 2.15 Studio Bekerja Seniman..................................................... 41Gambar 2.16 Standar Ruang Fasilitas Melukis ........................................ 46Gambar 2.17 Standar Ruang Fasilitas Melukis ........................................ 47Gambar 2.18 Theater Outdoor ................................................................. 48Gambar 2.19 Pelukis Dengan Teknik Terbalik ......................................... 49Gambar 2.20 Pelukis Teknik Happening Art ............................................ 49Gambar 2.21 Wisma Seni ........................................................................ 51Gambar 2.22 Perpustakaan Galeri Seni .................................................. 52Gambar 2.23 Standar Ruang Perpustakaan ............................................ 52Gambar 2.25 Desain Meja Cafe .............................................................. 54Gambar 2.26 Desain Pameran Outdoor .................................................. 60Gambar 2.27 Desain Pameran Outdoor .................................................. 61Gambar 2.28 Desain Pameran Outdoor .................................................. 61Gambar 3.1 Jarak Pandang Lukisan...................................................... 105Gambar 3.2 Pondasi Sumuran .............................................................. 131Gambar 3.3 Pondasi Batu Kali Setempat .............................................. 131Gambar 3.4 Pondasi Footplat ................................................................ 132Gambar 3.5 Dinding Bata Merah ........................................................... 132Gambar 3.6 Dinding Hebel .................................................................... 133Gambar 3.7 Dinding Adesit .................................................................... 133Gambar 3.8 Wallpaper Dinding dengan tangan ..................................... 133Gambar 3.9 Wallpaper Dinding dengan Kapur ...................................... 134Gambar 3.10 Dinding Tanaman ............................................................. 134Gambar 3.11 Dinding Roster ................................................................. 134Gambar 3.12 Dinding Kaca .................................................................... 135Gambar 3.13 Dinding ACP .................................................................... 135Gambar 3.14 Dinding Kayu .................................................................... 135Gambar 3.15 Lantai Kayu ...................................................................... 136Gambar 3.16 Lantai Keramik bekas....................................................... 136Gambar 3.17 Lantai Grass block ........................................................... 136Gambar 3.18 Plafond Kayu .................................................................... 136Gambar 3.19 Plafond Bambu ................................................................ 136Gambar 3.21 Retaining Wall .................................................................. 137Gambar 3.22 Sengkedan ....................................................................... 137Gambar 3.23 Space Frame ................................................................... 138Gambar 3.24 Green Roof ...................................................................... 138Gambar 3.25 Safety Glass ................................................................. ....138Gambar 3.26 Baja Ringan ................................................................. ....139Gambar 3.27 P olycarbonate .............................................................. ....139Gambar 3.28 Down Light ................................................................... ....140Gambar 3.29 SpotLight ..................................................................... ....140Gambar 3.30 Lampu Neon / Bak Kayu .............................................. ....141Gambar 3.31 Penghawaan Alami ...................................................... ....141Gambar 3.32 Main Control Panel ...................................................... ....143Gambar 3.33 Falme Detector ............................................................ ....144Gambar 3.34 Heat Detector ............................................................... ....144Gambar 3.35 Fire Hydrant System .................................................... ....144Gambar 3.36 Hydrant Box ................................................................. ....144Gambar 3.37 Apar ............................................................................. ....145Gambar 3.38 Sprinkle ........................................................................ ....145Gambar 3.39 Light Shelves ............................................................... ....148

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Gambar 3.40 olar Tube ................................................................... ....148Gambar 3.41 Peta BWK II Kota Semarang ........................................ ....150Gambar 3.42 Peta BWK II Kota Semarang ........................................ ....151Gambar 3.43 Tampak atas site .......................................................... ....156Gambar 4.1 Tampak atas site ............................................................ ....177Gambar 4.2 Retaining Wall ................................................................ ....181Gambar 4.3 Tampak atas site ............................................................ ....183Gambar 5.1 Bangunan Arsitektur Organik ......................................... ....188Gambar 5.2 Penerapan Arsitektur Organik ........................................ ....192Gambar 5.3 Penerapan Arsitektur Organik ........................................ ....193Gambar 5.4 Ward Willits House ......................................................... ....195Gambar 5.5 Lampu Downlight ........................................................... ....200Gambar 5.6 Lampu Uplight ................................................................ ....200Tabel 2.1 Tinggi Rata – Rata Pandangan Mata Manusia ........................ 23Tabel 2.2 Standar Ruang Fasilitas Melukis .............................................. 47Tabel 2.3 Kebutuhan Ruang Berdasarkan Pelaku dan Aktivitas .............. 55Tabel 2.4 Aktivitas dan Fasilitas Selasar Sunaryo ................................... 74Tabel 2.5 Analisa Kelebihan .................................................................... 75Tabel 2.6 Analisa Kekurangan ................................................................. 76Tabel 3.1 Pembagian waktu studio melukis ............................................. 88Tabel 3.2 Kelompok dan jumlah pengelola ............................................. 89Tabel 3.3 Perbandingan Pengunjung Proyek sejenis .............................. 98Tabel 3.4 Pola Kebutuhan ruang, Sifat Ruang ......................................... 99Tabel 3.5 Tinggi Rata-rata Manusia Indonesia ..................................... 105Tabel 3.6 Perhitungan Studi Ruang Khusus .......................................... 110Tabel 3.7 Perhitungan Besaran Ruang .................................................. 116Tabel 3.8 Luasan Total Fasilitas Galeri dan Studio Seni ....................... 126Tabel 3.9 Kebutuhan Ruang Parkir ........................................................ 128Tabel 3.10 Kriteria Penilaian Tapak ....................................................... 151Tabel 3.11 Tabel Analisa Pemilihan Tapak ............................................ 159Tabel 3.12 Tabel Pemilihan Tapak ........................................................ 160Tabel 4.1 Program Kegiatan .................................................................. 167Tabel 4.2 Total Luas Area Galeri dan Studio Seni ................................. 173Tabel 4.3 Kebutuhan Ruang Parkir ........................................................ 174Tabel 4.4 Sistem Struktur ...................................................................... 178Tabel 4.5 Sistem Utilitas ........................................................................ 180Tabel 4.7 Pemilihan Vegetasi ................................................................ 184

  Diagram 2.1 Latar Belakang Pembangunan Galeri dan Studio Seni ....... 16 Diagram 2.2 Struktur Organisasi Galeri dan Studi Seni ........................... 35 Diagram 3.1 Pengelompokan Aktivitas .................................................... 81 Diagram 3.2 Kategori Kegiatan Pengunjung ............................................ 85 Diagram 3.3 Pola Kegiatan Pelaku Seni .................................................. 91 Diagram 3.4 Pola Kedatangan dan Kepergian Pengunjung ..................... 91 Diagram 3.5 Pola Aktivitas Bagian Pengelola .......................................... 92 Diagram 3.6 Pola Aktivitas Pimpinan Galeri dan Studio Seni .................. 92 Diagram 3.7 Pola Aktivitas Bendahara dan Sekretaris ............................ 92 Diagram 3.8 Pola Aktivitas Bagian Koleksi dan Perawatan ..................... 93 Diagram 3.9 Pola Aktivitas Kepala dan Staff Pameran ........................... 93 Diagram 3.10 Pola Aktivitas Koordinator Gudang .................................... 93 Diagram 3.11 Pola Aktivitas Kepala Administrasi ................................... 94 Diagram 3.12 Pola Aktivitas Bagian Teknis dan Pemeliharaan ............... 94 Diagram 3.13 Pola Aktivitas Kepala Keamanan ..................................... 94 Diagram 3.14 Pola Aktivitas Kepala Perpustakaan ................................. 95 Diagram 3.15 Pola Aktivitas Pengelola Cafe Galeri dan Studio Seni ...... 95 Diagram 3.16 Pola Aktivitas Kep Publikasi Galeri dan Studio Seni ........ 95 Diagram 3.17 Pola Aktivitas Kurator Galeri dan Studio Seni .................. 96 Diagram 3.18 Pola Aktivitas Bag Maintance Galeri dan Studio Seni ...... 96 Diagram 3.19 Pola Aktivitas Staff Kebersihan ........................................ 96 Diagram 3.20 Pola Hubungan Ruang Makro Galeri dan Studio Seni ... 101 Diagram 3.21 Pola Hubungan Ruang Outdoor indoor .......................... 102

  Diagram 3.23 Hubungan Ruang Mikro Staff MEE ................................ 103 Diagram 3.24 Hubungan Ruang Mikro Seniman .................................. 104 Diagram 3.25 Hubungan Ruang Mikro Pengunjung .............................. 104 Diagram 3.26 Pola Skema Elektrikal Galeri dan Studio Seni ................ 142 Diagram 3.27 Sistem Downfeed Distribusi Galeri dan Studio Seni ....... 142 Diagram 3.28 Sistem Upfeed Distribusi Galeri dan Studio Seni ........... 143 Diagram 3.29 Pembuangan black water Galeri dan Studio Seni .......... 143 Diagram 3.30 Pola Pembuangan Sampah Galeri dan Studio Seni ....... 146 Diagram 3.31 Pola pembuangan sampah Galeri dan Studio Seni ........ 146 Diagram 3.32 Pola Komunikasi keluar Galeri dan Studio Seni ............. 146