PERSONALITY OF OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S Personality of Ophelia in William Shakespeare's Hamlet (written about 1602/17th Century): a Psychoanalytic Approach.
PERSONALITY OF OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S
HAMLET (WRITTEN ABOUT 1602/17 CENTURY):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
Research Paper
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
Aprillia Nuring Prabawati
A 320 800 344
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
i
APPROVAL
PERSONALITY OF OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S HAMLET
(WRITTEN ABOUT 1602/17 CENTURY):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by:
APRILLIA NURING PRABAWATI
A320 080 344
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team:
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Titis Setiabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
NIK. 589
NIK.948
ii
ACCEPTANCE
PERSONALITY OF OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S
HAMLET (WRITTEN ABOUT 1602/17 CENTURY):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by
APRILLIA NURING PRABAWATI
A 320 080 344
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
(
)
(
)
(
)
(First Examiner)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. S., M. Hum.
(Second Examiner)
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M. S.
(Third Examiner)
Approved by
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno.
NIP. 196504281993031001
iii
TESTIMONY
I hereby assert that there is no plagiarism in this research paper. There is
no other work that has been submitted to obtain the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except
the written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography.
If any incorrectness is proved in the future dealing with my statement
above, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 8 April 2014
The Researcher
Aprillia N.P
A.320080344
iv
MOTTO
“Sing tekun ben tekan”- Mr. Soeparno (the researcher‟s great inspiration)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT,
My beloved parents,
My beloved siblings,
My beloved one.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alaamiin, this is the first word that the researcher
said as all her praises are dedicated to Allah SWT due to his merciful and grateful.
Therefore, the researcher can accomplish her research paper entitled
“PERSONALITY
HAMLET
OF
OPHELIA
(WRITTEN
IN
ABOUT
WILLIAM
1602/17
SHAKESPEARE’S
CENTURY):
A
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH” as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Bachelor Degree in English Department, School of Teacher Training and
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
The researcher realizes that her research paper is still far from being
perfect because of her limited knowledge and experience. Therefore, the
researcher will accept all suggestions and critics to improve and evolve this
research. She also realizes that this research paper is impossible to complete
without the help of others. Thus, the researcher would like to express her gratitude
and appreciate for all who have contributed for the completing of this research
paper. She is deeply gratitude to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, the Dean of the School of Teacher Training
and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, the head of English Educational Department,
for the permission to finish this research paper.
vii
3. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum., as the first consultant who patiently gives
guidance, advices, supports, and also correction in conducting this research
paper.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S. S. M. Hum., as the second consultant who patiently gives
guidance, advices, supports, and also correction in conducting this research
paper.
5. All lecturers of English Department in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
6. Her great beloved parent, Mr. Sri Badoyo and Mrs. Sri Hartatik, for their
unlimited and unconditionally love, support and prayer for the researcher.
7. Her great inspirator, Mr. Soeparno, for the unlimited and unconditionally
love, his great messages and advices, prayer, care, support, and always be a
good place to share about life.
8. Her beloved siblings, Shinta, Ratih, and Wilda for the unconditionally love,
support, prayer, care, and togetherness.
9. Her beloved one, Rosyid Arifin a.k.a Syinga for loving and caring the writer
well, advice, support, and also prayer for her.
10. Her friends, Mita, Rheta, Aina, Riska, Mahayu, Mbak Lia, Muci, Nury, Rina,
Nopek, Menyuk, Fahma, and all friends at Kost Coklat for their support,
advice, togetherness and happiness. And her other friends who cannot be listed
one by one.
11. Her little family, Teater Ayat Indonesia for giving advice, guidance, literature
knowledge, and support.
viii
The researcher realizes that this research paper is far from perfect. Thus
advices and suggestions are very welcomed. The last, the researcher wishes this
research paper would be usefull for all.
Wassalamualai’kum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, 8 April 2014
The researcher
Aprillia N. P.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ...............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................. iii
TESTIMONY...................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ..............................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION .................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................
x
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... xiv
CHAPTER I:
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................
1
B. Literature Reviews ............................................................
6
C. Problem Statement ............................................................
7
D. Limitation of the Study .....................................................
8
E. Objective of the Study ......................................................
8
F. Benefit of the Study ..........................................................
8
G. Research Method ..............................................................
9
H. Paper Organization ........................................................... 10
CHAPTER II:
UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................... 11
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis ................................................. 11
B. Structure of Personality .................................................... 12
x
1. Id ................................................................................. 13
2. Ego .............................................................................. 14
3. Superego ..................................................................... 15
C. Structural Element of the Play .......................................... 17
1. Character and Characterization ................................... 17
a. Major Character ..................................................... 18
b. Minor Character ..................................................... 18
2. Setting ......................................................................... 18
a. Setting of Place ..................................................... 19
b. Setting of Time ...................................................... 19
3. Plot .............................................................................. 19
a. Exposition ............................................................. 20
b. Complication......................................................... 20
c. Climax................................................................... 20
d. Resolution ............................................................. 20
4. Point of View .............................................................. 20
5. Style ............................................................................ 20
6. Theme ......................................................................... 21
D. Theoretical Application .................................................... 21
CHAPTER III:
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................. 22
A. Structural Elements ........................................................... 22
1. Character and Characterization................................... 22
a. Major Character .................................................... 23
xi
b. Minor Character .................................................... 28
2. Setting ......................................................................... 44
a. Setting of Place ..................................................... 44
b. Setting of Time ..................................................... 44
3. Plot .............................................................................. 46
a. Exposition ............................................................. 46
b. Complication ......................................................... 50
c. Climax ................................................................... 53
d. Resolution ............................................................. 60
4. Point of View .............................................................. 60
5. Style ............................................................................ 61
6. Theme ......................................................................... 67
7. Song and Spectacle ..................................................... 67
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 69
CHAPTER IV:
PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ........................................ 74
A. Ophelia’s Personality ........................................................ 74
1. Id ................................................................................. 74
2. Ego .............................................................................. 79
3. Superego...................................................................... 81
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 84
CHAPTER V:
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION ................................. 87
A. Conclusions....................................................................... 87
B. Suggestion......................................................................... 88
xii
C. Pedagogical Implication .................................................. 88
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCE
APPENDIX
xiii
SUMMARY
APRILLIA NURING PRABAWATI. A 320080344. “PERSONALITY OF
OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S HAMLET (WRITTEN ABOUT
1602/17
CENTURY):
A
PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH”.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2013.
The major issue of this study is “How is the personality of Ophelia
reflected in William Shakespeare‟s Hamlet?” The objective of this study is to
analyze the play based on its structural elements and analyzing the play based on
the psychoanalytic approach.
The research is qualitative study. The researcher uses two data sources:
primary data source and secondary data source. Primary data are taken from
Hamlet play written by William Shakespeare. The secondary data sources are
books and other data that have relationship with the research. The object of the
study is the personality of Ophelia reflected in William Shakespeare‟s Hamlet.
Technique of the data collection are reading the drama script, taking important
note in both primary and secondary data, identifying the topic of the play, and
analyzing the data of the research based on Sigmund Freud‟s theory. And the
technique of the data analysis is descriptive analysis.
The results of the study show that in the Victorian era, love is related with
hatred, revenge and also death because of loyalty. It shows when Ophelia is
distressed by Hamlet‟s indifference, gets lost her senses and then kills herself. So,
the theme of this drama is „the loyalty is not only in the name of word, but also
sacrifice‟. Based on psychoanalytic analysis it is found that Ophelia is a good
girl, it is shown when her father orders her to quit seeing Hamlet, she agrees, “I
shall obey my Lord” (H. Act 1, Sc 3). Ophelia is a lovely woman who loves and
cares to Hamlet. Through a song she tells that no one can make the same thing of
love like Hamlet,” How should I your true love know, from another one? By his
cockle hat and staff, and his sandal soon” (H. Act 4, Sc 5). Ophelia is a loyalty
and very emotional person; it shows when she is in two contradictory sides, the
loyalty to her father and her loves to Hamlet. Because of an accident, where her
father is murdered by Hamlet, she gets the deep pain, stress and crazy. Then she
chooses to drow herself as a sacrifice to keep loyalty to her two lovely man.
Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Personality, Ophelia, Love.
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
NIK. 589
Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
NIK. 948
xiv
HAMLET (WRITTEN ABOUT 1602/17 CENTURY):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
Research Paper
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
Aprillia Nuring Prabawati
A 320 800 344
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
i
APPROVAL
PERSONALITY OF OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S HAMLET
(WRITTEN ABOUT 1602/17 CENTURY):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by:
APRILLIA NURING PRABAWATI
A320 080 344
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team:
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Titis Setiabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
NIK. 589
NIK.948
ii
ACCEPTANCE
PERSONALITY OF OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S
HAMLET (WRITTEN ABOUT 1602/17 CENTURY):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by
APRILLIA NURING PRABAWATI
A 320 080 344
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
(
)
(
)
(
)
(First Examiner)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. S., M. Hum.
(Second Examiner)
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M. S.
(Third Examiner)
Approved by
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno.
NIP. 196504281993031001
iii
TESTIMONY
I hereby assert that there is no plagiarism in this research paper. There is
no other work that has been submitted to obtain the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except
the written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography.
If any incorrectness is proved in the future dealing with my statement
above, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 8 April 2014
The Researcher
Aprillia N.P
A.320080344
iv
MOTTO
“Sing tekun ben tekan”- Mr. Soeparno (the researcher‟s great inspiration)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT,
My beloved parents,
My beloved siblings,
My beloved one.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alaamiin, this is the first word that the researcher
said as all her praises are dedicated to Allah SWT due to his merciful and grateful.
Therefore, the researcher can accomplish her research paper entitled
“PERSONALITY
HAMLET
OF
OPHELIA
(WRITTEN
IN
ABOUT
WILLIAM
1602/17
SHAKESPEARE’S
CENTURY):
A
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH” as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Bachelor Degree in English Department, School of Teacher Training and
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
The researcher realizes that her research paper is still far from being
perfect because of her limited knowledge and experience. Therefore, the
researcher will accept all suggestions and critics to improve and evolve this
research. She also realizes that this research paper is impossible to complete
without the help of others. Thus, the researcher would like to express her gratitude
and appreciate for all who have contributed for the completing of this research
paper. She is deeply gratitude to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, the Dean of the School of Teacher Training
and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, the head of English Educational Department,
for the permission to finish this research paper.
vii
3. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum., as the first consultant who patiently gives
guidance, advices, supports, and also correction in conducting this research
paper.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S. S. M. Hum., as the second consultant who patiently gives
guidance, advices, supports, and also correction in conducting this research
paper.
5. All lecturers of English Department in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
6. Her great beloved parent, Mr. Sri Badoyo and Mrs. Sri Hartatik, for their
unlimited and unconditionally love, support and prayer for the researcher.
7. Her great inspirator, Mr. Soeparno, for the unlimited and unconditionally
love, his great messages and advices, prayer, care, support, and always be a
good place to share about life.
8. Her beloved siblings, Shinta, Ratih, and Wilda for the unconditionally love,
support, prayer, care, and togetherness.
9. Her beloved one, Rosyid Arifin a.k.a Syinga for loving and caring the writer
well, advice, support, and also prayer for her.
10. Her friends, Mita, Rheta, Aina, Riska, Mahayu, Mbak Lia, Muci, Nury, Rina,
Nopek, Menyuk, Fahma, and all friends at Kost Coklat for their support,
advice, togetherness and happiness. And her other friends who cannot be listed
one by one.
11. Her little family, Teater Ayat Indonesia for giving advice, guidance, literature
knowledge, and support.
viii
The researcher realizes that this research paper is far from perfect. Thus
advices and suggestions are very welcomed. The last, the researcher wishes this
research paper would be usefull for all.
Wassalamualai’kum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, 8 April 2014
The researcher
Aprillia N. P.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ...............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................. iii
TESTIMONY...................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ..............................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION .................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................
x
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... xiv
CHAPTER I:
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................
1
B. Literature Reviews ............................................................
6
C. Problem Statement ............................................................
7
D. Limitation of the Study .....................................................
8
E. Objective of the Study ......................................................
8
F. Benefit of the Study ..........................................................
8
G. Research Method ..............................................................
9
H. Paper Organization ........................................................... 10
CHAPTER II:
UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................... 11
A. Notion of Psychoanalysis ................................................. 11
B. Structure of Personality .................................................... 12
x
1. Id ................................................................................. 13
2. Ego .............................................................................. 14
3. Superego ..................................................................... 15
C. Structural Element of the Play .......................................... 17
1. Character and Characterization ................................... 17
a. Major Character ..................................................... 18
b. Minor Character ..................................................... 18
2. Setting ......................................................................... 18
a. Setting of Place ..................................................... 19
b. Setting of Time ...................................................... 19
3. Plot .............................................................................. 19
a. Exposition ............................................................. 20
b. Complication......................................................... 20
c. Climax................................................................... 20
d. Resolution ............................................................. 20
4. Point of View .............................................................. 20
5. Style ............................................................................ 20
6. Theme ......................................................................... 21
D. Theoretical Application .................................................... 21
CHAPTER III:
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................. 22
A. Structural Elements ........................................................... 22
1. Character and Characterization................................... 22
a. Major Character .................................................... 23
xi
b. Minor Character .................................................... 28
2. Setting ......................................................................... 44
a. Setting of Place ..................................................... 44
b. Setting of Time ..................................................... 44
3. Plot .............................................................................. 46
a. Exposition ............................................................. 46
b. Complication ......................................................... 50
c. Climax ................................................................... 53
d. Resolution ............................................................. 60
4. Point of View .............................................................. 60
5. Style ............................................................................ 61
6. Theme ......................................................................... 67
7. Song and Spectacle ..................................................... 67
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 69
CHAPTER IV:
PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ........................................ 74
A. Ophelia’s Personality ........................................................ 74
1. Id ................................................................................. 74
2. Ego .............................................................................. 79
3. Superego...................................................................... 81
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 84
CHAPTER V:
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION ................................. 87
A. Conclusions....................................................................... 87
B. Suggestion......................................................................... 88
xii
C. Pedagogical Implication .................................................. 88
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCE
APPENDIX
xiii
SUMMARY
APRILLIA NURING PRABAWATI. A 320080344. “PERSONALITY OF
OPHELIA IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE’S HAMLET (WRITTEN ABOUT
1602/17
CENTURY):
A
PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH”.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2013.
The major issue of this study is “How is the personality of Ophelia
reflected in William Shakespeare‟s Hamlet?” The objective of this study is to
analyze the play based on its structural elements and analyzing the play based on
the psychoanalytic approach.
The research is qualitative study. The researcher uses two data sources:
primary data source and secondary data source. Primary data are taken from
Hamlet play written by William Shakespeare. The secondary data sources are
books and other data that have relationship with the research. The object of the
study is the personality of Ophelia reflected in William Shakespeare‟s Hamlet.
Technique of the data collection are reading the drama script, taking important
note in both primary and secondary data, identifying the topic of the play, and
analyzing the data of the research based on Sigmund Freud‟s theory. And the
technique of the data analysis is descriptive analysis.
The results of the study show that in the Victorian era, love is related with
hatred, revenge and also death because of loyalty. It shows when Ophelia is
distressed by Hamlet‟s indifference, gets lost her senses and then kills herself. So,
the theme of this drama is „the loyalty is not only in the name of word, but also
sacrifice‟. Based on psychoanalytic analysis it is found that Ophelia is a good
girl, it is shown when her father orders her to quit seeing Hamlet, she agrees, “I
shall obey my Lord” (H. Act 1, Sc 3). Ophelia is a lovely woman who loves and
cares to Hamlet. Through a song she tells that no one can make the same thing of
love like Hamlet,” How should I your true love know, from another one? By his
cockle hat and staff, and his sandal soon” (H. Act 4, Sc 5). Ophelia is a loyalty
and very emotional person; it shows when she is in two contradictory sides, the
loyalty to her father and her loves to Hamlet. Because of an accident, where her
father is murdered by Hamlet, she gets the deep pain, stress and crazy. Then she
chooses to drow herself as a sacrifice to keep loyalty to her two lovely man.
Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Personality, Ophelia, Love.
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
NIK. 589
Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
NIK. 948
xiv