FINAL PROJECT Comparison Analysis Of Motorcycle Performance Between Intake Manifold Standard And Intake Manifold Racing On Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005.

FINAL PROJECT

COMPARISON ANALYSIS of MOTORCYCLE
PERFORMANCE BETWEEN INTAKE MANIFOLD
STANDARD AND INTAKE MANIFOLD RACING ON
YAMAHA JUPITER Z 2005

Submitted as a Partial fulfillment of The Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Engineering
in Mechanical Engineering Department

by
IKHTIARIFQI
D 700 070 003

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM
IN AUTOMOTIVE/MOTORCYCLE ENGINEERING
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i

APPROVAL

The research paper entitled “Comparison Analysis of Motorcycle
Performance Between Intake Manifold Standard and Intake Manifold
Racing on Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005”, has been agreed by supervisor and
authorized by the Director of International Program as partial fulfillment of
the requirements for getting the Bachelor Degree of Engineering in
Automotive Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Written by:
Name

: Ikhtiarifqi

NIM

: D 700 070 003

Has Approved and legalized on:
Day

:

Date

:
Supervisor I,

Supervisor II,

(Dr. Supriyono)

(Wijianto, ST, M.Eng. Sc)
Admitted by:
Head of Department,

(Ir. Sartono Putro, MT.)

ii

ACCEPTANCE

The Final Project entitle “Comparison

Analysis of Motorcycle

Performance Between Intake Manifold Standard and Intake Manifold
Racing on Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005” has been defended in front of
examiners team and approved as a partial fulfillment of the requirements
for getting the Bachelor Degree of Engineering in Automotive Department
of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Written by:
Name

: Ikhtiarifqi

NIM

: D 700 070 003

Has Approved and legalized on:
Day

:

Date

:

Team of Examiners:
Chair Person

: Dr. Supriyono

(

)

Member 1

: Wijianto, ST.M.Eng.Sc (

)

Member 2

: Ir. Sartono Putro, MT

)

(

Dean of Mechanical
Engineering,

Head of Department,

(Ir. Agus Riyanto, MT.)

(Ir. Sartono Putro, MT.)

iii

TESTIMONY

With this, I state that there is no plagiarism of the previous works
which have been made to get bachelor degree of university and as long as
the writer knows that there is also no work or opinion that ever been
composed or published by other people, except referred written in this
research paper mentioned in bibliography.
Hence, if it is proved that there is mistake in the writer’s statements
I will be wholly responsible.

Surakarta, March 2012
The writer

Ikhtiarifqi
D 700 070 003

iv

MOTTO
“A good process will get a good result”
(The Writer)

Let there arise out of you a group of people inviting to all that is
good (Islam), enjoining Al-Ma’ruf and forbidding Al-Munkar. And it is
they who are the successful. (QS Ali Imran:104)

Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that
(good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which
he has earned. (QS Al-Baqarah:286)

Many People say that the intelligence that make the great scientist.
They are mistaken, it is the character. (Albert Einstein)

There is a way to make it better, find it.(Thomas A. Edison)

The best person is the person who is the most beneficial for others
(Narrated by Bukhari)

v

DEDICATION

This research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT,
Thanks for the best everything that You have given for me and thanks
for Your love that always make me to never give up to do the best.
I believe that You will always give me the best for everything.
My beloved Mom and Dad,
Thanks for your prayer, love and support.
You always give me happiness but often I made you disappointed.
I am sorry and I promise to give you the best in the future.
My Siblings (Muhammad Miftakhurizka, Risalatul Ikhtiarini, Rifana

Yuniartanti),
Thanks for your supports.
It is make me strong to get something more and more.
My Grand Mother and Grand Father,

Thanks for your pray, love, support, spirit, attention and care.
My all family,
Thanks for your prayer, love, support and everything.
All my friends,
Thanks for your support and love me.

vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. First, the writer would like to praise to Allah
SWT, the Lord of universe, for blessing and guiding the writer to
accomplish the research paper as a partial fulfillment of the requirements
for getting bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering, Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta. The writer also realizes that this amazing moment
cannot come true without the help and support of other people. In this
opportunity, she would like to express her great gratitude to:
1. Ir. Agus Riyanto, M.T. as the dean of Engineering Department,
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

2. Ir. Sartono Putro, M.T. as the Head of Mechanical Engineering,
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. Supriyono as the first consultant who has guided and
advised me smartly from the beginning to the end of this research
paper.
4. Wijianto, ST.M.Eng.Sc. as the second consultant who has
corrected

and given advice in the process of making this

research paper.

vii

5. All the lecturers of Mechanical Engineering in Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta who have given knowledge during the
study. Thanks for the knowledge you shared to him.
6. His Mom (Yustiani) and Dad (Masruchan) who always prays
and

support the writer, for care, money, love and everything.

Hopefully, the writer can make them happy and do the best for
them.
7. His old sister (Risalatul Ikhtiarini and Rifana Yuniartanti) and
old brother (Muhammad Miftakhurizka) for their support, pray,
and love.
8. His Grandmother and Grandfather for support, wishes, love, pray
and care.
9. His beloved “Ikhtiarifqi” for support, wishes, love, pray, and care.
10. All his beloved friends in Automotive Engineering especially
writer’s classmate ’07 as the first generation (Iqbal, Tunggul,
Amar, Soni, David, Aldi and Gunawan), thanks for nice
friendship.
11. His

friends

in

Pesma

K.H.

Mas

Mansyur.

Thanks

for

accompany him during his study.
12. Those who can not to be mentioned one by one for every helping in
accomplishing this research paper. Thanks a lot for all.

The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect, so the
writer welcomes any constructive comment, criticism, and suggestion from

viii

anyone. Finally, he hopes that this research paper would help the other
researchers who are interested in studying translation and enrich the
reader’s knowledge.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Surakarta, March 2012
The writer

Ikhtiarifqi

ix

COMPARISON ANALYSIS of MOTORCYCLE PERFORMANCE
BETWEEN INTAKE MANIFOLD STANDARD AND INTAKE MANIFOLD
RACING ON YAMAHA JUPITER Z 2005
Ikhtiarifqi
Mechanical Engineering Department
International Program In Automotive/Motorcycle Engineering
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Jl. A. Yani Tromol Pos I Pabelan Kartasura, Surakarta 57102
E-mail: rifqy_jpr@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
On combustion engine, intake manifold pipe has function to
distribute air-fuel mixture from carburetor to combustion chamber. Suction
pipe intake manifold is not too important, but design of intake manifold can
influenced on homogeneity and air-fuel mixture flow rate from carburetor
to combustion engine. Objectives of this research to get and compare
performance of the engine motorcycle has used intake manifold standard
and intake manifold racing on Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005.
Object has used is Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005 four-stroke motorcycle
using carburetor Mikuni 26 mm. The testing has doing for every intake
manifold to get torque, power and specific fuel consumption at 4000-9000
rpm. It use dynotest V3.3 Rextor Pro Dyno Inertia dynamometer in
Mototech Laboratorium Yogyakarta.
The result shows that intake manifold racing on standard piston can
produce higher power and torque than intake manifold standard at low
rpm and next rpm has happened changing along with the fuel
consumption increased until stop the supply of air-fuel mixture because of
limited supply of fuel from carburetor. In 4000 rpm, intake manifold racing
on standard piston the fuel used is lower than standard intake manifold
standard.

Key Word: Carburetor, Intake Manifold Standard, Intake Manifold
Racing

x

CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE................................................................................ i
APROVAL.................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ............................................................................ iii
TESTIMONY................................................................................ iv
MOTTO........................................................................................ v
DEDICATION .............................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ................................................................ viii
ABSTRACTION ........................................................................... x
CONTENTS................................................................................. xi
LIST of FIGURE .......................................................................... xv
LIST of TABLE............................................................................. xviii

CHAPTER I PREFACE
1.1. Background ................................................................. 1
1.2. Problem Formulation ................................................... 2
1.3. Objectives.................................................................... 2
1.4. Advantages of Research ............................................. 2
1.5. Problem Limitation....................................................... 3
1.6. Research Methodology................................................ 3
1.7. Research Location....................................................... 4
1.8. Writing Systematic....................................................... 4

xi

CHAPTER II BASIC THOERY
2.1. Literature Review......................................................... 6
2.2. Definition of Combustion Engine ................................. 7
2.2.1. Four-stroke Combustion Engine ....................... 8
2.2.2. Two-stroke Combustion Engine........................ 11
2.3. Combustion Engine Component.................................. 13
2.3.1. Moving Components (Mechanical) ................... 13
2.3.2. Components not Moving (Static)....................... 18
2.4. Fuel System
2.4.1. Drainage Fuel System ...................................... 21
2.4.2. Fuel Intake System ........................................... 22
2.4.3. Combustion Engine Process............................. 24
2.5. Planning of Combustion Engine Formula .................... 27
2.5.1. Torque .............................................................. 28
2.5.2. Power................................................................ 28
2.5.3. Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)..................... 29
2.5.4. Debit ................................................................. 30

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1. Flow Chart of Research............................................... 36
3.2. Research Tools and Materials ..................................... 37
3.2.1. Combustion Engine Used ................................. 37
3.2.2. Intake Manifold Used ........................................ 38
3.2.3. Gauges Instrument ........................................... 38
3.3. Step for Experiment..................................................... 40
xii

3.3.1. Variation Intake Manifold .................................. 40
3.4. Prepare for Experiment ............................................... 41
3.4.1. Steps of Data Retrieval Experiment Torque
and Power......................................................... 42
3.4.1.1. Preparation Before Running The
Engine data Retrieval Torque and
Power................................................. 42
3.4.1.2. Torque and Power Data Retrieval...... 43
3.4.2. Preparation of Experiment Fuel Consumption
Data Retrieval ................................................... 43
3.4.2.1. Preparation of Fuel Consumption
Data Retrieval .................................... 44
3.4.2.2. Fuel Consumption Data Retrieval ...... 44

CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Test Result Data.......................................................... 46
4.1.1. Intake Manifold Standard .................................. 47
4.1.2. Intake Manifold Racing ..................................... 48
4.2. Test Result Comparison .............................................. 49
4.2.1. Power................................................................ 49

xiii

4.2.2. Torque .............................................................. 51
4.2.3. Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)..................... 53

CHAPTER V CLOSING
5.1.

Conclusions................................................................ 56

5.2.

Suggestions ............................................................... 56

BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX

xiv

LIST of FIGURE

Figure 2.1

Four-stroke combustion engine cycle .......................... 10

Figure 2.2

Two-stroke combustion engine cycle........................... 12

Figure 2.3

Piston .......................................................................... 14

Figure 2.4

Ring Piston .................................................................. 15

Figure 2.5

Pen Piston ................................................................... 15

Figure 2.6

Connecting Rod........................................................... 16

Figure 2.7

Crankshaft ................................................................... 17

Figure 2.8

Wheels Successor/Flywheel........................................ 17

Figure 2.9

Cylinder Block.............................................................. 19

Figure 2.10 Cylinder Head.............................................................. 20
Figure 2.11 Crankcase ................................................................... 20
Figure 2.12 Graph showing relationship of torque, power, specific
fuel consumption vs engine rotation ............................ 27
Figure 3.1

Flow Chart of Research............................................... 31

Figure 4.1

Graph showing relationship between power with
engine rotation on standard piston .............................. 44

Figure 4.2

Graph showing relationship between torque with
engine rotation in a standard piston............................. 47

xv

Figure 4.3

Graph showing relationship between specific fuel
consumption (SFC) with engine rotation on standard
piston........................................................................... 49

xvi

LIST of TABLE

Table 4.1 Standard intake manifold test result on standard
piston............................................................................... 42
Table 4.2 Intake manifold racing test result on standard piston....... 43
Table 4.3 Comparison of power generated from testing standard
intake manifold and intake manifold racing on a
standard piston ................................................................ 44
Table 4.4 Comparison of the torque has generated from testing
standard intake manifold and intake manifold racing
on a standard piston ........................................................ 46
Table 4.5 Comparison of specific fuel consumption has resulting
from testing intake manifold racing and standard intake
manifold........................................................................... 49

xvii