A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND ARABIC TENSES A THESIS BY ADERIA KHADIJAH REG.NO. 120721005

  A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND ARABIC TENSES A THESIS BY ADERIA KHADIJAH REG.NO. 120721005 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN2014

  A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND ARABIC TENSES A THESIS BY ADERIA KHADIJAH REG.NO. 120721005 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. MUHIZAR MUCTAR, M.S RAHMADSYAH RANGKUTI, M.A. Ph.D. NIP. 19541117 198003 1 002 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 Submited To The Faculty Of Cultural Studies University Of Sumatera Utara Medan In Partial Fulfilment Of The Requirement For The Degree Of Sarjana Sastra From Deparment Of English DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN2014

  Approved By Departement Of English, Faculty Of Cultural Studies University Of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan As A Thesis For The Sarjana Sastra Examination Head

  Secretary Dr. MUHIZAR MUCTAR, M.S RAHMADSYAH RANGKUTI, M.A. Ph.D. NIP. 195411171 98003 1 002 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002

  Accepted By The Board Of Examiners In Partial Fulfilment Of Requirements For The Degree Of Sarjana Sastra From Department Of English, Faculty Of Cultural Studies University Of Sumatera Utara The Examination Is Held In Department Of English Faculty Of Cultural Studies University Of Sumatera Utara On August 23 2014 The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. SYAHRON LUBIS, M.A NIP.19511013 197603 1 001 BOARD OF EXAMINER : 1. Dr. MUHIZAR MUCTAR, M.S ………………..

  2. RAHMADSYAH RANGKUTI, MA. Ph.D ………………...

  3. Dr. SYAHRON LUBIS, M.A ………………...

  4. Dr. Hj. MASDIANA LUBIS, M.Hum. …………………

  5. Drs. H.CHAIRUL HUSNI, M. Ed. TESOL …………………

  6. Drs. UMAR MONO, Dipl. Trans, M.Hum …………………

  AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

  I ADERIA KHADIJAH DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCES IS MADE IN THE TEXT OG THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR A WARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

  IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTARY EDUCATION SIGNED : DATE : August 23 2014

  COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : ADERIA KHADIJAH TITLE OF THESIS : A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND ARABIC TENSES QUALIFICATION : S1/ Sarjana Sastra DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH

  I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REFRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. SIGNED : DATE : August 23 2014

  ABSTRAK Bahasa Arab adalah bahasa semitik yang merupakan bahasa asing yang sama seperti bahasa Inggris. Kedua bahasa itu merupakan bahasa internasional atau bahasa yang terfokuskan pada saat ini. Bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa internasional yang menempati urutan pertama di dunai, sedangkan bahasa Arab adalah bahasa yang menempati urutan kedua bahasa internasional di dunia setelah bahasa Inggris.

  Skripsi yang berjudul A Contrastive Analysis Between English and Arabic Tenses ini membahas tentang perbandingan antara tenses dalam bahasa inggris dan tenses dalam bahasa Arab. Adapun tenses dalam bahasa inggris ialah presen tense, past tense, future tense. Sedangkan dalam bahasa Arab dikenal dengan fi’il madhi dan fi’il mudhori’. Penulis menganalisis mengenai sistem penggunaan dan bentuk tenses dari kedua bahasa dengan tujuan untuk mencari persamaan dan perbedaan dalam pemakaian tenses dari kedua bahasa tersebut. Penulis menggunakan metode documentasi, metode dokumentasi adalah cara mengumpulkan data dengan cara mengelompokkan kalimat dalam mengumpulkan data. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisa kedua bahasa ini adalah metode kontrastif.

  Di dalam analysis, penulis menguraikan dan mendeskripsikan tenses dari bahasa inggris dan tenses dari bahasa arab dan membandingkannya dalam bentuk dan fungsinya.

  Setelah tenses dari kedua bahasa di analisa, penulis menemukan adanya persamaan (correspondence) dan perbedaan ( non correspondence ) dari bentuk dan fungsi tenses dari kedua bahasa yang dibandingkan. Jika dilihat dari bentunya tidak sama, namun jika dilihat dari fungsinya memiliki kesamaan.

  Kata kunci : Bahasa arab, Arab, Kontrastif, Tenses bahasa arab , kontrastif bahasa inggris dan bahasa arab

  ABSTRACT Arabic language is a Semitic language this a foreign language that which same as

  English language. Both language are international language which is the first rank in the world. English is an international language which the first ranks in the world , while Arabic is the language which the second ranks in the world's international language after English. Thesis entitled A Contrastive Analysis Between English and Arabic Tenses discussed about contrastive tenses in English and in Arabic. Tenses in English is present tense past tense, and future tense. While in Arabic language tenses know as fi’il madhi

  

and fi’il mudhari’ . The writer analyzed about using system and form of tenses of both

  language with the aim is to find the similarities and differences in the use of tenses of both languages. The writer uses documentation methods, documentation method is a technique of collecting data by categorizing and classifying the writer document that has relation with the problem discussed in collected the data. The Method used in analyzing both language are contrastive method.

  In the analysis, the writer outlines and describes the tenses of English and Arabic and compare them its form and function. After the tenses of both languages are analyzed, the writer found a correspondence and non-correspondence of the form and function of both languages compared. When viewed from the form are not same, but if views of its functions have the sameness. Key words : Arabic language, Arabic, Contrastive, Arabic tenses, Contarstive english and Arabic.

  ACKNOWLEDGMENT Alhamdulilah, I would like to thank Almighty Allah SWT for this infinite love and blessing so I can accomplish this thesis in order to fulfill the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English.

  In this occasion, I would like to thank the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr Syahron Lubis , M.A. and great thanks to the Head of English Department USU Dr. Muhizar Muctar , M.S. and the secretary of English Department Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A. Ph.D. who gave me great opportunity and full support to accomplish this thesis.

  Furthermore, I would like to thank to my beloved family, especially to my parents, my beloved father Rusli Batu Bara and my beloved mother Fatimahdani and my beloved sister and brother ( Resni Mala, Erli, Elvi, Salwani, Sari, Nabil, Khairul ) thanks for your kindness, your unconditional love, and your praying for me since I was child until this time, thanks because you are always beside me and support me whatever your conditional there will be.

  I also would like to express my special thanks to my friend ( Sulaiaman , Aina , Usman , Boy, Cia, Wandi ) thanks for being my friend and always support everything. I will miss the time when we laugh together , we fight together to finish this thesis . and don’t forget special thank to my beloved Ahmad Riady who always support me and give me solutions, thanks for everything. Greatyful to all my beloved friends Ekstensi 2012 for a warm friendship that we shared for 2 years , I will miss you all. Hopefully , this thesis can inspire anyone of us especially for the junior of English Department to explore more on the topic I have analyzed.

  Medan, August 23 2014 The writer Aderia Khadijah

  Reg. 120721005 TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ---------------------------------------------------------------- iv COPYRIGHT DECLARATION -------------------------------------------------------------- v ABSTRAK ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vi ABSTRACT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -------------------------------------------------------------------- viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ix

   CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION

   1.1 Background of the Analysis ------------------------------------------------ 1

   1.2 Problem of the Analysis ------------------------------------------------------- 2

   1.3 Objective of the Analysis ----------------------------------------------------- 2

   1.4 Scope of the Analysis ---------------------------------------------------------- 3

   1.5 Significance of the Analysis -------------------------------------------------- 3

   CHAPTER II.REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

   2.1 A Brief Description of Contractive Analysis ------------------------------ 4

   2.2 A Brief History of English ---------------------------------------------------- 5

   2.3 A Brief History of Arabic ----------------------------------------------------- 7

   2.4 Description of Tenses in English -------------------------------------------- 7

   2.5 Description of Tenses in Arabic ------------------------------------------- 11

   CHAPTER III.METHOD OF RESEARCH

   3.1 Research Design -------------------------------------------------------------- 15

   3.2 Data and Source of Data ---------------------------------------------------- 16

   3.3 Data Collecting Procedure -------------------------------------------------- 17

   3.4 Techniques of Data Analysis --------------------------------------------- 17

   CHAPTER IV .ANALYSIS AND FINDING

   4.1 Analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18

   4.1.1 Present Tense ---------------------------------------------------------------- 18

   4.1.2 Fi’il Mudhari’ / present tense in Arabic -------------------------------- 24

   4.1.3 Past Tense -------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 4.1.4 fi’il Madhi / Past Tense ---------------------------------------------------- 31

   4.1.4.1 Future Tense --------------------------------------------------------------- 31

   4.2 Comparison ------------------------------------------------------------------ 37

   4.3 Finding ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43

   CHAPTER V.CONCLUSIONS AND SUESTION

   5.1 Conclusions --------------------------------------------------------------------- 44

   5.2 Suggestions ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 REFERENCES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45