LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM

  

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN&PENGESAHAN&...........................................................................................&i!

HALAMAN&PENGESAHAN&..........................................................................................&ii!

PERNYATAAN&KEASLIAN&........................................................................................&iii!

PRAKATA&......................................................................................................................&iv!

DAFTAR&GAMBAR&........................................................................................................&x!

DAFTAR&TABEL&..........................................................................................................&xv!

BAB&I&PENDAHULUAN&................................................................................................&1!

  1.1. ! Latar&Belakang&Projek&...........................................................................................&1 ! 1.2. ! Tujuan&dan&Sasaran&Pembahasan&......................................................................&2 ! 1.2.1 ! Tujuan!....................................................................................................................................!2 ! 1.2.2 ! Sasaran!Pembahasan!......................................................................................................!2 !

  1.3. ! Lingkup&Pembahasan&.............................................................................................&3 ! 1.4. ! Metoda&Pembahasan&..............................................................................................&4 ! 1.4.1 ! Metoda!Pembahasan!.......................................................................................................!4 ! 1.4.2 ! Metoda!Penyusunan!Analisis!......................................................................................!5 ! 1.4.3 ! Metoda!Program!Arsitektur!.........................................................................................!6 ! 1.4.4 ! Metoda!Perancangan!Arsitektur!................................................................................!6 !

  1.5. ! Sistematika&Pembahasan&.....................................................................................&7 !

BAB&II&TINJAUAN&PROJEK&......................................................................................&10!

  2.1 ! Tinjauan&Umum&.....................................................................................................&10 ! 2.1.1 ! Gambaran!Umum!...........................................................................................................!10 ! 2.1.2 ! Latar!Belakang!–!Perkembangan!–!Tren!.............................................................!10 !

  2.1.3 ! Sasaran!yang!akan!Dicapai!........................................................................................!11 ! 2.2 ! Tinjauan&Khusus&....................................................................................................&12 !

  2.2.1 ! Terminologi!......................................................................................................................!12 ! 2.2.2 ! Kegiatan!.............................................................................................................................!16 ! 2.2.3 ! Spesifikasi!dan!Persyaratan!......................................................................................!56 ! 2.2.4 ! Deskripsi!Konteks!Kota!...............................................................................................!58 !

  2.2.5 Studi!Banding!/!Komparasi!Kasus!Projek!Sejenis!...........................................!61

  ! !

  2.2.6 ! Permasalahan!Desain!..................................................................................................!78 ! 2.3 ! Kesimpulan,&Batasan,&dan&Anggapan&.............................................................&78 !

  2.3.1 ! Kesimpulan!......................................................................................................................!78 ! 2.3.2 ! Batasan!...............................................................................................................................!79 ! 2.3.3 ! Anggapan!..........................................................................................................................!79 !

  

BAB&III&ANALISA&PENDEKATAN&ARSITEKTUR&................................................&80!

3.1 ! Analisa&Pendekatan&Arsitektur&........................................................................&80 !

  3.1.1 ! Studi!Aktivitas!.................................................................................................................!80 ! 3.1.2 ! Studi!Fasilitas!..................................................................................................................!89 ! 3.1.3 ! Studi!Ruang!Khusus!...................................................................................................!149 !

  3.1.4 Studi!Besaran!Bangunan!dan!Lahan!Parkir!....................................................!151

  ! !

  3.1.5 Studi!Citra!Arsitektural!............................................................................................!155

  ! !

  3.2 ! Analisa&Pendekatan&Sistem&Bangunan&.........................................................&156 ! 3.1.1 ! Studi!Sistem!Struktur!dan!Enclosure!..................................................................!157 ! 3.1.2 ! Studi!Sistem!Pencahayaan!dan!Penghawaan!.................................................!180 ! 3.1.3 ! Studi!Sistem!Utilitas!..................................................................................................!184 ! 3.1.4 ! Studi!Pemanfaatan!Teknologi!...............................................................................!196 !

  3.3 ! Analisa&Konteks&Lingkungan&...........................................................................&198 !

  3.3.1 ! Analisis!Pemilihan!Lokasi!.......................................................................................!198 ! 3.3.2 ! Analisis!Pemilihan!Tapak!........................................................................................!207 !

BAB&IV&PROGRAM&ARSITEKTUR&........................................................................&215!

  4.1 ! Konsep&Program&..................................................................................................&215 ! 4.1.1 ! Aspek!Citra!/!Performance!Arsitektural!...........................................................!215 ! 4.1.2 ! Aspek!Fungsi!.................................................................................................................!215 ! 4.1.3 ! Aspek!Teknologi!..........................................................................................................!215 !

  4.2 ! Tujuan,&Faktor&Penentu,&dan&Faktor&Persyaratan&Perancangaan&......&216 !

  4.2.1 Tujuan!Perancangan!.................................................................................................!216

  ! !

  4.2.2 ! Faktor!Penentu!Perancangan!................................................................................!216 ! 4.2.3 ! Faktor!Persyaratan!Perancangan!........................................................................!217 ! 4.3 ! Program&Arsitektur&............................................................................................&218 !

  4.3.1 ! Program!Kegiatan!dan!Fasilitas!...........................................................................!218 ! 4.3.2 ! Program!Sistem!Struktur!dan!Enclosure!.........................................................!223 ! 4.3.3 ! Program!Sistem!Pencahayaan!dan!Penghawaan!..........................................!227 ! 4.3.4 ! Program!Sistem!Utilitas!...........................................................................................!228 ! 4.3.5 ! Program!Sistem!Teknologi!.....................................................................................!231 !

  4.3.6 Program!Lokasi!dan!Tapak!....................................................................................!231

  ! !

  

BAB&V&KAJIAN&TEORI&.............................................................................................&236!

5.1 ! Kajian&Teori&Penekanan&/&Tema&Desain&......................................................&236 !

  5.1.1 ! Interpretasi!dan!Elaborasi!Penekanan!Desain!..............................................!236 ! 5.1.2 ! Studi!Preseden!.............................................................................................................!237 ! 5.1.3 ! Kemungkinan!Implementasi!Teori!Penekanan!Desain!..............................!239 !

  5.2 ! Kajian&Teori&Permasalahan&Dominan&/&Fokus&Kajian&............................&240 !

  5.2.1. ! Interpretasi!dan!Elaborasi!Permasalahan!Dominan!..................................!240 ! 5.2.2. ! Studi!Preseden!............................................................................................................!244 ! 5.2.3. ! Kemungkinan!Implementasi!Teori!Permasalahan!Dominan!.................!246 !

  

DAFTAR&PUSTAKA&.................................................................................................&248!

  

DAFTAR GAMBAR

  Gambar 1 : Sutradara yang sedang memberi arahan ............................... 20! Gambar 2 : Profesi seorang Make-up Artist .............................................. 27! Gambar 3 : Camera Operator ................................................................... 30! Gambar 4 : Assistant Camera yang mengoperasikan clapper .................. 30! Gambar 5 : Boom operator ....................................................................... 33! Gambar 6 : Orang yang sedang menggerakan dolly ................................ 34! Gambar 7 : Negative cutter sedang melakukan pemilahan hasil film ....... 36! Gambar 8 : Foley artist .............................................................................. 40! Gambar 9 : Suasana proses syuting di Backlot ........................................ 41! Gambar 10 : Proses Syuting dalam area Soundstage .............................. 42! Gambar 11 : Suasana Dressing Room ..................................................... 43! Gambar 12 : Proses pembuatan set film ................................................... 44! Gambar 13 : Foley Room .......................................................................... 46! Gambar 14 : Scoring Room ...................................................................... 46! Gambar 15 : Mixing Room ........................................................................ 48! Gambar 16 : Photoshoot Studio ................................................................ 49! Gambar 17 : Ruang Screening ................................................................. 49! Gambar 18 : Peta Kabupaten Tangerang ................................................. 59! Gambar 19 : Skesta Plan Infinite Studio Batam ........................................ 61! Gambar 20 : Foto udara Infinite Studio ..................................................... 62! Gambar 21 : Ruang Pameran ................................................................... 63!

  Gambar 22 : Ruang galeri pembuatan film ............................................... 63! Gambar 23 : Ruang Studio Animasi dan Film ........................................... 64! Gambar 24 : Soundstage utama ............................................................... 65! Gambar 25 : Tampak luar Soundstage ..................................................... 65! Gambar 26 : Suasana area Backlot .......................................................... 66! Gambar 27 : Ruang Make-up .................................................................... 66! Gambar 28 : Ruang kafetaria .................................................................... 67! Gambar 29 : Ruang penggantian pakaian ................................................ 67! Gambar 30 : Area pembuangan limbah produksi film ............................... 68! Gambar 31 : Suasana Soundstage ........................................................... 71! Gambar 32 : Spesifikasi ruang Soundstage .............................................. 71! Gambar 33 : Suasana Workshop BIG studios .......................................... 72! Gambar 34 : Kantor sewa BIG Easy Studios ............................................ 73! Gambar 35 : Ruangan serbaguna di BIG Easy Studios ............................ 73! Gambar 36 : MasterPlan Paramount Studios ........................................... 74! Gambar 37 : Soundstage terbesar di Paramount ..................................... 75! Gambar 38 : salah satu scene backlot di Paramount Studios .................. 76! Gambar 39 : Backlot water tank ................................................................ 77! Gambar 40 : Paramount Studios Workshop area ..................................... 77! Gambar 41: Skema Kegiatan Pra - Produksi ............................................ 88! Gambar 42 : Skema Kegiatan Produksi .................................................... 88! Gambar 43 : Skema Kegiatan Post – Produksi ......................................... 89! Gambar 44 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Makro ..................................... 140!

  Gambar 45 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Gedung Pengelola ....... 141! Gambar 46 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Gedung Produksi ......... 142! Gambar 47 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Gedung Editing Film .... 143! Gambar 48 : Skema Hubungan Sirkulasi Mikro Area Syuting Film ......... 144! Gambar 49 : Sketsa Gedung Soundstage .............................................. 150! Gambar 50 : Sketsa Catwalk Gedung Soundstage ................................ 150! Gambar 51 : Tampak Belakang Area Backlot ......................................... 151! Gambar 52 : kondisi Latar pada area Backlot ......................................... 151! Gambar 53 : Pondasi Footplate .............................................................. 158! Gambar 54 : Pondasi Batu belah ............................................................ 159! Gambar 55 : Pondasi Tiang Pancang ..................................................... 159! Gambar 56 : Pondasi Bore Pile ............................................................... 160! Gambar 57 : Struktur Rangka Beton Bertulang ...................................... 162! Gambar 58 : Struktur Rangka Kolom Baja .............................................. 163! Gambar 59 : Konvensional Floor ............................................................ 164! Gambar 60 : Raised Floor ....................................................................... 164! Gambar 61 : Konstruksi Atap Rangka Baja ............................................ 165! Gambar 62 : Struktur Space Frame ........................................................ 166! Gambar 63 : Struktur Space Truss ......................................................... 166! Gambar 64 : Penutup lantai Keramik ...................................................... 168! Gambar 65 : Penutup Lantai Vinyl .......................................................... 169! Gambar 66 : Penutup Lantai Parquet ..................................................... 170! Gambar 67 : Penutup lantai Concrete ..................................................... 171!

  Gambar 68 : Penutup lantai Karpet ......................................................... 172! Gambar 69 : Dinding Bata ....................................................................... 173! Gambar 70 : Penutup dinding Kalsiboard ............................................... 174! Gambar 71 : Material peredam suara ..................................................... 174! Gambar 72 : Material kaca untuk dinding ............................................... 175! Gambar 73 : Material Plafond Gypsum Board ........................................ 176! Gambar 74 : Material Plafond Papan PVC ............................................. 177! Gambar 75 : Dak Beton .......................................................................... 178! Gambar 76 : Penutup atap Kaca ............................................................. 179! Gambar 77 : Penutup atap Galvalum ...................................................... 180! Gambar 78 : Penerangan Dalam Ruangan ............................................. 182! Gambar 79 : Lampu Spotlight ................................................................. 183! Gambar 80 : Mesin AC Central ............................................................... 184! Gambar 81 : Skema sistem Down Feed ................................................. 185! Gambar 82 : Skema Biofiltration ............................................................. 186! Gambar 83 : Pintu darurat kebakaran ..................................................... 189! Gambar 84 : Smoke Detector ................................................................. 190! Gambar 85 : Hydrant indoor .................................................................... 191! Gambar 86 : APAR ................................................................................. 191! Gambar 87 : Hydrant Outdoor ................................................................. 192! Gambar 88 : Elevator .............................................................................. 194! Gambar 89 : Ramp .................................................................................. 195! Gambar 90 : CCTV ................................................................................. 196!

  Gambar 91 : Jalur FTTB ......................................................................... 197! Gambar 92 : Peta Kecamatan Pagedangan ........................................... 200! Gambar 93 : Peta Pembagian Kelurahan di Kecamatan Pagedangan ... 201! Gambar 94 : Lokasi tapak Pertama ........................................................ 207! Gambar 95 : Lokasi Tapak kedua ........................................................... 211! Gambar 96 : Lokasi Tapak A .................................................................. 232! Gambar 97 : Daerah Sekeliling Tapak .................................................... 233! Gambar 98 : Belfast Harbour Studios ..................................................... 238! Gambar 99 : Belfast Office ...................................................................... 238! Gambar 100 : Belfast Studios ................................................................. 239! Gambar 101 : Belfast Soundstage .......................................................... 240! Gambar 102 : Besaran Soundstage Belfast ............................................ 241! Gambar 103 : Soundstage Paramount Studios ...................................... 242! Gambar 104 : Soundstage Savannah Studios ........................................ 244! Gambar 105 : Soundstage Savannah Studios ........................................ 245! Gambar 106 : Mini Soundstage Savannah Studios ................................ 246!

  

DAFTAR TABEL

  Tabel 1 : Sarana dan Prasarana Industri Studio Perfilman ...................... 54! Tabel 2 : Kelompok Kegiatan Utama Produksi Film .................................. 80! Tabel 3 : Kelompok kegiatan Pengelola .................................................... 86! Tabel 4 : Perfomance data Backlot ........................................................... 90! Tabel 5 : Perfomance data Soundstage A ................................................ 91! Tabel 6 : Perfomance data Soundstage B ................................................ 92! Tabel 7 : Perfomance data production control room ................................. 93! Tabel 8 : Perfomance data Green room .................................................... 94! Tabel 9 : Perfomance data Dressing room ............................................... 95! Tabel 10 : Perfomance data Workshop ..................................................... 96! Tabel 11: Perfomance data Stock Unit ..................................................... 97! Tabel 12 : Perfomance data Equipment room .......................................... 98! Tabel 13 : Perfomance data Foley room ................................................... 99! Tabel 14 : Perfomance data Scoring room ............................................. 100! Tabel 15 : Perfomance data Sound and Audio transferring room ........... 101! Tabel 16 : Perfomance data Audio dubbing studio ................................. 102! Tabel 17 : Perfomance data Sound editorial room .................................. 103! Tabel 18 : Perfomance data Ruang editing offline .................................. 104! Tabel 19 : Perfomance data Editing Online ............................................ 105! Tabel 20 : Perfomance data Laboratorium foto ....................................... 107! Tabel 21 : Perfomance data Ruang Visual effects .................................. 107!

  Tabel 22 : Perfomance data Ruang Composting .................................... 109! Tabel 23 : Perfomance data Ruang mixing ............................................. 110! Tabel 24 : Perfomance data Photoshoot studio ...................................... 110! Tabel 25 : Perfomance data Screening room ......................................... 111! Tabel 26 : Perfomance data Klinik .......................................................... 113! Tabel 27 : Perfomance data Kafetaria .................................................... 114! Tabel 28 : Perfomance data Lapangan Olahraga ................................... 114! Tabel 29 : Perfomance data Ruang Serbaguna ...................................... 115! Tabel 30 : Perfomance data Ruang recepsionis ..................................... 116! Tabel 31 : Perfomance data Ruang rapat ............................................... 117! Tabel 32 : Perfomance data Ruang Eksekutif Produser ......................... 118! Tabel 33 : Perfomance data ruang produser .......................................... 119! Tabel 34 : Perfomance data Ruang Unit Manager .................................. 120! Tabel 35 : Perfomance data ruang koordinator produksi ........................ 121! Tabel 36 : Perfomance data ruang produksi ........................................... 122! Tabel 37 : Perfomance data Ruang Direktur Utama ............................... 123! Tabel 38 : Perfomance data Ruang manager ......................................... 124! Tabel 39 : Perfomance data Ruang sekertariat ...................................... 125! Tabel 40 : Perfomance data Ruang Bendahara ...................................... 126! Tabel 41 : Perfomance data Ruang HRD ............................................... 127! Tabel 42 : Perfomance data Ruang Staff ................................................ 128! Tabel 43 : Perfomance data Ruang Arsip ............................................... 129! Tabel 44 : Perfomance data Lavatory ..................................................... 130!

  Tabel 45 : Perfomance data Ruang Janitor ............................................ 131! Tabel 46 : Perfomance data Pantry ........................................................ 132! Tabel 47 : Perfomance data Ruang CCTV ............................................. 133! Tabel 48 : Perfomance data Ruang MEE ............................................... 134! Tabel 49 : Perfomance data Genset ....................................................... 135! Tabel 50 : Perfomance data Ruang AHU ................................................ 136! Tabel 51 : Perfomance data Gudang ...................................................... 137! Tabel 52 : Perfomance data Pos keamanan ........................................... 138! Tabel 53 : Jumlah Pengelola Kegiatan Produksi Film ............................. 145! Tabel 54 : Jumlah Pengelola kegiatan pengelolaan ............................... 148! Tabel 55 : Studi Besaran Backlot ............................................................ 151! Tabel 56 : Studi Besaran Soundstage A ................................................. 152! Tabel 57 : Studi Besaran Soundstage B ................................................. 152! Tabel 58 : Studi Besaran Workshop ....................................................... 152! Tabel 59 : Studi Besaran Bangunan Pengelola dan Editing ................... 153! Tabel 60 : Studi Besaran perhitungan akhir ............................................ 154! Tabel 61 : Tabel Perbandingan kelurahan di Kecamatan Pagedangan .. 205! Tabel 62 : Tabel Perbandingan Keluarahan di Kecamatan Legok .......... 206! Tabel 63 : Matriks kualitas Lokasi ........................................................... 207! Tabel 64 : Spesifikasi Tapak Satu ........................................................... 208! Tabel 65 : Spesifikasi Tapak Kedua ........................................................ 211! Tabel 66 : Studi Besaran Backlot ............................................................ 218! Tabel 67 : Studi Besaran Soundstage A ................................................. 219!

  Tabel 68 : Studi Besaran Soundstage B ................................................. 219! Tabel 69 : Studi Besaran Workshop ....................................................... 219! Tabel 70 : Studi Besaran Bangunan Pengelola dan Editing ................... 220! Tabel 71 : Studi Besaran Perhitungan Akhir ........................................... 221! Tabel 72 : Pemilihan Program Sub Structure .......................................... 223! Tabel 73 : Pemilihan Program Super Structure ...................................... 224! Tabel 74 : Pemilihan Program Enclousure Penutup Lantai .................... 225! Tabel 75 : Pemilihan Program Enclousure Dinding ................................ 226! Tabel 76 : Pemilihan Program Enclousure Plafond ................................ 227! Tabel 77 : Pemilihan Program Pencahayaan Buatan ............................. 227! Tabel 78 : Pemilihan Program Penghawaan Buatan .............................. 227! Tabel 79 : Pemilihan Program SIstem Air Bersih .................................... 228! Tabel 80 : Pemilihan Program Sistem Pengolahan Limbah .................... 228! Tabel 81 : Pemilihan Program Telekomunikasi ....................................... 229! Tabel 82 : Pemilihan Program Keamanan .............................................. 229! Tabel 83 : Pemilihan Program Telekomunikasi ....................................... 229! Tabel 84 : Pemilihan Program Pengamanan Kebakaran ........................ 230! Tabel 85 : Pemilihan Program Transportasi Vertical ............................... 231! Tabel 86 : Pemilihan Program Pemanfaatan Teknologi .......................... 231! Tabel 87 : Spesifikasi Tapak A ................................................................ 233! Tabel 88 : Noise control Criteria .............................................................. 242! Tabel 89 : Sound Absosrbtion ................................................................. 243!