Mengukur kinerja unit pengolahan air limbah home industry batik di kelurahan Laweyan Surakarta COVER
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ........................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .......................................................................... ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ iii
HALAMAN MOTTO ........................................................................................ iv
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ......................................................................... v
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... vii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................ 2
1.3. Batasan Masalah ........................................................................... 2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................... 3
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................ 3
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI
2.1. Tinjauan Pustaka .......................................................................... 4
2.2. Landasan Teori ............................................................................. 5
2.2.1. Pengolahan Limbah ............................................................ 5
2.2.2. Limbah Industri .................................................................. 13
2.2.3. Pengelolaan Limbah Cair Industri ..................................... 14
2.2.4. Penggunaan Pewarna pada Industri Batik .......................... 15
2.2.5. Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Batik DEWATS............ 18
2.2.6. Penyerapan .........................................................................
25
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2.2.7. Karakteristik Air Limbah Industri Batik ........................... 28
2.2.8. Efisiensi Pengolahan Limbah Batik .................................. 31
2.2.9. Baku Mutu Air................................................................... 32
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
3.1. Jenis Penelitian ............................................................................ 34
3.2. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ...................................................... 34
3.3. Obyek Penelitian ......................................................................... 36
3.4. Langkah - Langakah Penelitian ................................................... 37
3.5. Permohonan Ijin .......................................................................... 37
3.6. Alat dan Bahan ............................................................................ 37
3.7. Prosedur Penelitian ...................................................................... 38
3.7.1. Mengambil Sampel Sebelum dan Sesudah dari IPAL ....... 38
3.7.2. Mengetahui Nilai Dari Beberapa Parameter ..................... 40
3.8.
Mencari Data atau Informasi ..................................................... 40
3.9.
Mengolah Data & Analisis Data................................................ 40
3.10.
Penyusunan Laporan ................................................................. 41
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1. IPAL DEWATS .......................................................................... 42
4.1.1. Kinerja Penggunaan Bak-Bak pada IPAL DEWATS ........ 42
4.1.2. Jalur Pemipaan Kampung Batik Laweyan ......................... 45
4.2. Analisis Data ................................................................................. 45
4.2.1. Data Instalasi Keadaan Fisik Efisiensi IPAL DEWATS
Laweyan .............................................................................. 45
4.3. Hasil Laboratorium ....................................................................... 46
4.4. Analisa Kandungan Parameter ...................................................... 48
4.5. Pembahasan ................................................................................... 52
4.5.1. Efisiensi.............................................................................. 52
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BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................. 54
5.2. Saran . .......................................................................................... 55
PENUTUP .......................................................................................................... xiv
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ xv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xvi
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1.
Unit Fisika dan Fungsinya …………………...................
7
Tabel 2.2.
Kemampuan Arang Tempurung Kelapa…........................
27
Tabel 2.3.
Baku Mutu Air Limbah Bagi Kawasan Industri ………
32
Tabel 4.1.
Tabel Keadaan Fisik Efisiensi IPAL DEWATS Laweyan
46
Tabel 4.2.
Kandungan Parameter Air Limbah Sampel I Sebelum
Proses ……………………………………….................
Tabel 4.3.
47
Kandungan Parameter Air Limbah Sampel II Setelah
Proses …….........................................................................
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1.
Pengelompokan Unit Pengolahan Limbah............................
6
Gambar 2.2.
Pengolahan Limbah Secara Anaerob dan Aerob…….......…
11
Gambar 2.3.
Proses Pengolahan IPAL Dewats……………………..........
19
Gambar 2.4.
Struktur Institusi/Badan Pengelola IPAL Kampung Batik
Laweyan………………………...........................................
25
Gambar 2.5.
Arang Batok Kelapa …………….……................................
26
Gambar 3.1.
Papan Nama IPAL Dewats……………………..….............
34
Gambar 3.2.
Carbon Filter, Kolam Aerasi dan Bak Kontrol………….....
35
Gambar 3.3.
Bak Stabilisasi dan Filter Anaerob................……………....
35
Gambar 3.4.
Baffle Reaktor dan Bak Sedimentasi...................................
36
Gambar 3.5.
Equalisasi Anaerob………………………...........................
36
Gambar 3.6.
Botol Sampel…………..........……………..........................
38
Gambar 3.7.
Bak Awal Masuknya Limbah dari Home Industry...............
39
Gambar 3.8.
Bak Akhir Keluarnya Limbah yang Akan di buang ke
Sungai..................................................................................
39
Gambar 3.9.
Diagram Alir Proses Penelitian………………………….....
41
Gambar 4.1.
Denah IPAL Dewats Laweyan..... ........…………………..
42
Gambar 4.2.
Denah Jalur Pemipaan IPAL Dewats Laweyan …………...
45
Gambar 4.3.
Grafik Kandungan Parameter COD Air Sampel...................
49
Gambar 4.4.
Grafik Kandungan Parameter Cr Total Air Sampel..............
50
Gambar 4.5.
Grafik Kandungan Parameter Warna Air Sampel...............
51
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ........................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .......................................................................... ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ iii
HALAMAN MOTTO ........................................................................................ iv
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ......................................................................... v
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... vii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................ 2
1.3. Batasan Masalah ........................................................................... 2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................... 3
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................ 3
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI
2.1. Tinjauan Pustaka .......................................................................... 4
2.2. Landasan Teori ............................................................................. 5
2.2.1. Pengolahan Limbah ............................................................ 5
2.2.2. Limbah Industri .................................................................. 13
2.2.3. Pengelolaan Limbah Cair Industri ..................................... 14
2.2.4. Penggunaan Pewarna pada Industri Batik .......................... 15
2.2.5. Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Batik DEWATS............ 18
2.2.6. Penyerapan .........................................................................
25
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2.2.7. Karakteristik Air Limbah Industri Batik ........................... 28
2.2.8. Efisiensi Pengolahan Limbah Batik .................................. 31
2.2.9. Baku Mutu Air................................................................... 32
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
3.1. Jenis Penelitian ............................................................................ 34
3.2. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ...................................................... 34
3.3. Obyek Penelitian ......................................................................... 36
3.4. Langkah - Langakah Penelitian ................................................... 37
3.5. Permohonan Ijin .......................................................................... 37
3.6. Alat dan Bahan ............................................................................ 37
3.7. Prosedur Penelitian ...................................................................... 38
3.7.1. Mengambil Sampel Sebelum dan Sesudah dari IPAL ....... 38
3.7.2. Mengetahui Nilai Dari Beberapa Parameter ..................... 40
3.8.
Mencari Data atau Informasi ..................................................... 40
3.9.
Mengolah Data & Analisis Data................................................ 40
3.10.
Penyusunan Laporan ................................................................. 41
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1. IPAL DEWATS .......................................................................... 42
4.1.1. Kinerja Penggunaan Bak-Bak pada IPAL DEWATS ........ 42
4.1.2. Jalur Pemipaan Kampung Batik Laweyan ......................... 45
4.2. Analisis Data ................................................................................. 45
4.2.1. Data Instalasi Keadaan Fisik Efisiensi IPAL DEWATS
Laweyan .............................................................................. 45
4.3. Hasil Laboratorium ....................................................................... 46
4.4. Analisa Kandungan Parameter ...................................................... 48
4.5. Pembahasan ................................................................................... 52
4.5.1. Efisiensi.............................................................................. 52
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BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................. 54
5.2. Saran . .......................................................................................... 55
PENUTUP .......................................................................................................... xiv
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ xv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xvi
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1.
Unit Fisika dan Fungsinya …………………...................
7
Tabel 2.2.
Kemampuan Arang Tempurung Kelapa…........................
27
Tabel 2.3.
Baku Mutu Air Limbah Bagi Kawasan Industri ………
32
Tabel 4.1.
Tabel Keadaan Fisik Efisiensi IPAL DEWATS Laweyan
46
Tabel 4.2.
Kandungan Parameter Air Limbah Sampel I Sebelum
Proses ……………………………………….................
Tabel 4.3.
47
Kandungan Parameter Air Limbah Sampel II Setelah
Proses …….........................................................................
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1.
Pengelompokan Unit Pengolahan Limbah............................
6
Gambar 2.2.
Pengolahan Limbah Secara Anaerob dan Aerob…….......…
11
Gambar 2.3.
Proses Pengolahan IPAL Dewats……………………..........
19
Gambar 2.4.
Struktur Institusi/Badan Pengelola IPAL Kampung Batik
Laweyan………………………...........................................
25
Gambar 2.5.
Arang Batok Kelapa …………….……................................
26
Gambar 3.1.
Papan Nama IPAL Dewats……………………..….............
34
Gambar 3.2.
Carbon Filter, Kolam Aerasi dan Bak Kontrol………….....
35
Gambar 3.3.
Bak Stabilisasi dan Filter Anaerob................……………....
35
Gambar 3.4.
Baffle Reaktor dan Bak Sedimentasi...................................
36
Gambar 3.5.
Equalisasi Anaerob………………………...........................
36
Gambar 3.6.
Botol Sampel…………..........……………..........................
38
Gambar 3.7.
Bak Awal Masuknya Limbah dari Home Industry...............
39
Gambar 3.8.
Bak Akhir Keluarnya Limbah yang Akan di buang ke
Sungai..................................................................................
39
Gambar 3.9.
Diagram Alir Proses Penelitian………………………….....
41
Gambar 4.1.
Denah IPAL Dewats Laweyan..... ........…………………..
42
Gambar 4.2.
Denah Jalur Pemipaan IPAL Dewats Laweyan …………...
45
Gambar 4.3.
Grafik Kandungan Parameter COD Air Sampel...................
49
Gambar 4.4.
Grafik Kandungan Parameter Cr Total Air Sampel..............
50
Gambar 4.5.
Grafik Kandungan Parameter Warna Air Sampel...............
51
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