ai3 indonesia activity report september 1998
AI3 Indonesia
Activity Report
AI3@ITB.ac.id
Focus
Existing Implemented Infrastructure.
Experience in Building an AII.
Low Cost Technology To Educate
Indonesia.
Low cost is the real challenge
Our situation
Develop by University
Implemented & Run by Education
Sector
Thanks to AI3, WIDE,
JCSAT without whom all of
these activities never
exists!
Outline
Historical Perspective
Current Infrastructure.
Brief overview on our research
results in:
physical layer.
Network layer.
Application layer.
Experience in Internet
building
January 1993 - Suryono (Texas) install
a packet radio 1200bps to LAPAN.
LAPAN 1200bps to BPPT & Internet
64Kbps.
286 PC as gateway! to connect the
whole ITB campus.
Software NOS (running on DOS) as
gateway.
Indonesia Topology Jan.1993
LAPAN
LAPAN
1200
1200bpsbpsUHFUHF
BPPT
BPPT
Amateur Packet Radio AX.25
at 1200bps InterNet
InterNet
Starts from simple equipment
We grow the community
1200
1200bpsbps
UHFUHF
1200
1200bpsbps
2 2Meteran
Meteran
Universitas
UniversitasIndonesia
Indonesia
PC Gateway 286!
ITB
ITB
LAN
LAN
ITB in 1995
Telkom Leased Line at 14.4Kbps
RISTI-Telkom to BPPT 64Kbps.
ITB uses FreeBSD (UNIX) as Router &
Server.
For the first time ITB sees Web in
Internet.
ITB learns to build a campus network
(how to handle the lightning).
Typical ITB Campus Net
Web
WebServer
Server/ DNS
/ DNS
PCPCGateway
Gateway
Internet
Internet
LAN
LAN
Backbone
BackboneKampus
Kampus(Thick
(ThickEthernet)
Ethernet)
PCPCRouter
Router
PCPCRouter
Router
LAN
LAN
LAN
LAN
Server
ServerNovell
Novell/ UNIX
/ UNIX
Server
Server(Novell
(Novell/ UNIX)
/ UNIX)
ITB Today ....
T1 Satelite link to Japan.
2Mbps link to Indonesia IX.
VSAT TDMA & SCPC to various universities.
4Mbps Uwave Jakarta-Bandung.
128 Kbps to Jakarta, Surabaya & Malang.
WaveLAN 2Mbps for Metropolitan
Area Network (MAN).
ITB Network Operation
Center
JCSAT-3
To Japan 1.55Mbps
2Mbps
IX Telkom
Jakarta - 4Mbps
Malang - 128Kbps
Surabaya - 128Kbps
Palapa C1
VSAT TDMA
128/64Kbps
Internet Exchange
Terrestrial
Network
cache
cache
VSAT SCPC
19.2-64K
router
Ethernet
Indonesia Exchange
Access Server
router
router
ITB
Network
CDMA
2Mbps
AX.25
Packet Radio
JCSAT-3
JCSAT-3
To ToJapan
Japan1.55Mbps
1.55Mbps
2Mbps
2Mbps
IX IXTelkom
Telkom
Jakarta
Jakarta- 4Mbps
- 4Mbps
Malang
128Kbps
Malang - 128Kbps
Surabaya
Surabaya- 128Kbps
- 128Kbps
VSAT
VSATTDMA
TDMA
128/64Kbps
128/64Kbps
Internet Exchange
Internet Exchange
Connect to 6 Universities
Connection to
IIX via RadNet
Terrestrial
Terrestrial
Network
Network
cachecache
cachecache
VSAT
VSATSCPC
SCPC
19.2-64K
19.2-64K
routerrouter
5 Universities / Research Inst
7 UniversitiesSCPC
via
Connect
3 Universities
> 10 educational
institutions
VSAT
TDMA
Ethernet
Ethernet
Palapa C1
Palapa C1
Indonesia Exchange
Indonesia Exchange
Access
AccessServer
Server
routerrouter
routerrouter
ITBITB
Network
Network
AX.25
AX.25
Packet
PacketRadio
Radio
CDMA
CDMA
2Mbps
2Mbps
Key to Success
Involving
students
Gives
incentives
The more people
in
the
process!
for
education!
the lower the cost
Human Resource
Development!
Self-financing!
Community-base
National Policy / Activities
AI3 Indonesia has been connecting
27+ educational institutions to
Internet.
AI3 Indonesia is becoming a test bed
for Indonesia AII.
AI3 Indonesia actives at National NII
policy level at http://n21.ac-id.net/
Results in Physical Layer
Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA.
VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC Network.
Low Cost Access for Schools.
Internet Access for Amateur Radio
VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC
VSAT TDMA 128Kbps Outbound
VSAT TDMA 64Kbps Inbound
VSAT TDMA is not suitable for Internet
application (especially Web).
Tune TDM for 40 byte (originally
256byte packet).
Migrate to VSAT SCPC (min) 19.2Kbps.
Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA
Uses Lucent CDMA 2Mbps card
915MHz 250mW.
Run on FreeBSD.
Homebrew antenna (cost ~US$150).
Max. distance 15km (use PA for more).
Most of our high speed MAN using this
technology.
Consequences CDMA 2Mbps
bypassing local line.
We promote different alternative for
building high speed network.
Homebrew 64-256Kbps
packet radio
We are prototyping 64-256Kbps packet
radio network in the lab by
adnan@itb.ac.id.
AX.25 link layer protocol is used.
GMSK MX 589 one chip modem is used.
We drive the modem via parallel port.
MMIC Minicircuit is being build for
transverter.
Block Diagram
DMA
Interface
card
PC/Linux
TxCLK
TxData
RxCLK
RxData
DCD
PTT
Baseband
GMSK
modem
chip
MX589
FM Tx
board
FM Rx
board
Homebrew 64-200Kbps
Modem
TX & RX Board
VHF CB Frequency
Low Cost Access for Schools
AX.25 1200bps Packet Radio
Network.
Proxy Server.
Dial on Demand for Web &
Interactive Internet Access.
AX.AX.2525
Network
Network
AX.AX.2525
Radio
Radio Schools
IntraNet for High
Packet
PacketRadiRadio oGateway
Gateway
24
hours
Proxy & Dial-on-Demand
Packet
Radio
for Web
on Demand
E-mail
SMU
SMU//
SMP
SMP
InInterNet
terNet
Proxy
Proxy&&
DiDiaal lononDemand
Demand
Soundblaster Modem
PC running Linux
Software Modem Packet Radio for
Soundblaster
Connect SB-10 to Radio
Speed 1200-9600bps.
Amateur Radio Network
Jakarta
Bandung
Malang
AMPR.ORG NET
WORLD WIDE
AMPR.ORG
SALATIGA VHF
1200 bps
YB-NET
AMPR.ORG
SALATIGA
(DOS/NOS)
ITB GATEWAY
UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAH
YB2SVMALANG
(JOS SOEJOSO)
SALATIGA
ELEKTRINDO
NUSANTARA
ITB AMPR GATEWAY
HF (Nasional)
1200 bps
BANDUNG VHF
AMPR.ORG
INTERNET
(LINUX)
MALANG VHF
1200 bps
UMM
(DOS/NOS)
EN
(DOS/NOS)
JAKUT UHF
9600 bps
JAKUT VHF
1200 bps
VHF (Bandung)
1200 bps
Application Layer
TCP
AMPRNet IP (44.x.x.x)
InterNet IP
Link Layer (AX.25)
Physical Layer
Mobile Computing
IPv6 Test Bed
Background : The Internet growth caused there is a need for
new
generation of IP (Internet Protocol)
IPv6 Implementation using INRIA Rocquencourt’s IPv6
Implementation
which based on FreeBSD (2.2.2-RELEASE and 2.2.5RELEASE)
The participants are : ITB, (Institut Teknologi Bandung),
UNPAR
(Universitas Parahyangan), and UNILA (Universitas
Lampung)
Next step :
Expand IPv6 Network in AI3-Indonesia Network
Connect to 6Bone
Develop IPv6 Applications
UN PAR
A n te n a
B r id g e
W aveLA N
A n te n a
B r id g e
1 6 7 .2 0 5 .4 8 .3 9
IT B
1 6 7 .2 0 5 .2 2 .6
Jam us
U N IL A
M odem
M odem
1 6 7 .2 0 5 .4 8 .3 5
Reachability
IPv6 # ping6 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5
trying to get source for 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5
source should be 5f12:bc00:a7cd:1600:0:ffff:0:1
PING 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5
(5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=0 ttl=255
time=4.973 ms
64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=1 ttl=255
time=5.359 ms
64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=2 ttl=255
time=4.557 ms
ò^C
--- 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5 ping statistics --3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 4.557/4.963/5.359 ms
Exotick:
A Single-User Network
Operating System Based
By
Joko Yuliantoro
Computer Network Research
Group ITB
Traditional Kernel Design
Full Hardware Abstraction.
Centralized Resource Management.
Protection Mechanism / Multiplexing
Raw Hardware.
Hardware Abstraction
Large coverage to make it useful to
all applications.
Planned to accommodate all
interfaces from application to
hardware resources.
Trapped in vast small details that
make the abstraction composed of
inefficient codes and routines.
Impact on Kernel
Large Kernel Size.
Complex Algorithm.
Unreliable.
Inflexible.
Hard global optimization since too
many codes and routines are
affected.
Impact on Applications
Inefficient.
Complex Algorithm.
Can not grealty improve the
efficiency since many details have
been hidden away from application.
Exokernel Prototype Design
Created and introduced by Dawson R.
Engler and M. Frans Kaashoek from
MIT in January 1995.
Main principle is application should
manage all physical resources.
Exokernel should only manage
resources to the extent required by
protection.
Exokernel Prototype Design
Use distributed resource
management.
Exokernel concentrate on
multiplexing raw hardware.
Exotick
A single-user network operating
system based on Exokernel design.
As a start, planned to be a simple
TCP/IP router.
Focus on:
Simple operation & programming.
Smaller kernel size.
Fast response (real time).
Exotick
Use Assembler language for best
size and speed fulfillment.
Use Netwide Assembler (NASM)
version 0.97 as the compiler and
linker.
Exotick’s Feature
32-bit OS on Intel’s architecture.
Preemptive multitasking.
Flat memory model.
Small kernel size.
Fast response (real time).
Plain text user interface.
TCP/IP support.
Exotick Project Status
The project has been started since
August 1998.
The project will be completed by the
end of 1998.
Results in Network Layer
Network Monitoring by
ismail@cnrg.itb.ac.id.
Monitor at http://netmon.itb.ac.id/
Network Map
Sample of traffic by protocol, port, etc.
Graph of total traffic.
Traffic Distribution Grapher
Describes:
Comparison between Inbound and Outbound
Traffic
Traffic Distribution by Protocols
The Most Active Routers/Hosts by Protocols
Daily Usage Trend for some Protocols
Weekly Protocol Usage Trend
TDG
URL: http://netmon.itb.ac.id/
In vs Out
Host
Protokol
Trend
Benefits:
Behaviour of the users in ITB (AI3):
Subjects of interest
Sites to be visited
The rush hours
Most actives computer/host
Planning the traffic routing, firewalling,
etc.
Network Monitoring
“Scotty & Map Generator”
Scotty monitor
Connectivity
monitoring
Interface utility
monitoring
Web screen
Scotty monitor
http://netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Text Map
Web screen
Timeout alarm
E-mail to Administrator
http://netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Web screen
Interface Utility
Report
Results:
Reconfiguration of VSAT TDMA
interface speed for better
performance.
Monitoring the JAMUS (ITB-YWCN) link
performance.
To Lembong: 99.525 %
To Surabaya: 85.523 %
To Malang: 86.282 %
Max In:1222.8 kb/s (12.2%)
Max Out:1079.3 kb/s (10.8%)
Date 4 September 1998
Average In:736.6 kb/s (7.4%)
Average Out:566.4 kb/s (5.7%)
Current In:975.9 kb/s (9.8%)
Current Out:650.3 kb/s (6.5%)
System Platform:
Pentium 100
16 MB RAM
2,1 GB Hard disk
Operating System: FreeBSD
Main Software: Scotty/Tkined
(FreeWare) and TCPDUMP.
Under Xfree86 Windows
Results in Application Layer
Mailing Lists
English Technical Writting Course
distance learning test bed.
Cache & Cache Monitoring.
MPEG-3 Test Bed.
RealPublisher & NetShow test bed.
Cache
ITB has set several Parents cache.
Cache person is husni@itb.ac.id
We cache all of our Web traffic.
check out
http://www.lp.itb.ac.id/~cacher/
HTTP-Cache: What
Use of Proxy Server
Previously fetched WWW objects are
stored in Proxy Server
Proxy Server gives cached WWW
object instead of fetches it from
WWW server
Use of non-persistent caching
HTTP-Cache: Why
Web is the most popular application
on The Net
Web traffic in byte is about 40%
WAN link get congested
Most WWW objects are static
HTTP-Cache: Facts
HTTP-Cache reduces WAN traffic
More Effective than Server mirror
Cache Hierarchy
Cache-Server mesh
Collaborates using “parent-sibling”
relationship
Sibling: fetches WWW-object only if it
is found in local cache
Parent: always fetches requested
WWW-object
Cache Hierarchy at ITB
Network
cache-naist1.ai3.net
ns1.itb.ac.id
ns2.itb.ac.id
bandung-net
cache.lib.itb.ac.id
cache-en.itb.ac.id
sibling relationship
parent relationship
VSAT-net
Cache Usage Monitoring
Log files
Daily statistics
Web-based report
Cache stats: ns1.itb.ac.id
Cache stats: ns2.itb.ac.id
Cache Hit Rate
Results
Over 1.5Gbytes transferred data at a
normal work-day
Over 400Mbytes transferred data at
a weekend-day
Reduces upto 19% in HTTP traffic
Typical Cache Results
Hit requests
53.90%
Hit bytes 38.79%
Total requests 406.473
Total successfull requests
406.473
Average requests /day 695.980
Total bytes 582.499.684
Average bytes / day 997.383.525
Mailing Lists
Uses majordomo on FreeBSD
Run on Dual Pentium 166MHz 32Mb RAM.
More than 220 mailing lists at ITB. (more
than 75% Indonesian mailing lists).
More than 10.000 subscribers.
We are trying to build the community in
Indonesia.
Distance Learning
ITB’s Server:
http://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
http://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
http://InformationTechnology.ee.itb.a
c.id/
Test Bed Library Network
Pustakawan@itb.ac.id
library@itb.ac.id
cnrg@itb.ac.id
Large Selection of Catalog
Search Result
Java Working Group
Lead by
team4@students.ee.itb.ac.id,
namely: Fira, Raka cs.
Their Page is:
http://students.ee.itb.ac.id/~team4/lapo
ran/
Video Conference
25 October 1997: 14:00 Indonesia Time.
Three Cities: Bandung-Surabaya-Malang
CU-SeeMe & Its Reflector.
Aiming for high school network in
Indonesia.
July 1997: Panel Discussion on the
future of higher education (UNU).
Video on Demand
Supported by Microsoft & Progressive
Network Tools.
Splitter for UNFCC COP3 December
1997.
Publisher for “ITB’s Alumny
Congress” December 1997.
AI3 Indonesia Member
Activities
YWCN Malang, Surabaya, Denpasar.
UNPAR (University of Parahyangan
Bandung)
UNILA (University of Lampung).
Yayasan Widya Caraka
Nusantara (YWCN)
Vision :
Making the
knowledge more
accesible
Mission :
building the most
efficient way the
information network
for education
community
Mission implementation
:
Socialization program
(encouraging demand of
the Internet for education)
Scientific seminar
Guest lecturing
Internet Education panel discussion
Study group > 30 active members
Technology exhibition
Internet Talk show programme ‘97now
Provide Access and
Cooperative Network
(1):
Development
Dedicated connection
. 8 education institution ( > 2000 users)
Non dedicated connection (dial up lines ):
. Lecturers
: 120
Teachers : 75
Students
: 200
Provide Access and
Cooperative Network
Development
Faculty of Economics (2)
University Brawijaya
Malang
FTI - ITS - Surabaya
The State University of Malang (in progress)
STIE Malang Kucecwara
University of Bhayangkara - Surabaya
St.Albertus High School - Malang
WISH/BTC - Malang
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Polytechnic ITS Surabaya
Provide Access and
Cooperative Network
(3)
Development
Hosting for the information
contents
of education and research institutes :
- www and mailing list
Joint forces for internet education
and training programme
Equipment
18 x PC based server
2 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 mbps hub
2 x Access Server Telematic
Total Storage Capacity = 100
GigaByte
6 x Cisco Router
4 x @ 16 dial in port
Bandwidth
Surabaya/Malang - AI3 Indonesia
Gateway (ITB Bandung) = 256 kbps
Surabaya/Malang - Indosat (backup
link)
= 64 kbps
Applied Research
Activities
Wireless Network
Internet application for education
Network operating system
integration
Network Management
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Video Conferencing Oct
‘97 (1)
Link to :
Malang Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps wireless CDMA)
. YWCN Malang NOC
. St. Albertus High School
. FM 102 Broadcasting Station (radio live broadcasting)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Surabaya Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps wireless
CDMA)
. YWCN Surabaya NOC
. Campus of FTI-ITS Surabaya
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bandung (AI3-ITB) Indonesia gateway
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERCITY CONNECTED BY LEASED LINE 2 x 128 kbps
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Video Conferencing Oct ‘97
(2)
Installed equipment for test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
. YWCN Surabaya NOC (local center hub)
. St. Albertus High School Malang (venue of video
conference)
. FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)
. FTI-ITS Surabaya (venue of video conference)
. AI3-ITB Bandung (venue of video conference)
+ CuSeeMe Reflector at AI3-ITB Bandung
. Reflecting all client on all venue and radio station
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting
Dec ‘97
We’re doing this test during Panel Discussion of
Malang Internet Academic Network
+ The panel discussion was broadcasting live
simultanously to the Internet (video and audio) and to
the FM radio band (audio only)
Installed equipment on this test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
. STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
. FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)
+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at STIE Malang
Kucecwara (venue)
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting (2)
Installed equipment for test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
. STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
. FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)
+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at STIE Malang
Kucecwara (venue)
Archive (indonesian) of this panel discussion can be
reached at :
http://www.ywcn.or.id/diskusi.html
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting
during AI3 Indonesia 1st Annual Meeting
Surabaya - June 1998
Installed equipment for test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. Venue in Widya Mandala University campus - Surabaya
. YWCN Surabaya NOC
+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at Widya Mandala
University campus
- Research Currently work in progress
Building Electronic Commerce
. Collaboration with some universities and private sector
. Collaboration with Internet and Computer Network Study Group
Combining Internet/Online Marketing and
International Marketing
. Collaboration with Internet and Computer Network Study Group
. http://www,ywcn.or.id/inmark/
Using various low power Wireless CDMA for
long distance carrier
Bandwidth optimization and
network management on Ethernet Network
University of Lampung
(UNILA)
University of Lampung’s Website
*Library and Research
Information Exchange
*Increasing human
resources qualification
*Ready to be AI3
gateway for
educational institutions
in Sumatra
BBS Unilanet
University of Lampung
Unila’s Website:
offers us about:
General Information
of University of
Lampung
Journals and
Research Report
from some faculties
and department
Institutions in Unila
and their purposes
Students’ Activities
Information
Other Activities about
science and
technology, nature
conservation, and
hobbies
Relationship and
cooperation with other
universities in
education development
project
Some Journals online
pages::
Journal of Agrotropika
- contains of analysis and
research in agronomy
Journal of Social and
Agricultural Economics
- about social and agricultural
economics
Some Journals online
pages ::
Journal of Komunitas
- concern about social politics
and cultural issues.
Journal of Tropical Soils
- offers observations and
research about tropical soils
Some Journals online
pages::
Journal of Science
and Technology
- all about research
reports of math,
natural science, and
technological
implementations
Interests:
Wetlands International Indonesia
Program
- It is a part of a global organization
which the mission is “To sustain and
restore wetlands, their resources and
bio-diversity for future generations
through research, information
exchange, and conservation
activities”
Kite Aerial Photography
- shows the information about an
implementation of aerodynamics
technology in aerial photography
using kites, how to get clearer aerial
images with minimum cost.
University of
Lampung in a
Search Engine:
University of Lampung
do participating in the
global information
exchanges
University of Parahyangan
UNPAR
176 student users (http://student.
unpar.ac.id/cgi-bin/userlist)
348
university
staff
users
(
http://home.unpar.ac.id/cgi-bin/
userlist)
UNPAR Traffic
From our statistics with SNMP in our
router (maingtw) showing number of
data go out greater than data go in (
http://www2.unpar.ac.id/traffic/).
UNPAR Activities
Developing
software
from
public
sources (free software).
User Training
Searching information for research.
Mailing List / Discussions Platform
UNPAR Web at (http://www.unpar.ac.id/)
Collect and publish alumni data.
Summary
ITB has managed to integrate 20+
educational institutions to Internet.
Major IT used:
2Mbps CDMA Network.
Web based distance learning.
Real Publisher / Microsoft NetShow.
Key to success:
Mass Qualified Human Resource
References
http://ai3.itb.ac.id/
http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~yc1dav/
http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~cnrg/
http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~adnan/
http://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
http://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
http://netmon.itb.ac.id/
http://nic.itb.ac.id/
Activity Report
AI3@ITB.ac.id
Focus
Existing Implemented Infrastructure.
Experience in Building an AII.
Low Cost Technology To Educate
Indonesia.
Low cost is the real challenge
Our situation
Develop by University
Implemented & Run by Education
Sector
Thanks to AI3, WIDE,
JCSAT without whom all of
these activities never
exists!
Outline
Historical Perspective
Current Infrastructure.
Brief overview on our research
results in:
physical layer.
Network layer.
Application layer.
Experience in Internet
building
January 1993 - Suryono (Texas) install
a packet radio 1200bps to LAPAN.
LAPAN 1200bps to BPPT & Internet
64Kbps.
286 PC as gateway! to connect the
whole ITB campus.
Software NOS (running on DOS) as
gateway.
Indonesia Topology Jan.1993
LAPAN
LAPAN
1200
1200bpsbpsUHFUHF
BPPT
BPPT
Amateur Packet Radio AX.25
at 1200bps InterNet
InterNet
Starts from simple equipment
We grow the community
1200
1200bpsbps
UHFUHF
1200
1200bpsbps
2 2Meteran
Meteran
Universitas
UniversitasIndonesia
Indonesia
PC Gateway 286!
ITB
ITB
LAN
LAN
ITB in 1995
Telkom Leased Line at 14.4Kbps
RISTI-Telkom to BPPT 64Kbps.
ITB uses FreeBSD (UNIX) as Router &
Server.
For the first time ITB sees Web in
Internet.
ITB learns to build a campus network
(how to handle the lightning).
Typical ITB Campus Net
Web
WebServer
Server/ DNS
/ DNS
PCPCGateway
Gateway
Internet
Internet
LAN
LAN
Backbone
BackboneKampus
Kampus(Thick
(ThickEthernet)
Ethernet)
PCPCRouter
Router
PCPCRouter
Router
LAN
LAN
LAN
LAN
Server
ServerNovell
Novell/ UNIX
/ UNIX
Server
Server(Novell
(Novell/ UNIX)
/ UNIX)
ITB Today ....
T1 Satelite link to Japan.
2Mbps link to Indonesia IX.
VSAT TDMA & SCPC to various universities.
4Mbps Uwave Jakarta-Bandung.
128 Kbps to Jakarta, Surabaya & Malang.
WaveLAN 2Mbps for Metropolitan
Area Network (MAN).
ITB Network Operation
Center
JCSAT-3
To Japan 1.55Mbps
2Mbps
IX Telkom
Jakarta - 4Mbps
Malang - 128Kbps
Surabaya - 128Kbps
Palapa C1
VSAT TDMA
128/64Kbps
Internet Exchange
Terrestrial
Network
cache
cache
VSAT SCPC
19.2-64K
router
Ethernet
Indonesia Exchange
Access Server
router
router
ITB
Network
CDMA
2Mbps
AX.25
Packet Radio
JCSAT-3
JCSAT-3
To ToJapan
Japan1.55Mbps
1.55Mbps
2Mbps
2Mbps
IX IXTelkom
Telkom
Jakarta
Jakarta- 4Mbps
- 4Mbps
Malang
128Kbps
Malang - 128Kbps
Surabaya
Surabaya- 128Kbps
- 128Kbps
VSAT
VSATTDMA
TDMA
128/64Kbps
128/64Kbps
Internet Exchange
Internet Exchange
Connect to 6 Universities
Connection to
IIX via RadNet
Terrestrial
Terrestrial
Network
Network
cachecache
cachecache
VSAT
VSATSCPC
SCPC
19.2-64K
19.2-64K
routerrouter
5 Universities / Research Inst
7 UniversitiesSCPC
via
Connect
3 Universities
> 10 educational
institutions
VSAT
TDMA
Ethernet
Ethernet
Palapa C1
Palapa C1
Indonesia Exchange
Indonesia Exchange
Access
AccessServer
Server
routerrouter
routerrouter
ITBITB
Network
Network
AX.25
AX.25
Packet
PacketRadio
Radio
CDMA
CDMA
2Mbps
2Mbps
Key to Success
Involving
students
Gives
incentives
The more people
in
the
process!
for
education!
the lower the cost
Human Resource
Development!
Self-financing!
Community-base
National Policy / Activities
AI3 Indonesia has been connecting
27+ educational institutions to
Internet.
AI3 Indonesia is becoming a test bed
for Indonesia AII.
AI3 Indonesia actives at National NII
policy level at http://n21.ac-id.net/
Results in Physical Layer
Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA.
VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC Network.
Low Cost Access for Schools.
Internet Access for Amateur Radio
VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC
VSAT TDMA 128Kbps Outbound
VSAT TDMA 64Kbps Inbound
VSAT TDMA is not suitable for Internet
application (especially Web).
Tune TDM for 40 byte (originally
256byte packet).
Migrate to VSAT SCPC (min) 19.2Kbps.
Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA
Uses Lucent CDMA 2Mbps card
915MHz 250mW.
Run on FreeBSD.
Homebrew antenna (cost ~US$150).
Max. distance 15km (use PA for more).
Most of our high speed MAN using this
technology.
Consequences CDMA 2Mbps
bypassing local line.
We promote different alternative for
building high speed network.
Homebrew 64-256Kbps
packet radio
We are prototyping 64-256Kbps packet
radio network in the lab by
adnan@itb.ac.id.
AX.25 link layer protocol is used.
GMSK MX 589 one chip modem is used.
We drive the modem via parallel port.
MMIC Minicircuit is being build for
transverter.
Block Diagram
DMA
Interface
card
PC/Linux
TxCLK
TxData
RxCLK
RxData
DCD
PTT
Baseband
GMSK
modem
chip
MX589
FM Tx
board
FM Rx
board
Homebrew 64-200Kbps
Modem
TX & RX Board
VHF CB Frequency
Low Cost Access for Schools
AX.25 1200bps Packet Radio
Network.
Proxy Server.
Dial on Demand for Web &
Interactive Internet Access.
AX.AX.2525
Network
Network
AX.AX.2525
Radio
Radio Schools
IntraNet for High
Packet
PacketRadiRadio oGateway
Gateway
24
hours
Proxy & Dial-on-Demand
Packet
Radio
for Web
on Demand
SMU
SMU//
SMP
SMP
InInterNet
terNet
Proxy
Proxy&&
DiDiaal lononDemand
Demand
Soundblaster Modem
PC running Linux
Software Modem Packet Radio for
Soundblaster
Connect SB-10 to Radio
Speed 1200-9600bps.
Amateur Radio Network
Jakarta
Bandung
Malang
AMPR.ORG NET
WORLD WIDE
AMPR.ORG
SALATIGA VHF
1200 bps
YB-NET
AMPR.ORG
SALATIGA
(DOS/NOS)
ITB GATEWAY
UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAH
YB2SVMALANG
(JOS SOEJOSO)
SALATIGA
ELEKTRINDO
NUSANTARA
ITB AMPR GATEWAY
HF (Nasional)
1200 bps
BANDUNG VHF
AMPR.ORG
INTERNET
(LINUX)
MALANG VHF
1200 bps
UMM
(DOS/NOS)
EN
(DOS/NOS)
JAKUT UHF
9600 bps
JAKUT VHF
1200 bps
VHF (Bandung)
1200 bps
Application Layer
TCP
AMPRNet IP (44.x.x.x)
InterNet IP
Link Layer (AX.25)
Physical Layer
Mobile Computing
IPv6 Test Bed
Background : The Internet growth caused there is a need for
new
generation of IP (Internet Protocol)
IPv6 Implementation using INRIA Rocquencourt’s IPv6
Implementation
which based on FreeBSD (2.2.2-RELEASE and 2.2.5RELEASE)
The participants are : ITB, (Institut Teknologi Bandung),
UNPAR
(Universitas Parahyangan), and UNILA (Universitas
Lampung)
Next step :
Expand IPv6 Network in AI3-Indonesia Network
Connect to 6Bone
Develop IPv6 Applications
UN PAR
A n te n a
B r id g e
W aveLA N
A n te n a
B r id g e
1 6 7 .2 0 5 .4 8 .3 9
IT B
1 6 7 .2 0 5 .2 2 .6
Jam us
U N IL A
M odem
M odem
1 6 7 .2 0 5 .4 8 .3 5
Reachability
IPv6 # ping6 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5
trying to get source for 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5
source should be 5f12:bc00:a7cd:1600:0:ffff:0:1
PING 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5
(5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=0 ttl=255
time=4.973 ms
64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=1 ttl=255
time=5.359 ms
64 bytes from 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5: icmp6_seq=2 ttl=255
time=4.557 ms
ò^C
--- 5f12:bc00:a7cd:3000:2c0:26ff:feb0:49e5 ping statistics --3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 4.557/4.963/5.359 ms
Exotick:
A Single-User Network
Operating System Based
By
Joko Yuliantoro
Computer Network Research
Group ITB
Traditional Kernel Design
Full Hardware Abstraction.
Centralized Resource Management.
Protection Mechanism / Multiplexing
Raw Hardware.
Hardware Abstraction
Large coverage to make it useful to
all applications.
Planned to accommodate all
interfaces from application to
hardware resources.
Trapped in vast small details that
make the abstraction composed of
inefficient codes and routines.
Impact on Kernel
Large Kernel Size.
Complex Algorithm.
Unreliable.
Inflexible.
Hard global optimization since too
many codes and routines are
affected.
Impact on Applications
Inefficient.
Complex Algorithm.
Can not grealty improve the
efficiency since many details have
been hidden away from application.
Exokernel Prototype Design
Created and introduced by Dawson R.
Engler and M. Frans Kaashoek from
MIT in January 1995.
Main principle is application should
manage all physical resources.
Exokernel should only manage
resources to the extent required by
protection.
Exokernel Prototype Design
Use distributed resource
management.
Exokernel concentrate on
multiplexing raw hardware.
Exotick
A single-user network operating
system based on Exokernel design.
As a start, planned to be a simple
TCP/IP router.
Focus on:
Simple operation & programming.
Smaller kernel size.
Fast response (real time).
Exotick
Use Assembler language for best
size and speed fulfillment.
Use Netwide Assembler (NASM)
version 0.97 as the compiler and
linker.
Exotick’s Feature
32-bit OS on Intel’s architecture.
Preemptive multitasking.
Flat memory model.
Small kernel size.
Fast response (real time).
Plain text user interface.
TCP/IP support.
Exotick Project Status
The project has been started since
August 1998.
The project will be completed by the
end of 1998.
Results in Network Layer
Network Monitoring by
ismail@cnrg.itb.ac.id.
Monitor at http://netmon.itb.ac.id/
Network Map
Sample of traffic by protocol, port, etc.
Graph of total traffic.
Traffic Distribution Grapher
Describes:
Comparison between Inbound and Outbound
Traffic
Traffic Distribution by Protocols
The Most Active Routers/Hosts by Protocols
Daily Usage Trend for some Protocols
Weekly Protocol Usage Trend
TDG
URL: http://netmon.itb.ac.id/
In vs Out
Host
Protokol
Trend
Benefits:
Behaviour of the users in ITB (AI3):
Subjects of interest
Sites to be visited
The rush hours
Most actives computer/host
Planning the traffic routing, firewalling,
etc.
Network Monitoring
“Scotty & Map Generator”
Scotty monitor
Connectivity
monitoring
Interface utility
monitoring
Web screen
Scotty monitor
http://netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Text Map
Web screen
Timeout alarm
E-mail to Administrator
http://netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Web screen
Interface Utility
Report
Results:
Reconfiguration of VSAT TDMA
interface speed for better
performance.
Monitoring the JAMUS (ITB-YWCN) link
performance.
To Lembong: 99.525 %
To Surabaya: 85.523 %
To Malang: 86.282 %
Max In:1222.8 kb/s (12.2%)
Max Out:1079.3 kb/s (10.8%)
Date 4 September 1998
Average In:736.6 kb/s (7.4%)
Average Out:566.4 kb/s (5.7%)
Current In:975.9 kb/s (9.8%)
Current Out:650.3 kb/s (6.5%)
System Platform:
Pentium 100
16 MB RAM
2,1 GB Hard disk
Operating System: FreeBSD
Main Software: Scotty/Tkined
(FreeWare) and TCPDUMP.
Under Xfree86 Windows
Results in Application Layer
Mailing Lists
English Technical Writting Course
distance learning test bed.
Cache & Cache Monitoring.
MPEG-3 Test Bed.
RealPublisher & NetShow test bed.
Cache
ITB has set several Parents cache.
Cache person is husni@itb.ac.id
We cache all of our Web traffic.
check out
http://www.lp.itb.ac.id/~cacher/
HTTP-Cache: What
Use of Proxy Server
Previously fetched WWW objects are
stored in Proxy Server
Proxy Server gives cached WWW
object instead of fetches it from
WWW server
Use of non-persistent caching
HTTP-Cache: Why
Web is the most popular application
on The Net
Web traffic in byte is about 40%
WAN link get congested
Most WWW objects are static
HTTP-Cache: Facts
HTTP-Cache reduces WAN traffic
More Effective than Server mirror
Cache Hierarchy
Cache-Server mesh
Collaborates using “parent-sibling”
relationship
Sibling: fetches WWW-object only if it
is found in local cache
Parent: always fetches requested
WWW-object
Cache Hierarchy at ITB
Network
cache-naist1.ai3.net
ns1.itb.ac.id
ns2.itb.ac.id
bandung-net
cache.lib.itb.ac.id
cache-en.itb.ac.id
sibling relationship
parent relationship
VSAT-net
Cache Usage Monitoring
Log files
Daily statistics
Web-based report
Cache stats: ns1.itb.ac.id
Cache stats: ns2.itb.ac.id
Cache Hit Rate
Results
Over 1.5Gbytes transferred data at a
normal work-day
Over 400Mbytes transferred data at
a weekend-day
Reduces upto 19% in HTTP traffic
Typical Cache Results
Hit requests
53.90%
Hit bytes 38.79%
Total requests 406.473
Total successfull requests
406.473
Average requests /day 695.980
Total bytes 582.499.684
Average bytes / day 997.383.525
Mailing Lists
Uses majordomo on FreeBSD
Run on Dual Pentium 166MHz 32Mb RAM.
More than 220 mailing lists at ITB. (more
than 75% Indonesian mailing lists).
More than 10.000 subscribers.
We are trying to build the community in
Indonesia.
Distance Learning
ITB’s Server:
http://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
http://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
http://InformationTechnology.ee.itb.a
c.id/
Test Bed Library Network
Pustakawan@itb.ac.id
library@itb.ac.id
cnrg@itb.ac.id
Large Selection of Catalog
Search Result
Java Working Group
Lead by
team4@students.ee.itb.ac.id,
namely: Fira, Raka cs.
Their Page is:
http://students.ee.itb.ac.id/~team4/lapo
ran/
Video Conference
25 October 1997: 14:00 Indonesia Time.
Three Cities: Bandung-Surabaya-Malang
CU-SeeMe & Its Reflector.
Aiming for high school network in
Indonesia.
July 1997: Panel Discussion on the
future of higher education (UNU).
Video on Demand
Supported by Microsoft & Progressive
Network Tools.
Splitter for UNFCC COP3 December
1997.
Publisher for “ITB’s Alumny
Congress” December 1997.
AI3 Indonesia Member
Activities
YWCN Malang, Surabaya, Denpasar.
UNPAR (University of Parahyangan
Bandung)
UNILA (University of Lampung).
Yayasan Widya Caraka
Nusantara (YWCN)
Vision :
Making the
knowledge more
accesible
Mission :
building the most
efficient way the
information network
for education
community
Mission implementation
:
Socialization program
(encouraging demand of
the Internet for education)
Scientific seminar
Guest lecturing
Internet Education panel discussion
Study group > 30 active members
Technology exhibition
Internet Talk show programme ‘97now
Provide Access and
Cooperative Network
(1):
Development
Dedicated connection
. 8 education institution ( > 2000 users)
Non dedicated connection (dial up lines ):
. Lecturers
: 120
Teachers : 75
Students
: 200
Provide Access and
Cooperative Network
Development
Faculty of Economics (2)
University Brawijaya
Malang
FTI - ITS - Surabaya
The State University of Malang (in progress)
STIE Malang Kucecwara
University of Bhayangkara - Surabaya
St.Albertus High School - Malang
WISH/BTC - Malang
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Polytechnic ITS Surabaya
Provide Access and
Cooperative Network
(3)
Development
Hosting for the information
contents
of education and research institutes :
- www and mailing list
Joint forces for internet education
and training programme
Equipment
18 x PC based server
2 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 mbps hub
2 x Access Server Telematic
Total Storage Capacity = 100
GigaByte
6 x Cisco Router
4 x @ 16 dial in port
Bandwidth
Surabaya/Malang - AI3 Indonesia
Gateway (ITB Bandung) = 256 kbps
Surabaya/Malang - Indosat (backup
link)
= 64 kbps
Applied Research
Activities
Wireless Network
Internet application for education
Network operating system
integration
Network Management
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Video Conferencing Oct
‘97 (1)
Link to :
Malang Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps wireless CDMA)
. YWCN Malang NOC
. St. Albertus High School
. FM 102 Broadcasting Station (radio live broadcasting)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Surabaya Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps wireless
CDMA)
. YWCN Surabaya NOC
. Campus of FTI-ITS Surabaya
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bandung (AI3-ITB) Indonesia gateway
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERCITY CONNECTED BY LEASED LINE 2 x 128 kbps
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Video Conferencing Oct ‘97
(2)
Installed equipment for test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
. YWCN Surabaya NOC (local center hub)
. St. Albertus High School Malang (venue of video
conference)
. FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)
. FTI-ITS Surabaya (venue of video conference)
. AI3-ITB Bandung (venue of video conference)
+ CuSeeMe Reflector at AI3-ITB Bandung
. Reflecting all client on all venue and radio station
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting
Dec ‘97
We’re doing this test during Panel Discussion of
Malang Internet Academic Network
+ The panel discussion was broadcasting live
simultanously to the Internet (video and audio) and to
the FM radio band (audio only)
Installed equipment on this test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
. STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
. FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)
+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at STIE Malang
Kucecwara (venue)
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting (2)
Installed equipment for test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
. STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
. FM 102 Radio Station (radio live broadcasting)
+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at STIE Malang
Kucecwara (venue)
Archive (indonesian) of this panel discussion can be
reached at :
http://www.ywcn.or.id/diskusi.html
Wireless MAN Test for
Low Cost Real Audio Broadcasting
during AI3 Indonesia 1st Annual Meeting
Surabaya - June 1998
Installed equipment for test :
+ Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps located at :
. Venue in Widya Mandala University campus - Surabaya
. YWCN Surabaya NOC
+ Real Audio Encoder & Server located at Widya Mandala
University campus
- Research Currently work in progress
Building Electronic Commerce
. Collaboration with some universities and private sector
. Collaboration with Internet and Computer Network Study Group
Combining Internet/Online Marketing and
International Marketing
. Collaboration with Internet and Computer Network Study Group
. http://www,ywcn.or.id/inmark/
Using various low power Wireless CDMA for
long distance carrier
Bandwidth optimization and
network management on Ethernet Network
University of Lampung
(UNILA)
University of Lampung’s Website
*Library and Research
Information Exchange
*Increasing human
resources qualification
*Ready to be AI3
gateway for
educational institutions
in Sumatra
BBS Unilanet
University of Lampung
Unila’s Website:
offers us about:
General Information
of University of
Lampung
Journals and
Research Report
from some faculties
and department
Institutions in Unila
and their purposes
Students’ Activities
Information
Other Activities about
science and
technology, nature
conservation, and
hobbies
Relationship and
cooperation with other
universities in
education development
project
Some Journals online
pages::
Journal of Agrotropika
- contains of analysis and
research in agronomy
Journal of Social and
Agricultural Economics
- about social and agricultural
economics
Some Journals online
pages ::
Journal of Komunitas
- concern about social politics
and cultural issues.
Journal of Tropical Soils
- offers observations and
research about tropical soils
Some Journals online
pages::
Journal of Science
and Technology
- all about research
reports of math,
natural science, and
technological
implementations
Interests:
Wetlands International Indonesia
Program
- It is a part of a global organization
which the mission is “To sustain and
restore wetlands, their resources and
bio-diversity for future generations
through research, information
exchange, and conservation
activities”
Kite Aerial Photography
- shows the information about an
implementation of aerodynamics
technology in aerial photography
using kites, how to get clearer aerial
images with minimum cost.
University of
Lampung in a
Search Engine:
University of Lampung
do participating in the
global information
exchanges
University of Parahyangan
UNPAR
176 student users (http://student.
unpar.ac.id/cgi-bin/userlist)
348
university
staff
users
(
http://home.unpar.ac.id/cgi-bin/
userlist)
UNPAR Traffic
From our statistics with SNMP in our
router (maingtw) showing number of
data go out greater than data go in (
http://www2.unpar.ac.id/traffic/).
UNPAR Activities
Developing
software
from
public
sources (free software).
User Training
Searching information for research.
Mailing List / Discussions Platform
UNPAR Web at (http://www.unpar.ac.id/)
Collect and publish alumni data.
Summary
ITB has managed to integrate 20+
educational institutions to Internet.
Major IT used:
2Mbps CDMA Network.
Web based distance learning.
Real Publisher / Microsoft NetShow.
Key to success:
Mass Qualified Human Resource
References
http://ai3.itb.ac.id/
http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~yc1dav/
http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~cnrg/
http://xxx.itb.ac.id/~adnan/
http://distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
http://virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
http://netmon.itb.ac.id/
http://nic.itb.ac.id/