A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS ON COMMANDING UTTERANCES IN ANIMATION MOVIE MANUSCRIPT A pragmatics analysis on commanding utterances in animation movie manuscript.
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS ON COMMANDING UTTERANCES
IN ANIMATION MOVIE MANUSCRIPT
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
RISMAWATI
A 320 100 034
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
“Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best disposer
of affairs (for us).”
(Q.S. Al-Imran: 173)
“The only source of knowledge is experience.”
(Albert Einstein)
“The person who doesn’t make mistakes is unlikely to
make anything”
(Paul Arden)
“Along with the God, everything can be possible.”
(The Writer)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper in specially is dedicated for:
H er A ll-K now ing A llah,
M y father N gasto(A
gasto lm ) and m y m other D aryuni,
aryuni ,
The A pple in m y eye,
eye , and
M y friends.
friends .
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu'alaikumWr. Wb.
Alhamdulilahirobil ‘alamin, for blessing and guidance from Allah SWT
who has given allowance for her to accomplish this research paper. Sholawat and
Salam are also for our prophet Muhammad SAW who brings us from the darkness
to the lightness. The writer would not be able to finish this study without the
support from some people around her. So, she would like to express her thanksfull
and her respect to:
1.
Prof Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum, as Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who
have given permission to the writer in writing this paper,
2.
Mauly Halwat Hikmat., Ph.D, as Head of English Department of School
Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
who has given permission to write this research.
3.
Drs. Agus Wijayanto, ph.D, as the first consultant who gives her help,
guidance, advices, supports and corrections of finishing this research paper
patiently.
4.
Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum as the first consultant who gives her help,
guidance, advices, supports and corrections of finishing this research paper
patiently.
5.
Dra. Siti Zuhriyah A., M.Hum. as the third examiner of this research.
vii
6.
Her beloved father and mother for her great love and pray persistently, so
that she can be easy in going through everything.
7.
Her beloved aunty who gives the spirit to always do the research paper.
8.
Her amazing friends in “Wisma Ari and Al-Husna” boarding house
especially for their support, jokes and togetherness.
9.
Her friend in class A 2010. Thank for all support and kindness.
The writer realized this study is far form being perfect, because her limited
of capability. Therefore, she would like to thank for the readers if they can gives
opinion, suggestion, and criticism to make to better. She wishes this papaer would
give useful and beneficial for the readers.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb
Surakarta, November 22nd, 2014
viii
SUMMARY
Rismawati,
A320100034,
A
PRAGMATICS
ANALYSIS
ON
COMMANDING
UTTERANCES
IN
ANIMATION
MOVIE
MANUSCRIPT. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2014.
This research aims at describing the linguistics form, the strategies and the
politeness strategies of commanding utterances in “Tangled” animation movie
manuscript. The research method applied in this study is qualitative approah. The
results of the research show that firstly, the linguistics forms of commanding
utterances found in Tangled animation movie manuscript of them are
declarative, positive imperative, negative imperative, imperative using Let’s,
interrogative, combination, assuring, asking a help, asking for attention,
arranging strategy, continuing adventure, getting angry, motivating, prohibiting,
to make someone in hurry, warning, and worrying. Secondly, the strategies of
commanding utterances found in the “Tangled” animation movie are positive
imperative and imperative sentence using let's. Thirdly, the politeness strategies
of commanding utterances found in the “Tangled” animation movie are 1) the
other-directed command uses both bald-on record and positive politeness, and
2) the self-directed command only uses bald-on record.
Key words: directive utterance, animation movie, linguistics form, strategies of
commanding, and politeness pattern.
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Agus Wijayanto, M.A, Ph.D
Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum
NIK: 978
NIK: 567
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno. M.Hum.
NIP. 19658428199303001
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITTLE ................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL .......................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY ........................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... vii
SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... .x
CHAPTER I :
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ...................................................... 1
B. The Scope of Study ............................................................... 4
C. Problem Statement ................................................................ 4
D.Objective of the Study............................................................ 4
E. Significant of the Study ......................................................... 5
F. Research Paper Organization ................................................. 5
CHAPTER II :
UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Pragmatics ............................................................................. 7
B. Speech Acts ........................................................................... 7
C. Directive Utterance ............................................................. 11
D. Command ............................................................................ 12
E. Previous Study ..................................................................... 13
F. Politeness ............................................................................. 17
1. Bald On Record ............................................................... 18
2. Positive Politeness ........................................................... 19
3. Negative Politeness ......................................................... 22
4. Off Record ....................................................................... 25
x
H. Movie ................................................................................. 29
G. Linguistic Forms ................................................................. 30
1. Word ........................................................................... 30
2. Phrase ........................................................................ 32
3. Clause ......................................................................... 34
4. Sentence ...................................................................... 34
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
A. Types of Research ............................................................... 38
B. Object of research................................................................ 38
C. Data Source ......................................................................... 38
D. Method of Collecting Data .................................................. 38
E. Method of Analazing Data .................................................. 39
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis ...................................................................... 40
1. Forms and Intention of Other-Directed Command ......... 40
a. Declarative ................................................................ 41
b. Imperative ................................................................... 42
1) Positive Imperative ............................................... 42
2) Negative Imperative .............................................. 44
3) Negative Imperative using “Let’s”......................... 46
c. Interrogative ............................................................... 48
d. Combination .............................................................. 48
e. The intention of the other-directed Command ........... 50
1) Asking for a help .................................................. 50
2) Asking for Attention ............................................ 50
3) Arranging a strategy ............................................. 51
4) Continuing Adventure .......................................... 52
5) Getting Angry ....................................................... 52
6) Persuading ............................................................. 53
xi
7) Motivating ............................................................ 54
8) Prohibiting ............................................................ 54
9) To make someone in Hurry ................................... 55
10) Warning .............................................................. 55
11) Worrying ............................................................ 56
2. Form and Intention of Self-directed Command.............. 57
a. Imperative .................................................................. 57
1) Positive Imperative ............................................... 57
2) Imperative sentence using “Let’s” ........................ 58
3. Politenes Used In Command .......................................... 57
a. Bald-on Record ......................................................... 57
1) Urgency ................................................................ 59
2) Communication Difficulties .................................. 60
3) Task Oriented ....................................................... 61
b. Positive Politeness .................................................... 62
1. Use in-Group Identity Marker ............................. 62
2. Assert or Presuppose S’s knowledge of and concern
for H’s wants ........................................................ 63
3. Be Optimistic ......................................................... 61
B. Discusion of Findings......................................................... 62
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 70
B. Suggestions ........................................................................ 71
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 72
APPENDIX ........................................................................................................ 74
xii
IN ANIMATION MOVIE MANUSCRIPT
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
RISMAWATI
A 320 100 034
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
“Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best disposer
of affairs (for us).”
(Q.S. Al-Imran: 173)
“The only source of knowledge is experience.”
(Albert Einstein)
“The person who doesn’t make mistakes is unlikely to
make anything”
(Paul Arden)
“Along with the God, everything can be possible.”
(The Writer)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper in specially is dedicated for:
H er A ll-K now ing A llah,
M y father N gasto(A
gasto lm ) and m y m other D aryuni,
aryuni ,
The A pple in m y eye,
eye , and
M y friends.
friends .
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu'alaikumWr. Wb.
Alhamdulilahirobil ‘alamin, for blessing and guidance from Allah SWT
who has given allowance for her to accomplish this research paper. Sholawat and
Salam are also for our prophet Muhammad SAW who brings us from the darkness
to the lightness. The writer would not be able to finish this study without the
support from some people around her. So, she would like to express her thanksfull
and her respect to:
1.
Prof Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum, as Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who
have given permission to the writer in writing this paper,
2.
Mauly Halwat Hikmat., Ph.D, as Head of English Department of School
Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
who has given permission to write this research.
3.
Drs. Agus Wijayanto, ph.D, as the first consultant who gives her help,
guidance, advices, supports and corrections of finishing this research paper
patiently.
4.
Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum as the first consultant who gives her help,
guidance, advices, supports and corrections of finishing this research paper
patiently.
5.
Dra. Siti Zuhriyah A., M.Hum. as the third examiner of this research.
vii
6.
Her beloved father and mother for her great love and pray persistently, so
that she can be easy in going through everything.
7.
Her beloved aunty who gives the spirit to always do the research paper.
8.
Her amazing friends in “Wisma Ari and Al-Husna” boarding house
especially for their support, jokes and togetherness.
9.
Her friend in class A 2010. Thank for all support and kindness.
The writer realized this study is far form being perfect, because her limited
of capability. Therefore, she would like to thank for the readers if they can gives
opinion, suggestion, and criticism to make to better. She wishes this papaer would
give useful and beneficial for the readers.
Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb
Surakarta, November 22nd, 2014
viii
SUMMARY
Rismawati,
A320100034,
A
PRAGMATICS
ANALYSIS
ON
COMMANDING
UTTERANCES
IN
ANIMATION
MOVIE
MANUSCRIPT. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2014.
This research aims at describing the linguistics form, the strategies and the
politeness strategies of commanding utterances in “Tangled” animation movie
manuscript. The research method applied in this study is qualitative approah. The
results of the research show that firstly, the linguistics forms of commanding
utterances found in Tangled animation movie manuscript of them are
declarative, positive imperative, negative imperative, imperative using Let’s,
interrogative, combination, assuring, asking a help, asking for attention,
arranging strategy, continuing adventure, getting angry, motivating, prohibiting,
to make someone in hurry, warning, and worrying. Secondly, the strategies of
commanding utterances found in the “Tangled” animation movie are positive
imperative and imperative sentence using let's. Thirdly, the politeness strategies
of commanding utterances found in the “Tangled” animation movie are 1) the
other-directed command uses both bald-on record and positive politeness, and
2) the self-directed command only uses bald-on record.
Key words: directive utterance, animation movie, linguistics form, strategies of
commanding, and politeness pattern.
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Drs. Agus Wijayanto, M.A, Ph.D
Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum
NIK: 978
NIK: 567
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno. M.Hum.
NIP. 19658428199303001
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITTLE ................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL .......................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY ........................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... vii
SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... .x
CHAPTER I :
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ...................................................... 1
B. The Scope of Study ............................................................... 4
C. Problem Statement ................................................................ 4
D.Objective of the Study............................................................ 4
E. Significant of the Study ......................................................... 5
F. Research Paper Organization ................................................. 5
CHAPTER II :
UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Pragmatics ............................................................................. 7
B. Speech Acts ........................................................................... 7
C. Directive Utterance ............................................................. 11
D. Command ............................................................................ 12
E. Previous Study ..................................................................... 13
F. Politeness ............................................................................. 17
1. Bald On Record ............................................................... 18
2. Positive Politeness ........................................................... 19
3. Negative Politeness ......................................................... 22
4. Off Record ....................................................................... 25
x
H. Movie ................................................................................. 29
G. Linguistic Forms ................................................................. 30
1. Word ........................................................................... 30
2. Phrase ........................................................................ 32
3. Clause ......................................................................... 34
4. Sentence ...................................................................... 34
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
A. Types of Research ............................................................... 38
B. Object of research................................................................ 38
C. Data Source ......................................................................... 38
D. Method of Collecting Data .................................................. 38
E. Method of Analazing Data .................................................. 39
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis ...................................................................... 40
1. Forms and Intention of Other-Directed Command ......... 40
a. Declarative ................................................................ 41
b. Imperative ................................................................... 42
1) Positive Imperative ............................................... 42
2) Negative Imperative .............................................. 44
3) Negative Imperative using “Let’s”......................... 46
c. Interrogative ............................................................... 48
d. Combination .............................................................. 48
e. The intention of the other-directed Command ........... 50
1) Asking for a help .................................................. 50
2) Asking for Attention ............................................ 50
3) Arranging a strategy ............................................. 51
4) Continuing Adventure .......................................... 52
5) Getting Angry ....................................................... 52
6) Persuading ............................................................. 53
xi
7) Motivating ............................................................ 54
8) Prohibiting ............................................................ 54
9) To make someone in Hurry ................................... 55
10) Warning .............................................................. 55
11) Worrying ............................................................ 56
2. Form and Intention of Self-directed Command.............. 57
a. Imperative .................................................................. 57
1) Positive Imperative ............................................... 57
2) Imperative sentence using “Let’s” ........................ 58
3. Politenes Used In Command .......................................... 57
a. Bald-on Record ......................................................... 57
1) Urgency ................................................................ 59
2) Communication Difficulties .................................. 60
3) Task Oriented ....................................................... 61
b. Positive Politeness .................................................... 62
1. Use in-Group Identity Marker ............................. 62
2. Assert or Presuppose S’s knowledge of and concern
for H’s wants ........................................................ 63
3. Be Optimistic ......................................................... 61
B. Discusion of Findings......................................................... 62
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 70
B. Suggestions ........................................................................ 71
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 72
APPENDIX ........................................................................................................ 74
xii