THE STRUGGLE TO GET FREEDOM IN FRANK DARABONT “THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL The Struggle To Get Freedom In Frank Darabont “The Shawshank Redemption” Movie: An Individual Psychological Approach.
THE STRUGGLE TO GET FREEDOM IN FRANK DARABONT
“THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
For Getting Bachelor Degree in English Department
By
ARIF SETIAWAN
A 320 040 062
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
i
ii
iii
TESTIMONY
I witness that there is no similar research that has been conducted before. This
research paper has been done by me honestly. In this research paper, I use my own
words and there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except the
written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the bibliography.
If in the future, there will be any incorrectness which is proved and contradicted with
my statement here, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, June 2013
The Writer
Arif Setiawan
iv
MOTTO
Practice makes perfect
Nobody is perfect
It’s difficult to be number one, but still more difficult to
be ourselves.
I ‘am just an ordinary people but have an extra ordinary
dream.
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
M y father and M other who have
sacrificed everything for me and always
support me with love, praying and trust.
M y beloved sister and bothers, thank for
love, attention, support and prayer.
M y beloved one who has always
supported me and helped me find the
meaning of my life, thank for
togetherness.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Alhamdulillahirabbil alamin, In the name of ALLAH SWT, the Merciful, The
Lord of the universe. It is because of His blessing and guidance, so that the writer is
finally able to finish his research paper. It is entitled “THE STRUGGLE TO GET
FREEDOM IN “THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” FRANK DARABONT’S
MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH”.
It is impossible to claim that the writer accomplishes the research paper
without the help of the other people. There are many people who have given their
contribution to the writer. Therefore the writer would like to express his gratitude and
appreciation to:
1. Dra. N. Setyaningsih M.Si, the dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammdiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Titis Styabudi,S.S, M.Hum, the head of English Department of School of
Teacher Training and Education.
3. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, as the first consultant, who has given great
help, advice, correction and guidance in accomplishing this research paper.
4. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M.Hum, as the second consultant and academic
consultant, who has given great help, advise, correction and guidance in
accomplishing this research paper.
5. All of the English Department lecturers for their knowledge.
6. All the librarians of UMS whose place has been visited by researcher to get
the data.
vii
7. His beloved Mother and Father, who always give her/his love and spirit to the
writer, they always pray for the writer’s success.
8. His elder sister, Mbak Endang, Mbak Nining, and younger brother, Budi, for
the love and spirit.
9. All his families, for the wisdom advice and criticsm.
10. His very close friend evens more, Iqbal, silo, Maretha, Roy, Bokir and Andy
for the supports.
11. The B class of English Department 2004, and all of English Community.
12. All my
friends
in BOMBAY,
KENDALI
SODO, SRIGUNTING,
KADEMANGAN and KURING boarding house.
The writer believes that there are many drawbacks revealed by this study. In
this case he would like to ask for apology. Any suggestion and criticism are
appreciated.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Surakarta, 2013
The writer
Arif
viii
SUMMARY
ARIF SETIAWAN, A.320 040 062, “THE STRUGGLE TO GET FREEDOM IN
“THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” FRANK DARABONT’S MOVIE: AN
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH”. RESEARCH PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2013
The main aim’s of study is to reveal how the struggle to get freedom from
shawshank prison of the major character influences his personality. The objective of
this study is to analyze the movie based on the structural analysis and the individual
psychological analysis.
This study is a qualitative study. The data sources are divided into two,
namely primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data is the
movie itself, and the secondary data source are the other literatures and virtual
references which are relevant to the film. The method of data collection is watching
the movie repeatedly, understanding the movie, and uses library research by
collecting and selecting the appropriate data from many sources. The technique of
data analysis is descriptive analysis by applying the individual psychological
approach.
Based on the analysis, Andy Defrusneis the reflection of the human trying to
get his desire. Frank Darabont wants to describe how human beings have many ways
making his dream come true. He also wants to show that human are full of
imagination and desire. Andy who always tries to fulfill his wish by struggling and
striving to make all dreams become true.
Keyword :Struggle, Freedom,individual,Shawshank Prison.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE …………………………………………………….
i
APPROVAL ……………………………………………...
ii
ACCEPTANCE …………………………………………..
iii
TESTIMONY……………………………………………..
iv
MOTTO …………………………………………………..
v
DEDICATION ……………………………………………
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT …………………………………
vii
SUMMARY ……………………………………………….
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT …………………………………..
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ……………………...
1
B. Previous Study ………………………………...
4
C. Problem Statement …………………………….
5
D. Limitation of the Study ………………………..
5
E. Objective of the Study ………………………...
5
F. Benefit of the Study …………………………...
5
G. Research Method ……………………………...
6
H. Paper Organization……………….……………
7
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of the Individual Psychology ………….
8
B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology ……...
10
1. Fiction Finalism ……………………………
10
2. Inferiority Feeling …………………….........
10
3. Striving for Superiority ………………........
11
4. Style of Life ……………………………….
12
5. Social Interest ……………………………..
14
6. Creative Power …………………………….
15
C. Structural Elements of the Movie………………
16
x
1. Narrative Elements …………………………..
16
a. Character and Characterization ………...
16
b. Plot ……………………………………..
16
c. Setting ………………………………….
16
d. Point of View …………………………..
16
e. Theme ………………………………….
17
2. Technical Elements ………………………… ..
17
a. Mise-en-Scene……………………………
17
1) Set Dressing and Props …………..
17
2) Costume …………………………
17
3) Make-Up …………………………
17
4) Lighting ………………………….
18
5) Design ……………………………
20
b. Cinematography ……………………….
20
1) Photographic Quality of the Shot…..
21
2) Framing of the Shot……………….
21
3) Duration of the Shot ………………
21
c. Casting ………………………… ……..
22
d. Sound ,,,………………………… …….
22
e. Editing ……………………… ……….
23
D. Theoretical Application ………………………..
26
CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements …………………………….
27
1. Narrative Elements …………………………..
27
a. Character and Characterization ………...
27
b. Plot ……………………………………..
32
c. Setting ………………………………….
31
d. Point of View …………………………..
35
e. Theme ………………………………….
36
2. Technical Elements …………………………
39
xi
a. Mise-en-Scene and Design ……………...
40
1) Set Dressing and Props …………..
40
1) Costume …………………………
42
2) Make-Up …………………………
43
3) Lighting ………………………….
44
4) Design ……………………………
48
b. Cinematography ……………………….
49
1) Photographic Quality of the Shot…..
49
2) Framing of the Shot……………….
50
3) Duration of the Shot ………………
50
c. Casting ………………………… ……....
50
d. Sound…………………………………...
55
e. Editing ……………………… ………..
55
B. Discussion ……………………………………..
55
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
A. Individual of Psychological Analysis of
The Shawshank Redemption…………………..
58
1. Fiction Finalism ……………………………….
58
2. Inferiority Feeling ……………………………..
60
3. Striving for Superiority ………………………..
62
4. Style of Life …………………………………...
64
5. Social Interest …………………………………
65
6. Creative Power ………………………………..
67
B. Discussion ……………………………………..
69
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion …………………………………….
72
B. Suggestion ……………………………………..
73
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIXS
xii
LIST OF FIGURE
Page
Figure 1. Andy dufresne............................................................................................ 27
Figure 2. . Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding....................................................................... 28
Figure 3. Wardon Samuel Norton............................................................................. 29
Figure 4. Capt. Byron Hadley................................................................................... 30
Figure 5. Heywood …...…………………………………………………………… 30
Figure 6. Tommy Williams..………………………………………………………. 31
Figure 7. Brooks Halten …………………………………………………………... 31
Figure 8. Bogs Diamond ………………………………………………………….. 32
Figure 9. Andy in the Court State of Maine ……………………………………..... 36
Figure 10. The Shawshank Prison…………………………………………………. 36
Figure 11. Prison room …………………………………………………………… 36
Figure 12. Dining room ……………………………………………………. ……. 37
Figure 13. Library room …………………………………………………………... 37
Figure 14. Laundry room …………………………………………………………. 37
Figure 15. Field of Shawshank Prison ……………………………………………. 38
Figure 16. Norton office ………………………………………………………….. 40
Figure 17. Library room…………………………………………………………… 41
Figure 18. Andy's cell room ………………………………………………………. 41
Figure 19. Small hammer ………………………………………………………..... 41
Figure 20. Andy & Red in Field of prison ………………………………………… 42
Figure 21. Brooks Halten in front gates prison…….……………………….……… 42
xiii
Figure 22. Andy in national bank of Main…………………………...…………….. 43
Figure 23. Andy & Red natural make up…………………………………………... 43
Figure 24. Brooks Halten with natural make up …………………………………... 44
Figure 25. Red with natural make up………………………………………………. 44
Figure 26. Bright lighting ……………………………………………………….…. 45
Figure 27. Dark Lighting ……………………………………………………………45
Figure 28. Source of Sun
……………………………………………………….. 46
Figure 29. Source of Lamp ………………………………………………………… 46
Figure 30. Blue color ………………………………………………………………. 47
Figure 31. Yellow color ……………………………………………………………. 47
Figure 32. Top lighting …………………………………………………………..… 48
Figure 33. Side lighting ……………………………………………………………. 48
Figure 34. Bottom lighting ……………………………………………………….... 48
Figure 35. Andy in hole of wall …………………………………………………… 59
Figure 36. Andy dufresne ………………………………………………………….. 61
Figure 37. Red in top of building ………………………………………………….. 63
Figure 38. Andy and Red …………..……………………………………………… 65
Figure 39. Red Ridding …………………………………………………….………66
Figure 40. Andy Dufresne ……………………………………………………….... 68
xiv
“THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
For Getting Bachelor Degree in English Department
By
ARIF SETIAWAN
A 320 040 062
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
i
ii
iii
TESTIMONY
I witness that there is no similar research that has been conducted before. This
research paper has been done by me honestly. In this research paper, I use my own
words and there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except the
written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the bibliography.
If in the future, there will be any incorrectness which is proved and contradicted with
my statement here, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, June 2013
The Writer
Arif Setiawan
iv
MOTTO
Practice makes perfect
Nobody is perfect
It’s difficult to be number one, but still more difficult to
be ourselves.
I ‘am just an ordinary people but have an extra ordinary
dream.
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
M y father and M other who have
sacrificed everything for me and always
support me with love, praying and trust.
M y beloved sister and bothers, thank for
love, attention, support and prayer.
M y beloved one who has always
supported me and helped me find the
meaning of my life, thank for
togetherness.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Alhamdulillahirabbil alamin, In the name of ALLAH SWT, the Merciful, The
Lord of the universe. It is because of His blessing and guidance, so that the writer is
finally able to finish his research paper. It is entitled “THE STRUGGLE TO GET
FREEDOM IN “THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” FRANK DARABONT’S
MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH”.
It is impossible to claim that the writer accomplishes the research paper
without the help of the other people. There are many people who have given their
contribution to the writer. Therefore the writer would like to express his gratitude and
appreciation to:
1. Dra. N. Setyaningsih M.Si, the dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammdiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Titis Styabudi,S.S, M.Hum, the head of English Department of School of
Teacher Training and Education.
3. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, as the first consultant, who has given great
help, advice, correction and guidance in accomplishing this research paper.
4. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M.Hum, as the second consultant and academic
consultant, who has given great help, advise, correction and guidance in
accomplishing this research paper.
5. All of the English Department lecturers for their knowledge.
6. All the librarians of UMS whose place has been visited by researcher to get
the data.
vii
7. His beloved Mother and Father, who always give her/his love and spirit to the
writer, they always pray for the writer’s success.
8. His elder sister, Mbak Endang, Mbak Nining, and younger brother, Budi, for
the love and spirit.
9. All his families, for the wisdom advice and criticsm.
10. His very close friend evens more, Iqbal, silo, Maretha, Roy, Bokir and Andy
for the supports.
11. The B class of English Department 2004, and all of English Community.
12. All my
friends
in BOMBAY,
KENDALI
SODO, SRIGUNTING,
KADEMANGAN and KURING boarding house.
The writer believes that there are many drawbacks revealed by this study. In
this case he would like to ask for apology. Any suggestion and criticism are
appreciated.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Surakarta, 2013
The writer
Arif
viii
SUMMARY
ARIF SETIAWAN, A.320 040 062, “THE STRUGGLE TO GET FREEDOM IN
“THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” FRANK DARABONT’S MOVIE: AN
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH”. RESEARCH PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2013
The main aim’s of study is to reveal how the struggle to get freedom from
shawshank prison of the major character influences his personality. The objective of
this study is to analyze the movie based on the structural analysis and the individual
psychological analysis.
This study is a qualitative study. The data sources are divided into two,
namely primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data is the
movie itself, and the secondary data source are the other literatures and virtual
references which are relevant to the film. The method of data collection is watching
the movie repeatedly, understanding the movie, and uses library research by
collecting and selecting the appropriate data from many sources. The technique of
data analysis is descriptive analysis by applying the individual psychological
approach.
Based on the analysis, Andy Defrusneis the reflection of the human trying to
get his desire. Frank Darabont wants to describe how human beings have many ways
making his dream come true. He also wants to show that human are full of
imagination and desire. Andy who always tries to fulfill his wish by struggling and
striving to make all dreams become true.
Keyword :Struggle, Freedom,individual,Shawshank Prison.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE …………………………………………………….
i
APPROVAL ……………………………………………...
ii
ACCEPTANCE …………………………………………..
iii
TESTIMONY……………………………………………..
iv
MOTTO …………………………………………………..
v
DEDICATION ……………………………………………
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT …………………………………
vii
SUMMARY ……………………………………………….
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT …………………………………..
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ……………………...
1
B. Previous Study ………………………………...
4
C. Problem Statement …………………………….
5
D. Limitation of the Study ………………………..
5
E. Objective of the Study ………………………...
5
F. Benefit of the Study …………………………...
5
G. Research Method ……………………………...
6
H. Paper Organization……………….……………
7
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of the Individual Psychology ………….
8
B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology ……...
10
1. Fiction Finalism ……………………………
10
2. Inferiority Feeling …………………….........
10
3. Striving for Superiority ………………........
11
4. Style of Life ……………………………….
12
5. Social Interest ……………………………..
14
6. Creative Power …………………………….
15
C. Structural Elements of the Movie………………
16
x
1. Narrative Elements …………………………..
16
a. Character and Characterization ………...
16
b. Plot ……………………………………..
16
c. Setting ………………………………….
16
d. Point of View …………………………..
16
e. Theme ………………………………….
17
2. Technical Elements ………………………… ..
17
a. Mise-en-Scene……………………………
17
1) Set Dressing and Props …………..
17
2) Costume …………………………
17
3) Make-Up …………………………
17
4) Lighting ………………………….
18
5) Design ……………………………
20
b. Cinematography ……………………….
20
1) Photographic Quality of the Shot…..
21
2) Framing of the Shot……………….
21
3) Duration of the Shot ………………
21
c. Casting ………………………… ……..
22
d. Sound ,,,………………………… …….
22
e. Editing ……………………… ……….
23
D. Theoretical Application ………………………..
26
CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements …………………………….
27
1. Narrative Elements …………………………..
27
a. Character and Characterization ………...
27
b. Plot ……………………………………..
32
c. Setting ………………………………….
31
d. Point of View …………………………..
35
e. Theme ………………………………….
36
2. Technical Elements …………………………
39
xi
a. Mise-en-Scene and Design ……………...
40
1) Set Dressing and Props …………..
40
1) Costume …………………………
42
2) Make-Up …………………………
43
3) Lighting ………………………….
44
4) Design ……………………………
48
b. Cinematography ……………………….
49
1) Photographic Quality of the Shot…..
49
2) Framing of the Shot……………….
50
3) Duration of the Shot ………………
50
c. Casting ………………………… ……....
50
d. Sound…………………………………...
55
e. Editing ……………………… ………..
55
B. Discussion ……………………………………..
55
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
A. Individual of Psychological Analysis of
The Shawshank Redemption…………………..
58
1. Fiction Finalism ……………………………….
58
2. Inferiority Feeling ……………………………..
60
3. Striving for Superiority ………………………..
62
4. Style of Life …………………………………...
64
5. Social Interest …………………………………
65
6. Creative Power ………………………………..
67
B. Discussion ……………………………………..
69
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion …………………………………….
72
B. Suggestion ……………………………………..
73
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIXS
xii
LIST OF FIGURE
Page
Figure 1. Andy dufresne............................................................................................ 27
Figure 2. . Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding....................................................................... 28
Figure 3. Wardon Samuel Norton............................................................................. 29
Figure 4. Capt. Byron Hadley................................................................................... 30
Figure 5. Heywood …...…………………………………………………………… 30
Figure 6. Tommy Williams..………………………………………………………. 31
Figure 7. Brooks Halten …………………………………………………………... 31
Figure 8. Bogs Diamond ………………………………………………………….. 32
Figure 9. Andy in the Court State of Maine ……………………………………..... 36
Figure 10. The Shawshank Prison…………………………………………………. 36
Figure 11. Prison room …………………………………………………………… 36
Figure 12. Dining room ……………………………………………………. ……. 37
Figure 13. Library room …………………………………………………………... 37
Figure 14. Laundry room …………………………………………………………. 37
Figure 15. Field of Shawshank Prison ……………………………………………. 38
Figure 16. Norton office ………………………………………………………….. 40
Figure 17. Library room…………………………………………………………… 41
Figure 18. Andy's cell room ………………………………………………………. 41
Figure 19. Small hammer ………………………………………………………..... 41
Figure 20. Andy & Red in Field of prison ………………………………………… 42
Figure 21. Brooks Halten in front gates prison…….……………………….……… 42
xiii
Figure 22. Andy in national bank of Main…………………………...…………….. 43
Figure 23. Andy & Red natural make up…………………………………………... 43
Figure 24. Brooks Halten with natural make up …………………………………... 44
Figure 25. Red with natural make up………………………………………………. 44
Figure 26. Bright lighting ……………………………………………………….…. 45
Figure 27. Dark Lighting ……………………………………………………………45
Figure 28. Source of Sun
……………………………………………………….. 46
Figure 29. Source of Lamp ………………………………………………………… 46
Figure 30. Blue color ………………………………………………………………. 47
Figure 31. Yellow color ……………………………………………………………. 47
Figure 32. Top lighting …………………………………………………………..… 48
Figure 33. Side lighting ……………………………………………………………. 48
Figure 34. Bottom lighting ……………………………………………………….... 48
Figure 35. Andy in hole of wall …………………………………………………… 59
Figure 36. Andy dufresne ………………………………………………………….. 61
Figure 37. Red in top of building ………………………………………………….. 63
Figure 38. Andy and Red …………..……………………………………………… 65
Figure 39. Red Ridding …………………………………………………….………66
Figure 40. Andy Dufresne ……………………………………………………….... 68
xiv