S KIM 1001115 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ ii
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................iii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ x
DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah .............................................................................. 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................. 4
1.4 Batasan Penelitian ............................................................................... 5
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian............................................................................... 5
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan.......................................................................... 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.......................................................................... 7
2.1 Konversi Biomassa Lignoselulosa menjadi HMF ............................... 7
2.1.1 Biomassa Lignoselulosa ............................................................. 7
2.1.2 Konversi Selulosa menjadi HMF .............................................. 10
2.2 Pelarut ZnCl2 dan Co-catalyst dalam Konversi Biomassa menjadi
HMF ................................................................................................... 13
2.3 Pemisahan HMF ................................................................................. 14
2.3.1 Metode Pemisahan HMF........................................................... 14
2.3.2 Ekstraksi cair-Cair HMF ........................................................... 15
2.3.3 Salting-Out ................................................................................ 16
Siti Robiah A’dawiyah, 2014
Konversi Lignoselulosa Jerami Jagung (Corn Stover) Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetil-2-Furfural
(HMF) Dalam Media ZNCL2 dengan CO-Catalyst Zeolit, CRCL3, dan DMA-LICL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................... 17
3.1 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ............................................................ 17
3.2 Alat dan Bahan ................................................................................... 17
3.3 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 18
3.4 Prosedur Penelitian ............................................................................. 18
3.4.1 Proses Delignifikasi Jerami Jagung .......................................... 18
3.4.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF ...................... 20
3.4.3 Pemisahan HMF Hasil Reaksi................................................... 21
3.4.3.1 Pengujian Metode Pemisahan HMF Menggunakan HMF
Standar ..................................................................... 21
3.4.3.2 Pemisahan HMF pada Hasil Reaksi ............................. 23
3.5 Metode Analisis.................................................................................. 23
3.5.1 Analisis dengan FTIR................................................................ 23
3.5.2 Analisis dengan HPLC .............................................................. 24
3.5.3 Analisis dengan AAS ................................................................ 24
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ........................................................... 26
4.1 Hasil ................................................................................................... 26
4.1.1 Proses Delignifikasi Jerami Jagung .......................................... 26
4.1.1.1 Penampakan Fisik ......................................................... 26
4.1.1.2 Analisis Jerami Jagung dengan FTIR ........................... 30
4.1.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF ...................... 32
4.1.2.1 Studi Awal Reaksi Selulosa dengan ZnCl2 ................... 32
4.1.2.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF dengan
dan tanpa Co-catalyst ................................................. 35
4.1.3 Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi dari ZnCl2 .......................................... 38
4.1.3.1 Pengujian Metode Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi
menggunakan HMF Standar ....................................... 38
4.1.3.2 Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi ................................................ 40
4.2 Pembahasan ....................................................................................... 42
4.2.1 Proses Delignifikasi Jerami Jagung .......................................... 42
Siti Robiah A’dawiyah, 2014
Konversi Lignoselulosa Jerami Jagung (Corn Stover) Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetil-2-Furfural
(HMF) Dalam Media ZNCL2 dengan CO-Catalyst Zeolit, CRCL3, dan DMA-LICL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF ...................... 44
4.2.3 Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi ............................................................ 48
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .............................................................. 50
5.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 50
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................ 50
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 51
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ................................................................................. 54
RIWAYAT HIDUP
Siti Robiah A’dawiyah, 2014
Konversi Lignoselulosa Jerami Jagung (Corn Stover) Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetil-2-Furfural
(HMF) Dalam Media ZNCL2 dengan CO-Catalyst Zeolit, CRCL3, dan DMA-LICL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ ii
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................iii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ x
DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah .............................................................................. 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian................................................................................. 4
1.4 Batasan Penelitian ............................................................................... 5
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian............................................................................... 5
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan.......................................................................... 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.......................................................................... 7
2.1 Konversi Biomassa Lignoselulosa menjadi HMF ............................... 7
2.1.1 Biomassa Lignoselulosa ............................................................. 7
2.1.2 Konversi Selulosa menjadi HMF .............................................. 10
2.2 Pelarut ZnCl2 dan Co-catalyst dalam Konversi Biomassa menjadi
HMF ................................................................................................... 13
2.3 Pemisahan HMF ................................................................................. 14
2.3.1 Metode Pemisahan HMF........................................................... 14
2.3.2 Ekstraksi cair-Cair HMF ........................................................... 15
2.3.3 Salting-Out ................................................................................ 16
Siti Robiah A’dawiyah, 2014
Konversi Lignoselulosa Jerami Jagung (Corn Stover) Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetil-2-Furfural
(HMF) Dalam Media ZNCL2 dengan CO-Catalyst Zeolit, CRCL3, dan DMA-LICL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................... 17
3.1 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian ............................................................ 17
3.2 Alat dan Bahan ................................................................................... 17
3.3 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 18
3.4 Prosedur Penelitian ............................................................................. 18
3.4.1 Proses Delignifikasi Jerami Jagung .......................................... 18
3.4.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF ...................... 20
3.4.3 Pemisahan HMF Hasil Reaksi................................................... 21
3.4.3.1 Pengujian Metode Pemisahan HMF Menggunakan HMF
Standar ..................................................................... 21
3.4.3.2 Pemisahan HMF pada Hasil Reaksi ............................. 23
3.5 Metode Analisis.................................................................................. 23
3.5.1 Analisis dengan FTIR................................................................ 23
3.5.2 Analisis dengan HPLC .............................................................. 24
3.5.3 Analisis dengan AAS ................................................................ 24
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ........................................................... 26
4.1 Hasil ................................................................................................... 26
4.1.1 Proses Delignifikasi Jerami Jagung .......................................... 26
4.1.1.1 Penampakan Fisik ......................................................... 26
4.1.1.2 Analisis Jerami Jagung dengan FTIR ........................... 30
4.1.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF ...................... 32
4.1.2.1 Studi Awal Reaksi Selulosa dengan ZnCl2 ................... 32
4.1.2.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF dengan
dan tanpa Co-catalyst ................................................. 35
4.1.3 Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi dari ZnCl2 .......................................... 38
4.1.3.1 Pengujian Metode Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi
menggunakan HMF Standar ....................................... 38
4.1.3.2 Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi ................................................ 40
4.2 Pembahasan ....................................................................................... 42
4.2.1 Proses Delignifikasi Jerami Jagung .......................................... 42
Siti Robiah A’dawiyah, 2014
Konversi Lignoselulosa Jerami Jagung (Corn Stover) Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetil-2-Furfural
(HMF) Dalam Media ZNCL2 dengan CO-Catalyst Zeolit, CRCL3, dan DMA-LICL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2.2 Konversi Selulosa Jerami Jagung menjadi HMF ...................... 44
4.2.3 Pemisahan Hasil Reaksi ............................................................ 48
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .............................................................. 50
5.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 50
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................ 50
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 51
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ................................................................................. 54
RIWAYAT HIDUP
Siti Robiah A’dawiyah, 2014
Konversi Lignoselulosa Jerami Jagung (Corn Stover) Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetil-2-Furfural
(HMF) Dalam Media ZNCL2 dengan CO-Catalyst Zeolit, CRCL3, dan DMA-LICL
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu