Rofat Askoro Bimandoko 22010112130204 Lap.KTI
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
Rahman F, Kwan GF, Benjamin EJ. Global epidemiology of atrial
fibrillation. Nat Rev Cardiol. Nature Publishing Group, a division of
Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.; 2014
Nov;11(11):639–54.
2.
Go A, Hylek E, Phillips K. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in
adults. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2001;285(18):9;285(18):2370–5.
3.
Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, et al.
Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: The Task Force for the
Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology
(ESC). Eur Heart J. 2010;31(19):2369–429.
4.
Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin
EJ, et al. Worldwide Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation: A Global Burden
of Disease 2010 Study. Circulation. 2014;129(8):837–47.
5.
Heeringa J. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the
Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J. 2005;27(8):949–53.
6.
Yuniadi Y, Tondas AE, Hanafy DA, Hermanto DY, Maharani E, Munawar
M, et al. Pedoman Tata Laksana Fibrilasi Atrium. 1st ed. Centra
Communications; 2014.
7.
Ariansena I, Gjesdala K, Abdelnoorb M, Edvardsenc E, Engerd S, Tveitd
A. Quality of Life , Exercise Capacity and Comorbidity in Old Patients
with Permanent Atrial Fibrillation. J Atr Fibrillation. 2009;1(4):13–20.
8.
Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, McMurray JJ. A population-based study of
the long-term risks associated with atrial fibrillation: 20-year follow-up of
the Renfrew/Paisley study. Am J Med. 2002 Oct;113(5):359–64.
9.
Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial Fibrillation as an Independent
Risk Factor for Stroke : The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22(8):983–8.
47
48
10.
Benjamin EJ D’Agostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D WPA.
Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart
Study. Circulation. 1998;98(10):946–52.
11.
Hui DS, Morley JE, Mikolajczak PC, Lee R. Atrial fibrillation: A major
risk factor for cognitive decline. Am Heart J. 2015;169(4):448–56.
12.
Gaita F, Corsinovi L, Anselmino M, Raimondo C, Pianelli M, Toso E, et al.
Prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia in paroxysmal and persistent atrial
fibrillation and correlation with cognitive function. J Am Coll Cardiol.
2013;62(21):1990–7.
13.
Thacker EL, McKnight B, Psaty BM, Longstreth WT, Sitlani CM, Dublin
S, et al. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline: a longitudinal cohort
study. Neurology. 2013 Jul 9;81(2):119–25.
14.
Marzona I, O’Donnell M, Teo K. Increased risk of cognitive and functional
decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: results of the ONTARGET and
TRANSCEND studies. Can Med Assoc J. 2012;184(6):E329–36.
15.
Costa AS, Fimm B, Friesen P, Soundjock H, Rottschy C, Gross T, et al.
Alternate-form reliability of the Montreal cognitive assessment screening
test in a clinical setting. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;33(6):379–84.
16.
Freitas S, Simões MR, Alves L, Vicente M, Santana I. Montreal Cognitive
Assessment (MoCA): Validation Study for Vascular Dementia. J Int
Neuropsychol Soc. 2012;1–10.
17.
Dong Y, Lee WY, Basri NA, Collinson SL, Merchant RA,
Venketasubramanian N, et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment is
superior to the Mini–Mental State Examination in detecting patients at
higher risk of dementia. Int Psychogeriatrics. 2012;24(11):1749–55.
18.
Salam S, Muis A, Aliah A, Akbar M. Association Atrial Fibrillation with
Cognitive Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin. 2013;0–12.
19.
Salehi R, Enamzadeh E, Goldust M. Study of Cognitive Disorder in Strokefree Patients with a History of Atrial Fibrillation. Pakistan J Biol Sci.
2013;16(1):44–7.
49
20.
Nasution SA, Ranitya R, Ginanjar E. Fibrilasi Atrial. In: Buku Ajar Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam. 6th ed. Interna Publishing; 2014. p. 1365–79.
21.
Gehi AK, Mounsey PJ. Atrial Fibrillation. In: Netter’s Cardiology. 2nd ed.
Elsevier Inc; 2010. p. 233–9.
22.
Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et
al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With
Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation. 2006;114(7):700–52.
23.
Jaïs P, Haïssaguerre M, Shah DC, Chouairi S, Gencel L, Hocini M, et al. A
focal source of atrial fibrillation treated by discrete radiofrequency ablation.
Circulation. 1997;95(3):572–6.
24.
Takahashi Y, Hocini M, O’Neill MD, Sanders P, Rotter M, Rostock T, et
al. Sites of focal atrial activity characterized by endocardial mapping
during atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(10):2005–12.
25.
Tse HF, Lau CP, Kou W, Pelosi F, Oral H, Kim M, et al. Prevalence and
significance of exit block during arrhythmias arising in pulmonary veins. J
Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2000;11(4):379–86.
26.
Prystowsky EN, J. Padanilam B, L.Waldo A. Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial
Flutter, and Atrial Tachycardia. In: Hurst’s The Heart. 13th ed. The
McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.; 2011. p. 963–86.
27.
Morady F, P.Zipes D. Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Features, Mechanisms,
and Management. In: Braunwald’s Heart Disease. 10th ed. Elsevier Inc.;
2015. p. 798–813.
28.
Benjamin EJ. Independent Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation in a
Population-Based Cohort. JAMA. 1994;271(11):840.
29.
Schoonderwoerd BA, Smit MD, Pen L, Van Gelder IC. New risk factors
for atrial fibrillation: causes of “not-so-lone atrial fibrillation.” Europace.
2008;10(6):668–73.
30.
Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, Van Gelder IC, Bax J, Hylek E, Kääb S, et al.
Comprehensive risk reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation: Emerging
50
diagnostic and therapeutic options. Executive summary of the report from
the 3rd AFNET/EHRA consensus conference. Thromb Haemost.
2011;106(6):1012–9.
31.
Friberg L, Hammar N, Rosenqvist M. Stroke in paroxysmal atrial
fibrillation: Report from the Stockholm Cohort of Atrial Fibrillation. Eur
Heart J. 2010;31(8):967–75.
32.
Camm AJ, Lip GYH, De Caterina R, Savelieva I, Atar D, Hohnloser SH, et
al. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial
fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(21):2719–47.
33.
Hylek EM, Go AS, Chang Y, Jensvold NG, Henault LE, Selby J V, et al.
Effect of intensity of oral anticoagulation on stroke severity and mortality
in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(11):1019–26.
34.
Gillis AM, Verma A, Talajic M, Nattel S, Dorian P. Canadian
Cardiovascular Society atrial fibrillation guidelines 2010: rate and rhythm
management. Can J Cardiol. 2011;27:47–59.
35.
Olesen JB, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen ML, Lip GY. The value of the
CHA2DS2-VASc score for refining stroke risk stratification in patients
with atrial fibrillation with a CHADS2 score 0-1: a nationwide cohort
study. Thromb Haemost. 2012;107(6):1172–9.
36.
Olesen JB, Lip GYH, Hansen ML, Hansen PR, Tolstrup JS, Lindhardsen J,
et al. Validation of risk stratification schemes for predicting stroke and
thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort
study. BMJ. 2011;342(jan31 1):d124.
37.
Friberg L, Rosenqvist M, Lip GYH. Evaluation of risk stratification
schemes for ischaemic stroke and bleeding in 182 678 patients with atrial
fibrillation: The Swedish Atrial Fibrillation cohort study. Eur Heart J.
2012;33(12):1500–10.
38.
Pisters R, Lane D a, Nieuwlaat R, de Vos CB, Crijns HJGM, Lip GYH. A
novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess one-year risk of major
bleeding in atrial fibrillation patients: The Euro Heart Survey. Chest.
2010;1093–100.
51
39.
Gallego P, Roldán V, Torregrosa JM, Gálvez J, Valdés M, Vicente V, et al.
Relation of the HAS-BLED bleeding risk score to major bleeding,
cardiovascular events, and mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial
fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2012;5(2):312–8.
40.
Harris P, Nagy S, Vardaxis N. Mosby’s Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing
and Health Professions. Training. 2010. 2072 p.
41.
Glisky EL. Changes in Cognitive Function in Human Aging. CRC
Press/Taylor & Francis; 2007.
42.
Zabar Y, Danay P, Macaulay C. Cognitive and Language Evaluation. In:
Netter’s Neurology. 2nd ed. Elsevier Inc; 2011. p. 31–50.
43.
Satyanegara. Ilmu Bedah Saraf Satyanegara. 4th ed. Gramedia Pustaka
Utama; 2010.
44.
Nolen-Hoeksema S, Fredrickson B, Loftus G. Atkinson & Hilgard’s
Introduction to Psychology. Cengage Learning. 2009. 800 p.
45.
Ropper AH, Samuels MA, Klein JP. Dementia, the Amnestic Syndrome,
and the Neurology of Intelligence and Memory. In: Adams & Victor’s
Principles of Neurology. 10th ed. McGraw-Hill; 2014. p. 434–54.
46.
Zabar Y. Dementia: Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer Disease, Lewy
Body Dementia, Frontotemporal Lobar Dementia, Vascular Dementia. In:
Netter’s Neurology. 2nd ed. Elsevier Inc.; 2011. p. 219–43.
47.
About | MoCA Montreal - Cognitive Assessment [Internet]. [cited 2016 Jan
9]. Available from: http://www.mocatest.org/
48.
Shea S, Di Tullio M. Atrial fibrillation, silent cerebral ischemia, and
cognitive function. J Am Coll Cardiol. Elsevier Inc; 2013;62(21):1998–9.
49.
O’Connell JE, Gray CS, French JM, Robertson IH. Atrial fibrillation and
cognitive function: case-control study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
1998;65(3):386–9.
52
50.
Dublin S, Anderson ML, Heckbert SR, Hubbard RA, Sonnen JA, Crane
PK, et al. Neuropathologic changes associated with atrial fibrillation in a
population-based autopsy cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.
2014;69(5):609–15.
51.
Duron E, Hanon O. Vascular risk factors, cognitive decline, and dementia.
Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008;4(2):363–81.
52.
O’Sullivan M. Leukoaraiosis. Pract Neurol. 2008;8(1):26–38.
53.
Caplan LR, Hennerici M. Impaired clearance of emboli (washout) is an
important link between hypoperfusion, embolism, and ischemic stroke.
Arch Neurol. 1998;55(11):1475–82.
54.
Lip GYH, Bawden L, Hodson R, Rutland E, Snatchfold J, Beevers DG.
Atrial fibrillation amongst the Indo-Asian general practice population. The
West Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Project. Int J Cardiol.
1998;65(2):187–92.
55.
Ball J, Carrington MJ, Stewart S. Mild cognitive impairment in high-risk
patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: a forgotten component of clinical
management? Heart. 2013;99(8):542–7.
56.
Wadley VG, McClure LA, Howard VJ, Unverzagt FW, Go RC, Moy CS, et
al. Cognitive status, stroke symptom reports, and modifiable risk factors
among individuals with no diagnosis of stroke or transient ischemic attack
in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke
(REGARDS) study. Stroke. 2007;38(4):1143–7.
57.
Alosco ML, Spitznagel MB, Sweet LH, Josephson R, Hughes J, Gunstad J.
Atrial fibrillation exacerbates cognitive dysfunction and cerebral perfusion
in heart failure. PACE - Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;38(2):178–86.
58.
Forti P, Maioli F, Pisacane N, Rietti E, Montesi F, Ravaglia G. Atrial
fibrillation and risk of dementia in non-demented elderly subjects with and
without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ArchGerontolGeriatr. 2007;44
Suppl 1:155–65.
53
Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance
54
Lampiran 2. Surat Izin Penelitian
55
Lampiran 3. Informed Consent
56
57
Lampiran 4. Lembar MoCA-Ina
58
Lampiran 5. Data Subjek Penelitian
No Nama Jenis
Umur Pendidikan
Kelamin
Terakhir
1 Nur
P
49 SD
2 Mus
P
36 SMA
3 Wah
L
45 SMA
4 Kev
L
18 SMA
5 Ras
L
37 SMP
6 Sum
L
54 SMA
7 Sub
L
47 SMA
8 Kar
P
53 Tidak
9 Suh
P
38 SMP
10 Mia
P
34 SMP
11 Tri
L
25 SMA
12 Tim
L
49 Sarjana
13 Ain
P
61 Sarjana
14 Asr
L
41 SMA
15 Suka
L
53 SMP
16 End
P
43 Sarjana
17 Jum
P
32 SMA
18 Ste
L
61 sarjana
19 Suw
L
59 SMA
20 Agu
L
49 SMA
21 Mut
P
21 SMA
22 Suke
L
45 SMA
23 Eti
P
39 SMA
24 Sla
L
53 SMP
25 Asa
L
52 Sarjana
26 Mah
L
39 SMA
27 Suk
L
27 SMA
28 Sun
L
59 SMA
Status Skor
af
af
af
sinus
af
af
sinus
af
af
af
sinus
sinus
af
af
sinus
sinus
af
af
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
af
af
16
25
24
30
23
24
29
15
26
19
30
23
24
24
26
27
21
24
30
30
30
25
25
26
29
27
25
22
Intepretasi
Skor
Menurun
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Normal
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Normal
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
59
Lampiran 6. Uji Statistik SPSS
JenisKelamin
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Laki-laki
18
64,3
64,3
64,3
Perempuan
10
35,7
35,7
100,0
Total
28
100,0
100,0
Descriptive Statistics
N
Minimum
Umur
28
Valid N (listwise)
28
Maximum
18
Mean
61
Std. Deviation
43,54
11,899
Pendidikan
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Sarjana
5
17,9
17,9
17,9
SD
1
3,6
3,6
21,4
SMA
16
57,1
57,1
78,6
SMP
5
17,9
17,9
96,4
Tidak Sekolah
1
3,6
3,6
100,0
28
100,0
100,0
Valid
Total
JenisKelamin * Status Crosstabulation
Count
Status
Sinus
Laki-laki
Total
Fibrilasi Atrium
11
7
18
3
7
10
14
14
28
JenisKelamin
Perempuan
Total
60
Pendidikan * Status Crosstabulation
Count
Status
Sinus
Pendidikan
Total
Fibrilasi Atrium
Sarjana
3
2
5
SD
0
1
1
SMA
9
7
16
SMP
2
3
5
Tidak Sekolah
0
1
1
14
14
28
Total
Status * Intepretasi Crosstabulation
Count
Intepretasi
Normal
Sinus
Total
Menurun
11
3
14
1
13
14
12
16
28
Status
Fibrilasi Atrium
Total
Chi-Square Tests
Value
df
Asymp. Sig. Exact Sig. Exact Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square
Continuity Correction
a
1
,000
11,813
1
,001
16,490
1
,000
14,583
b
Likelihood Ratio
Fisher's Exact Test
Linear-by-Linear Association
N of Valid Cases
(2-sided)
,000
14,063
1
(1-sided)
,000
,000
28
a. 0 cells (,0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6,00.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
61
Risk Estimate
Value
95% Confidence Interval
Lower
Odds Ratio for Status
Upper
47,667
4,318
526,168
11,000
1,632
74,164
,231
,084
,636
(Sinus / Fibrilasi Atrium)
For cohort Intepretasi =
Normal
For cohort Intepretasi =
Menurun
N of Valid Cases
28
62
Lampiran 7. Biodata Mahasiswa
Identitas
Nama : Rofat Askoro Bimandoko
NIM : 22010112130204
Tempat/tanggal lahir : Jakarta / 22 April 1995
Jenis kelamin : Laki-Laki
Alamat : Jalan Platuk Bawang, No.15, Kerten, Laweyan, Surakarta
Nomor HP : 081804453222
e-mail : rofataskoro@gmail.com
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal
1. SD : SD Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta
Lulus tahun:2006
2. SMP : SMP Negeri 1 Surakarta
Lulus tahun:2010
3. SMA : SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta
Lulus tahun:2012
4. FK UNDIP : Masuk tahun : 2012
63
Lampiran 8. Dokumentasi Penelitian
1.
Rahman F, Kwan GF, Benjamin EJ. Global epidemiology of atrial
fibrillation. Nat Rev Cardiol. Nature Publishing Group, a division of
Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.; 2014
Nov;11(11):639–54.
2.
Go A, Hylek E, Phillips K. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in
adults. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2001;285(18):9;285(18):2370–5.
3.
Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, et al.
Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: The Task Force for the
Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology
(ESC). Eur Heart J. 2010;31(19):2369–429.
4.
Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin
EJ, et al. Worldwide Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation: A Global Burden
of Disease 2010 Study. Circulation. 2014;129(8):837–47.
5.
Heeringa J. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the
Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J. 2005;27(8):949–53.
6.
Yuniadi Y, Tondas AE, Hanafy DA, Hermanto DY, Maharani E, Munawar
M, et al. Pedoman Tata Laksana Fibrilasi Atrium. 1st ed. Centra
Communications; 2014.
7.
Ariansena I, Gjesdala K, Abdelnoorb M, Edvardsenc E, Engerd S, Tveitd
A. Quality of Life , Exercise Capacity and Comorbidity in Old Patients
with Permanent Atrial Fibrillation. J Atr Fibrillation. 2009;1(4):13–20.
8.
Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ, McMurray JJ. A population-based study of
the long-term risks associated with atrial fibrillation: 20-year follow-up of
the Renfrew/Paisley study. Am J Med. 2002 Oct;113(5):359–64.
9.
Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial Fibrillation as an Independent
Risk Factor for Stroke : The Framingham Study. Stroke. 1991;22(8):983–8.
47
48
10.
Benjamin EJ D’Agostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB, Levy D WPA.
Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart
Study. Circulation. 1998;98(10):946–52.
11.
Hui DS, Morley JE, Mikolajczak PC, Lee R. Atrial fibrillation: A major
risk factor for cognitive decline. Am Heart J. 2015;169(4):448–56.
12.
Gaita F, Corsinovi L, Anselmino M, Raimondo C, Pianelli M, Toso E, et al.
Prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia in paroxysmal and persistent atrial
fibrillation and correlation with cognitive function. J Am Coll Cardiol.
2013;62(21):1990–7.
13.
Thacker EL, McKnight B, Psaty BM, Longstreth WT, Sitlani CM, Dublin
S, et al. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline: a longitudinal cohort
study. Neurology. 2013 Jul 9;81(2):119–25.
14.
Marzona I, O’Donnell M, Teo K. Increased risk of cognitive and functional
decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: results of the ONTARGET and
TRANSCEND studies. Can Med Assoc J. 2012;184(6):E329–36.
15.
Costa AS, Fimm B, Friesen P, Soundjock H, Rottschy C, Gross T, et al.
Alternate-form reliability of the Montreal cognitive assessment screening
test in a clinical setting. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2012;33(6):379–84.
16.
Freitas S, Simões MR, Alves L, Vicente M, Santana I. Montreal Cognitive
Assessment (MoCA): Validation Study for Vascular Dementia. J Int
Neuropsychol Soc. 2012;1–10.
17.
Dong Y, Lee WY, Basri NA, Collinson SL, Merchant RA,
Venketasubramanian N, et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment is
superior to the Mini–Mental State Examination in detecting patients at
higher risk of dementia. Int Psychogeriatrics. 2012;24(11):1749–55.
18.
Salam S, Muis A, Aliah A, Akbar M. Association Atrial Fibrillation with
Cognitive Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin. 2013;0–12.
19.
Salehi R, Enamzadeh E, Goldust M. Study of Cognitive Disorder in Strokefree Patients with a History of Atrial Fibrillation. Pakistan J Biol Sci.
2013;16(1):44–7.
49
20.
Nasution SA, Ranitya R, Ginanjar E. Fibrilasi Atrial. In: Buku Ajar Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam. 6th ed. Interna Publishing; 2014. p. 1365–79.
21.
Gehi AK, Mounsey PJ. Atrial Fibrillation. In: Netter’s Cardiology. 2nd ed.
Elsevier Inc; 2010. p. 233–9.
22.
Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et
al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With
Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation. 2006;114(7):700–52.
23.
Jaïs P, Haïssaguerre M, Shah DC, Chouairi S, Gencel L, Hocini M, et al. A
focal source of atrial fibrillation treated by discrete radiofrequency ablation.
Circulation. 1997;95(3):572–6.
24.
Takahashi Y, Hocini M, O’Neill MD, Sanders P, Rotter M, Rostock T, et
al. Sites of focal atrial activity characterized by endocardial mapping
during atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(10):2005–12.
25.
Tse HF, Lau CP, Kou W, Pelosi F, Oral H, Kim M, et al. Prevalence and
significance of exit block during arrhythmias arising in pulmonary veins. J
Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2000;11(4):379–86.
26.
Prystowsky EN, J. Padanilam B, L.Waldo A. Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial
Flutter, and Atrial Tachycardia. In: Hurst’s The Heart. 13th ed. The
McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.; 2011. p. 963–86.
27.
Morady F, P.Zipes D. Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Features, Mechanisms,
and Management. In: Braunwald’s Heart Disease. 10th ed. Elsevier Inc.;
2015. p. 798–813.
28.
Benjamin EJ. Independent Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation in a
Population-Based Cohort. JAMA. 1994;271(11):840.
29.
Schoonderwoerd BA, Smit MD, Pen L, Van Gelder IC. New risk factors
for atrial fibrillation: causes of “not-so-lone atrial fibrillation.” Europace.
2008;10(6):668–73.
30.
Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, Van Gelder IC, Bax J, Hylek E, Kääb S, et al.
Comprehensive risk reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation: Emerging
50
diagnostic and therapeutic options. Executive summary of the report from
the 3rd AFNET/EHRA consensus conference. Thromb Haemost.
2011;106(6):1012–9.
31.
Friberg L, Hammar N, Rosenqvist M. Stroke in paroxysmal atrial
fibrillation: Report from the Stockholm Cohort of Atrial Fibrillation. Eur
Heart J. 2010;31(8):967–75.
32.
Camm AJ, Lip GYH, De Caterina R, Savelieva I, Atar D, Hohnloser SH, et
al. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial
fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(21):2719–47.
33.
Hylek EM, Go AS, Chang Y, Jensvold NG, Henault LE, Selby J V, et al.
Effect of intensity of oral anticoagulation on stroke severity and mortality
in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(11):1019–26.
34.
Gillis AM, Verma A, Talajic M, Nattel S, Dorian P. Canadian
Cardiovascular Society atrial fibrillation guidelines 2010: rate and rhythm
management. Can J Cardiol. 2011;27:47–59.
35.
Olesen JB, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen ML, Lip GY. The value of the
CHA2DS2-VASc score for refining stroke risk stratification in patients
with atrial fibrillation with a CHADS2 score 0-1: a nationwide cohort
study. Thromb Haemost. 2012;107(6):1172–9.
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38.
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bleeding in atrial fibrillation patients: The Euro Heart Survey. Chest.
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53
Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance
54
Lampiran 2. Surat Izin Penelitian
55
Lampiran 3. Informed Consent
56
57
Lampiran 4. Lembar MoCA-Ina
58
Lampiran 5. Data Subjek Penelitian
No Nama Jenis
Umur Pendidikan
Kelamin
Terakhir
1 Nur
P
49 SD
2 Mus
P
36 SMA
3 Wah
L
45 SMA
4 Kev
L
18 SMA
5 Ras
L
37 SMP
6 Sum
L
54 SMA
7 Sub
L
47 SMA
8 Kar
P
53 Tidak
9 Suh
P
38 SMP
10 Mia
P
34 SMP
11 Tri
L
25 SMA
12 Tim
L
49 Sarjana
13 Ain
P
61 Sarjana
14 Asr
L
41 SMA
15 Suka
L
53 SMP
16 End
P
43 Sarjana
17 Jum
P
32 SMA
18 Ste
L
61 sarjana
19 Suw
L
59 SMA
20 Agu
L
49 SMA
21 Mut
P
21 SMA
22 Suke
L
45 SMA
23 Eti
P
39 SMA
24 Sla
L
53 SMP
25 Asa
L
52 Sarjana
26 Mah
L
39 SMA
27 Suk
L
27 SMA
28 Sun
L
59 SMA
Status Skor
af
af
af
sinus
af
af
sinus
af
af
af
sinus
sinus
af
af
sinus
sinus
af
af
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
sinus
af
af
16
25
24
30
23
24
29
15
26
19
30
23
24
24
26
27
21
24
30
30
30
25
25
26
29
27
25
22
Intepretasi
Skor
Menurun
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Normal
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
Normal
Normal
Normal
Menurun
Menurun
59
Lampiran 6. Uji Statistik SPSS
JenisKelamin
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Laki-laki
18
64,3
64,3
64,3
Perempuan
10
35,7
35,7
100,0
Total
28
100,0
100,0
Descriptive Statistics
N
Minimum
Umur
28
Valid N (listwise)
28
Maximum
18
Mean
61
Std. Deviation
43,54
11,899
Pendidikan
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Sarjana
5
17,9
17,9
17,9
SD
1
3,6
3,6
21,4
SMA
16
57,1
57,1
78,6
SMP
5
17,9
17,9
96,4
Tidak Sekolah
1
3,6
3,6
100,0
28
100,0
100,0
Valid
Total
JenisKelamin * Status Crosstabulation
Count
Status
Sinus
Laki-laki
Total
Fibrilasi Atrium
11
7
18
3
7
10
14
14
28
JenisKelamin
Perempuan
Total
60
Pendidikan * Status Crosstabulation
Count
Status
Sinus
Pendidikan
Total
Fibrilasi Atrium
Sarjana
3
2
5
SD
0
1
1
SMA
9
7
16
SMP
2
3
5
Tidak Sekolah
0
1
1
14
14
28
Total
Status * Intepretasi Crosstabulation
Count
Intepretasi
Normal
Sinus
Total
Menurun
11
3
14
1
13
14
12
16
28
Status
Fibrilasi Atrium
Total
Chi-Square Tests
Value
df
Asymp. Sig. Exact Sig. Exact Sig.
(2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square
Continuity Correction
a
1
,000
11,813
1
,001
16,490
1
,000
14,583
b
Likelihood Ratio
Fisher's Exact Test
Linear-by-Linear Association
N of Valid Cases
(2-sided)
,000
14,063
1
(1-sided)
,000
,000
28
a. 0 cells (,0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6,00.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
61
Risk Estimate
Value
95% Confidence Interval
Lower
Odds Ratio for Status
Upper
47,667
4,318
526,168
11,000
1,632
74,164
,231
,084
,636
(Sinus / Fibrilasi Atrium)
For cohort Intepretasi =
Normal
For cohort Intepretasi =
Menurun
N of Valid Cases
28
62
Lampiran 7. Biodata Mahasiswa
Identitas
Nama : Rofat Askoro Bimandoko
NIM : 22010112130204
Tempat/tanggal lahir : Jakarta / 22 April 1995
Jenis kelamin : Laki-Laki
Alamat : Jalan Platuk Bawang, No.15, Kerten, Laweyan, Surakarta
Nomor HP : 081804453222
e-mail : rofataskoro@gmail.com
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal
1. SD : SD Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta
Lulus tahun:2006
2. SMP : SMP Negeri 1 Surakarta
Lulus tahun:2010
3. SMA : SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta
Lulus tahun:2012
4. FK UNDIP : Masuk tahun : 2012
63
Lampiran 8. Dokumentasi Penelitian