s pgsd penjas 1003779 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................
ii
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH...........................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...............................................................................
A. Latar belakang ...................................................................................... 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................
C. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................
D. Manfaat Penelitian ...............................................................................
E. Batasan Istilah ...................................................................................... 8
1
6
6
7
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................... 10
A. Hakekat Belajar dan Pembelajaran ...................................................... 10
B. Atletik................................................................................................... 10
C. Nomor-nomor Atletik........................................................................... 12
1. Nomor Lari ...................................................................................... 12
2. Nomor Lompat ................................................................................ 12
3. Nomor Lempar ................................................................................ 12
D. Pengertian Lempar Lembing ................................................................ 14
E. Struktur Gerakan .................................................................................. 14
F. Teknik Lempar lembing ....................................................................... 15
1. Cara Memegang Lembing ............................................................... 15
2. Sikap Badan Pada Waktu Akan Melemparkan Lembing ................ 17
3. Cara Melempar Lembing ................................................................. 17
4. Gerakan Lanjutan dan Sikap Badan Setelah Melemparkan Lembing 18
5. Cara Mengambil Awalan ................................................................. 19
6. Peralatan yang digunakan ................................................................ 20
7. Sektor lempar lembing dan lari awalan ........................................... 21
G. Pembelajaran Lempar........................................................................... 22
H. Modifikasi Pembelajaran ..................................................................... 22
I. Pembelajaran Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing Melalui Modifikasi
Bola Bertali .......................................................................................... 23
J. Pembelajaran Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing Melalui Roket .............. 24
K. Hasil Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................................. 25
L. Asumsi ................................................................................................. 26
M. Hipotesis Penelitian.............................................................................. 27
v
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................... 28
A. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ............................................................... 28
1. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................. 28
2. Populasi dan Sampel........................................................................ 28
B. Metode dan Desain Penelitian.............................................................. 29
C. Variabel Penelitian ............................................................................... 32
D. Instrumen Penelitian............................................................................. 32
1. Tes Gerak Dasar Lembar Lembing ................................................. 32
E. Prosedur Penelitian............................................................................... 33
1. Tahap Persiapan ............................................................................... 33
2. Tahap Pelaksanaan .......................................................................... 34
3. Tahap Pengolahan dan Analisis Data .............................................. 34
F. Teknik Pengolahan dan Analisis Data ................................................. 34
1. Tes Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing ................................................. 34
2. Menghiting Rata-rata ....................................................................... 34
3. Menghitung Simpangan Baku ......................................................... 35
4. Uji Normalitas ................................................................................. 35
5. Uji Homogenitas .............................................................................. 37
6. Uji Perbedaan Dua Rata-Rata .......................................................... 38
7. Gain Normal .................................................................................... 39
G. Lamanya Penelitian .............................................................................. 39
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. 41
A. Pemaparan Data Kuantitatif ................................................................. 41
1. Analisis Data Preetes ....................................................................... 41
2. Analisis Data Postes ........................................................................ 47
................................................................................... 54
3. Analisis
B. Uji Hipotesis Penelitian ....................................................................... 56
1. Uji Hipotesis Rumusan Masalah 1 .................................................. 56
2. Uji Hipotesis Rumusan Masalah 2 .................................................. 60
3. Uji Hipotesis Rumusan Masalah 3 .................................................. 64
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ......................................................... 69
A. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................... 69
B. Saran ..................................................................................................... 70
1. Bagi Guru Pendidikan Jasmani ....................................................... 70
2. Bagi Pihak Sekolah .......................................................................... 70
3. Bagi Peneliti Lain ............................................................................ 70
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .....................................................................................
71
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................
72
RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................ 108
vi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
4.1
Data Preetest Kelompok Kontrol ............................................................
42
4.2
Data Preetest Kelompok Eksperimen .....................................................
42
4.3
Statistik Deskriptif Skor Preetest pada Kedua Kelompok ......................
43
4.4
Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Preetes ..................................................
43
4.5
Analisis Uji-U Mann Whitney Data Preetes ...........................................
47
4.6
Data Postes Kelompok Kontrol ..............................................................
48
4.7
Data Postes Kelompok Eksperimen .......................................................
48
4.8
Statistik Deskriptif Skor Postes pada Kedua Kelompok ........................
49
4.9
Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Postes ....................................................
49
4.10 Uji Homogenitas Levene’s Test Data Postes .......................................... 53
4.11 Uji Independent Sample t-testData Postes ..............................................
54
4.12 Nilai Pretes Postes Kelompok Eksperimen ............................................ 56
4.13 Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Preetes Postes Kelompok Eksperimen .
4.14 Uji-U Mann WhitneyData Preetes dan Postes Kelompok Eksperimen
57
59
4.15 Nilai Pretes Postes Kelompok Kontrol .....................................................
60
4.16 Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Preetes Postes Kelompok Kontrol ..........
61
4.17 UjiIndependent Sample t-testData Preetes Postes Kelompok Kontrol ... 63
4.18
Kelompok Kontrol .......................................................................
4.19
Kelompok Eksperimen ................................................................. 64
Kelompok Kontrol dan
4.20 Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data
Eksperimen.............................................................................................. 65
4.21 Uji-U Mann Whitney Data
Kelompok Kontrol dan Kelompok
Eksperimen.............................................................................................. 67
vii
64
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1 Urutan Gerak Lempar Lembing secara Keseluruhan ................................
15
2.2 Memegang Lembing dengan Telunjuk .....................................................
16
2.3 Memegang Lembing dengan Jari Tengah .................................................
16
2.4 Sikap Badan pada Waktu akan Melemparkan Lembing ...........................
17
2.5 Cara Melempar Lembing ..........................................................................
18
2.6
Gerakan Lanjutan dan Sikap Badan Setelah Melemparkan Lembing
19
2.7 Sektor lempar lembing dan lari awalan .....................................................
21
2.8 Bola Bertali/ ekor ......................................................................................
24
2.9 Modifikasi Roket/ rudal ............................................................................
25
3.1 Lokasi Penelitian .......................................................................................
28
3.2 Bagan Alur Prosedur Penelitian ................................................................
31
4.1 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Preetes Kelompok Kontrol ........... 44
4.2 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Preetes Kelompok Eksperimen ....
45
4.3 Perbandingan Normalitas Data Preetes Lempar Lembing pada
Kelompok Eksperimen dan Kelompok Kontrol ..............................................
46
4.4 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Kontrol ............
49
4.5 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Eksperimen ...... 51
4.6 Perbandingan Normalitas Data Postes Lempar Lembing pada
Kelompok Eksperimen dan Kelompok Kontrol ...............................................
52
4.7 Diagram Rata-rata Nilai Preetes Postes ....................................................
55
4.8 Diagram Hasil Perhitungan Ngain ............................................................ 56
4.9 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Preetes Kelompok Eksperimen ....
58
4.10 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Eksperimen ..... 58
4.11 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pretes Kelompok Kontrol ............ 62
4.12 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Kontrol ........... 62
4.13 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas
Kelompok Kontrol ....................
4.14 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas
Kelompok Eksperimen ............. 66
viii
66
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1. Format Pelaksanaan Tes Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing ............................ 73
2. Format Tes Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing .................................................
74
3. Program Pembelajaran Lempar Lembing melalui Modifikasi Bola Bertali
dengan Roket pada Siswa SDN Cibitung .................................................... 76
4. Data Hasil Preetes .......................................................................................
83
5. Data Hasil Postes .........................................................................................
87
..................................................................................................
91
7. Data Uji Normalitas dan Perbedaan Rata-rata Hipotesis 1 .........................
92
8. Data Uji Normalitas dan Perbedaan Rata-rata Hipotesis 2 .........................
94
9. Data Uji Normalitas dan Perbedaan Rata-rata Hipotesis 3 .........................
96
10. Dokumentasi ..............................................................................................
98
6. Data
11. Surat Keputusan Pengangkatan Pembimbing Penulisan Skripsi ............... 104
12. Surat Permohonan Izin Penelitian .............................................................. 105
13. Surat Keterangan telah Melakukan Penelitian ........................................... 106
14. Monitoring Bimbingan Skripsi .................................................................. 107
ix
Halaman
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................
ii
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH...........................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... v
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. ix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...............................................................................
A. Latar belakang ...................................................................................... 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................
C. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................
D. Manfaat Penelitian ...............................................................................
E. Batasan Istilah ...................................................................................... 8
1
6
6
7
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................... 10
A. Hakekat Belajar dan Pembelajaran ...................................................... 10
B. Atletik................................................................................................... 10
C. Nomor-nomor Atletik........................................................................... 12
1. Nomor Lari ...................................................................................... 12
2. Nomor Lompat ................................................................................ 12
3. Nomor Lempar ................................................................................ 12
D. Pengertian Lempar Lembing ................................................................ 14
E. Struktur Gerakan .................................................................................. 14
F. Teknik Lempar lembing ....................................................................... 15
1. Cara Memegang Lembing ............................................................... 15
2. Sikap Badan Pada Waktu Akan Melemparkan Lembing ................ 17
3. Cara Melempar Lembing ................................................................. 17
4. Gerakan Lanjutan dan Sikap Badan Setelah Melemparkan Lembing 18
5. Cara Mengambil Awalan ................................................................. 19
6. Peralatan yang digunakan ................................................................ 20
7. Sektor lempar lembing dan lari awalan ........................................... 21
G. Pembelajaran Lempar........................................................................... 22
H. Modifikasi Pembelajaran ..................................................................... 22
I. Pembelajaran Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing Melalui Modifikasi
Bola Bertali .......................................................................................... 23
J. Pembelajaran Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing Melalui Roket .............. 24
K. Hasil Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................................. 25
L. Asumsi ................................................................................................. 26
M. Hipotesis Penelitian.............................................................................. 27
v
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................... 28
A. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ............................................................... 28
1. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................. 28
2. Populasi dan Sampel........................................................................ 28
B. Metode dan Desain Penelitian.............................................................. 29
C. Variabel Penelitian ............................................................................... 32
D. Instrumen Penelitian............................................................................. 32
1. Tes Gerak Dasar Lembar Lembing ................................................. 32
E. Prosedur Penelitian............................................................................... 33
1. Tahap Persiapan ............................................................................... 33
2. Tahap Pelaksanaan .......................................................................... 34
3. Tahap Pengolahan dan Analisis Data .............................................. 34
F. Teknik Pengolahan dan Analisis Data ................................................. 34
1. Tes Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing ................................................. 34
2. Menghiting Rata-rata ....................................................................... 34
3. Menghitung Simpangan Baku ......................................................... 35
4. Uji Normalitas ................................................................................. 35
5. Uji Homogenitas .............................................................................. 37
6. Uji Perbedaan Dua Rata-Rata .......................................................... 38
7. Gain Normal .................................................................................... 39
G. Lamanya Penelitian .............................................................................. 39
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................. 41
A. Pemaparan Data Kuantitatif ................................................................. 41
1. Analisis Data Preetes ....................................................................... 41
2. Analisis Data Postes ........................................................................ 47
................................................................................... 54
3. Analisis
B. Uji Hipotesis Penelitian ....................................................................... 56
1. Uji Hipotesis Rumusan Masalah 1 .................................................. 56
2. Uji Hipotesis Rumusan Masalah 2 .................................................. 60
3. Uji Hipotesis Rumusan Masalah 3 .................................................. 64
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ......................................................... 69
A. Kesimpulan .......................................................................................... 69
B. Saran ..................................................................................................... 70
1. Bagi Guru Pendidikan Jasmani ....................................................... 70
2. Bagi Pihak Sekolah .......................................................................... 70
3. Bagi Peneliti Lain ............................................................................ 70
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .....................................................................................
71
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................
72
RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................ 108
vi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
4.1
Data Preetest Kelompok Kontrol ............................................................
42
4.2
Data Preetest Kelompok Eksperimen .....................................................
42
4.3
Statistik Deskriptif Skor Preetest pada Kedua Kelompok ......................
43
4.4
Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Preetes ..................................................
43
4.5
Analisis Uji-U Mann Whitney Data Preetes ...........................................
47
4.6
Data Postes Kelompok Kontrol ..............................................................
48
4.7
Data Postes Kelompok Eksperimen .......................................................
48
4.8
Statistik Deskriptif Skor Postes pada Kedua Kelompok ........................
49
4.9
Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Postes ....................................................
49
4.10 Uji Homogenitas Levene’s Test Data Postes .......................................... 53
4.11 Uji Independent Sample t-testData Postes ..............................................
54
4.12 Nilai Pretes Postes Kelompok Eksperimen ............................................ 56
4.13 Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Preetes Postes Kelompok Eksperimen .
4.14 Uji-U Mann WhitneyData Preetes dan Postes Kelompok Eksperimen
57
59
4.15 Nilai Pretes Postes Kelompok Kontrol .....................................................
60
4.16 Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data Preetes Postes Kelompok Kontrol ..........
61
4.17 UjiIndependent Sample t-testData Preetes Postes Kelompok Kontrol ... 63
4.18
Kelompok Kontrol .......................................................................
4.19
Kelompok Eksperimen ................................................................. 64
Kelompok Kontrol dan
4.20 Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov Data
Eksperimen.............................................................................................. 65
4.21 Uji-U Mann Whitney Data
Kelompok Kontrol dan Kelompok
Eksperimen.............................................................................................. 67
vii
64
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1 Urutan Gerak Lempar Lembing secara Keseluruhan ................................
15
2.2 Memegang Lembing dengan Telunjuk .....................................................
16
2.3 Memegang Lembing dengan Jari Tengah .................................................
16
2.4 Sikap Badan pada Waktu akan Melemparkan Lembing ...........................
17
2.5 Cara Melempar Lembing ..........................................................................
18
2.6
Gerakan Lanjutan dan Sikap Badan Setelah Melemparkan Lembing
19
2.7 Sektor lempar lembing dan lari awalan .....................................................
21
2.8 Bola Bertali/ ekor ......................................................................................
24
2.9 Modifikasi Roket/ rudal ............................................................................
25
3.1 Lokasi Penelitian .......................................................................................
28
3.2 Bagan Alur Prosedur Penelitian ................................................................
31
4.1 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Preetes Kelompok Kontrol ........... 44
4.2 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Preetes Kelompok Eksperimen ....
45
4.3 Perbandingan Normalitas Data Preetes Lempar Lembing pada
Kelompok Eksperimen dan Kelompok Kontrol ..............................................
46
4.4 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Kontrol ............
49
4.5 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Eksperimen ...... 51
4.6 Perbandingan Normalitas Data Postes Lempar Lembing pada
Kelompok Eksperimen dan Kelompok Kontrol ...............................................
52
4.7 Diagram Rata-rata Nilai Preetes Postes ....................................................
55
4.8 Diagram Hasil Perhitungan Ngain ............................................................ 56
4.9 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Preetes Kelompok Eksperimen ....
58
4.10 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Eksperimen ..... 58
4.11 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pretes Kelompok Kontrol ............ 62
4.12 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Postes Kelompok Kontrol ........... 62
4.13 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas
Kelompok Kontrol ....................
4.14 Histogram Hasil Uji Normalitas
Kelompok Eksperimen ............. 66
viii
66
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1. Format Pelaksanaan Tes Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing ............................ 73
2. Format Tes Gerak Dasar Lempar Lembing .................................................
74
3. Program Pembelajaran Lempar Lembing melalui Modifikasi Bola Bertali
dengan Roket pada Siswa SDN Cibitung .................................................... 76
4. Data Hasil Preetes .......................................................................................
83
5. Data Hasil Postes .........................................................................................
87
..................................................................................................
91
7. Data Uji Normalitas dan Perbedaan Rata-rata Hipotesis 1 .........................
92
8. Data Uji Normalitas dan Perbedaan Rata-rata Hipotesis 2 .........................
94
9. Data Uji Normalitas dan Perbedaan Rata-rata Hipotesis 3 .........................
96
10. Dokumentasi ..............................................................................................
98
6. Data
11. Surat Keputusan Pengangkatan Pembimbing Penulisan Skripsi ............... 104
12. Surat Permohonan Izin Penelitian .............................................................. 105
13. Surat Keterangan telah Melakukan Penelitian ........................................... 106
14. Monitoring Bimbingan Skripsi .................................................................. 107
ix