S KIM 1105121 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN .............................................................................. i
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ iv
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ..................................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ............................................................. 3
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ................................................................ 4
D. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................. 4
E. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................ 5
F. Penjelasan Istilah .................................................................................. 5
G. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi ................................................................... 6
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Penilaian .............................................................................................. 8
B. Penilaian Kinerja ................................................................................. 10
C. Pengembangan tugas (task) ................................................................. 13
D. Pengembangan rubrik .......................................................................... 15
E. Kualitas instrumen ............................................................................... 17
1. Validitas .......................................................................................... 17
2. Reliabilitas ...................................................................................... 18
F. Metode Praktikum pada Pelajaran Kimia ............................................ 19
G. Tinjauan materi pengaruh konsentrasi terhadap pergeseran arah
kesetimbangan ..................................................................................... 21
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ............................................................. 25
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
B. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 25
C. Desain penelitian ................................................................................ 25
D. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen ....................................................... 28
E. Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................................... 29
F. Teknik Pengumpulan dan Analisis Data ............................................ 30
G. Mengungkap Kinerja Siswa Berdasarkan Lembar Observasi ............ 33
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja pada Materi
Pengaruh Konsentrasi terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan .... 34
1. Menganalisis Silabus Kurikulum 2013 dan
Studi Pendahuluan ........................................................................ 34
2. Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ................................ 35
B. Kualitas Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ....................... 47
1. Validitas Isi .................................................................................... 47
2. Reliabilitas ..................................................................................... 49
C. Kinerja yang Dinilai Menggunakan Instrumen Penilaian yang
dikembangkan .................................................................................... 53
D. Kinerja Siswa yang Belum terungkap melalui penggunaan instrumen
penilaian ............................................................................................. 64
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 66
B. Saran ................................................................................................... 67
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 68
LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................ 72
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
3.1 Format Validasi Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ........................................... 29
3.2 Format Lembar Observasi ......................................................................... 30
3.3 Format Pedoman Wawancara .................................................................... 30
3.4 Nilai kritis dari Lawshe (1975) ................................................................. 32
3.5 Kriteria nilai Cronbach’s Alpha ................................................................ 32
3.6 Pedoman Penilaian .................................................................................... 33
4.1 Daftar Kriteria Kinerja Praktikum Pengaruh Konsentrasi terhadap
Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan ............................................................... 37
4.2 Langkah-langkah Pengembangan Tugas (task) ........................................ 39
4.3 Langkah pengembangan rubrik penskoran ............................................... 42
4.4 Deskripsi kinerja pada tiap tugas .............................................................. 42
4.5 Hasil Uji Validitas Isi dari 5 Orang Validator ........................................... 47
4.6 Perbaikan tugas ......................................................................................... 49
4.7 Kemampuan kinerja siswa ........................................................................ 53
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
viii
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
3.1 Desain Penelitian . ...................................................................................... 26
4.1 Reliabilitas Nilai Rata-rata Tugas dari Masing-masing
Indikator ( kelompok empat orang) .......................................................... 50
4.2 Reliabilitas Nilai Rata-rata Tugas dari Masing-masing
Indikator ( kelompok lima orang) ............................................................. 51
4.3 Reliabilitas Nilai Rata-rata Tugas dari Masing-masing
Indikator Pada Uji Coba II (Uji Aplikasi) ................................................. 52
4.4 Kinerja Siswa dalam Merancang Percobaan ............................................. 54
4.5 Kinerja Siswa pada Bagian Melakukan Percobaan ................................... 57
4.6 Menyimpulkan Hasil Percobaan ............................................................... 62
4.7 Mengkomunikasikan Kesimpulan Hasil Pengamatan
dan Analisis Data ...................................................................................... 63
4.8 Kinerja Siswa yang Belum Terungkap Secara Optimal Menggunakan
Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja yang Dikembangkan ................................... 64
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
ix
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN A
A.1 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) .............................................. 72
A.2 Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) ...................................................................... 79
A.3 Pedoman Wawancara Guru ...................................................................... 86
A.4 Transkrip Hasil Wawancara Guru ............................................................ 87
LAMPIRAN B
B.1 Kisi-kisi Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ...................................................... 88
B.2 Lembar Validasi Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ......................................... 90
B.3 Hasil Validitas Isi ..................................................................................... 108
B.4 Lembar Observasi Penilaian Kinerja Siswa pada Praktikum
Pengaruh Konsentrasi terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan .......... 136
B.5 Perhitungan Reliabilitas Uji Coba I :
Reliabilitas Inter Rater dari Nilai Rata-Rata Tugas Indikator
(Kelompok 4 orang) ................................................................................. 146
B.6 Perhitungan Reliabilitas Uji Coba I :
Reliabilitas Inter Rater dari Nilai Rata-Rata Tugas Indikator
(Kelompok 5 orang) ................................................................................. 151
B.7 Perhitungan Reliabilitas Uji Coba II ........................................................ 156
B.8 Rekapitulasi Nilai Akhir Hasil Penilaian Kinerja Siswa .......................... 161
LAMPIRAN C
C.1 Dokumentasi ............................................................................................. 163
C.2 Surat Izin Penelitian .................................................................................. 164
C.3 Surat Keterangan telah Melakukan Penelitian .......................................... 165
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
x
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN .............................................................................. i
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ iv
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ..................................................................... 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ............................................................. 3
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ................................................................ 4
D. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................. 4
E. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................ 5
F. Penjelasan Istilah .................................................................................. 5
G. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi ................................................................... 6
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Penilaian .............................................................................................. 8
B. Penilaian Kinerja ................................................................................. 10
C. Pengembangan tugas (task) ................................................................. 13
D. Pengembangan rubrik .......................................................................... 15
E. Kualitas instrumen ............................................................................... 17
1. Validitas .......................................................................................... 17
2. Reliabilitas ...................................................................................... 18
F. Metode Praktikum pada Pelajaran Kimia ............................................ 19
G. Tinjauan materi pengaruh konsentrasi terhadap pergeseran arah
kesetimbangan ..................................................................................... 21
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian ............................................................. 25
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
B. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................... 25
C. Desain penelitian ................................................................................ 25
D. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen ....................................................... 28
E. Instrumen Penelitian ........................................................................... 29
F. Teknik Pengumpulan dan Analisis Data ............................................ 30
G. Mengungkap Kinerja Siswa Berdasarkan Lembar Observasi ............ 33
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja pada Materi
Pengaruh Konsentrasi terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan .... 34
1. Menganalisis Silabus Kurikulum 2013 dan
Studi Pendahuluan ........................................................................ 34
2. Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ................................ 35
B. Kualitas Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ....................... 47
1. Validitas Isi .................................................................................... 47
2. Reliabilitas ..................................................................................... 49
C. Kinerja yang Dinilai Menggunakan Instrumen Penilaian yang
dikembangkan .................................................................................... 53
D. Kinerja Siswa yang Belum terungkap melalui penggunaan instrumen
penilaian ............................................................................................. 64
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 66
B. Saran ................................................................................................... 67
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 68
LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................ 72
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
3.1 Format Validasi Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ........................................... 29
3.2 Format Lembar Observasi ......................................................................... 30
3.3 Format Pedoman Wawancara .................................................................... 30
3.4 Nilai kritis dari Lawshe (1975) ................................................................. 32
3.5 Kriteria nilai Cronbach’s Alpha ................................................................ 32
3.6 Pedoman Penilaian .................................................................................... 33
4.1 Daftar Kriteria Kinerja Praktikum Pengaruh Konsentrasi terhadap
Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan ............................................................... 37
4.2 Langkah-langkah Pengembangan Tugas (task) ........................................ 39
4.3 Langkah pengembangan rubrik penskoran ............................................... 42
4.4 Deskripsi kinerja pada tiap tugas .............................................................. 42
4.5 Hasil Uji Validitas Isi dari 5 Orang Validator ........................................... 47
4.6 Perbaikan tugas ......................................................................................... 49
4.7 Kemampuan kinerja siswa ........................................................................ 53
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
viii
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
3.1 Desain Penelitian . ...................................................................................... 26
4.1 Reliabilitas Nilai Rata-rata Tugas dari Masing-masing
Indikator ( kelompok empat orang) .......................................................... 50
4.2 Reliabilitas Nilai Rata-rata Tugas dari Masing-masing
Indikator ( kelompok lima orang) ............................................................. 51
4.3 Reliabilitas Nilai Rata-rata Tugas dari Masing-masing
Indikator Pada Uji Coba II (Uji Aplikasi) ................................................. 52
4.4 Kinerja Siswa dalam Merancang Percobaan ............................................. 54
4.5 Kinerja Siswa pada Bagian Melakukan Percobaan ................................... 57
4.6 Menyimpulkan Hasil Percobaan ............................................................... 62
4.7 Mengkomunikasikan Kesimpulan Hasil Pengamatan
dan Analisis Data ...................................................................................... 63
4.8 Kinerja Siswa yang Belum Terungkap Secara Optimal Menggunakan
Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja yang Dikembangkan ................................... 64
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
ix
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN A
A.1 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) .............................................. 72
A.2 Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) ...................................................................... 79
A.3 Pedoman Wawancara Guru ...................................................................... 86
A.4 Transkrip Hasil Wawancara Guru ............................................................ 87
LAMPIRAN B
B.1 Kisi-kisi Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ...................................................... 88
B.2 Lembar Validasi Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja ......................................... 90
B.3 Hasil Validitas Isi ..................................................................................... 108
B.4 Lembar Observasi Penilaian Kinerja Siswa pada Praktikum
Pengaruh Konsentrasi terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan .......... 136
B.5 Perhitungan Reliabilitas Uji Coba I :
Reliabilitas Inter Rater dari Nilai Rata-Rata Tugas Indikator
(Kelompok 4 orang) ................................................................................. 146
B.6 Perhitungan Reliabilitas Uji Coba I :
Reliabilitas Inter Rater dari Nilai Rata-Rata Tugas Indikator
(Kelompok 5 orang) ................................................................................. 151
B.7 Perhitungan Reliabilitas Uji Coba II ........................................................ 156
B.8 Rekapitulasi Nilai Akhir Hasil Penilaian Kinerja Siswa .......................... 161
LAMPIRAN C
C.1 Dokumentasi ............................................................................................. 163
C.2 Surat Izin Penelitian .................................................................................. 164
C.3 Surat Keterangan telah Melakukan Penelitian .......................................... 165
vii
Lelly Shelviyani, 2015
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kinerja (Performance Assessment) Pada Praktikum Pengaruh
x
Konsentrasi Terhadap Pergeseran Arah Kesetimbangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu