LAMPIRAN A GAMBAR RANGKAIAN KESELURUHAN
LAMPIRAN A GAMBAR RANGKAIAN KESELURUHAN
LAMPIRAN B DAFTAR KOMPONEN NO KOMPONEN NILAI / KETERANGAN JLH KODE
1 D2
1 U3
13 LED
8 LD1
s
/ d LD8
14 Dioda Zener
1N4148
1 D1
15 Diode Bridge
1 Amp
16 Kristal
1 U2
4MHz – 20MHz
1 X1
17 Tombol / Switch kaki 5
4 XINP1,XINP2
XOUT1,XOUT2
18 Transformator Step Down 500 mA
1 TR1
19 Plug DB9 Female
2
20 Seven segment Commond anoda
2
12 IC MAX232
11 IC 7805
1 Resistor 330 Ω, ¼ Watt
4K7, ¼ Watt
21 R1
s
/ d R14 dan R23
s
/ d R30
2 Resistor 250 Ω, ¼ Watt
5 R18,R19,R20,R21
3 Resistor
10K Ω, ¼ Watt
1 R22
4 Resistor
3 R15, R16, R17
10 Mikrokontroler PIC16F877 1 U1
5 Kapasitor 3300µF,
25Volt
1 C1
6 Kapasitor 220 µF, 16Volt
1 C2
7 Kapasitor 100nF, 16Volt
2 C3, C9
8 Kapasitor 22pF, 16Volt
2 C4, C5
9 Kapasitor 1µF, 16Volt
4 C6, C7, C8, C10
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR PROGRAM DAN STATUS INPUT OUPTUT KONTROL PALANG PINTU MASUK BUKA – (5,7) KONTROL PALANG PINTU KELUAR BUKA – (11,12) KONTROL PALANG PINTU MASUK TUTUP – (8,9) KELUAR TUTUP – (13,14) KONTROL PALANG PINTU PALANG PINTU MASUK KONTROL PELUMASAN – (5,39) PINTU MASUK RESET PENCACAH PELUMASAN PENCACAH DIGIT SATUAN PENCACAH DIGIT PARKIR PENUH – (10) KONTROL TANDA AREAL (15) PULUHAN PARKIR PENUH DEVICE TANDA AREAL MASUK BUKA SELAMA KONTROL PALANG PINTU 1,5 DETIK – (9) MASUK BUKA SELAMA DEVICE PALANG PINTU MASUK TUTUP – (8,9) KONTROL PALANG PINTU 1,5 DETIK – (7)
94 MASUK TUTUP – (8,9) KONTROL PALANG PINTU 1,5 DETIK - (7) MASUK TUTUP SELAMA DEVICE PALANG PINTU KONTROL AREAL PARKIR SAAT AREAL PARKIR PENUH – (5,6,10) PENUH-(7) KUNCI PINTU MASUK (11,40) PALANG PINTU KELUAR – KONTROL PELUMASAN MASAN PINTU KELUAR RESET PENCACAH PELU – PENCACAH SATUAN PENUH – (10,16) NAIK RESET TANDA PARKIR NAIK PENCACAH PULUHAN SAAT NILAI COUNTER 99 KUNCI PINTU KELUAR KELUAR BUKA SELAMA DEVICE PALANG PINTU KOSONG TOTAL – (15) ATAU SAAT AREAL PAKIR 1,5 DETIK – (12) KELUAR BUKA SELAMA KONTROL PALANG PINTU 1,5 DETIK – (14) KELUAR TUTUP – (13) KONTROL PALANG PINTU
95 KELUAR TUTUP SELAMA DEVICE KELUAR TUTUP – (14) KONTROL PALANG PINTU PALANG PINTU KUNCI PINTU KELUAR SAAT NILAI COUNTER 99 / PARKIR KOSONG –(11,15) 1,5 DETIK – (12) (12) PULUHAN RESET PENCACAH DIGIT SATUAN RESET PENCACAH DIGIT MENJADI NILAI 9 GANTI VARIABEL C1 KONTROL ANGKA 9 DIGIT SATUAN – (16,18,38) RESET COUTER C2 SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 7 DIGIT SATUAN – (18,38) KONTROL ANGKA 8 DIGIT SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 5 DIGIT SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 6 DIGIT SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 3 DIGIT SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 4 DIGIT SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 1 DIGIT SATUAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 2 DIGIT
96 SATUAN – (17,18,38) KONTROL ANGKA 0 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 9 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 8 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 7 DIGIT KONTROL ANGKA 6 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 5 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 4 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 3 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 2 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 1 DIGIT PULUHAN – (38) KONTROL ANGKA 0 DIGIT
97 SEVEN SEGMENT A DIGIT SATUAN SEVEN SEGMENT SATUAN B DIGIT SEVEN SEGMENT SATUAN SEVEN SEGMENT SATUAN D DIGIT C DIGIT SATUAN SEVEN SEGMENT SATUAN SEVEN SEGMENT F DIGIT E DIGIT SEVEN SEGMENT SATUAN SEVEN SEGMENT PULUHAN A DIGIT G DIGIT PULUHAN SEVEN SEGMENT PULUHAN SEVEN SEGMENT C DIGIT B DIGIT SEVEN SEGMENT PULUHAN SEVEN SEGMENT PULUHAN E DIGIT D DIGIT PULUHAN SEVEN SEGMENT PULUHAN SEVEN SEGMENT G DIGIT F DIGIT PINTU MASUK DEVICE LUBRICATION PINTU KELUAR DEVICE LUBRICATION
98
99
LAMPIRAN D
DATA SHEET MIKROKONTROLER PIC16F877
101
102
LAMPIR RAN E
DAT TA SHEET T IC MAX 2 232
104
4
105
5
LAMPIRAN F
107
LAMPIRAN G
LITERATUR IN CIRCUIT SERIAL PROGRAMMING
How to program a PIC 12Fxxx/16Fxxx
These PICs are programmed using a proprietary serial protocol . So you can't connect them directly to any "usual" interface. Fortunately, the timing requirements are rather lax. This gives the possibility to use some pins of a parallel or serial port of the PC to generate the programming sequence by
software .
Besides the operating voltage, three further signals are necessary: the programming voltage Vpp (about 13V) and the programming Clock (clk = PGC
= ICSPCLK ) and Data (data = PGD = ICSPDAT ).
Since most PICs tolerate a programming voltage Vpp somewhat below the specification, one can take advantage of the ±12V signal levels of the serial port of a Desktop PC and "burn" a PIC without the need for an extra power supply. The level conversion can be done with a few components. However, this simple circuit has its limitations and allows only reading and programming the PIC. There is no guarantee that it works with all controllers, since it does not meet all programming specifications. ( Board layout (inverted), Placing ) See below how to connect the programming signals to the PIC.
In-circuit programming of a PIC ICSP offers the possibility to program the microcontroller within the application circuit
This is especially beneficial in class room or developing environments, where repetitive change between programming the PIC and testing the circuit occurs. It not only avoids risks when moving the PIC between different sockets – like bending the pins or "tormenting" the PIC with electrostatic discharges –, but also saves time.
To be able to use ICSP neither the circuit must disturb the programming signals nor the programming signals should affect the circuit. The main programming conditions are: 1.
The programming voltage Vpp applied at /MCLR should switch between zero and 13 volts within a few microseconds.
2. The clock and data signals must reach near rail-to-rail levels within one microsecond.
3. Some PICs use a pin (RB3 or RB4) as PGM signal to offer Low Voltage Programming (LVP). This pin must stay Low while programming.
4. Some PICs require that the programming voltage Vpp is applied before the operating voltage Vdd. In this case Vdd must be operated by the programmer module. The simplest way to fulfil the first two conditions is, not to use the corresponding pins within the application circuit. If you also want to use the debugger, this is a must.
Recommendations:
Don't connect active circuits to /MCLR.
If /MCLR is used to reset the PIC, there should be a resistor greater than 56k Ω between /MCLR and Vdd. It may be combined with a small capacitor of less than 100 pF to GND (Vss).
There must not be any inductive or capacitive load on the programming signal pins. You may connect a high-impedance circuit (>10k Ω), e.g., a key.
When the operating voltage Vdd is operated by the programmer module, eventually you must isolate the Vdd pin of the PIC from the rest of the application circuit during programming. This may be the case, if the application circuit o o contains its own voltage regulator for Vdd, has a big decoupling capacitor, which the programmer module can't charge o fast enough, is designed for a supply voltage of 3.3V, and the PIC needs at least 4.5V for programming. Instead of a complete isolation, possibly a Schottky diode may work.
To hold the PGM pin Low while programming connect it with a resistor of about 2.2k Ω to 10kΩ to GND.
1
28 27 -
16F7x7 1 8, 19 20
4.75V - 5.25V
24
27
28
16F7x 1 8, 19 20
2.0V - 5.5V 28-pin
19 18 -
20
16F87x 1 8, 19 20
4
12 9 2,0V - 5,5V 20-pin 16F6xx, 16F785
13
14
5
4
16F87/88
13 12 - 4,5V - 5,5V
14
5
4.75V - 5.25V
28
16F84(A)
2.0V - 5.5V
16F7x7 1 12, 31 11, 32 40 38 -
4.75V - 5.25V
36
38
16F7x 1 12, 31 11, 32 40
2.0V - 5.5V 40-pin
24
27
28
16F91x 1 8, 19 20
24
27
27
28
16F88x 1 8, 19 20
2.0V - 5.5V
24
27
28
16F87xA 1 8, 19 20
2.5V - 5.5V
24
4
12 9 2,0V - 5,5V
Always enable the Power-Up Timer in the configuration word. Its delay of more than 40ms gives enough time to have a stable Vdd before starting any operation and avoids unintended program execution before entering programming mode.
(4) Clk
7 8 -
1
8
4
5.5V other 12Fxxx
4.5V -
12F629/675 4 8 1 7 8 -
8-pin
@ "Low" Programming Vdd range
(5) PGM
(3) Data
12F630/676
(2) Vdd
(1) GND
Controller Vpp
signals than other PIC-programmers. For using it with third-party test boards an adaptor is necessary.
Pay attention: the ICSP connector of this programmer module has a different order of
The number below the signal name corresponds to the pin of the ICSP connector of the programmer module .
12Fxxx/16Fxxx
Assignment of the ICSP signals to the pins of a PIC
To be able to re-program a PIC with Vdd below 4.5V, the memory must not be protected, since the "Chip Erase" – which is the only way to remove code or data protection – requires a Vdd above 4.5V on almost all PIC.
During programming the other port pins stay in input mode, e.g., they have a very high impedance. The application circuit should handle this state in the most inactive way possible. To avoid undesired 'side effects' you may consider pull- down or pull-up resistors.
2.0V - 5.5V 14-pin
4
13
13
14
5
4
16F818/819
13 12 - 4,5V - 5,5V
14
5
4
16F716
12 10 4,5V - 5,5V
14
14
5
16F62x(A), 16F648A 4
2.0V - 5.5V 18-pin
13 12 -
1
14
4
4.5V - 5.5V other 16F6xx
13 12 -
1
4.75V - 5.25V
Programming Vpp GND Vdd Data Clk PGM
Controller (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) @ "Low" Vdd range
16F87x 1 12, 31 11, 32 40
38
36
2.5V - 5.5V
16F87xA 1 12, 31 11, 32 40
38
36
2.0V - 5.5V
16F88x 1 12, 31 11, 32 40
38
36
2.0V - 5.5V
16F91x 1 12, 31 11, 32 40
38
36
2.0V - 5.5V
Connection schemes with lateral placing of the ICSP connector
The following schemes show how to connect the programming signals to the PIC 12Fxxx/16Fxxx.