this file 1646 4070 1 SM
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 122
Available online at http://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/jnsmr
Analysis of Angklung Sound Intensity as a Acoustic Instrument
Rizka Silviana Hartanti1, and Budi Astuti2
1Physics
Education Postgraduate Program Universitas Negeri Semarang, Unnes Campus Bendan Ngisor
Sampangan Semarang 50233
2 Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang State University, Campus Sekaran
Gunungpati, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Abstracts
Corresponding
author:
rizkasilviana.h@gmail.com
Recived: 12 April 2016,
Revised : 15 May 2016,
Accepted: 24 June 2016.
The purpose of this study was to analysis of angklung sound intensity. The
research method is using angklung musician 2 octaves. Each consists of two tube
tone that sounded from the tone of G to G ', length and diameter of the tube every
tone becomes independent variable, while intensity of the sound produced
becomes dependent variable. Sound intensity is measured using a Sound Level
Meter is placed with a constant distance. The result showed that G tone was a low
tone which had a frequency of 49.5 Hz, first tube had 21.6 cm length and 4.1 cm
diameter, second tube had 10.1 cm length and 3.4 cm diameter produced the
sound intensity of 90.7 dB. G’ tone was a high tone which had a frequency of 99
Hz, first tube had 10 cm length and 3 cm diameter, second tube had 5.5 cm length
and 2.1 cm diameter produced the sound intensity of 99.1 dB. It can be
concluded that the higher the frequency, the greater the intensity of the sound
produced. The shorter tube length and the smaller tube diameter, the greater the
intensity of the sound. ©2016 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Key words: Angklung; Intensity of sound; Tube diameter; Tube length.
1. Introduction
Every region in Indonesia had many
culture one of which the traditional musical
instrument
[1].
Traditional
musical
instruments in Indonesia has been known to
foreign countries, one of which angklung.
Angklung was one of Indonesia's cultural
heritage and has been there hundreds years
ago. Gubrak’s angklung is the oldest angklung
[1,2].
Most people in the West Java area into a
craftsmen angklung [3]. Craftsmen make
angklung in a simple way. This time alignment
of tone angklung using the hearing senses
through alignment with the sound of gamelan.
Angklung has the meaning as a not complete
tone because there are broken tone or missing
tone [4]. Angklung consists of two tubes to
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 123
four tubes. Angklung consists of two tubes will
produce a single tone with a tone octave.
Angklung consists of 3 tubes will produce a
single tone with a two tone octaves while
angklung consists of 4 tubes produce a single
tone and two tone octaves and chord tone [5].
Angklung is played by shake and vibrated by
hand consisting of ancak and tube sound.
ancak is part of the frame of angklung and
tube sound is where the sound is generated
[6].
Bamboo used in the manufacture of
angklung is apus / rope bamboo, petung
bamboo, andong bamboo and black bamboo
[7]. In this research using apus / rope
bamboo, because apus / rope bamboo is easy
to obtain and more affordable. Character of
Apus / rope bamboo is trunked strong, tough,
straight, and has a long fiber and flexible [8].
Several studies about traditional musical
instruments, such as frequency measurements
on slenthem gamelan declared that there is an
influence on laying resonator tube to the
length sound produced by slenthem [9]. There
is also research about traditional musical
instruments on the frequency measurement of
the saron gamelan declared that the frequency
of the saron gamelan is affected by the width,
thickness and size of the resonator holes [10].
Research on the angklung through tube tone
and octave tone were released declared that
the fundamental frequency of resonance is
influenced by the length and diameter of the
air column [11]. The relationship between the
frequency and the length of the pipeline is
getting shorter pipe organ, the greater the
frequency of sound produced [12].
Acoustics is a branch of science that
studies the sound [13]. The sound is a
longitudinal wave [14] which occurs because
of the objects vibrate heard by the ear and
vibrate the eardrum. The amplitude was
increasing, then the sound intensity increases,
so the amplitude depends on the frequency
[15]. The vibration frequency tones can
determine high and low of a tone, while
amplitude determine weak and loud of a tone
[16]. Sound intensity is the energy produced
per unit area. The greater of energy, the
amplitude, frequency and sound intensity are
also getting greater, so the sound intensity is
directly proportional to the frequency [17,18].
Each sound source produces a different sound
intensity [19].
From the description above that
alignment of angklung tone still use the sense
of hearing. The sense of hearing owned by
every person has a different sound, then need
to
standardization
of
the
angklung
manufacture to align sound in every angklung
tone by measuring the intensity of sound in
angklung, purpose of this study was to analyze
the angklung sound intensity from G tone to G
'tone.
2. Experiments Procedure
This research was conducted to determine
the effect of resonator tube to sound intensity
produced by angklung. The variable of this
research is the length and diameter of the
angklung tube as independent variables and
the sound intensity of angklung as the
dependent variable. The control variable in
this study is use angklung from apus/rope
bamboo.
This research will measure the sound
intensity produced angklung. The tool used in
this research is a Sound Level Meter. The
material used in this research is an angklung
pengamen who has 2 octaves tone. Intensity
is measured is from a low tone to high tone on
the angklung pengamen , tone G to G '.
Data were taken by measuring the length
and diameter on every angklung tone from G
to G' as a variation are presented in Table 1.
The next step is shake each angklung starting
from a low tone G to high tone G ', so that to
produce sound. Sound intensity measurement
using the Sound Level Meter is placed at a
distance (r) constant. Figure 1 is a schematic
measurement sound intensity on the angklung
tone with Sound Level Meter.
Data obtained then analyzed. Data
analyzed in this research using analysis of
graphs that is the sound intensity graph to the
tube length from the G to G ' angklung tone
and sound intensity graph to the tube
diameter from the G to G' angklung tone.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 124
Table 1. Tube length and tube diameter variation on G-G’ angklung tones
Resonator Angklung
Tone
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G'
Tube 1
Length
21.6
19.2
16.6
16.0
14.2
12.8
11.5
10.0
Tube 2
Diameter
4.10
3.90
3.60
3.50
3.30
3.20
3.10
3.00
Length
10.10
9.50
8.40
7.70
6.80
6.20
6.00
5.50
Diameter
3.40
3.00
2.80
2.70
2.50
2.40
2.10
2.10
r
Figure 1. Measurement sound intensity angklung
tones with Sound Level Meter.
3. Result and Discussion
Experiments were performed using
angklung apus / rope bamboo of G to G ' tones,
then determine the sound intensity using the
Sound Level Meter is placed with a constant
distance when measurements. Every note on
the angklung has different a length and
diameter of the tube. Angklung used in this
research is 2 octaves angklung pengamen
consists of two tubes has different of length
and diameter as presented in Table 1. The
relationship between the tube diameter from
the G to G ' tone with the sound intensity
produced is presented in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Graph of relationship between tube
diameter G-G’ tones to sound intensity
From Figure 2 shows that the diameter of
the tube 1 is greater than the diameter of the
tube 2. The tube diameter greater then the
sound intensity produced is gets smaller. The
higher the tone then diameter tube is gets
smaller, the tube diameter is smaller then the
sound intensity produced increases. The
relationship between tube length from G to G'
angklung tones to the sound intensity
produced is presented in Figure 3.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 125
greater, so the frequency is proportional to
the sound intensity [18]. The sound intensity
is also influenced by the tube diameter and
tube length, the smaller the tube diameter
then sound intensity getting greater and the
shorter the tube length then the greater the
sound intensity [11]
Figure 3. Graph of relationship between tube
length G-G’ tones to sound intensity
From Figure 3 shows that the angklung has
tube length 1 greater than the tube length 2.
The smaller the diameter of the sound
intensity increases, The higher the tone then
the length tube is getting shorter. The shorter
tube length then the sound intensity produced
increases. In previous researches of the tone
frequency to 2 octaves of G to G ' tones [1] is
presented in Table 2.
Table 2. Frequency of 2 octaves angklung G-G’
tones
Nada
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G'
Frekuensi (Hz)
49.5
55.0
61.9
66.0
74.3
82.5
88.0
99.0
The relationship between the frequency to
the sound intensity on 2 octaves angklung of G
to G' tones is shown in Figure 4. From Figure 4
shows that the higher the frequency then the
sound intensity is getting greater. From the
results that have been obtained is
corresponding with the theory and previous
research that the higher the tone, the higher
the frequency and sound intensity getting
Figure 4. Graph of relationship between frequency
G-G’ tones to sound intensity
4. Conclusion
The tube length and the tube diameter
affect the sound intensity, that the smaller the
tube diameter and the shorter the tube length,
the sound intensity produced increases.
Sound intensity is also proportional to the
frequency that the higher the frequency then
the greater the sound intensity produced.
Acknowledgment
The author wish to thank to Department
of Physics, Universitas Negeri Semarang for
the financial support.
References
[1]
M. Masiswo, G. B. Mandegani, V. Atika,
Karakteristik
Angklung
Berbahan
Bambu Apus (Gigantochloa apus),
Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik, Vol. 32,
pp. 41-50, 2015.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 126
[2]
A. Pratiwi, Pelestarian Angklung sebagai
Warisan Budaya Takbenda dalam
Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Saung
Angklung
Udjo,
Bandung,
Tesis,
Universitas Udayana, 2013.
[3] A. Angraini, dan G. Yudoko, Usulan
Perumusan Strategi Perusahaan dengan
Analisis SWOT : Studi Kasus PT Saung
Angklung Udjo Bandung, Jurnal Riset
Manajemen & Bisnis, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp 7488, 2009.
[4] D. Supriadi, Model Pembelajaran Musik
Angklung Sunda Kreasi di Sanggar
Saung Angklung Udjo Nglagena,
Padasuka
Bandung
Jawa
Barat,
Harmonia Jurnal Pengetahuan dan
Pemikiran Seni, Vol. 7, No.3, 2006.
[5] D. Hermawan, Angklung Sunda Sebagai
Wahana
Industri
Kreatif
dan
Pembentukan Karakter, Jurnal Seni dan
Budaya Panggung,Vol. 23, No. 23,
pp.171-186, 2013.
[6] Badan Standar Nasional, Kegunaan
Bambu, SNI 8020, 2014.
[7] P. Oktaviani, E. K. S. H. Muntasib, dan E.
A. M. Zuhud, Perencanaan Interpretasi
Berbasis Konservasi Bambu Sebagai
Bahan Baku Angklung di Saung
Angklung Udjo, Seminar Sekolah
Pascasarjana IPB,2016.
[8] Suwartanti, Perilaku Mekanik Tarik
Bambu dan Potensi Aplikasinya Sebagai
Perkuatan Tanah pada Timbunan,
INERSA, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 39-47, 2005.
[9] A. Ardiansyah, L. Yuwana, Suyatno, G.
Prajitno, D. Basuki, dan S. Indrawati,
Pengaruh Resonator Terhadap Bunyi
Slenthem
Berdasarkan
SPL
dan
Frekuensi, Jurnal Teknik Pomits, pp. 1-7,
2014.
[10] Mitrayana dan V.J. Cytasari, Pengukuran
Frekuensi Bunyi Saron Demung Laras
Pelog Gamelan Jawa Menggunakan
Perangkat Lunak Visual Analyzer, Jurnal
Fisika Indonesia, Vol. 18, No.54, pp. 7376, 2014.
[11] M. Ridzuwary, M. Zainal, S. A. Samad, A.
Hussain dan C. H. Azhari, Pitch and
Timbre Determinastion of Angklung,
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
American Journal of Applied Sciences,
Vol.6 (1), pp. 24-29, 2009.
E.A. Muhafid, dan M. R. Primadi,
Pengembangan Alat Eksperimen Bunyi
dengan Sistem Akuisisi Data Berbasis
Smartphone Android, Jurnal Fisika, Vol.
4, No. 2, pp. 83-87, 2014.
M.N. Massikki, Performa Akustik Pada
Ruang di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri
Marwola
Kabupaten
Sigi,
Jurnal
SMARTek, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 224-230,
2010.
K. Anwar, M. Isnaini, dan L.S. Utami,
Analisis Akord Dmayor Pada Alat Musik
Gitar Acoustik, Jurnal Fisika Idonesia,
Vol. 18, No. 54, pp. 77-81, 2014.
Jamaludin, D. Suriyanto, M. Adiansyah,
M
Sholachuddin,
I.
Sucahyo,
Perancangan dan Implementasi Sound
Level Meter (SLM) dalam Skala
Laboratorium Sebagai Alat Ukur
Intensitas Bunyi, Jurnal Pendidikan
Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA), Vol. 4, No.
1, pp. 42-46, 2014.
A.H. Wafiroh, Pengukuran Tingkat
Kebisingan di Lingkungan SMPN 2
Jember, FMIPA Universitas Jember,
2013.
T. Sethapakdi, Sound Intensity of a
Drum, ISB Journal of Physics, Vol.6 (1),
2012.
Y. Purwiyantini, M. P. Aji, dan Sulhadi,
Analisis Akustik Alat Musik Rebana,
2016.
Tanujaya, H., Metode Pengendalian
Tingkat Tekanan Bunyi pada Pengujian
Prototype Auditory Membrane, 2012.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
Available online at http://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/jnsmr
Analysis of Angklung Sound Intensity as a Acoustic Instrument
Rizka Silviana Hartanti1, and Budi Astuti2
1Physics
Education Postgraduate Program Universitas Negeri Semarang, Unnes Campus Bendan Ngisor
Sampangan Semarang 50233
2 Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang State University, Campus Sekaran
Gunungpati, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Abstracts
Corresponding
author:
rizkasilviana.h@gmail.com
Recived: 12 April 2016,
Revised : 15 May 2016,
Accepted: 24 June 2016.
The purpose of this study was to analysis of angklung sound intensity. The
research method is using angklung musician 2 octaves. Each consists of two tube
tone that sounded from the tone of G to G ', length and diameter of the tube every
tone becomes independent variable, while intensity of the sound produced
becomes dependent variable. Sound intensity is measured using a Sound Level
Meter is placed with a constant distance. The result showed that G tone was a low
tone which had a frequency of 49.5 Hz, first tube had 21.6 cm length and 4.1 cm
diameter, second tube had 10.1 cm length and 3.4 cm diameter produced the
sound intensity of 90.7 dB. G’ tone was a high tone which had a frequency of 99
Hz, first tube had 10 cm length and 3 cm diameter, second tube had 5.5 cm length
and 2.1 cm diameter produced the sound intensity of 99.1 dB. It can be
concluded that the higher the frequency, the greater the intensity of the sound
produced. The shorter tube length and the smaller tube diameter, the greater the
intensity of the sound. ©2016 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Key words: Angklung; Intensity of sound; Tube diameter; Tube length.
1. Introduction
Every region in Indonesia had many
culture one of which the traditional musical
instrument
[1].
Traditional
musical
instruments in Indonesia has been known to
foreign countries, one of which angklung.
Angklung was one of Indonesia's cultural
heritage and has been there hundreds years
ago. Gubrak’s angklung is the oldest angklung
[1,2].
Most people in the West Java area into a
craftsmen angklung [3]. Craftsmen make
angklung in a simple way. This time alignment
of tone angklung using the hearing senses
through alignment with the sound of gamelan.
Angklung has the meaning as a not complete
tone because there are broken tone or missing
tone [4]. Angklung consists of two tubes to
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 123
four tubes. Angklung consists of two tubes will
produce a single tone with a tone octave.
Angklung consists of 3 tubes will produce a
single tone with a two tone octaves while
angklung consists of 4 tubes produce a single
tone and two tone octaves and chord tone [5].
Angklung is played by shake and vibrated by
hand consisting of ancak and tube sound.
ancak is part of the frame of angklung and
tube sound is where the sound is generated
[6].
Bamboo used in the manufacture of
angklung is apus / rope bamboo, petung
bamboo, andong bamboo and black bamboo
[7]. In this research using apus / rope
bamboo, because apus / rope bamboo is easy
to obtain and more affordable. Character of
Apus / rope bamboo is trunked strong, tough,
straight, and has a long fiber and flexible [8].
Several studies about traditional musical
instruments, such as frequency measurements
on slenthem gamelan declared that there is an
influence on laying resonator tube to the
length sound produced by slenthem [9]. There
is also research about traditional musical
instruments on the frequency measurement of
the saron gamelan declared that the frequency
of the saron gamelan is affected by the width,
thickness and size of the resonator holes [10].
Research on the angklung through tube tone
and octave tone were released declared that
the fundamental frequency of resonance is
influenced by the length and diameter of the
air column [11]. The relationship between the
frequency and the length of the pipeline is
getting shorter pipe organ, the greater the
frequency of sound produced [12].
Acoustics is a branch of science that
studies the sound [13]. The sound is a
longitudinal wave [14] which occurs because
of the objects vibrate heard by the ear and
vibrate the eardrum. The amplitude was
increasing, then the sound intensity increases,
so the amplitude depends on the frequency
[15]. The vibration frequency tones can
determine high and low of a tone, while
amplitude determine weak and loud of a tone
[16]. Sound intensity is the energy produced
per unit area. The greater of energy, the
amplitude, frequency and sound intensity are
also getting greater, so the sound intensity is
directly proportional to the frequency [17,18].
Each sound source produces a different sound
intensity [19].
From the description above that
alignment of angklung tone still use the sense
of hearing. The sense of hearing owned by
every person has a different sound, then need
to
standardization
of
the
angklung
manufacture to align sound in every angklung
tone by measuring the intensity of sound in
angklung, purpose of this study was to analyze
the angklung sound intensity from G tone to G
'tone.
2. Experiments Procedure
This research was conducted to determine
the effect of resonator tube to sound intensity
produced by angklung. The variable of this
research is the length and diameter of the
angklung tube as independent variables and
the sound intensity of angklung as the
dependent variable. The control variable in
this study is use angklung from apus/rope
bamboo.
This research will measure the sound
intensity produced angklung. The tool used in
this research is a Sound Level Meter. The
material used in this research is an angklung
pengamen who has 2 octaves tone. Intensity
is measured is from a low tone to high tone on
the angklung pengamen , tone G to G '.
Data were taken by measuring the length
and diameter on every angklung tone from G
to G' as a variation are presented in Table 1.
The next step is shake each angklung starting
from a low tone G to high tone G ', so that to
produce sound. Sound intensity measurement
using the Sound Level Meter is placed at a
distance (r) constant. Figure 1 is a schematic
measurement sound intensity on the angklung
tone with Sound Level Meter.
Data obtained then analyzed. Data
analyzed in this research using analysis of
graphs that is the sound intensity graph to the
tube length from the G to G ' angklung tone
and sound intensity graph to the tube
diameter from the G to G' angklung tone.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 124
Table 1. Tube length and tube diameter variation on G-G’ angklung tones
Resonator Angklung
Tone
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G'
Tube 1
Length
21.6
19.2
16.6
16.0
14.2
12.8
11.5
10.0
Tube 2
Diameter
4.10
3.90
3.60
3.50
3.30
3.20
3.10
3.00
Length
10.10
9.50
8.40
7.70
6.80
6.20
6.00
5.50
Diameter
3.40
3.00
2.80
2.70
2.50
2.40
2.10
2.10
r
Figure 1. Measurement sound intensity angklung
tones with Sound Level Meter.
3. Result and Discussion
Experiments were performed using
angklung apus / rope bamboo of G to G ' tones,
then determine the sound intensity using the
Sound Level Meter is placed with a constant
distance when measurements. Every note on
the angklung has different a length and
diameter of the tube. Angklung used in this
research is 2 octaves angklung pengamen
consists of two tubes has different of length
and diameter as presented in Table 1. The
relationship between the tube diameter from
the G to G ' tone with the sound intensity
produced is presented in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Graph of relationship between tube
diameter G-G’ tones to sound intensity
From Figure 2 shows that the diameter of
the tube 1 is greater than the diameter of the
tube 2. The tube diameter greater then the
sound intensity produced is gets smaller. The
higher the tone then diameter tube is gets
smaller, the tube diameter is smaller then the
sound intensity produced increases. The
relationship between tube length from G to G'
angklung tones to the sound intensity
produced is presented in Figure 3.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 125
greater, so the frequency is proportional to
the sound intensity [18]. The sound intensity
is also influenced by the tube diameter and
tube length, the smaller the tube diameter
then sound intensity getting greater and the
shorter the tube length then the greater the
sound intensity [11]
Figure 3. Graph of relationship between tube
length G-G’ tones to sound intensity
From Figure 3 shows that the angklung has
tube length 1 greater than the tube length 2.
The smaller the diameter of the sound
intensity increases, The higher the tone then
the length tube is getting shorter. The shorter
tube length then the sound intensity produced
increases. In previous researches of the tone
frequency to 2 octaves of G to G ' tones [1] is
presented in Table 2.
Table 2. Frequency of 2 octaves angklung G-G’
tones
Nada
G
A
B
C
D
E
F
G'
Frekuensi (Hz)
49.5
55.0
61.9
66.0
74.3
82.5
88.0
99.0
The relationship between the frequency to
the sound intensity on 2 octaves angklung of G
to G' tones is shown in Figure 4. From Figure 4
shows that the higher the frequency then the
sound intensity is getting greater. From the
results that have been obtained is
corresponding with the theory and previous
research that the higher the tone, the higher
the frequency and sound intensity getting
Figure 4. Graph of relationship between frequency
G-G’ tones to sound intensity
4. Conclusion
The tube length and the tube diameter
affect the sound intensity, that the smaller the
tube diameter and the shorter the tube length,
the sound intensity produced increases.
Sound intensity is also proportional to the
frequency that the higher the frequency then
the greater the sound intensity produced.
Acknowledgment
The author wish to thank to Department
of Physics, Universitas Negeri Semarang for
the financial support.
References
[1]
M. Masiswo, G. B. Mandegani, V. Atika,
Karakteristik
Angklung
Berbahan
Bambu Apus (Gigantochloa apus),
Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik, Vol. 32,
pp. 41-50, 2015.
Copyright @2016, JNSMR, ISSN: 2460-4453
J. Nat. Scien. & Math. Res. Vol. 2 No.1 (2016) 122-126, 126
[2]
A. Pratiwi, Pelestarian Angklung sebagai
Warisan Budaya Takbenda dalam
Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Saung
Angklung
Udjo,
Bandung,
Tesis,
Universitas Udayana, 2013.
[3] A. Angraini, dan G. Yudoko, Usulan
Perumusan Strategi Perusahaan dengan
Analisis SWOT : Studi Kasus PT Saung
Angklung Udjo Bandung, Jurnal Riset
Manajemen & Bisnis, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp 7488, 2009.
[4] D. Supriadi, Model Pembelajaran Musik
Angklung Sunda Kreasi di Sanggar
Saung Angklung Udjo Nglagena,
Padasuka
Bandung
Jawa
Barat,
Harmonia Jurnal Pengetahuan dan
Pemikiran Seni, Vol. 7, No.3, 2006.
[5] D. Hermawan, Angklung Sunda Sebagai
Wahana
Industri
Kreatif
dan
Pembentukan Karakter, Jurnal Seni dan
Budaya Panggung,Vol. 23, No. 23,
pp.171-186, 2013.
[6] Badan Standar Nasional, Kegunaan
Bambu, SNI 8020, 2014.
[7] P. Oktaviani, E. K. S. H. Muntasib, dan E.
A. M. Zuhud, Perencanaan Interpretasi
Berbasis Konservasi Bambu Sebagai
Bahan Baku Angklung di Saung
Angklung Udjo, Seminar Sekolah
Pascasarjana IPB,2016.
[8] Suwartanti, Perilaku Mekanik Tarik
Bambu dan Potensi Aplikasinya Sebagai
Perkuatan Tanah pada Timbunan,
INERSA, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 39-47, 2005.
[9] A. Ardiansyah, L. Yuwana, Suyatno, G.
Prajitno, D. Basuki, dan S. Indrawati,
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