PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SMP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHET (NHT) DAN STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) PADA SISWA SMPN 1 KARANGREJO TULUNGAGUNG - Institutional Repository of IAIN Tulung
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Sampul Luar ..................................................................................
i
Halaman Sampul Dalam ...............................................................................
ii
Halaman Persetujuan ....................................................................................
iii
Halaman Pengesahan ....................................................................................
iv
Halaman Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan ..........................................................
v
Halaman Motto .............................................................................................
vi
Persembahan .................................................................................................
vii
Kata Pengantar ..............................................................................................
viii
Daftar Isi .......................................................................................................
x
Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................
xiii
Daftar Gambar ...............................................................................................
xiv
Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................
xv
Abstrak ..........................................................................................................
xvi
Abstract ..........................................................................................................
xvii
الملخّص...........................................................................................................
BAB I : PENDAHULUAN ..........................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang..........................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah .....................................................................
10
C. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................
10
D. Hipotesis Penelitian ..................................................................
11
E. Kegunaan Penelitian .................................................................
13
F. Ruang Lingkup dan Keterbatasan Penelitian ............................
14
G. Definisi Operasional .................................................................
17
H. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi...................................................
18
BAB II : LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................
20
A. Hakekat Matematika .................................................................
20
B. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ...............................................
21
1. Pengertian Pembelajaran Kooperatif ....................................
21
2. Ciri-ciri Pembelajaran Kooperatif ........................................
23
3. Tujuan Pembelajaran Kooperatif ..........................................
23
4. Langkah-langkah Pembelajaran Kooperatif .........................
25
5. Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Pembelajaran Kooperatif .........
26
C. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads
Together (NHT) ........................................................................
28
1. Pengertian NHT ....................................................................
28
2. Langkah-langkah Penerapan NHT ......................................
30
3. Kelebihan dan kelemahan NHT ..........................................
33
D. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams
Achievement Divisions (STAD) ................................................
34
1.Pengertian STAD ...................................................................
34
2. Kegiatan Pembelajaran STAD..............................................
35
3. Kelebihan dan kelemahan STAD .........................................
39
E. Hasil Belajar ..............................................................................
40
1.Pengertian Hasil Belajar ........................................................
40
2.Ruang Lingkup Hasil Belajar ...............................................
42
3.Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ...............
52
F. Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe NHT dan
STAD Pada Materi Perbandingan ............................................... 54
1.Materi Perbandingan .............................................................. .. 54
2.Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe NHT Pada
Materi Perbandingan .............................................................. .
58
3.Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe STAD Pada
Materi Perbandingan .............................................................. .
59
G. Kajian Penelitian Terdahulu........................................................ 61
H. Kerangka Berpikir ....................................................................... 64
BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................ 66
A.Pendekatan dan Jenis Penelitian .................................................. 66
B. Populasi, Sampling dan sampel Penelitian .................................. 69
C. Sumber Data, Variabel dan Skala Pengukuran ........................... 71
D.Teknik Pengumpulan data dan Instrumen Penelitian .................. 74
E. Analisis Data ............................................................................... 81
F. Prosedur Penelitian...................................................................... 87
BAB IV : LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN ............................................. 89
A. Deskripsi Singkat Objek Penelitian ............................................ 89
B. Hasil Penelitian ........................................................................... 93
1. Deskripsi Data ......................................................................... 93
2. Analisis Data ........................................................................... 96
a). Uji Instrument .................................................................... 96
b). Uji Prasyarat ...................................................................... 99
c). Pengujian Hipotesis ........................................................... 104
3. Rekapitulasi Hasil Penelitian .................................................. 119
BAB V : PEMBAHASAN HASIL PENELITIAN ...................................... 121
BAB VI : PENUTUP ...................................................................................... 137
DAFTAR RUJUKAN ................................................................................... 141
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................ 149
Halaman Sampul Luar ..................................................................................
i
Halaman Sampul Dalam ...............................................................................
ii
Halaman Persetujuan ....................................................................................
iii
Halaman Pengesahan ....................................................................................
iv
Halaman Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan ..........................................................
v
Halaman Motto .............................................................................................
vi
Persembahan .................................................................................................
vii
Kata Pengantar ..............................................................................................
viii
Daftar Isi .......................................................................................................
x
Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................
xiii
Daftar Gambar ...............................................................................................
xiv
Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................
xv
Abstrak ..........................................................................................................
xvi
Abstract ..........................................................................................................
xvii
الملخّص...........................................................................................................
BAB I : PENDAHULUAN ..........................................................................
1
A. Latar Belakang..........................................................................
1
B. Rumusan Masalah .....................................................................
10
C. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................
10
D. Hipotesis Penelitian ..................................................................
11
E. Kegunaan Penelitian .................................................................
13
F. Ruang Lingkup dan Keterbatasan Penelitian ............................
14
G. Definisi Operasional .................................................................
17
H. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi...................................................
18
BAB II : LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................
20
A. Hakekat Matematika .................................................................
20
B. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif ...............................................
21
1. Pengertian Pembelajaran Kooperatif ....................................
21
2. Ciri-ciri Pembelajaran Kooperatif ........................................
23
3. Tujuan Pembelajaran Kooperatif ..........................................
23
4. Langkah-langkah Pembelajaran Kooperatif .........................
25
5. Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Pembelajaran Kooperatif .........
26
C. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads
Together (NHT) ........................................................................
28
1. Pengertian NHT ....................................................................
28
2. Langkah-langkah Penerapan NHT ......................................
30
3. Kelebihan dan kelemahan NHT ..........................................
33
D. Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams
Achievement Divisions (STAD) ................................................
34
1.Pengertian STAD ...................................................................
34
2. Kegiatan Pembelajaran STAD..............................................
35
3. Kelebihan dan kelemahan STAD .........................................
39
E. Hasil Belajar ..............................................................................
40
1.Pengertian Hasil Belajar ........................................................
40
2.Ruang Lingkup Hasil Belajar ...............................................
42
3.Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ...............
52
F. Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe NHT dan
STAD Pada Materi Perbandingan ............................................... 54
1.Materi Perbandingan .............................................................. .. 54
2.Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe NHT Pada
Materi Perbandingan .............................................................. .
58
3.Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe STAD Pada
Materi Perbandingan .............................................................. .
59
G. Kajian Penelitian Terdahulu........................................................ 61
H. Kerangka Berpikir ....................................................................... 64
BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................ 66
A.Pendekatan dan Jenis Penelitian .................................................. 66
B. Populasi, Sampling dan sampel Penelitian .................................. 69
C. Sumber Data, Variabel dan Skala Pengukuran ........................... 71
D.Teknik Pengumpulan data dan Instrumen Penelitian .................. 74
E. Analisis Data ............................................................................... 81
F. Prosedur Penelitian...................................................................... 87
BAB IV : LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN ............................................. 89
A. Deskripsi Singkat Objek Penelitian ............................................ 89
B. Hasil Penelitian ........................................................................... 93
1. Deskripsi Data ......................................................................... 93
2. Analisis Data ........................................................................... 96
a). Uji Instrument .................................................................... 96
b). Uji Prasyarat ...................................................................... 99
c). Pengujian Hipotesis ........................................................... 104
3. Rekapitulasi Hasil Penelitian .................................................. 119
BAB V : PEMBAHASAN HASIL PENELITIAN ...................................... 121
BAB VI : PENUTUP ...................................................................................... 137
DAFTAR RUJUKAN ................................................................................... 141
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ............................................................................ 149