Institutional Repository | Satya Wacana Christian University: Visualisasi Gedung FTI UKSW Salatiga Berbasis 3D menggunakan 3DS Max dan Unity 3D
Visualisasi Gedung FTI UKSW Salatiga
Berbasis 3D menggunakan 3DS Max dan Unity 3D
Laporan Penelitian
Diajukan kepada
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
untuk memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Komputer
Peneliti :
Margarita Fitriana D.H.S (672004126)
Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Sediyono, M.Kom.
Martin Setyawan, S.T.
Program Studi Teknik Informatika
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
Salatiga
Agustus 2012
i
ii
Pernyataan
Penelitian yang berikut ini
Judul
:
: Visualisasi Gedung FTI UKSW SALATIGA Berbasis 3D
menggunakan 3DS Max dan Unity 3D
Pembimbing : 1. Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Sediyono, M.Kom.
2. Martin Setyawan, S.T.
Adalah benar hasil karya saya:
Nama
: Margarita Fitriana D.H.S
NIM
: 672004126
Saya menyatakan tidak mengambil sebagian atau seluruhnya dari hasil karya
orang lain kecuali sebagaimana yang tertulis pada daftar pustaka.
Pernyataan ini dibuat dengan sebenar – benarnya sesuai dengan ketentuan
yang berlaku dalam penulisan karya ilmiah.
Salatiga, Agustus 2012
Margarita Fitriana D.H.S
iii
Prakata
Puji Syukur saya ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas berkat
dan rahmatNya yang besar, saya dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini.
Skripsi dengan judul Simulasi Gedung Baru FTI UKSW Salatiga Berbasis
3D menggunakan Layar Sentuh yang penulis susun sebagai syarat kelulusan
dan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Komputer pada Program Studi Teknik
Informatika Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Kristen Satya
Wacana.
Penulis menyadari tanpa adanya bantuan dari berbagai pihak yang
telah berpartisipasi dalam memberikan informasi dan pengarahan, laporan ini
tidak akan terselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih
kepada :
1. Bapak Andeka Rocky Tanaamah, S.E., M.Cs., selaku Dekan Fakultas
Teknologi Informasi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga.
2. Bapak Dian W. Chandra , S.Kom., M.Cs., selaku Ketua Program Studi
Teknik Informatika, Fakultas Teknologi Informasi, Universitas Kristen
Satya Wacana Salatiga.
3. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Sediyono, M.Kom., selaku Dosen Pembimbing
1 yang mengarahkan dan membimbing Penulis dalam menyelesaikan
penelitian ini.
4. Bapak Martin Setyawan, S.T., selaku Dosen Pembimbing 2 yang telah
membimbing Penulis dalam menyelesaikan penelitian ini.
5. Seluruh Dosen Pengajar dan Staff Karyawan Fakultas Teknologi
Informasi, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga.
iv
6. Kedua orang tua dan semua keluarga besar yang selalu memberikan doa,
semangat dan dukungan.
7. Sahabatku Ayu Gita, Haricha, Christina Desi yang selalu memberikan
semangat dan dukungan.
8. Special Thanks to teman-teman NBL Indonesia (yaitu ibro, ichal, mas
rizal) dan teman-teman FTI. Terima kasih buat bantuan dan dukungan
kalian semua.
9. Semua pihak yang telah membantu saya selama melaksanakan penelitian
dan dalam menyelesaikan penulisan Tugas Akhir ini.
Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih belum sempurna, karena
itu saran dan kritik dari berbagai pihak yang membaca laporan ini sangat
diharapkan untuk kesempurnaan dari penulisan selanjutnya.
Salatiga, 3 Agustus 2012
Margarita Fitriana D.H.S
v
Daftar Isi
Halaman Judul ........................................................................................... i
Halaman Pengesahan ................................................................................. ii
Halaman Pernyataan ................................................................................. iii
Prakata ..................................................................................................... iv
Daftar Isi .................................................................................................. vi
Daftar Gambar ....................................................................................... viii
Daftar Kode Program ................................................................................ ix
Daftar Lampiran ........................................................................................ x
Abstract ................................................................................................... xi
Bab 1 Pendahuluan .................................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah .... ............................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ......................................................................... 2
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................... 3
1.4 Batasan Masalah ........................................................................... 3
1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................... 4
Bab 2 Tinjauan Pustaka ........................................................................... 7
2.1 Penelitian Sebelumnya .................................................................. 7
2.2 Visualisasi .................................................................................... 8
2.3 Komputer Grafis ........................................................................... 9
2.4 Gambar Arsitektur dan Denah ...................................................... 10
2.4.1 Gambar Arsitektur ................................................................ 10
2.4.2 Denah ................................................................................. 11
2.5 Multimedia dan Animasi .............................................................. 14
2.5.1 Multimedia .......................................................................... 14
2.5.2 Animasi .............................................................................. 15
2.6 Tiga Dimensi (3D) ....................................................................... 17
2.7 Pengenalan 3D Studio Max ......................................................... 17
2.7.1 Metode Pemodelan pada 3DS Max .................................... 20
2.7.2 Shockwave W3D pada 3DS Max ....................................... 21
2.8 Modeling ................................................................................... 22
2.9 Rendering ................................................................................... 22
2.9.1 Pengertian 3D Rendering ................................................... 22
2.9.2 Hasil Proses Rendering ...................................................... 23
2.9.3 Rendering Quicktime VR .................................................... 24
2.10 Unity 3D ................................................................................... 25
2.10.1 Project View ...................................................................... 26
2.10.2 Hierarchy ......................................................................... 27
2.10.3 Inspector .......................................................................... 27
vi
2.10.4 Build Settings ...................................................................
2.11 First Person Control ...................................................................
Bab 3 Metode dan Perancangan Sistem ...... ............................................
3.1 Metode Pengembangan Sistem .....................................................
3.2 Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem ...........................................................
3.2.1 Pengambilan Data Gedung ..................................................
3.2.2 Perangkat Lunak .................................................................
3.2.3 Perangkat Keras ..................................................................
3.3 Perancangan Sistem .....................................................................
3.4 Perancangan Animasi 3D .............................................................
3.4.1 Modeling .............................................................................
3.4.2 Texturing .............................................................................
3.4.3 Lighting and Camera ..........................................................
3.4.4 Animating ...........................................................................
3.4.5 Rendering ...........................................................................
3.5 Perancangan Antarmuka (Interface) .............................................
Bab 4 Hasil dan Pembahasan ..................................................................
4.1 Implementasi Sistem ....................................................................
4.1.1 Perancangan 3D Gedung .....................................................
4.1.1.1 Modeling ....................................................................
4.1.1.2 Texturing, Lighting and Camera .................................
4.1.1.3 Rendering ...................................................................
4.1.2 Perancangan Aplikasi ..........................................................
4.2 Hasil Implementasi ......................................................................
4.3 Pengujian ...................................................................................
Bab 5 Kesimpulan dan Saran ..................................................................
5.1 Kesimpulan ..................................................................................
5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................
Daftar Pustaka .........................................................................................
Lampiran ..............................................................................................
vii
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30
33
33
35
35
35
36
37
39
40
41
42
43
43
44
47
47
48
48
49
51
52
57
62
67
67
68
69
70
Daftar Gambar
Gambar 2.1 Contoh Skala Angka ........................................................ 10
Gambar 2.2 Contoh Skala Batang .......................................................... 11
Gambar 2.3 Denah Lantai 1 ................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.4 Potongan Denah Gedung Tampak Samping ....................... 13
Gambar 2.5 Denah Gedung Tampak Depan .......................................... 14
Gambar 2.6 Tampilan Layar 3DS Max 2009 ....................................... 20
Gambar 2.7 Tampilan Awal Unity 3D .................................................. 26
Gambar 2.8 Tampilan Halaman Project ................................................ 26
Gambar 2.9 Tampilan Hierarchy .......................................................... 27
Gambar 2.10 Tampilan Inspector ........................................................... 28
Gambar 2.11 Tampilan Pengaturan Inspector ......................................... 29
Gambar 2.12 Tampilan Build Settings ..................................................... 30
Gambar 2.13 Tampilan Obyek Capsule ................................................... 31
Gambar 3.1 Metode Prototyping ........................................................... 34
Gambar 3.2 Rancangan Flowchart sistem .............................................. 38
Gambar 3.3 Modeling lemari ................................................................ 41
Gambar 3.4 Rancangan Antarmuka Halaman Awal .............................. 45
Gambar 3.5 Rancangan Antarmuka Halaman Utama ............................ 46
Gambar 4.1 Pembuatan Model Gedung ................................................ 48
Gambar 4.2 Texturing Model Gedung .................................................. 49
Gambar 4.3 Tampilan Hasil Render Lantai 1 ........................................ 50
Gambar 4.4 Tampilan posisi kamera ..................................................... 51
Gambar 4.5 Rendering Gedung FTI ...................................................... 52
Gambar 4.6 Pengaturan Tampilan Awal Simulasi ................................. 53
Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Terrain ................................................................ 54
Gambar 4.8 Pengaturan Model 3D Gedung .......................................... 55
Gambar 4.9 Pengaturan Kamera Tampak Perspektif .............................. 55
Gambar 4.10 Pengaturan Kamera Tampak Atas ..................................... 56
Gambar 4.11 Build Settings ................................................................... 56
Gambar 4.12 Tampilan Halaman Pertama ............................................... 57
Gambar 4.13 Tampilan Halaman Simulasi .............................................. 58
Gambar 4.14 Grafik Soal 1 Angket Pengujian Aplikasi .......................... 63
Gambar 4.15 Grafik Soal 2 Angket Pengujian Aplikasi .......................... 64
Gambar 4.16 Grafik Soal 3 Angket Pengujian Aplikasi .......................... 64
viii
Daftar Kode Program
Kode Program 1 Perintah Tombol Play ................................................... 57
Kode Program 2 Perintah Mouse Look .................................................... 59
Kode Program 3 Perintah Tombol Exit .................................................... 61
ix
Daftar Lampiran
Lampiran 1 Denah Lantai 1 ................................................................... 70
Lampiran 2 Denah Lantai 2 ................................................................... 71
Lampiran 3 Denah Lantai 3 ................................................................... 72
Lampiran 4 Denah Lantai 4 ................................................................... 73
Lampiran 5 Denah Auditorium .............................................................. 74
Lampiran 6 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 1 .................................... 75
Lampiran 7 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 2 .................................... 76
Lampiran 8 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 3 .................................... 77
Lampiran 9 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 4 .................................... 78
Lampiran 10 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Auditorium ............................... 79
Lampiran 11 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Atap ......................................... 80
Lampiran 12 Denah Potongan A-A ......................................................... 81
Lampiran 13 Denah Potongan B-B .......................................................... 82
Lampiran 14 Denah Potongan C-C .......................................................... 83
Lampiran 15 Denah Potongan D-D .......................................................... 84
Lampiran 16 Denah Atap ........................................................................ 85
Lampiran 17 Kuisioner Pengujian Simulasi ............................................. 86
x
Abstract
A Government agency, disposed to use 2D images to provide information
about the buildings. As a result, someone who read will be possessed a different
images of the buildings. Therefore, the developer of Information Technology seek to
use 3D visualization techniques to describe the buildings.
The final project is done making a 3D model buildings FTI Satya Wacana
Christian University Salatiga. In general, this project involves the modeling stage,
the merger model at 3D game engine, making the interface interactivity with the
technique of First Person View. The end result is a 3D animated visualization of the
buildings is beneficial to introduce an interactive visual condition of the buildings.
Keywords : Visualization, 3D model, First Person View, Interactive
xi
Berbasis 3D menggunakan 3DS Max dan Unity 3D
Laporan Penelitian
Diajukan kepada
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
untuk memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Komputer
Peneliti :
Margarita Fitriana D.H.S (672004126)
Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Sediyono, M.Kom.
Martin Setyawan, S.T.
Program Studi Teknik Informatika
Fakultas Teknologi Informasi
Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
Salatiga
Agustus 2012
i
ii
Pernyataan
Penelitian yang berikut ini
Judul
:
: Visualisasi Gedung FTI UKSW SALATIGA Berbasis 3D
menggunakan 3DS Max dan Unity 3D
Pembimbing : 1. Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Sediyono, M.Kom.
2. Martin Setyawan, S.T.
Adalah benar hasil karya saya:
Nama
: Margarita Fitriana D.H.S
NIM
: 672004126
Saya menyatakan tidak mengambil sebagian atau seluruhnya dari hasil karya
orang lain kecuali sebagaimana yang tertulis pada daftar pustaka.
Pernyataan ini dibuat dengan sebenar – benarnya sesuai dengan ketentuan
yang berlaku dalam penulisan karya ilmiah.
Salatiga, Agustus 2012
Margarita Fitriana D.H.S
iii
Prakata
Puji Syukur saya ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas berkat
dan rahmatNya yang besar, saya dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini.
Skripsi dengan judul Simulasi Gedung Baru FTI UKSW Salatiga Berbasis
3D menggunakan Layar Sentuh yang penulis susun sebagai syarat kelulusan
dan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Komputer pada Program Studi Teknik
Informatika Fakultas Teknologi Informasi Universitas Kristen Satya
Wacana.
Penulis menyadari tanpa adanya bantuan dari berbagai pihak yang
telah berpartisipasi dalam memberikan informasi dan pengarahan, laporan ini
tidak akan terselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih
kepada :
1. Bapak Andeka Rocky Tanaamah, S.E., M.Cs., selaku Dekan Fakultas
Teknologi Informasi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga.
2. Bapak Dian W. Chandra , S.Kom., M.Cs., selaku Ketua Program Studi
Teknik Informatika, Fakultas Teknologi Informasi, Universitas Kristen
Satya Wacana Salatiga.
3. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Sediyono, M.Kom., selaku Dosen Pembimbing
1 yang mengarahkan dan membimbing Penulis dalam menyelesaikan
penelitian ini.
4. Bapak Martin Setyawan, S.T., selaku Dosen Pembimbing 2 yang telah
membimbing Penulis dalam menyelesaikan penelitian ini.
5. Seluruh Dosen Pengajar dan Staff Karyawan Fakultas Teknologi
Informasi, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga.
iv
6. Kedua orang tua dan semua keluarga besar yang selalu memberikan doa,
semangat dan dukungan.
7. Sahabatku Ayu Gita, Haricha, Christina Desi yang selalu memberikan
semangat dan dukungan.
8. Special Thanks to teman-teman NBL Indonesia (yaitu ibro, ichal, mas
rizal) dan teman-teman FTI. Terima kasih buat bantuan dan dukungan
kalian semua.
9. Semua pihak yang telah membantu saya selama melaksanakan penelitian
dan dalam menyelesaikan penulisan Tugas Akhir ini.
Penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi ini masih belum sempurna, karena
itu saran dan kritik dari berbagai pihak yang membaca laporan ini sangat
diharapkan untuk kesempurnaan dari penulisan selanjutnya.
Salatiga, 3 Agustus 2012
Margarita Fitriana D.H.S
v
Daftar Isi
Halaman Judul ........................................................................................... i
Halaman Pengesahan ................................................................................. ii
Halaman Pernyataan ................................................................................. iii
Prakata ..................................................................................................... iv
Daftar Isi .................................................................................................. vi
Daftar Gambar ....................................................................................... viii
Daftar Kode Program ................................................................................ ix
Daftar Lampiran ........................................................................................ x
Abstract ................................................................................................... xi
Bab 1 Pendahuluan .................................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah .... ............................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ......................................................................... 2
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................... 3
1.4 Batasan Masalah ........................................................................... 3
1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................... 4
Bab 2 Tinjauan Pustaka ........................................................................... 7
2.1 Penelitian Sebelumnya .................................................................. 7
2.2 Visualisasi .................................................................................... 8
2.3 Komputer Grafis ........................................................................... 9
2.4 Gambar Arsitektur dan Denah ...................................................... 10
2.4.1 Gambar Arsitektur ................................................................ 10
2.4.2 Denah ................................................................................. 11
2.5 Multimedia dan Animasi .............................................................. 14
2.5.1 Multimedia .......................................................................... 14
2.5.2 Animasi .............................................................................. 15
2.6 Tiga Dimensi (3D) ....................................................................... 17
2.7 Pengenalan 3D Studio Max ......................................................... 17
2.7.1 Metode Pemodelan pada 3DS Max .................................... 20
2.7.2 Shockwave W3D pada 3DS Max ....................................... 21
2.8 Modeling ................................................................................... 22
2.9 Rendering ................................................................................... 22
2.9.1 Pengertian 3D Rendering ................................................... 22
2.9.2 Hasil Proses Rendering ...................................................... 23
2.9.3 Rendering Quicktime VR .................................................... 24
2.10 Unity 3D ................................................................................... 25
2.10.1 Project View ...................................................................... 26
2.10.2 Hierarchy ......................................................................... 27
2.10.3 Inspector .......................................................................... 27
vi
2.10.4 Build Settings ...................................................................
2.11 First Person Control ...................................................................
Bab 3 Metode dan Perancangan Sistem ...... ............................................
3.1 Metode Pengembangan Sistem .....................................................
3.2 Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem ...........................................................
3.2.1 Pengambilan Data Gedung ..................................................
3.2.2 Perangkat Lunak .................................................................
3.2.3 Perangkat Keras ..................................................................
3.3 Perancangan Sistem .....................................................................
3.4 Perancangan Animasi 3D .............................................................
3.4.1 Modeling .............................................................................
3.4.2 Texturing .............................................................................
3.4.3 Lighting and Camera ..........................................................
3.4.4 Animating ...........................................................................
3.4.5 Rendering ...........................................................................
3.5 Perancangan Antarmuka (Interface) .............................................
Bab 4 Hasil dan Pembahasan ..................................................................
4.1 Implementasi Sistem ....................................................................
4.1.1 Perancangan 3D Gedung .....................................................
4.1.1.1 Modeling ....................................................................
4.1.1.2 Texturing, Lighting and Camera .................................
4.1.1.3 Rendering ...................................................................
4.1.2 Perancangan Aplikasi ..........................................................
4.2 Hasil Implementasi ......................................................................
4.3 Pengujian ...................................................................................
Bab 5 Kesimpulan dan Saran ..................................................................
5.1 Kesimpulan ..................................................................................
5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................
Daftar Pustaka .........................................................................................
Lampiran ..............................................................................................
vii
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33
35
35
35
36
37
39
40
41
42
43
43
44
47
47
48
48
49
51
52
57
62
67
67
68
69
70
Daftar Gambar
Gambar 2.1 Contoh Skala Angka ........................................................ 10
Gambar 2.2 Contoh Skala Batang .......................................................... 11
Gambar 2.3 Denah Lantai 1 ................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.4 Potongan Denah Gedung Tampak Samping ....................... 13
Gambar 2.5 Denah Gedung Tampak Depan .......................................... 14
Gambar 2.6 Tampilan Layar 3DS Max 2009 ....................................... 20
Gambar 2.7 Tampilan Awal Unity 3D .................................................. 26
Gambar 2.8 Tampilan Halaman Project ................................................ 26
Gambar 2.9 Tampilan Hierarchy .......................................................... 27
Gambar 2.10 Tampilan Inspector ........................................................... 28
Gambar 2.11 Tampilan Pengaturan Inspector ......................................... 29
Gambar 2.12 Tampilan Build Settings ..................................................... 30
Gambar 2.13 Tampilan Obyek Capsule ................................................... 31
Gambar 3.1 Metode Prototyping ........................................................... 34
Gambar 3.2 Rancangan Flowchart sistem .............................................. 38
Gambar 3.3 Modeling lemari ................................................................ 41
Gambar 3.4 Rancangan Antarmuka Halaman Awal .............................. 45
Gambar 3.5 Rancangan Antarmuka Halaman Utama ............................ 46
Gambar 4.1 Pembuatan Model Gedung ................................................ 48
Gambar 4.2 Texturing Model Gedung .................................................. 49
Gambar 4.3 Tampilan Hasil Render Lantai 1 ........................................ 50
Gambar 4.4 Tampilan posisi kamera ..................................................... 51
Gambar 4.5 Rendering Gedung FTI ...................................................... 52
Gambar 4.6 Pengaturan Tampilan Awal Simulasi ................................. 53
Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Terrain ................................................................ 54
Gambar 4.8 Pengaturan Model 3D Gedung .......................................... 55
Gambar 4.9 Pengaturan Kamera Tampak Perspektif .............................. 55
Gambar 4.10 Pengaturan Kamera Tampak Atas ..................................... 56
Gambar 4.11 Build Settings ................................................................... 56
Gambar 4.12 Tampilan Halaman Pertama ............................................... 57
Gambar 4.13 Tampilan Halaman Simulasi .............................................. 58
Gambar 4.14 Grafik Soal 1 Angket Pengujian Aplikasi .......................... 63
Gambar 4.15 Grafik Soal 2 Angket Pengujian Aplikasi .......................... 64
Gambar 4.16 Grafik Soal 3 Angket Pengujian Aplikasi .......................... 64
viii
Daftar Kode Program
Kode Program 1 Perintah Tombol Play ................................................... 57
Kode Program 2 Perintah Mouse Look .................................................... 59
Kode Program 3 Perintah Tombol Exit .................................................... 61
ix
Daftar Lampiran
Lampiran 1 Denah Lantai 1 ................................................................... 70
Lampiran 2 Denah Lantai 2 ................................................................... 71
Lampiran 3 Denah Lantai 3 ................................................................... 72
Lampiran 4 Denah Lantai 4 ................................................................... 73
Lampiran 5 Denah Auditorium .............................................................. 74
Lampiran 6 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 1 .................................... 75
Lampiran 7 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 2 .................................... 76
Lampiran 8 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 3 .................................... 77
Lampiran 9 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Lantai 4 .................................... 78
Lampiran 10 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Auditorium ............................... 79
Lampiran 11 Rencana Pintu dan Jendela Atap ......................................... 80
Lampiran 12 Denah Potongan A-A ......................................................... 81
Lampiran 13 Denah Potongan B-B .......................................................... 82
Lampiran 14 Denah Potongan C-C .......................................................... 83
Lampiran 15 Denah Potongan D-D .......................................................... 84
Lampiran 16 Denah Atap ........................................................................ 85
Lampiran 17 Kuisioner Pengujian Simulasi ............................................. 86
x
Abstract
A Government agency, disposed to use 2D images to provide information
about the buildings. As a result, someone who read will be possessed a different
images of the buildings. Therefore, the developer of Information Technology seek to
use 3D visualization techniques to describe the buildings.
The final project is done making a 3D model buildings FTI Satya Wacana
Christian University Salatiga. In general, this project involves the modeling stage,
the merger model at 3D game engine, making the interface interactivity with the
technique of First Person View. The end result is a 3D animated visualization of the
buildings is beneficial to introduce an interactive visual condition of the buildings.
Keywords : Visualization, 3D model, First Person View, Interactive
xi