AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED An Analysis Of Directive Speech Act Employed By The Character In The Movie World War Z.

AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED

WORLD WAR Z

PUBLICATION ARTICLE

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in Department of English Education

By

KUSNO TRI WIDADI A320080266

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

APPROVAL

AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED

WORLD WAR Z

PUBLICATION ARTICLE By:

Kusno Tri Widadi A320080266

Approved to be Examined by Consultans:

Consultant I Consultant II

Dra. Malikatul Laila. M.Hum Dr. Dwi Haryanti M.Hum NIK: 477 NIK : 409

ii

ACCEPTANCE

DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN WORLD WAR Z _MOVIE

By :

Kusno Tri Widadi A320080266

Accepted by:

The Board of Examiner of School Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

On , 2016

The board examiner:

1. Dra. Malikatul Laila. M.Hum ( )

(Chair Person)

2. Dr. Dwi Haryanti M.Hum ( )

(Member I)

3.Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi M.Hum ( )

(Member II)

Dean

Prof. Dr Harun Joko Prayitno M.Hum NIP : 19650428 1993 1 001

iii

TESTYMONY

I am the writer, singned on the statement below: Name : Kusno Tri Widadi

NIM : A320080266

Study Program : Departement of English Education

Title : DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN WORLD WAR Z MOVIE

This is to guarantee, that I myself as the writer of this publication article. I know there are no works published by other people who are used by the writer accept for references to get more information in this research which mentioned in the bibliography. I am sure that in the research there is no plagiarism or made by other. If then this testimony of research is proves incorrect, I am ready to accept any academic punishment.

Surakarta, 09 August 2016 The Writer

Kusno Tri Widadi A320080266

1

AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED

WORLD WAR Z

Kusno Tri Widadi, Dra. Malikatul Laila M.Hum, Dr. Dwi Haryanti M.Hum, Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi M.Hum

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Kusnowidadi1@gmail.com

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi (1) untuk menjelaskan jenis bahasa ujaran , (2) untuk menjelaskan alasan latar belakang partisipan dalam mempengaruhi bahasa ujaran yang digunakan dalam film Worl War z..

Jenis penelitian diskriptif kualitatif. Objek penelitian dari keduanya ada data dari film World War Z. Metode mengumpulkan data adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Dengan teori Speect Act dari Kriedler (1998)

Hasil penelitian dari adalah (1) 50 data dari jenis kalimat ujara.: permintaan (7 data atau 14 %), perintah (14 data atau 28%), pendapat (9 data atau 18%), larangan (11 data 22%) dan pemberitahuan bahaya (9 data or 18%). (2) untuk menjelaskan alasan latar belakang partisipan dalam mempengaruhi bahasa ujaran (9 data atau 24, 33%) pembicira memiliki derajat yang lebih tinggi pembicara memiliki derajat yang lebih rendah (5 data atau 13, 51%) , Pembicara memiliki status yang lebih tinggi (14 data or 37, 83%) and latar belakang pendidikan ( 9 data or 24, 33%). Yang paling banyak adalah jenis kalimat perintah

ABSTRACT

This research aims are (1) to explain the type of directives utterance, and (2) to explain the reasons of participant background influence expressing directive utterance used on World War Z movie.

The type of this study is the descriptive qualitative research. The object of the study is both data are utterances found in World War Z movie. The methods of collecting data are observation and documentation. The data are analyzed by Kriedler’s theory of speect act (1998).

The result of this research shows that: (1) 50 data of types of directives utterance are: request (7 data or 14 %), command (14 data or 28%), suggestion (9 data or 18%), prohibition (11 data 22%) and warn (9 data or 18%). (2) The reasons of participant influence to uses directive utterance are : (9 data or 24, 33%) of the speaker has degree of control, the speaker has lower degree of control (5 data or 13, 51%) , the speaker has degree of social status (14 data or 37, 83%) and the background knowledge ( 9 data or 24, 33%). The most type of directive used in the movie is command.

Keywords : Descriptive Qualitative, Directive Utterance, participants Background, Pragmatics.

1 1. Introduction

A successful communication only can be achieved if the hearer and the speaker are able to understand thoughts, desire and feeling of each other. Yule, (2010: 127) stated that communication depends on not only recognizing the meaning of words in an utterance, but recognizing what speakers mean by their utterances. Some ways to successfully the understanding meaning in communication is by learning about speech acts. Yule (1996:47) proposes that speech acts is performed action via utterance. He claims that performing an action via utterances is commonly given more specific labels, such as complaint, command, apology, invitation, and promise or request. Directives utterance is type of speech acts. Kreidler (1998: 189) states that directive utterance is the utterance which has the intention the speaker tries to get the listener to perform some acts.

such as request, command, suggestion, prohibition and warning. Directives speech act is to shows the relation of participants’ background influence of communication and intention of wants in context and situation.

They are reasons why the writer is interested to study of directives utterances; first a directive was purpose to refer to function of language. Commonly used in daily social communication. Secondly with directive utterances, people find how the speaker intention to desire his or her wants to someone other. The writer choose World War Z movie as the object of the study They are three reasons why the writer choose in analyzing this movie are ; first, World War Z movie is interesting to watch. Because the movie has special effect to makes the audience curious about the plot of the story. The second that movie contain of differences background of characteristic in social status to influnce the directives. The last is because that movie has many good message for audience and many of dialogues in identify to type of utterances which can be analyzed on the aspect of speech act, especially directives.

2

Based on that focusses the writer suggest two problem statement: to identify types of directive utterance and to explain the reasons of participants background influence directive utterance used in World War Z movie. The writer used theory of Kriedler (1998) that are requesting, commanding, suggestion, prohibiton and warning.

2. Research Method

In the type of this research is the descriptive qualitative research. It is qualitative research because is in the research that gives the descriptive data in the form of written or oral word. A qualitative research is a type of research which does not include any calculation ( Moleong, 1995:2 ). The data focus on word rather than number.

The object of this research is directive utterances, which can be found from World War Z movie subtitle. The methods of collecting data used by the writer are observation and documentation.

3. Research Result an Discussion

In the chapter are consist into two parts, there are types of directives utterances and the reason of participants’ influence types to directives are employed by the character in the movie entitled World War Z. According to Kriedler (1998:189) Directive utterances are those in which the speaker tries to get the addressee to perform some act or refrain from performing an act. the writer finds five types such as requesting, commanding, suggestion, prohibition and warning. The analysis to answers the aim of problem statement as given in is integrated descriptions.

A. Type is directive utterance identify is request 001/Ds/Wwz/Req ( 00:03:34,137 --> 00:03:47,581)

a) Participants

The speaker : Rachel Lane. She is eldest daughter of Gerry and Karin. The hearer : Gerry Lane. He is father of Rachel.

3

The relation speaker and hearer is the eldest daughter and her parents. b) Situation

The situation in the early morning, Rachel enters the bedroom of her parents (Gerry and Karin). Her parents were still sleeping in the bedroom.

c) Topic

The topic is Rachel asked to wake up her parents (Gerry and Karin). c) Data

Rachel : Wake up!

Karin : Oh, creatures in our bed. Rachel : No sleeping!

Karin : Oh, you're getting very big What do you want to eat? Rachel : Pancakes!

d) Analysis

The type of directive utterance as underlined above is request. The underlined utterance is “Wake up!” said by Rachel. She asked her mother to quickly wake up to cooks for breakfast. Then her parents (Gerry and Karin) wake up from the bedroom.

The reasons of participant’s background influence to directive utterance is request because the participant as the speaker (Rachel) has a lower status than Karin. Karin is her mother.

4. Conclusion

Based on the research result and discussion, the writer presents conclusions as follows:

1. From the analysis of 50 data number of directive utterances, there data are requesting ( 7 data or 14 %), commanding (14 data or 28%), suggestion (9 data or 18%), prohibition (11 data or 22%) and warning finds (9 data or 18%).

4

2. The reasons the participant background influence to directives utterance.

The writer finds 3 data of the reasons the participant influence the directives utterance. The result are 24 data from 40 data or 60% of the speaker has degree of control and social status than hearer (the parents and husband, soldier and policeman), the speaker has lower degree of control than hearer (the daughters and the wife) finds 7 data from 40 data or 17, 5% , and The speaker has higher status on background knowledge ( the doctor) finds 9 data from 40 data or 22,5%. The most influence of the data is the speaker has higher of social status than hearer.

5

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anwar, Syaiful. 2012. A Pragmatic Analysis on Directive Utterances Used in Donald Duck, Comics Manuscript. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Unpublished Research Paper.

Austin, John Langshaw. 1962. How to do Things with Word. London: Oxford University Press.

Bhientamie, Athien. 2015 Anlysis Speech Act of Directive Utterances in Sherlock

Holmes”Scarlet” Novel. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

Unpublisherd Research Paper.

Dewi (2012) analyzes Speech Act of Command by the Main Character in the Elizabeth: The Golden Age movie. . Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Unpublished Research Paper.

Dewi,Anisa. 2012. A Pragmatics Analysis of Speech Act of Command by The Main Character in TheElizabeth : Golden Age Movie. Yogyakarta State University Unpublished Research Paper.

Gunantyo (2013) A Pragmatics Analisis of Directive Utterances in Oh, Brother, Movie. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Unpublisherd Research Paper

Kreidler, Charles W., 1998. Introducing English Semantics. London: Rout ledge. Levinson, Stephen C., 2000. Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University

Press.

Nurwahyuningtyas, (2014) analysis A Pragmatic Analysis of Directive Utterances in the Translation of Holy Al-Quran Particular on the Verse Five Pillars of Islam

Searle, John. 1974.Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Searle, John. 1976. A Classification of Illocutionary Acts.Language in Society,Vol. 5, pp.1-23.

Yule, George. Discourse Analysis ( with Gillian Brown 1983) and Pragmatic (1996)

Yule, George. 2006. The Study of Language (third edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT EMPLOYED BY THE CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED

WORLD WAR Z

Kusno Tri Widadi, Dra. Malikatul Laila M.Hum, Dr. Dwi Haryanti M.Hum, Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi M.Hum

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Kusnowidadi1@gmail.com

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi (1) untuk menjelaskan jenis bahasa ujaran , (2) untuk menjelaskan alasan latar belakang partisipan dalam mempengaruhi bahasa ujaran yang digunakan dalam film Worl War z..

Jenis penelitian diskriptif kualitatif. Objek penelitian dari keduanya ada data dari film World War Z. Metode mengumpulkan data adalah observasi dan dokumentasi. Dengan teori Speect Act dari Kriedler (1998)

Hasil penelitian dari adalah (1) 50 data dari jenis kalimat ujara.: permintaan (7 data atau 14 %), perintah (14 data atau 28%), pendapat (9 data atau 18%), larangan (11 data 22%) dan pemberitahuan bahaya (9 data or 18%). (2) untuk menjelaskan alasan latar belakang partisipan dalam mempengaruhi bahasa ujaran (9 data atau 24, 33%) pembicira memiliki derajat yang lebih tinggi pembicara memiliki derajat yang lebih rendah (5 data atau 13, 51%) , Pembicara memiliki status yang lebih tinggi (14 data or 37, 83%) and latar belakang pendidikan ( 9 data or 24, 33%). Yang paling banyak adalah jenis kalimat perintah

ABSTRACT

This research aims are (1) to explain the type of directives utterance, and (2) to explain the reasons of participant background influence expressing directive utterance used on World War Z movie.

The type of this study is the descriptive qualitative research. The object of the study is both data are utterances found in World War Z movie. The methods of collecting data are observation and documentation. The data are analyzed by Kriedler’s theory of speect act (1998).

The result of this research shows that: (1) 50 data of types of directives utterance are: request (7 data or 14 %), command (14 data or 28%), suggestion (9 data or 18%), prohibition (11 data 22%) and warn (9 data or 18%). (2) The reasons of participant influence to uses directive utterance are : (9 data or 24, 33%) of the speaker has degree of control, the speaker has lower degree of control (5 data or 13, 51%) , the speaker has degree of social status (14 data or 37, 83%) and the background knowledge ( 9 data or 24, 33%). The most type of directive used in the movie is command.

Keywords : Descriptive Qualitative, Directive Utterance, participants Background, Pragmatics.

1. Introduction

A successful communication only can be achieved if the hearer and the speaker are able to understand thoughts, desire and feeling of each other. Yule, (2010: 127) stated that communication depends on not only recognizing the meaning of words in an utterance, but recognizing what speakers mean by their utterances. Some ways to successfully the understanding meaning in communication is by learning about speech acts. Yule (1996:47) proposes that speech acts is performed action via utterance. He claims that performing an action via utterances is commonly given more specific labels, such as complaint, command, apology, invitation, and promise or request. Directives utterance is type of speech acts. Kreidler (1998: 189) states that directive utterance is the utterance which has the intention the speaker tries to get the listener to perform some acts.

such as request, command, suggestion, prohibition and warning. Directives speech act is to shows the relation of participants’ background influence of communication and intention of wants in context and situation.

They are reasons why the writer is interested to study of directives utterances; first a directive was purpose to refer to function of language. Commonly used in daily social communication. Secondly with directive utterances, people find how the speaker intention to desire his or her wants to someone other. The writer choose World War Z movie as the object of the study They are three reasons why the writer choose in analyzing this movie are ; first, World War Z movie is interesting to watch. Because the movie has special effect to makes the audience curious about the plot of the story. The second that movie contain of differences background of characteristic in social status to influnce the directives. The last is because that movie has many good message for audience and many of dialogues in identify to type of utterances which can be analyzed on the aspect of speech act, especially directives.

Based on that focusses the writer suggest two problem statement: to identify types of directive utterance and to explain the reasons of participants background influence directive utterance used in World War Z movie. The writer used theory of Kriedler (1998) that are requesting, commanding, suggestion, prohibiton and warning.

2. Research Method

In the type of this research is the descriptive qualitative research. It is qualitative research because is in the research that gives the descriptive data in the form of written or oral word. A qualitative research is a type of research which does not include any calculation ( Moleong, 1995:2 ). The data focus on word rather than number.

The object of this research is directive utterances, which can be found from World War Z movie subtitle. The methods of collecting data used by the writer are observation and documentation.

3. Research Result an Discussion

In the chapter are consist into two parts, there are types of directives utterances and the reason of participants’ influence types to directives are employed by the character in the movie entitled World War Z. According to Kriedler (1998:189) Directive utterances are those in which the speaker tries to get the addressee to perform some act or refrain from performing an act. the writer finds five types such as requesting, commanding, suggestion, prohibition and warning. The analysis to answers the aim of problem statement as given in is integrated descriptions.

A. Type is directive utterance identify is request 001/Ds/Wwz/Req ( 00:03:34,137 --> 00:03:47,581)

a) Participants

The speaker : Rachel Lane. She is eldest daughter of Gerry and Karin. The hearer : Gerry Lane. He is father of Rachel.

The relation speaker and hearer is the eldest daughter and her parents. b) Situation

The situation in the early morning, Rachel enters the bedroom of her parents (Gerry and Karin). Her parents were still sleeping in the bedroom.

c) Topic

The topic is Rachel asked to wake up her parents (Gerry and Karin). c) Data

Rachel : Wake up!

Karin : Oh, creatures in our bed. Rachel : No sleeping!

Karin : Oh, you're getting very big What do you want to eat? Rachel : Pancakes!

d) Analysis

The type of directive utterance as underlined above is request. The underlined utterance is “Wake up!” said by Rachel. She asked her mother to quickly wake up to cooks for breakfast. Then her parents (Gerry and Karin) wake up from the bedroom.

The reasons of participant’s background influence to directive utterance is request because the participant as the speaker (Rachel) has a lower status than Karin. Karin is her mother.

4. Conclusion

Based on the research result and discussion, the writer presents conclusions as follows:

1. From the analysis of 50 data number of directive utterances, there data are requesting ( 7 data or 14 %), commanding (14 data or 28%), suggestion (9 data or 18%), prohibition (11 data or 22%) and warning finds (9 data or 18%).

2. The reasons the participant background influence to directives utterance.

The writer finds 3 data of the reasons the participant influence the directives utterance. The result are 24 data from 40 data or 60% of the speaker has degree of control and social status than hearer (the parents and husband, soldier and policeman), the speaker has lower degree of control than hearer (the daughters and the wife) finds 7 data from 40 data or 17, 5% , and The speaker has higher status on background knowledge ( the doctor) finds 9 data from 40 data or 22,5%. The most influence of the data is the speaker has higher of social status than hearer.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anwar, Syaiful. 2012. A Pragmatic Analysis on Directive Utterances Used in Donald Duck, Comics Manuscript. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Unpublished Research Paper.

Austin, John Langshaw. 1962. How to do Things with Word. London: Oxford University Press.

Bhientamie, Athien. 2015 Anlysis Speech Act of Directive Utterances in Sherlock

Holmes”Scarlet” Novel. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

Unpublisherd Research Paper.

Dewi (2012) analyzes Speech Act of Command by the Main Character in the Elizabeth: The Golden Age movie. . Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Unpublished Research Paper.

Dewi,Anisa. 2012. A Pragmatics Analysis of Speech Act of Command by The Main Character in TheElizabeth : Golden Age Movie. Yogyakarta State University Unpublished Research Paper.

Gunantyo (2013) A Pragmatics Analisis of Directive Utterances in Oh, Brother, Movie. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Unpublisherd Research Paper

Kreidler, Charles W., 1998. Introducing English Semantics. London: Rout ledge. Levinson, Stephen C., 2000. Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University

Press.

Nurwahyuningtyas, (2014) analysis A Pragmatic Analysis of Directive Utterances in the Translation of Holy Al-Quran Particular on the Verse Five Pillars of Islam

Searle, John. 1974.Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Searle, John. 1976. A Classification of Illocutionary Acts.Language in Society,Vol. 5, pp.1-23.

Yule, George. Discourse Analysis ( with Gillian Brown 1983) and Pragmatic (1996)

Yule, George. 2006. The Study of Language (third edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.