S PLB 1106669 Tabel of content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK.............................................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................
iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH.................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI..........................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL..................................................................................................
ix
DAFTAR GRAFIK...............................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................
xii
BAB 1
PENDAHULUAN 1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah..................................................................
1
B. Identifikasi Masalah.........................................................................
4
C. Batasan Masalah..............................................................................
4
D. Rumusan Masalah............................................................................
5
E.
Tujuan Penelitian.............................................................................
5
F.
Manfaat Penelitian...........................................................................
5
G. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi..............................................................
6
BAB II PENGARUH
METODE MATERNAL REFLEKTIF DALAM
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN
PADA ANAK TUNARUNGU
1. Konsep Teori.....................................................................................
7
a. Pengertian Tunarungu..................................................................
7
b. Klasifikasi Tunarungu..................................................................
8
c. Dampak ketunarunguan Terhadap Perkembangan Anak
Tunarungu………………………………………………............
2. Konsep Dasar Membaca Pemahaman............................................
9
12
a. Pengertian Membaca.................................................................
12
b. Tujuan Membaca.......................................................................
13
c. Jenis-Jenis Membaca...............................................................
13
d. Pengertian Membaca Pemahaman............................................
14
3. Permasalahan Membaca Pemahaman pada Anak Tunarungu..........
15
vi
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.
BAB III
Metode Maternal Reflektif..........................................................
16
a. Pengertian Metode Maternal Reflektif....................................
16
b. Prasyarat dan Tahapan Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar dengan
Metode Maternal Reflektif......................................................
c. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Membaca Pemahaman Dengan
Metode Reflektif.....................................................................
5. Penelitian Terdahulu yang Relevan.............................................
19
6. Kerangka Pemikiran.....................................................................
24
7. Hipotesis Penelitian......................................................................
25
23
METODE PENELITIAN
A. Variabel Penelitian.......................................................................
BAB IV
21
26
1. Variabel Bebas........................................................................
26
2. Variabel Terikat......................................................................
27
B. Metode Penelitian........................................................................
27
C. Subjek dan Lokasi Penelitian.......................................................
28
1. Subjek Penelitian....................................................................
28
2. Lokasi Penelitian....................................................................
29
D. Instrumen dan Teknik Pengumpulan Data...................................
29
1. Instrumen Pengumpulan Data................................................
29
2. Teknik Pengumpulan Data.....................................................
32
3. Teknik Pengolahan Data........................................................
32
HASIL PENELITIAN DAN BAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian Pada Aspek Menjawab Pertanyaan Dengan
Kata Tanya...................................................................................
1. Hasil Penelitian......................................................................
34
2. Analisa Data...........................................................................
38
a. Analisis Dalam Kondisi.....................................................
38
b. Analisis Antar Kondisi......................................................
47
B. Hasil Penelitian Pada Aspek Menjawab Pertanyaan Dengan
Kata Tanya...................................................................................
1. Hasil Penelitian.......................................................................
54
vii
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
34
54
BAB V
2. Analisa Data...........................................................................
58
a. Analisis Dalam Kondisi.....................................................
58
b. Analisis Antar Kondisi.......................................................
67
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan..................................................................................
83
B. Saran............................................................................................
83
1. Bagi Pendidik.........................................................................
84
2. Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya.......................................................
84
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................
85
LAMPIRAN
viii
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
4.1
Data Baseline 1 (A-1).........................................................................
34
4.2
Data Intervensi (B)......................................................................
35
4.3
Data Baseline 2 (A-2)..................................................................
36
4.4
Hasil Pengukuran Menjawab Pertanyaan dengan Kata Ganti Tanya..
37
4.5
Data Panjang Kondisi...................................................................
39
4.6
Data Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah...............................................
40
4.7
Kondisi Kecenderungan Stabilitas Menjawab Pertanyaan Kata Ganti
44
Tanya..........................................................................................
4.8
Kondisi Jejak Data.......................................................................
44
4.9
Kondisi Level Stabilitas dan Rentang (Level stability and range)......
45
4.10
Kondisi Perubahan Level (Level Change).......................................
45
4.11
Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi Menjawab Pertanyaan dengan
46
Kata Ganti Tanya.........................................................................
4.12
Jumlah Variabel yang Diubah........................................................
47
4.13
Kecenderungan Arah dan Efeknya.................................................
48
4.14
Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas..............................................
48
4.15
Kondisi Perubahan Level..............................................................
49
4.16
Data Persentase Overlap...............................................................
51
4.17
Hasil Analisis Antar Kondisi..............................................................
52
4.18
Data Baseline 1 (A-1)..................................................................
54
4.19
Data intervensi (B)......................................................................
55
4.20
Data baseline 2 (A-2)...................................................................
56
4.21
Hasil Pengukuran Kemampuan Menceritakan Kembali Isi Bacaan....
57
4.22
Panjang Kondisi...........................................................................
58
4.23
Data Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah...............................................
59
4.24
Kondisi
63
Kecenderungan
Stabilitas
Kemampuan
Menceritakan
ix
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
Kembali Isi Bacaan......................................................................
4.25
Kondisi Jejak Data (Date Path).....................................................
64
4.26
Kondisi Level Stabilitas dan Rentang (Level Stability atau Range)...
64
4.27
Kondisi Perubahan Level (Level Range).........................................
65
4.28
Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi Kemampuan Menceritakan
65
Kembali Isi Bacaan.......................................................................
4.29
Jumlah Variabel yang Diubah........................................................
67
4.30
Kecenderungan Arah dan Efeknya.................................................
68
4.31
Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas..................................................
68
4.32
Perubahan Level...........................................................................
69
4.33
Data Persentase Overlap................................................................
71
4.34
Hasil Analisis Antar Kondisi Kemampuan Menceritakan Kembali
71
Isi Bacaan.........................................................................................
4.35
Rangkuman Data Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B) dan
73
Baseline 2 (A-2)..........................................................................
4.36
Rangkuman Analisis Visual Dalam Kondisi Kemampuan Membaca
75
Pemahaman..................................................................................
4.37
Rangkuman Analisis Visual Antar Kondisi Kemampuan Membaca
77
Pemahaman..................................................................................
x
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik
Halaman
4.1
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1).........................................................................
35
4.2
Hasil Intervensi (B) .....................................................................
36
4.3
Hasil Baseline 2 (A-2) .................................................................
37
4.4
Hasil pengukuran Baseline 1 (A1), Intervensi (B), dan Baseline 2
(A-2) .........................................................................................
38
4.5
Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah.......................................................
39
4.6
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 1 (A-1) ....................................
41
4.7
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Intervensi (B) ........................................
42
4.8
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 2 (A-2) ....................................
43
4.9
Data overlap Baseline 1 (A-1) dan Intervensi (B) ...........................
50
4.10
Data overlap intervensi (B) dan Baseline 2 (A-2) ............................
51
4.11
Mean Level Menjawab Pertanyaan.................................................
53
4.12
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1) .................................................................
54
4.13
Hasil Intervensi (B) .....................................................................
55
4.14
Hasil Baseline 2 (A-2) .................................................................
56
4.15
Hasil Pengukuran Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B), dan Baseline 2
(A-2) .........................................................................................
57
4.16
Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah.......................................................
59
4.17
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 1 (A-1) ....................................
61
4.18
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Intervensi (B) ........................................
62
4.19
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 2 (A-2) ....................................
63
4.20
Data Overlap Baseline 1 (A-1) dan Intervensi (B) ...........................
70
4.21
Data Overlap Intervensi (B) dan Baseline 2 (A-2) ...........................
71
4.22
Mean Level Pada Fase Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B), dan
xi
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
Baseline 2 (A-2) .........................................................................
73
4.23
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B) dan Baseline 2 (A-2).............
74
4.24
Kecenderungan Arah....................................................................
74
4.25
Mean Level Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman.............................
79
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
I.
Kisi-Kisi Instrumen
RPP
Instrumen Penelitian
II.
Expert Judgement
III.
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1)
Hasil Intervensi (B)
Hasil Baseline 2 (A-2)
IV.
Surat Izin
Dokumentasi
xii
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
ABSTRAK.............................................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................
iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH.................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI..........................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL..................................................................................................
ix
DAFTAR GRAFIK...............................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................
xii
BAB 1
PENDAHULUAN 1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah..................................................................
1
B. Identifikasi Masalah.........................................................................
4
C. Batasan Masalah..............................................................................
4
D. Rumusan Masalah............................................................................
5
E.
Tujuan Penelitian.............................................................................
5
F.
Manfaat Penelitian...........................................................................
5
G. Struktur Organisasi Skripsi..............................................................
6
BAB II PENGARUH
METODE MATERNAL REFLEKTIF DALAM
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN
PADA ANAK TUNARUNGU
1. Konsep Teori.....................................................................................
7
a. Pengertian Tunarungu..................................................................
7
b. Klasifikasi Tunarungu..................................................................
8
c. Dampak ketunarunguan Terhadap Perkembangan Anak
Tunarungu………………………………………………............
2. Konsep Dasar Membaca Pemahaman............................................
9
12
a. Pengertian Membaca.................................................................
12
b. Tujuan Membaca.......................................................................
13
c. Jenis-Jenis Membaca...............................................................
13
d. Pengertian Membaca Pemahaman............................................
14
3. Permasalahan Membaca Pemahaman pada Anak Tunarungu..........
15
vi
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.
BAB III
Metode Maternal Reflektif..........................................................
16
a. Pengertian Metode Maternal Reflektif....................................
16
b. Prasyarat dan Tahapan Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar dengan
Metode Maternal Reflektif......................................................
c. Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Membaca Pemahaman Dengan
Metode Reflektif.....................................................................
5. Penelitian Terdahulu yang Relevan.............................................
19
6. Kerangka Pemikiran.....................................................................
24
7. Hipotesis Penelitian......................................................................
25
23
METODE PENELITIAN
A. Variabel Penelitian.......................................................................
BAB IV
21
26
1. Variabel Bebas........................................................................
26
2. Variabel Terikat......................................................................
27
B. Metode Penelitian........................................................................
27
C. Subjek dan Lokasi Penelitian.......................................................
28
1. Subjek Penelitian....................................................................
28
2. Lokasi Penelitian....................................................................
29
D. Instrumen dan Teknik Pengumpulan Data...................................
29
1. Instrumen Pengumpulan Data................................................
29
2. Teknik Pengumpulan Data.....................................................
32
3. Teknik Pengolahan Data........................................................
32
HASIL PENELITIAN DAN BAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian Pada Aspek Menjawab Pertanyaan Dengan
Kata Tanya...................................................................................
1. Hasil Penelitian......................................................................
34
2. Analisa Data...........................................................................
38
a. Analisis Dalam Kondisi.....................................................
38
b. Analisis Antar Kondisi......................................................
47
B. Hasil Penelitian Pada Aspek Menjawab Pertanyaan Dengan
Kata Tanya...................................................................................
1. Hasil Penelitian.......................................................................
54
vii
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
34
54
BAB V
2. Analisa Data...........................................................................
58
a. Analisis Dalam Kondisi.....................................................
58
b. Analisis Antar Kondisi.......................................................
67
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan..................................................................................
83
B. Saran............................................................................................
83
1. Bagi Pendidik.........................................................................
84
2. Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya.......................................................
84
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................
85
LAMPIRAN
viii
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
4.1
Data Baseline 1 (A-1).........................................................................
34
4.2
Data Intervensi (B)......................................................................
35
4.3
Data Baseline 2 (A-2)..................................................................
36
4.4
Hasil Pengukuran Menjawab Pertanyaan dengan Kata Ganti Tanya..
37
4.5
Data Panjang Kondisi...................................................................
39
4.6
Data Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah...............................................
40
4.7
Kondisi Kecenderungan Stabilitas Menjawab Pertanyaan Kata Ganti
44
Tanya..........................................................................................
4.8
Kondisi Jejak Data.......................................................................
44
4.9
Kondisi Level Stabilitas dan Rentang (Level stability and range)......
45
4.10
Kondisi Perubahan Level (Level Change).......................................
45
4.11
Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi Menjawab Pertanyaan dengan
46
Kata Ganti Tanya.........................................................................
4.12
Jumlah Variabel yang Diubah........................................................
47
4.13
Kecenderungan Arah dan Efeknya.................................................
48
4.14
Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas..............................................
48
4.15
Kondisi Perubahan Level..............................................................
49
4.16
Data Persentase Overlap...............................................................
51
4.17
Hasil Analisis Antar Kondisi..............................................................
52
4.18
Data Baseline 1 (A-1)..................................................................
54
4.19
Data intervensi (B)......................................................................
55
4.20
Data baseline 2 (A-2)...................................................................
56
4.21
Hasil Pengukuran Kemampuan Menceritakan Kembali Isi Bacaan....
57
4.22
Panjang Kondisi...........................................................................
58
4.23
Data Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah...............................................
59
4.24
Kondisi
63
Kecenderungan
Stabilitas
Kemampuan
Menceritakan
ix
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
Kembali Isi Bacaan......................................................................
4.25
Kondisi Jejak Data (Date Path).....................................................
64
4.26
Kondisi Level Stabilitas dan Rentang (Level Stability atau Range)...
64
4.27
Kondisi Perubahan Level (Level Range).........................................
65
4.28
Hasil Analisis Visual dalam Kondisi Kemampuan Menceritakan
65
Kembali Isi Bacaan.......................................................................
4.29
Jumlah Variabel yang Diubah........................................................
67
4.30
Kecenderungan Arah dan Efeknya.................................................
68
4.31
Perubahan Kecenderungan Stabilitas..................................................
68
4.32
Perubahan Level...........................................................................
69
4.33
Data Persentase Overlap................................................................
71
4.34
Hasil Analisis Antar Kondisi Kemampuan Menceritakan Kembali
71
Isi Bacaan.........................................................................................
4.35
Rangkuman Data Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B) dan
73
Baseline 2 (A-2)..........................................................................
4.36
Rangkuman Analisis Visual Dalam Kondisi Kemampuan Membaca
75
Pemahaman..................................................................................
4.37
Rangkuman Analisis Visual Antar Kondisi Kemampuan Membaca
77
Pemahaman..................................................................................
x
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik
Halaman
4.1
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1).........................................................................
35
4.2
Hasil Intervensi (B) .....................................................................
36
4.3
Hasil Baseline 2 (A-2) .................................................................
37
4.4
Hasil pengukuran Baseline 1 (A1), Intervensi (B), dan Baseline 2
(A-2) .........................................................................................
38
4.5
Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah.......................................................
39
4.6
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 1 (A-1) ....................................
41
4.7
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Intervensi (B) ........................................
42
4.8
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 2 (A-2) ....................................
43
4.9
Data overlap Baseline 1 (A-1) dan Intervensi (B) ...........................
50
4.10
Data overlap intervensi (B) dan Baseline 2 (A-2) ............................
51
4.11
Mean Level Menjawab Pertanyaan.................................................
53
4.12
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1) .................................................................
54
4.13
Hasil Intervensi (B) .....................................................................
55
4.14
Hasil Baseline 2 (A-2) .................................................................
56
4.15
Hasil Pengukuran Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B), dan Baseline 2
(A-2) .........................................................................................
57
4.16
Estimasi Kecenderungan Arah.......................................................
59
4.17
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 1 (A-1) ....................................
61
4.18
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Intervensi (B) ........................................
62
4.19
Kecenderungan Stabilitas Baseline 2 (A-2) ....................................
63
4.20
Data Overlap Baseline 1 (A-1) dan Intervensi (B) ...........................
70
4.21
Data Overlap Intervensi (B) dan Baseline 2 (A-2) ...........................
71
4.22
Mean Level Pada Fase Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B), dan
xi
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu
Baseline 2 (A-2) .........................................................................
73
4.23
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1), Intervensi (B) dan Baseline 2 (A-2).............
74
4.24
Kecenderungan Arah....................................................................
74
4.25
Mean Level Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman.............................
79
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
I.
Kisi-Kisi Instrumen
RPP
Instrumen Penelitian
II.
Expert Judgement
III.
Hasil Baseline 1 (A-1)
Hasil Intervensi (B)
Hasil Baseline 2 (A-2)
IV.
Surat Izin
Dokumentasi
xii
Sri Mulyati, 2015
PENERAPAN METOD E MATERNAL REFLEKTIF D ALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA
PEMAHAMAN PAD A ANAK TUNARUNGU KELAS II SLB AL-FITHRI KABUPATEN BAND UNG
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu|perpustakaan.upi.edu