FAMILY UNITY THE SUPYIRE PEOPLE AND CULTURE: AN OUTLINE SKETCH

Then each in his turn, from the youngest to the oldest, will speak. Finally, the eldest, the chief makes the decision. The wise chief, having taken into account everyone’s point of view, will make his decision and attempt to please everyone, thus guarding the peace in the family, at least on the surface. The flip side of this stress on unity is that individualism is not readily tolerated. Families that install themselves outside the main village are regarded with suspicion. I have heard of one village where anyone who might become a Christian has been threatened with death. Malana Sagoro recounted the story of one man, whose only son married a Fulani girl, adopted a Fulani name and Fulani customs, and herded cattle as a Fulani nomad. The father insisted that his son return to Supyire ways. The son refused. When the son died prematurely, the father said that he had asked the ancestors to punish his son. The village is also seen as a large family, with a similar decision-making process. In Kabakanha, for example, there are three main families all with the same surname, two of which are descended from the two brothers who founded the village. The third is descended from a slave family, and its members do not have the right to become village chief. The chiefdom is handed to the oldest man within the two “free” families. At a national and international level, the Supyire identify themselves closely with others in the Senufo language family, but generally keep a distance from other ethnic races. In the town of Sikasso, where the Supyire are the largest ethnic group, they have their own political party, though they cannot command an overall majority in the local legislative body. If a dispute arises, the preference is to resolve it internally within the family or at the village level, rather than bringing them to the attention of the civil authorities.

2.11 CONCLUSION

“The stranger’s eyes are wide open, but he doesn’t see anything.” This Supyire proverb underlines how little a casual visitor to this society understands. At first glance, the positive aspects of life here are clearly evident: the united family, assiduously working together on the land, living in a close-knit village. But a closer look under the surface reveals lurking fears which seems to dominate: fear of the bush, fear of the spirits, fear of the ancestors, fear of the dark, fear of suffering a bad death, fear of the unknown, and even fear of one’s closest family and neighbours. Coulibaly 36 comments: “The Senufo appear to us profoundly religious and superstitious, paralysed by fear of invisible forces with occult powers, which they have to deal with day in day out, in all their undertakings. It is that which explains the multitude of sacrifices, offerings, and consultations with the diviners ... ” In this chapter we have painted broad brush a picture of Supyire society, with the hope that it will help the reader to understand the role of sacrifices, to which we turn in detail in the next chapter. 36 Translated from Coulibaly, Sinali, Le Paysan Senoufo; Abidjan and Dakar: Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines, 1978, p.97.