CHAPTER CONTENT
PAGE
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
9 3.1 Selection of Penetrant System
12 3.2 Identifying
Flaw Entrapment
Efficiency Parameter 13
3.3 Design Test Sample and Experiment 14
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND ANALYSIS
35
4.1 Mild Steel Revealing Time 35
4.2 Aluminium Revealing Time 38
4.3 Ultrasonic Testing 40
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
42 5.1 Artificial Defect 1
43 5.2 Artificial Defect 2
48 5.3 Artificial Defect 3
53 5.4 Artificial Defect 4
58 5.5 Artificial Defect 5
63 5.6 Artificial Defect 6
68
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION
73 6.1
Conclusion 73
6.2 Recommendation
74
REFERENCES
76
BIBLIOGRAPHY
78
APPENDICES A
79
APPENDICES B
80
APPENDICES C
81
LIST OF TABLES
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PAGE
4.1 Indication Rate for Mild Steel 36
4.2 Indication Rate for Aluminium 38
5.1 Mild Steel and Aluminium Artificial Defect 1 43
5.2 Mild Steel and Aluminium Artificial Defect 2 48
5.3 Mild Steel and Aluminium Artificial Defect 3 53
5.4 Mild Steel and Aluminium Artificial Defect 4 58
5.5 Mild Steel and Aluminium Artificial Defect 5 63
5.6 Mild Steel and Aluminium Artificial Defect 6 68
viii
LIST OF FIGURE
NO TITLE
PAGE
3.1 Flow Chart for Flaw Entrapment Efficiency Research 11
3.2 Isometric View 15
3.3 Test Specimen Length, Width and Thickness 16
3.4 Artificial Defect 16
3.5 Width between Artificial Defects 17
3.6 Wire-cut EDM Machine 18
3.7 The Coordinate System 20
3.8 CNC Code for Artificial Defect 1 21
3.9 CNC Code for Artificial Defect 2 21
3.10 CNC Code for Artificial Defect 3 21
3.11 CNC Code for Artificial Defect 4 22
3.12 CNC Code for Artificial Defect 5 23
3.13 CNC Code for Artificial Defect 5 23
3.14 Test Specimen – a Mild Steel b Aluminium 24
3.15 Basic PT experimental procedure 25
3.16 Visible Dye Penetrant Sprays - Solvent Cleaner, Dye Penetrant and Developer
30
3.17 Applying Solvent Cleaner 31
3.18 Applying Dye Penetrant 32
3.19 The Penetrant Covered the Test Specimen 32
3.20 Wiping the Excess Penetrant 33
3.21 Applying the Developer 33
ix
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PAGE
3.22 Examination 34
3.23 Post Cleaning 34
4.1 Graph of Mild Steel Indication Rate versus Time 37
4.2 Graph of Aluminium Indication Rate versus Time 39
4.3 The UT result of the artificial defect 5 40
4.4
The UT result of the artificial defect 6
41
LIST OF SYMBOL
PT =
Penetrant Testing UT
=
Ultrasonic Testing NDT
= Non-Destructive Testing
NDE =
Non-Destructive Evaluation
RD =
Research and Development 3D
=
3-Dimension PSM I
=
Projek Sarjana Muda I mm
=
Millimetre s
=
Seconds
=
Percentage CNC
= Computer-Numerical-Control
°F =
Degree Fahrenheit
ASTM =
American Standard Testing and Material
xi
LIST OF APPENDICES
NO TITLE
PAGE A
Gantt Chart for PSM I 79
B Gantt Chart for PSM II
80 C
Standard Test Method for Visible Penetrant Examination using the Solvent-Removable Process
81
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
