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Appendix 2: causality test: Engle and Granger causality
1. BRIIC BETWEEN BRIIC COUNTRIES BRAZIL: IBOVESPA WITH RUSSIA: RTSI
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:05
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
RTSI does not Granger Cause IBOVESPA 130
0.12641 0.8814
IBOVESPA does not Granger Cause RTSI 2.92378
0.0574
BRAZIL: IBOVESPA WITH INDIA: CNXNIFTY
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:06
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
CNXNIFTY does not Granger Cause IBOVESPA 130
1.00954 0.3673
IBOVESPA does not Granger Cause CNXNIFTY 3.14356
0.0466
BRAZIL: IBOVESPA WITH INDONESIA: JKSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:06
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
JKSE does not Granger Cause IBOVESPA 130
0.27206 0.7623
IBOVESPA does not Granger Cause JKSE 4.05390
0.0197
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BRAZIL: IBOVESPA WITH CHINA: SSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:07
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
SSE does not Granger Cause IBOVESPA 130
0.12179 0.8854
IBOVESPA does not Granger Cause SSE 0.47046
0.6258
RUSSIA: RTSI WITH INDIA: CNXNIFTY
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:08
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
CNXNIFTY does not Granger Cause RTSI 130
2.02354 0.1365
RTSI does not Granger Cause CNXNIFTY 0.52573
0.5924
RUSSIA: RTSI WITH INDONESIA: JKSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:08
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
JKSE does not Granger Cause RTSI 130
0.71423 0.4916
RTSI does not Granger Cause JKSE 2.49526
0.0866
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RUSSIA: RTSI WITH CHINA: SSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:08
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
SSE does not Granger Cause RTSI 130
0.24078 0.7864
RTSI does not Granger Cause SSE 1.16567
0.3151
INDIA: CNXNIFTY WITH INDONESIA: JKSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:09
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
JKSE does not Granger Cause CNXNIFTY 130
0.30899 0.7347
CNXNIFTY does not Granger Cause JKSE 0.90695
0.4064
INDIA: CNXNIFTY WITH CHINA: SSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:10
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
SSE does not Granger Cause CNXNIFTY 130
0.18030 0.8352
CNXNIFTY does not Granger Cause SSE 0.67824
0.5094
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INDONESIA: JKSE WITH CHINA: SSE
Pairwise Granger Causality Tests Date: 052213 Time: 17:10
Sample: 2002M01 2012M12 Lags: 2
Null Hypothesis: Obs
F-Statistic Prob.
SSE does not Granger Cause JKSE 130
0.32155 0.7256
JKSE does not Granger Cause SSE 0.65968
0.5188
2. PIIGS BETWEEN PIIGS COUNTRIES PORTUGAL: PSIG WITH ITALY: FTSEMIB