Translation REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Reviews of related literature that the researcher used are translation, wordplay or pun, humor, translation strategies and comics.

2.1 Translation

T a slatio is the epla e e t of te tual ate ial i first languages by equivalent textual materia i a othe la guage Catford, 1965:20. It consist of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source language message, first in term of meaning and secondly in term of style. Briefly Newmark 1981:62 states that it is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written mesaage anor statement in first language by the same message andor statement in another language. Translation is very complex activity, because that not all people can not be called as translator, especially in comics. The quality of comics t a slatio ill depe d o the ualit of the t a slato s. In comics, it defines a narrative, integrating text and interplay between the ideas. Comics are juxtaposed pictorial and other images in a deliberate sequence, intended to convey information andor produce an aesthetic response in the viewer Mccloud, 1993:1. These forms showed in a variety of different ways. In most, a sequence of comics images clearly exists to the translators. Translator who able to understand ideas and thoughts, including the message showed by the source language and represent the target language to make a good translation work and process are the proper translator. The othe opi io has des i ed t a slatio as a p o edu e hi h leads from a written source language text to an optimally equivalent target language text and requires the syntactic, semantic, stylistic, and text p ag ati o p ehe sio the t a slato of o igi al te t Wills, 6: . From the statement of Wills, translation also means the changing of forms. It is a process of replacing meaning from oral or written way in words, phrases, clauses, sentences, even passages from source language to target language. Whethe se ious o hu o pu eates li guisti p o le s of translatability because different languages have different meaning form distribut io s Dela astita, :6 . However, when changing source language to target language in comics, it is always has problems occurred during the translation process.

2.2 Translation Problems