T BING 0908303 Title
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies
in Teaching Listening
(A case study at one Junior high school in Bandung)
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Education Program in Partial Fulfillment of
the Requirement for the Master Degree in English Education
By JONI AMIR
NIM: 0908303
ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM
SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES
INDONESIA UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
BANDUNG 2013
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
An Investigation of Teachers’ Strategies
in Teaching Listening
(A Case Study at One Junior High School in Bandung)
Oleh
Joni Amir
UPI Bandung 2009
Sebuah thesis yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh
gelar Magister Pendidikan (M.Pd) pada Fakulatas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni
© Joni Amir 2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
September 2013
Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang
Thesis ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagian
Dengan dicetak ulang, difoto kopi atau cara lain tanpa izin dari penulis
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
APPROVAL SHEET
An Investigation of Teachers’ Strategies in Teaching Listening
(A case study at one Junior high school in Bandung)
Approved by:
Supervisor,
Dr. Wachyu Sundayana, M.A
NIP. 195802081986011001
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DECLARATION
I hereby certify that this thesis entitled “An Investigation of Teachers’ Strategies in
Teaching Listening (a case study on a Junior high school in Bandung)” is
completely my own work. I am fully aware that I have quoted some statement and ideas
from other sources, and they are properly acknowledged in the texts. If any claim
related to this thesis persist in the future, I will be fully responsible for clarification.
Bandung, July 31st 2013
Joni Amir
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful that I could finally finish
writing this thesis. Without His help, I could hardly imagine how I could
conduct the research and write this thesis.
This thesis has widened my horizon as a learner and also as a teacher of
English. This thesis, in part, is reflection of mind exploration and I would like to
address my sincere gratitude and deep appreciation. I offer thanks to my
foremost to my academic advisor DR. Hobir Abdullah, M.Ed whose support,
guidance, and encouragement helping me throughout this thesis process. I
appreciate the hours of reading, editing, and meetings on my behalf. Through
his guidance, I have gained a great understanding of the dedication and service
linked with a career in academia.
I wish to begin by thanking to my supervisor, DR. Wachyu Sundayana,
M.A, thank you for the wisdom, understanding, and compassion that you have
imparted to me and my ideas. You have offered guidance, support, and
unwavering patience throughout this process. I have been blessed to have such a
brilliant mentor to help me navigate the thesis process.
My special thank would be for all lecturers in the English Education
Department of the Graduate School for their tireless guidance and
encouragement. Every one of them have motivated me and contributed
significance values in every course they teach.
My special thanks are also due to the teacher of English namely
“Kurniawan, S.Pd”. and the students of SMP Lab. School UPI Bandung, who
have given me an opportunity to do the research and learn together.
Finally, I want to acknowledge a special debt of gratitude to my family for
supporting me through this process. My heartfelt thanks go to my mother,
sisters, brothers, in laws who in different, but equal ways, have contributed to
my study immeasurably, for their sincere love and prayers.
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
I am eternally thankful for the love and support I have received from my
ever-patient, supportive and lovely wife, Gusniwati, my couple shining stars:
Jeni Fitrianti and Aufa Alfaridz, They provided me with care, encouragement,
and with time to work. I simply could not have done this without them. It is with
pleasure that to them all I dedicate this thesis.
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
TABLE OF CONTENT
APPROVAL PAGE ………………………………………………………
ii
………………………………………………………
iii
………………………………………………
iv
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………
vi
………………………………………………
vii
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER I
1.1 Background of the Study
………………………………………
1
1.2 Statement of the Problems
………………………………………
5
1.3 The Objective of the Study
………………………………………
5
1.4 Significant of the Study
………………………………………
5
………………………………
6
………………………………………
6
………………………………………………
7
………………………………………………………
7
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study
1.6 Clarification of the Terms
1.7 Thesis Organization
1.8 Closing Remark
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
………………………………………
8
2.1.1 The Uniqueness of Listening
………………………………….
8
2.1.2 The Importance of the Listening
………………………………
9
2.1.3 Feature s of Spoken Language
………………………………
12
………………………………………
16
2.1 The Nature of Listening
2.1.4 Difficulties in Listening
2.2. Approaches in Teaching Listening
...............................................
18
2.2.1 Bottom-up Strategies
………………………………………. 19
2.2.2 Top-Down Strategies
……….……………………………… 24
2.2.3 Interactive Strategy
………….…………………………… 27
2.3 Teaching Listening Stages
……….……………………………… 30
2.3.1 Pre-Listening Activities
……………….……………………… 30
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
………………………………………
2.3.2 While-Listening
2.3.3 Post-Listening Activities ………………………………………
32
36
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
………………………………………………
40
3.2 Research Site
………………………………………………
40
3.3 Research Setting and Participants ………………………………………
41
…………………………………………………...
42
3.5 Data Collecting Techniques
………………………………………
43
3.5.1 Classroom Observation
………………………………………
43
3.5.2 Interview
………………………………………………
43
3.6 Data Analysis
………………………………………………
45
3.4 Research Schedules
………………………..
45
…………………………………
45
3.6.1 The Data from Classroom Observation
3.6.2 The Data from Interview
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 The Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
………………
46
4.1.1 Pre-listening stage
………………………………………
47
4.1.2 While-listening stage
………………………………………
56
………………………………………………
67
……………………………………………
77
4.1.3 Pot-listening
4.2 Observation checklist
4.3 Interview Data
………………………………………………….
4.3 Closing Remark ………………………………………………………
79
84
Chapter V Conclusions And Recommendations
5.1 Conclusion
………………………………………………
85
5.2 Recommendation
………………………………………………
88
…………………………………………………………………….
90
References
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
APPENDICES
Appendix 1. Instruments
Appendix 1.1 Form Observation Checklist
Appendix 1.2 Form Teacher Interview
Appendix 2. The Transcriptions of Video Observation
Appendix 2.1 First Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.2 Second Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.3 Third Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.4 Fourth Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.5 Fifth Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 3. The Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.1 First Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.2 Second Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.3 Third Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.4 Fourth Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.5 Fifth Observation Checklist
Appendix 4. The Teacher Interviews
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Illustration bottom-up strategies in real situation listening activity 20
Table 2.2 Activities to develop bottom-up processing
………………
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
21
……………………………….
22
……………………….
25
………………………………………
26
………………………
29
………………
31
Table 2.8 Techniques for Note-taking
……………………………….
34
Table 2.9 Activities in While-listening
……………………………….
35
Table 2.3 The Eleven Micro-Skills
Table 2.4 Illustrations for top-down processing
Table 2.5 The Six Macro-Skills
Table 2.6 Typical activities in integrative model
Table 2.7 Tips for the teacher before the listening lesson
Table 3.1 Research Schedule
…………………………………………
Table 4.1 Recapitulation Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
…
42
78
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Proportions of time spent by college students in communication
activities
…………………………………………………… 11
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
in Teaching Listening
(A case study at one Junior high school in Bandung)
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Education Program in Partial Fulfillment of
the Requirement for the Master Degree in English Education
By JONI AMIR
NIM: 0908303
ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM
SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES
INDONESIA UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
BANDUNG 2013
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
An Investigation of Teachers’ Strategies
in Teaching Listening
(A Case Study at One Junior High School in Bandung)
Oleh
Joni Amir
UPI Bandung 2009
Sebuah thesis yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh
gelar Magister Pendidikan (M.Pd) pada Fakulatas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni
© Joni Amir 2013
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
September 2013
Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang
Thesis ini tidak boleh diperbanyak seluruhnya atau sebagian
Dengan dicetak ulang, difoto kopi atau cara lain tanpa izin dari penulis
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
APPROVAL SHEET
An Investigation of Teachers’ Strategies in Teaching Listening
(A case study at one Junior high school in Bandung)
Approved by:
Supervisor,
Dr. Wachyu Sundayana, M.A
NIP. 195802081986011001
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DECLARATION
I hereby certify that this thesis entitled “An Investigation of Teachers’ Strategies in
Teaching Listening (a case study on a Junior high school in Bandung)” is
completely my own work. I am fully aware that I have quoted some statement and ideas
from other sources, and they are properly acknowledged in the texts. If any claim
related to this thesis persist in the future, I will be fully responsible for clarification.
Bandung, July 31st 2013
Joni Amir
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful that I could finally finish
writing this thesis. Without His help, I could hardly imagine how I could
conduct the research and write this thesis.
This thesis has widened my horizon as a learner and also as a teacher of
English. This thesis, in part, is reflection of mind exploration and I would like to
address my sincere gratitude and deep appreciation. I offer thanks to my
foremost to my academic advisor DR. Hobir Abdullah, M.Ed whose support,
guidance, and encouragement helping me throughout this thesis process. I
appreciate the hours of reading, editing, and meetings on my behalf. Through
his guidance, I have gained a great understanding of the dedication and service
linked with a career in academia.
I wish to begin by thanking to my supervisor, DR. Wachyu Sundayana,
M.A, thank you for the wisdom, understanding, and compassion that you have
imparted to me and my ideas. You have offered guidance, support, and
unwavering patience throughout this process. I have been blessed to have such a
brilliant mentor to help me navigate the thesis process.
My special thank would be for all lecturers in the English Education
Department of the Graduate School for their tireless guidance and
encouragement. Every one of them have motivated me and contributed
significance values in every course they teach.
My special thanks are also due to the teacher of English namely
“Kurniawan, S.Pd”. and the students of SMP Lab. School UPI Bandung, who
have given me an opportunity to do the research and learn together.
Finally, I want to acknowledge a special debt of gratitude to my family for
supporting me through this process. My heartfelt thanks go to my mother,
sisters, brothers, in laws who in different, but equal ways, have contributed to
my study immeasurably, for their sincere love and prayers.
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
I am eternally thankful for the love and support I have received from my
ever-patient, supportive and lovely wife, Gusniwati, my couple shining stars:
Jeni Fitrianti and Aufa Alfaridz, They provided me with care, encouragement,
and with time to work. I simply could not have done this without them. It is with
pleasure that to them all I dedicate this thesis.
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
TABLE OF CONTENT
APPROVAL PAGE ………………………………………………………
ii
………………………………………………………
iii
………………………………………………
iv
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………
vi
………………………………………………
vii
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER I
1.1 Background of the Study
………………………………………
1
1.2 Statement of the Problems
………………………………………
5
1.3 The Objective of the Study
………………………………………
5
1.4 Significant of the Study
………………………………………
5
………………………………
6
………………………………………
6
………………………………………………
7
………………………………………………………
7
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study
1.6 Clarification of the Terms
1.7 Thesis Organization
1.8 Closing Remark
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
………………………………………
8
2.1.1 The Uniqueness of Listening
………………………………….
8
2.1.2 The Importance of the Listening
………………………………
9
2.1.3 Feature s of Spoken Language
………………………………
12
………………………………………
16
2.1 The Nature of Listening
2.1.4 Difficulties in Listening
2.2. Approaches in Teaching Listening
...............................................
18
2.2.1 Bottom-up Strategies
………………………………………. 19
2.2.2 Top-Down Strategies
……….……………………………… 24
2.2.3 Interactive Strategy
………….…………………………… 27
2.3 Teaching Listening Stages
……….……………………………… 30
2.3.1 Pre-Listening Activities
……………….……………………… 30
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
………………………………………
2.3.2 While-Listening
2.3.3 Post-Listening Activities ………………………………………
32
36
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
………………………………………………
40
3.2 Research Site
………………………………………………
40
3.3 Research Setting and Participants ………………………………………
41
…………………………………………………...
42
3.5 Data Collecting Techniques
………………………………………
43
3.5.1 Classroom Observation
………………………………………
43
3.5.2 Interview
………………………………………………
43
3.6 Data Analysis
………………………………………………
45
3.4 Research Schedules
………………………..
45
…………………………………
45
3.6.1 The Data from Classroom Observation
3.6.2 The Data from Interview
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 The Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
………………
46
4.1.1 Pre-listening stage
………………………………………
47
4.1.2 While-listening stage
………………………………………
56
………………………………………………
67
……………………………………………
77
4.1.3 Pot-listening
4.2 Observation checklist
4.3 Interview Data
………………………………………………….
4.3 Closing Remark ………………………………………………………
79
84
Chapter V Conclusions And Recommendations
5.1 Conclusion
………………………………………………
85
5.2 Recommendation
………………………………………………
88
…………………………………………………………………….
90
References
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
APPENDICES
Appendix 1. Instruments
Appendix 1.1 Form Observation Checklist
Appendix 1.2 Form Teacher Interview
Appendix 2. The Transcriptions of Video Observation
Appendix 2.1 First Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.2 Second Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.3 Third Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.4 Fourth Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 2.5 Fifth Video Observation Transcription
Appendix 3. The Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.1 First Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.2 Second Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.3 Third Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.4 Fourth Observation Checklist
Appendix 3.5 Fifth Observation Checklist
Appendix 4. The Teacher Interviews
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Illustration bottom-up strategies in real situation listening activity 20
Table 2.2 Activities to develop bottom-up processing
………………
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
21
……………………………….
22
……………………….
25
………………………………………
26
………………………
29
………………
31
Table 2.8 Techniques for Note-taking
……………………………….
34
Table 2.9 Activities in While-listening
……………………………….
35
Table 2.3 The Eleven Micro-Skills
Table 2.4 Illustrations for top-down processing
Table 2.5 The Six Macro-Skills
Table 2.6 Typical activities in integrative model
Table 2.7 Tips for the teacher before the listening lesson
Table 3.1 Research Schedule
…………………………………………
Table 4.1 Recapitulation Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
…
42
78
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Proportions of time spent by college students in communication
activities
…………………………………………………… 11
Joni Amir, 2014
An Investigation of Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Listening
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu