TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATIVE UTTERANCES IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED THE TWILIGHT SAGA: BREAKING DAWN PART 1.
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TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATIVE UTTERANCES
IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED THE TWILIGHT SAGA: THE
BREAKING DAWN PART 1
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of a Requirement for Sarjana Sastra Degree
in English Department Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts
Sebelas Maret University
by:
IVANA PUSPA NIKA NOVA
C0309035
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
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MOTTO
“I try my best to make them happy, my lovely family”
(The Researcher)
“A creative man is motivated by the desire to achieve, not by the desire to beat others”.
(Ayn Rand)
“With the new day comes new strength and new thoughts.”
(Eleanor Roosevelt)
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to
My beloved mother and father
My Family and best friends
The one who always loves and supports me
Thank you
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ACKNOWLEGMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil’aalamin. Praises is only for Allah SWT. Without the guidance
and blessing, I cannot overcome the difficulties in the process of composing this thesis from
the beginning to the end.
I also got many support and encouragements from them who have given
contributions to my thesis. Therefore, in this opportunity I would like to give special thanks
for the people who have given the contributions to my thesis:
1.
The Dean of Faculty of Letter and Fine Arts of Sebelas Maret University, Drs.
Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D. Thank you for approving this thesis.
2.
The Head of English Department, Drs. Agung Hari W., M.A., Ph.D. Thank
you for giving me the permission to conduct this thesis.
3.
My thesis supervisor, Bayu Budiharjo, S.S M.Hum. Thank you for your
guidance, patience, support and advice. I cannot forget your help, Sir. Thank
you so much for everything.
4.
Thank you for all my raters, Sumardiono, S.S, M.Hum., Anita Rusjayanti
S.S., Zulia Karini S.Pd, S.S. Thank you for helping me assessing the data and
for interesting discussion.
5.
Athiyah Salwa, S.S, M.Hum., thank you so much for validating my research
data.
6.
The lectures of English Department, thank you for all the knowledge and
lessons you have been taught me all these times.
7.
All of translation studies lecturers: Prof. Drs M.R Nababan, M.Ed., M.A.,
Ph.D., Ida Kusuma Dewi, S.S., M.A., Ardianna Nuraeni, S.S, M.Hum., Dyah
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
Ayu Nila Khrisna, S.S., M. Hum and Bayu Budiharjo, S.S M.Hum who have
given me a lot of valuable knowledge regarding to translation studies. Thank
you very much.
8.
All the staffs of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts UNS, thank you for helping
me deal with administration stuffs and the other importance.
9.
My beloved parents and family. From the deepest of my heart I would like to
say thanks to my mom, my grandfather, aunties and uncles who always
supports and loves me. So lucky to own them.
10. My dearest people and all my best friends in ED 09, thank for our
togetherness. I also want to say thanks to Irf who helped me arrange the
questionnaire, Mb Diandra, mas Jojo, Artika, Uri and mb Linot who had lent
me some books, given me a lot of information and suggestions related to my
thesis. Sulis who helped me find the source of data and Yunita who helped me
check the grammar. Thank You.
Finally, I hope that the result of this research will be beneficial for English
department students especially for those who major in the translation study. However, I
realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore, I look forward for any supporting
criticism and suggestion.
Surakarta, January 2015
Ivana Puspa Nika Nova
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE .................................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANT ............................................................................. ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS ................................................................ iii
PRONOUNCEMENT ........................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO .............................................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................................. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................... ix
LIST OF TABLE .............................................................................................................. xii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I. INTRDUCTION........................................................................................... 1
A. Research Background ................................................................................. 1
B. Research Limitation .................................................................................... 8
C. Problem Statements .................................................................................... 8
D. Research Objectives .................................................................................... 9
E. Research Benefits ........................................................................................ 9
F. Research Organization .............................................................................. 10
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................... 12
A. Definition of Translation ........................................................................... 12
B. Problem of translation ............................................................................... 13
C. Translation Techniques ............................................................................. 16
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D. Translation quality .................................................................................... 22
E. Interrogative .............................................................................................. 24
F. Question as illocutionary act ..................................................................... 35
G. Politeness Theory ...................................................................................... 36
H. Subtitling ................................................................................................... 48
I. The movie The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 in Brief ............... 49
J. Review of Related Research ..................................................................... 50
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................ 52
A. Research Type and design......................................................................... 52
B. Data and Source of Data ........................................................................... 53
C. Sampling Technique ................................................................................. 55
D. Method of data Collection ........................................................................ 56
E. Technique of Data Analysis ...................................................................... 59
F. Research Procedure ................................................................................... 60
CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ...................................... 62
A. Introduction ............................................................................................... 62
B. Research Finding ...................................................................................... 62
1. Types of Interrogative ......................................................................... 62
1.1 Types of Interrogative of SL Based on the Syntactic Form .......... 63
1.2 Types of Interrogative Based on the Function .............................. 72
2. Translation Techniques Analysis ........................................................ 77
2.1 Expansion ...................................................................................... 78
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2.2 Paraphrase ..................................................................................... 79
2.3 Transfer ......................................................................................... 80
2.4 Condensation................................................................................. 81
2.5 Decimation plus Transfer .............................................................. 83
2.6 Resignation plus Transfer ............................................................. 84
2.7 Imitation plus Paraphrase .............................................................. 85
2.8 Imitation plus Transfer .................................................................. 86
2.9 Condensation plus Transfer .......................................................... 86
2.10 Transfer, Expansion, plus Paraphrase ......................................... 87
2.11 Condensation, Expansion, plus Imitation ................................... 89
2.12 Deletion, Expansion, plus Condensation .................................... 90
3. The analysis of Translation Quality .................................................... 93
3.1 Accuracy ....................................................................................... 94
3.1.1
The Accurate Translation .................................................. 94
3.1.2
The Less Accurate Translation ......................................... 97
3.2 Acceptability ............................................................................... 102
3.2.1
The Acceptable Translation ............................................ 103
3.2.2
The Less Acceptable Translation .................................... 108
C. Discussion ............................................................................................... 113
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...................................... 121
A. Conclusion .............................................................................................. 121
B. Recommendation .................................................................................... 126
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Scale of Accuracy ............................................................................................. 57
Table 3.2 Scale of Acceptability ....................................................................................... 58
Table 4.1 Percentage of Translation Techniques .............................................................. 91
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ABSTRACT
Ivana Puspa Nika Nova. C0309035. Translation Analysis of Interrogative Utterances in
the Movie Entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1
Thesis: English Department of Faculty Letters and Fine Arts. Sebelas Maret University.
Surakarta. 2015
This research focuses on interrogative utterances and the translation of
interrogative utterances in the movie entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part
1. The aims of this research are to find out (1) The types of the interrogative
utterances; (2) The translation techniques which are applied in translating the
interrogative utterances and (3) The translation quality in terms of accuracy and
acceptability.
This research employs a descriptive-qualitative method. This research applies
purposive sampling technique in determining source of data. The source of data is the
movie entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1. There are two types of
source of data in this research, which are: (1) Documents: the dialogue script and the
subtitle and (2) Informants consisting of three raters who assessed the quality of the
translation. The data of this research are the interrogative utterances found in the
movie entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1, the translation of the
interrogative utterances and the information about translation quality gained from the
informants. This research used a closed-ended questions and open-ended questions.
The findings of the research as follows: (1) The types of the interrogative
utterances found in the movie entitled: The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 are
the interrogatives based on structural form: are yes/no question and wh-question; and
the interrogatives based on the functions: real question and rhetorical question; (2)
The translation techniques used by the translator are 4 single techniques and 19
technique combinations applied to translate interrogative utterances. The single
techniques are transfer, paraphrase, condensation, and expansion (3) The result of the
quality translation are 89.77% data are categorized into accurate translations; 10.23%
data are categorized into less accurate translations; 87.5% data categorized into
acceptable translation; and 12.5% data are categorized into less acceptable. The most
dominant technique which produces accurate translations is transfer. Meanwhile
decimation plus transfer is the most dominant technique which produces less accurate
translations. The most dominant technique which produces acceptable translations is
transfer. Meanwhile, the most dominant technique which produces less acceptable
translations is imitation plus paraphrase.
This research is intended to bring benefits for students, the translator of the
movie, and other researchers who are interested in studying interrogative utterances.
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
This research can be used as reference or to give additional information about the
translation of interrogative utterances in movies.
Keywords: interrogative utterances, fiction movie, types of interrogative utterances,
translation techniques, translation quality, politeness theory.
commit to user
digilib.uns.ac.id
TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATIVE UTTERANCES
IN THE MOVIE ENTITLED THE TWILIGHT SAGA: THE
BREAKING DAWN PART 1
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of a Requirement for Sarjana Sastra Degree
in English Department Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts
Sebelas Maret University
by:
IVANA PUSPA NIKA NOVA
C0309035
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
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MOTTO
“I try my best to make them happy, my lovely family”
(The Researcher)
“A creative man is motivated by the desire to achieve, not by the desire to beat others”.
(Ayn Rand)
“With the new day comes new strength and new thoughts.”
(Eleanor Roosevelt)
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to
My beloved mother and father
My Family and best friends
The one who always loves and supports me
Thank you
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ACKNOWLEGMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil’aalamin. Praises is only for Allah SWT. Without the guidance
and blessing, I cannot overcome the difficulties in the process of composing this thesis from
the beginning to the end.
I also got many support and encouragements from them who have given
contributions to my thesis. Therefore, in this opportunity I would like to give special thanks
for the people who have given the contributions to my thesis:
1.
The Dean of Faculty of Letter and Fine Arts of Sebelas Maret University, Drs.
Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D. Thank you for approving this thesis.
2.
The Head of English Department, Drs. Agung Hari W., M.A., Ph.D. Thank
you for giving me the permission to conduct this thesis.
3.
My thesis supervisor, Bayu Budiharjo, S.S M.Hum. Thank you for your
guidance, patience, support and advice. I cannot forget your help, Sir. Thank
you so much for everything.
4.
Thank you for all my raters, Sumardiono, S.S, M.Hum., Anita Rusjayanti
S.S., Zulia Karini S.Pd, S.S. Thank you for helping me assessing the data and
for interesting discussion.
5.
Athiyah Salwa, S.S, M.Hum., thank you so much for validating my research
data.
6.
The lectures of English Department, thank you for all the knowledge and
lessons you have been taught me all these times.
7.
All of translation studies lecturers: Prof. Drs M.R Nababan, M.Ed., M.A.,
Ph.D., Ida Kusuma Dewi, S.S., M.A., Ardianna Nuraeni, S.S, M.Hum., Dyah
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
Ayu Nila Khrisna, S.S., M. Hum and Bayu Budiharjo, S.S M.Hum who have
given me a lot of valuable knowledge regarding to translation studies. Thank
you very much.
8.
All the staffs of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts UNS, thank you for helping
me deal with administration stuffs and the other importance.
9.
My beloved parents and family. From the deepest of my heart I would like to
say thanks to my mom, my grandfather, aunties and uncles who always
supports and loves me. So lucky to own them.
10. My dearest people and all my best friends in ED 09, thank for our
togetherness. I also want to say thanks to Irf who helped me arrange the
questionnaire, Mb Diandra, mas Jojo, Artika, Uri and mb Linot who had lent
me some books, given me a lot of information and suggestions related to my
thesis. Sulis who helped me find the source of data and Yunita who helped me
check the grammar. Thank You.
Finally, I hope that the result of this research will be beneficial for English
department students especially for those who major in the translation study. However, I
realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore, I look forward for any supporting
criticism and suggestion.
Surakarta, January 2015
Ivana Puspa Nika Nova
commit to user
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digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE .................................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANT ............................................................................. ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS ................................................................ iii
PRONOUNCEMENT ........................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO .............................................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .................................................................................................. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................... ix
LIST OF TABLE .............................................................................................................. xii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I. INTRDUCTION........................................................................................... 1
A. Research Background ................................................................................. 1
B. Research Limitation .................................................................................... 8
C. Problem Statements .................................................................................... 8
D. Research Objectives .................................................................................... 9
E. Research Benefits ........................................................................................ 9
F. Research Organization .............................................................................. 10
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................... 12
A. Definition of Translation ........................................................................... 12
B. Problem of translation ............................................................................... 13
C. Translation Techniques ............................................................................. 16
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D. Translation quality .................................................................................... 22
E. Interrogative .............................................................................................. 24
F. Question as illocutionary act ..................................................................... 35
G. Politeness Theory ...................................................................................... 36
H. Subtitling ................................................................................................... 48
I. The movie The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 in Brief ............... 49
J. Review of Related Research ..................................................................... 50
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................ 52
A. Research Type and design......................................................................... 52
B. Data and Source of Data ........................................................................... 53
C. Sampling Technique ................................................................................. 55
D. Method of data Collection ........................................................................ 56
E. Technique of Data Analysis ...................................................................... 59
F. Research Procedure ................................................................................... 60
CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ...................................... 62
A. Introduction ............................................................................................... 62
B. Research Finding ...................................................................................... 62
1. Types of Interrogative ......................................................................... 62
1.1 Types of Interrogative of SL Based on the Syntactic Form .......... 63
1.2 Types of Interrogative Based on the Function .............................. 72
2. Translation Techniques Analysis ........................................................ 77
2.1 Expansion ...................................................................................... 78
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2.2 Paraphrase ..................................................................................... 79
2.3 Transfer ......................................................................................... 80
2.4 Condensation................................................................................. 81
2.5 Decimation plus Transfer .............................................................. 83
2.6 Resignation plus Transfer ............................................................. 84
2.7 Imitation plus Paraphrase .............................................................. 85
2.8 Imitation plus Transfer .................................................................. 86
2.9 Condensation plus Transfer .......................................................... 86
2.10 Transfer, Expansion, plus Paraphrase ......................................... 87
2.11 Condensation, Expansion, plus Imitation ................................... 89
2.12 Deletion, Expansion, plus Condensation .................................... 90
3. The analysis of Translation Quality .................................................... 93
3.1 Accuracy ....................................................................................... 94
3.1.1
The Accurate Translation .................................................. 94
3.1.2
The Less Accurate Translation ......................................... 97
3.2 Acceptability ............................................................................... 102
3.2.1
The Acceptable Translation ............................................ 103
3.2.2
The Less Acceptable Translation .................................... 108
C. Discussion ............................................................................................... 113
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...................................... 121
A. Conclusion .............................................................................................. 121
B. Recommendation .................................................................................... 126
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Scale of Accuracy ............................................................................................. 57
Table 3.2 Scale of Acceptability ....................................................................................... 58
Table 4.1 Percentage of Translation Techniques .............................................................. 91
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ABSTRACT
Ivana Puspa Nika Nova. C0309035. Translation Analysis of Interrogative Utterances in
the Movie Entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1
Thesis: English Department of Faculty Letters and Fine Arts. Sebelas Maret University.
Surakarta. 2015
This research focuses on interrogative utterances and the translation of
interrogative utterances in the movie entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part
1. The aims of this research are to find out (1) The types of the interrogative
utterances; (2) The translation techniques which are applied in translating the
interrogative utterances and (3) The translation quality in terms of accuracy and
acceptability.
This research employs a descriptive-qualitative method. This research applies
purposive sampling technique in determining source of data. The source of data is the
movie entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1. There are two types of
source of data in this research, which are: (1) Documents: the dialogue script and the
subtitle and (2) Informants consisting of three raters who assessed the quality of the
translation. The data of this research are the interrogative utterances found in the
movie entitled The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1, the translation of the
interrogative utterances and the information about translation quality gained from the
informants. This research used a closed-ended questions and open-ended questions.
The findings of the research as follows: (1) The types of the interrogative
utterances found in the movie entitled: The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn Part 1 are
the interrogatives based on structural form: are yes/no question and wh-question; and
the interrogatives based on the functions: real question and rhetorical question; (2)
The translation techniques used by the translator are 4 single techniques and 19
technique combinations applied to translate interrogative utterances. The single
techniques are transfer, paraphrase, condensation, and expansion (3) The result of the
quality translation are 89.77% data are categorized into accurate translations; 10.23%
data are categorized into less accurate translations; 87.5% data categorized into
acceptable translation; and 12.5% data are categorized into less acceptable. The most
dominant technique which produces accurate translations is transfer. Meanwhile
decimation plus transfer is the most dominant technique which produces less accurate
translations. The most dominant technique which produces acceptable translations is
transfer. Meanwhile, the most dominant technique which produces less acceptable
translations is imitation plus paraphrase.
This research is intended to bring benefits for students, the translator of the
movie, and other researchers who are interested in studying interrogative utterances.
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
This research can be used as reference or to give additional information about the
translation of interrogative utterances in movies.
Keywords: interrogative utterances, fiction movie, types of interrogative utterances,
translation techniques, translation quality, politeness theory.
commit to user