S MRL 0900955 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK..................................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................ iii
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH ....................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................1
A. Latar Belakang .........................................................................................................1
B. Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................................4
C. Tujuan Penelitian .....................................................................................................5
D. Manfaat Penelitian....................................................................................................5
E. Definisi operasional ..................................................................................................5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................................9
A. Tinjauan pustaka ......................................................................................................9
1. Pariwisata dan istilah-istilah pariwisata ..............................................................9
2. Pengertian wisata.................................................................................................9
3. Pengertian pariwisata ..........................................................................................9
4. Pengertian kepariwisataan ................................................................................10
5. Kawasan wisata ................................................................................................10
6. Pesisir/pantai ....................................................................................................12
7. Pengelolaan wilayah pesisir .............................................................................13
8. Ekosistem pesisir ..............................................................................................16
9. Lingkungan pesisir/pantai ................................................................................20
10. Permasalahan pembangunan wilayah pesisir dan lautan..................................23
11. Pengelola/Lembaga dalam pengelolaan pesisir/ pantai ....................................30
B. Kerangka pemikiran ..............................................................................................36
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
C. Hipotesis ................................................................................................................37
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ...........................................................................38
A. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ..................................................................................38
1. Lokasi Penelitian ...............................................................................................38
2. Waktu Penelitian ................................................................................................38
B. Desain Penelitian .....................................................................................................38
C. Variabel Penelitian ..................................................................................................39
D. Alat Pengumpul Data ..............................................................................................45
E. Populasi dan Sampel ................................................................................................45
1. Populasi .............................................................................................................45
2. Sampel...............................................................................................................45
F. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .......................................................................................47
G. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................................................48
1. Pendekatan Rating Scale ...................................................................................48
2. Uji Validitas ......................................................................................................48
3. Uji Reabilitas .....................................................................................................50
H. Rancangan Teknik Analisis Data ............................................................................51
1. Garis Kontinum ................................................................................................51
2. Method of Successive Interval (MSI) ..............................................................53
3. Uji Normalitas .................................................................................................53
4. Teknik Analisis Regresi Linier Sederhana .......................................................53
5. Koefisien Determinasi ......................................................................................54
6. Uji Hipotesis ....................................................................................................55
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ..........................................56
A. Hasil Penelitian........................................................................................................56
1. Gambaran Umum pantai pondok bali ..............................................................56
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2. Analisis Data ....................................................................................................60
a. Analisis pernyataan responden mengenai pengelolaan pantai (Variabel X)
..........................................................................................................................60
b. Rekapitulasi pernyataan wisatawan mengenai pengelolaan pantai (Variabel
X) ......................................................................................................................69
c. Analisis pernyataan responden mengenai lingkungan pantai (Variabel Y) .70
d. Rekapitulasi pernyataan responden mengenai lingkungan pantai (Variabel
Y) .....................................................................................................................80
3. Hasil Pengujian Statistik ...............................................................................82
a. Uji normalitas ............................................................................................82
b. Analisis Regresi Linier Sederhana ............................................................83
c. Analisis Koefisien Determinasi .................................................................84
d. Pengujian Hipotesis ...................................................................................85
B. Pembahasan .............................................................................................................86
1. Pengelolaan Pantai .........................................................................................86
2. Lingkungan Pantai .........................................................................................87
3. Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai terhadap Lingkungan Pantai ...........................88
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .....................................................................90
A. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................90
B. Saran ......................................................................................................................92
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................94
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Derajat keterlibatan masyarakat ...........................................................35
Tabel 3.1
Operasionalisasi Variabel .....................................................................40
Tabel 3.2
Jumlah responden .................................................................................47
Tabel 3.3
Hasil Pengujian Validitas Variabel Pengelolaan Kawasan Wisata (X)
..............................................................................................................50
Tabel 3.4
Hasil Pengujian Validitas Lingkungan Pantai (Y) ...............................51
Tabel 3.5
Pedoman untuk Memberikan Interpretasi Koefisien Korelasi .............52
Tabel 3.6
Hasil Uji Reliabilitas pengelolaan Kawasan Wisata dan Lingkungan
Pantai ....................................................................................................53
Tabel 4.1
Tanggapan Responden tentang Frekuensi penanaman hutan mangrove
..............................................................................................................69
Tabel 4.2
Tanggapan Responden tentang Frekuensi penanaman terumbu karang
..............................................................................................................69
Tabel 4.3
Tanggapan Responden mengenai luas pemanfaatan daerah pantai ......70
Tabel 4.4
Tanggapan Responden tentang luas pengembangan daerah pantai ......71
Tabel 4.5
Tanggapan Responden tentang luas tembok/tanggul laut ....................72
Tabel 4.6
Tanggapan Responden tentang luas pemecah gelombang....................73
Tabel 4.7
Tanggapan Responden tentang adanya website ...................................74
Tabel 4.8
Tanggapan Responden tentang adanya informasi/papan informasi di
kawasan wisata .....................................................................................75
Tabel 4.9
Tanggapan Responden tentang tingkat keramahan masyarakat terhadap
wisatawan .............................................................................................77
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.10
Tanggapan Responden tentang tingkat kepedulian pemerintah
memberikan mata pencaharian terhadap masyarakat ...........................78
Tabel 4.11
Rekapitulasi hasil jawaban responden terhadap indicator pengelolaan
kawasan wisata (X) ...............................................................................79
Tabel 4.12
Tanggapan Responden tentang adanya sampah ..................................81
Tabel 4.13
Tanggapan Responden tentang kebersihan air laut ..............................82
Tabel 4.14
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan terumbu karang ....................83
Tabel 4.15
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan hutan mangrove ...................84
Tabel 4.16
Tanggapan Responden tentang tingkat abrasi .....................................85
Tabel 4.17
Tanggapan Responden tentang perburuan ekosistem pantai................86
Tabel 4.18
Tanggapan Responden tentang masyarakat bekerja di Kawasan Wisata
..............................................................................................................87
Tabel 4.19
Tanggapan Responden tentang masyarakat sebagai supplier di kawasan
wisata ....................................................................................................88
Tabel 4.20
Tanggapan Responden tentang masyarakat mendanai sendiri mata
pencahariannya di kawasan wisata .......................................................89
Tabel 4.21
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan tembok/tanggul laut ..............90
Tabel 4.22
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan pemecah gelombang
..............................................................................................................91
Tabel 4.23
Rekapitulasi hasil jawaban responden terhadap indikator lingkungan
pantai (Y) ..............................................................................................92
Tabel 4.24
Interpretasi koefisien Korelasi ..............................................................95
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Kerangka Berpikir ................................................................................36
Gambar 3.1
Lokasi Pantai Pondok Bali ...................................................................38
Gambar 3.2
Garis kontinum .....................................................................................61
Gambar 4.1
Garis kontinum frekuensi penanaman hutan mangrove .......................61
Gambar 4.2
Garis kontinum frekuensi penanaman terumbu karang ........................62
Gambar 4.3
Garis kontinum luas pemanfaatan daerah pantai ..................................63
Gambar 4.4
Garis kontinum luas pengembangan daerah pantai ..............................63
Gambar 4.5
Garis kontinum luas tembok/tanggul laut ............................................64
Gambar 4.6
Garis kontinum luas pemecah gelombang ...........................................65
Gambar 4.7
Garis kontinum adanya website ...........................................................66
Gambar 4.8
Garis kontinum adanya informasi/papan informasi di kawasan wisata
......................................................................................................................................67
Gambar 4.9
Garis kontinum tingkat keramahan masyarakat terhadap wisatawan ..67
Gambar 4.10 Garis kontinum tingkat kepedulian pemerintah memberikan mata
pencaharian untuk masyarakat .....................................................................................68
Gambar 4.11 Garis kontinum rekapitulasi pengelolaan pantai ..................................69
Gambar 4.12 Garis kontinum adanya sampah ...........................................................71
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Gambar 4.13 Garis kontinum kebersihan air laut .....................................................72
Gambar 4.14 Garis kontinum keadaan terumbu karang.............................................73
Gambar 4.15 Garis kontinum keadaan hutan mangrove ............................................74
Gambar 4.16 Garis kontinum tingkat abrasi ..............................................................75
Gambar 4.17 Garis kontinum perburuan ekosistem pantai ........................................76
Gambar 4.18 Garis kontinum masyarakat bekerja di kawasan wisata .......................76
Gambar 4.19 Garis kontinum masyarakat sebagai supplier di kawasan wisata .........77
Gambar 4.20 Garis kontinum masyarakat mendanai sendiri mata pencahariannya di
kawasan wisata .............................................................................................................78
Gambar 4.21 Garis kontinum keadaan tembok/tanggul laut .....................................79
Gambar 4.22 Garis kontinum keadaan pemecah gelombang ....................................80
Gambar 4.23 Garis kontinum rekapitulasi lingkungan pantai ...................................81
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ABSTRAK..................................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................ iii
UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH ....................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................1
A. Latar Belakang .........................................................................................................1
B. Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................................4
C. Tujuan Penelitian .....................................................................................................5
D. Manfaat Penelitian....................................................................................................5
E. Definisi operasional ..................................................................................................5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................................9
A. Tinjauan pustaka ......................................................................................................9
1. Pariwisata dan istilah-istilah pariwisata ..............................................................9
2. Pengertian wisata.................................................................................................9
3. Pengertian pariwisata ..........................................................................................9
4. Pengertian kepariwisataan ................................................................................10
5. Kawasan wisata ................................................................................................10
6. Pesisir/pantai ....................................................................................................12
7. Pengelolaan wilayah pesisir .............................................................................13
8. Ekosistem pesisir ..............................................................................................16
9. Lingkungan pesisir/pantai ................................................................................20
10. Permasalahan pembangunan wilayah pesisir dan lautan..................................23
11. Pengelola/Lembaga dalam pengelolaan pesisir/ pantai ....................................30
B. Kerangka pemikiran ..............................................................................................36
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
C. Hipotesis ................................................................................................................37
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ...........................................................................38
A. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ..................................................................................38
1. Lokasi Penelitian ...............................................................................................38
2. Waktu Penelitian ................................................................................................38
B. Desain Penelitian .....................................................................................................38
C. Variabel Penelitian ..................................................................................................39
D. Alat Pengumpul Data ..............................................................................................45
E. Populasi dan Sampel ................................................................................................45
1. Populasi .............................................................................................................45
2. Sampel...............................................................................................................45
F. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .......................................................................................47
G. Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................................................48
1. Pendekatan Rating Scale ...................................................................................48
2. Uji Validitas ......................................................................................................48
3. Uji Reabilitas .....................................................................................................50
H. Rancangan Teknik Analisis Data ............................................................................51
1. Garis Kontinum ................................................................................................51
2. Method of Successive Interval (MSI) ..............................................................53
3. Uji Normalitas .................................................................................................53
4. Teknik Analisis Regresi Linier Sederhana .......................................................53
5. Koefisien Determinasi ......................................................................................54
6. Uji Hipotesis ....................................................................................................55
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ..........................................56
A. Hasil Penelitian........................................................................................................56
1. Gambaran Umum pantai pondok bali ..............................................................56
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2. Analisis Data ....................................................................................................60
a. Analisis pernyataan responden mengenai pengelolaan pantai (Variabel X)
..........................................................................................................................60
b. Rekapitulasi pernyataan wisatawan mengenai pengelolaan pantai (Variabel
X) ......................................................................................................................69
c. Analisis pernyataan responden mengenai lingkungan pantai (Variabel Y) .70
d. Rekapitulasi pernyataan responden mengenai lingkungan pantai (Variabel
Y) .....................................................................................................................80
3. Hasil Pengujian Statistik ...............................................................................82
a. Uji normalitas ............................................................................................82
b. Analisis Regresi Linier Sederhana ............................................................83
c. Analisis Koefisien Determinasi .................................................................84
d. Pengujian Hipotesis ...................................................................................85
B. Pembahasan .............................................................................................................86
1. Pengelolaan Pantai .........................................................................................86
2. Lingkungan Pantai .........................................................................................87
3. Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai terhadap Lingkungan Pantai ...........................88
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .....................................................................90
A. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................90
B. Saran ......................................................................................................................92
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................94
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Derajat keterlibatan masyarakat ...........................................................35
Tabel 3.1
Operasionalisasi Variabel .....................................................................40
Tabel 3.2
Jumlah responden .................................................................................47
Tabel 3.3
Hasil Pengujian Validitas Variabel Pengelolaan Kawasan Wisata (X)
..............................................................................................................50
Tabel 3.4
Hasil Pengujian Validitas Lingkungan Pantai (Y) ...............................51
Tabel 3.5
Pedoman untuk Memberikan Interpretasi Koefisien Korelasi .............52
Tabel 3.6
Hasil Uji Reliabilitas pengelolaan Kawasan Wisata dan Lingkungan
Pantai ....................................................................................................53
Tabel 4.1
Tanggapan Responden tentang Frekuensi penanaman hutan mangrove
..............................................................................................................69
Tabel 4.2
Tanggapan Responden tentang Frekuensi penanaman terumbu karang
..............................................................................................................69
Tabel 4.3
Tanggapan Responden mengenai luas pemanfaatan daerah pantai ......70
Tabel 4.4
Tanggapan Responden tentang luas pengembangan daerah pantai ......71
Tabel 4.5
Tanggapan Responden tentang luas tembok/tanggul laut ....................72
Tabel 4.6
Tanggapan Responden tentang luas pemecah gelombang....................73
Tabel 4.7
Tanggapan Responden tentang adanya website ...................................74
Tabel 4.8
Tanggapan Responden tentang adanya informasi/papan informasi di
kawasan wisata .....................................................................................75
Tabel 4.9
Tanggapan Responden tentang tingkat keramahan masyarakat terhadap
wisatawan .............................................................................................77
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.10
Tanggapan Responden tentang tingkat kepedulian pemerintah
memberikan mata pencaharian terhadap masyarakat ...........................78
Tabel 4.11
Rekapitulasi hasil jawaban responden terhadap indicator pengelolaan
kawasan wisata (X) ...............................................................................79
Tabel 4.12
Tanggapan Responden tentang adanya sampah ..................................81
Tabel 4.13
Tanggapan Responden tentang kebersihan air laut ..............................82
Tabel 4.14
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan terumbu karang ....................83
Tabel 4.15
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan hutan mangrove ...................84
Tabel 4.16
Tanggapan Responden tentang tingkat abrasi .....................................85
Tabel 4.17
Tanggapan Responden tentang perburuan ekosistem pantai................86
Tabel 4.18
Tanggapan Responden tentang masyarakat bekerja di Kawasan Wisata
..............................................................................................................87
Tabel 4.19
Tanggapan Responden tentang masyarakat sebagai supplier di kawasan
wisata ....................................................................................................88
Tabel 4.20
Tanggapan Responden tentang masyarakat mendanai sendiri mata
pencahariannya di kawasan wisata .......................................................89
Tabel 4.21
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan tembok/tanggul laut ..............90
Tabel 4.22
Tanggapan Responden tentang keadaan pemecah gelombang
..............................................................................................................91
Tabel 4.23
Rekapitulasi hasil jawaban responden terhadap indikator lingkungan
pantai (Y) ..............................................................................................92
Tabel 4.24
Interpretasi koefisien Korelasi ..............................................................95
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Kerangka Berpikir ................................................................................36
Gambar 3.1
Lokasi Pantai Pondok Bali ...................................................................38
Gambar 3.2
Garis kontinum .....................................................................................61
Gambar 4.1
Garis kontinum frekuensi penanaman hutan mangrove .......................61
Gambar 4.2
Garis kontinum frekuensi penanaman terumbu karang ........................62
Gambar 4.3
Garis kontinum luas pemanfaatan daerah pantai ..................................63
Gambar 4.4
Garis kontinum luas pengembangan daerah pantai ..............................63
Gambar 4.5
Garis kontinum luas tembok/tanggul laut ............................................64
Gambar 4.6
Garis kontinum luas pemecah gelombang ...........................................65
Gambar 4.7
Garis kontinum adanya website ...........................................................66
Gambar 4.8
Garis kontinum adanya informasi/papan informasi di kawasan wisata
......................................................................................................................................67
Gambar 4.9
Garis kontinum tingkat keramahan masyarakat terhadap wisatawan ..67
Gambar 4.10 Garis kontinum tingkat kepedulian pemerintah memberikan mata
pencaharian untuk masyarakat .....................................................................................68
Gambar 4.11 Garis kontinum rekapitulasi pengelolaan pantai ..................................69
Gambar 4.12 Garis kontinum adanya sampah ...........................................................71
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Gambar 4.13 Garis kontinum kebersihan air laut .....................................................72
Gambar 4.14 Garis kontinum keadaan terumbu karang.............................................73
Gambar 4.15 Garis kontinum keadaan hutan mangrove ............................................74
Gambar 4.16 Garis kontinum tingkat abrasi ..............................................................75
Gambar 4.17 Garis kontinum perburuan ekosistem pantai ........................................76
Gambar 4.18 Garis kontinum masyarakat bekerja di kawasan wisata .......................76
Gambar 4.19 Garis kontinum masyarakat sebagai supplier di kawasan wisata .........77
Gambar 4.20 Garis kontinum masyarakat mendanai sendiri mata pencahariannya di
kawasan wisata .............................................................................................................78
Gambar 4.21 Garis kontinum keadaan tembok/tanggul laut .....................................79
Gambar 4.22 Garis kontinum keadaan pemecah gelombang ....................................80
Gambar 4.23 Garis kontinum rekapitulasi lingkungan pantai ...................................81
Anggi Susilowati, 2014
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Pantai Terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Pondok
Bali
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu