Pengukuran Kecepatan dan Panjang Benda Bergerak Dengan Menggunakan Infra Merah Berbasis Mikrokontroler.
ABSTRACT
Velocity was classic problem in physics at away back and also this time.
Velocity have congeniality of distance which gone through in one set of
time.With microcontroller can be conducted calculation of time in millisecond
order and interfacing using infra red sensor. At Infra Red, to avoid distraction
from other infra red radiation sources modulation have to beforehand with carrier
frequency. A photo-detector use microcontroller in awakening signal, till
processing of accepted signal yield output in the form of on-off signal. In this final
project, hardware is made using microcontroller and infra red sensor to measure
the velocity and to identify length of moving object.
ABSTRAK
Kecepatan merupakan masalah klasik dalam ilmu fisika pada jaman
dahulu maupun sekarang ini. Kecepatan sendiri mempunyai pengertian jarak yang
ditempuh dalam satu satuan waktu. Dengan mikrokontroler dapat dilakukan
perhitungan waktu dalam orde milidetik dan antarmuka dengan menggunakan
sensor infra merah. Pada sensor infra merah untuk menghindari infra merah dari
radiasi sumber infra merah yang lain, maka penggunaan cahaya infra merah harus
dimodulasi terlebih dahulu dengan frekuensi pembawa.. Dalam tugas akhir ini
dibuat perangkat detektor menggunakan mikrokontroler dalam membagkitkan
sinyal dan mengolah sinyal yang diterima hingga menghasilkan keluaran berupa
sinyal on-off.Dan selanjutnya perangkat ini digunakan untuk mengukur kecepatan
dan panjang benda bergerak menggunakan sensor infra merah berbasiskan
mikrokontroler.
IS1U60/IS1U60L
IS1U60/IS1U60L
Sensors with 1-Package Design
of Remote Control Detecting
Functions owing to OPIC
■ Features
■ Outline Dimensions
1. 1-package design owing to adoption of OPIC
2. Compact
(Volume : About 1/8 compared with GP1U58X)
(Unit : mm)
IS1U60
3.5
3.4
3.4
2.9 3.6
1. Audio equipment
2. Cameras
2.9 2.9
1.0
21.0 ± 1.0
■ Applications
4.5
8.7
4.0
3. B.P.F. (Band Pass Frequency) : (TYP. 38kHz)
4. Aspherical lens
3.5
1.0
+
0.4 - 0.2
0.1
0.5
2.1
2.54
1
2
1 VOUT
2 GND
3 VCC
3
* Tolerance : ± 0.2
Rating
0 to 6.0
- 10 to + 60
- 20 to + 70
260
IS1U60L
Unit
V
˚C
˚C
˚C
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.4
4.5
*1 No dew condensation is allowed.
*2 For 5 seconds
2.9 3.6
θ = 0 to 15˚
θ
2
3
θ
1.4
1
2.1
4.2mm
Soldering area
+
0.4 - 0.2
0.1
Symbol
V CC
T opr
T stg
T sol
4.0
Parameter
Supply voltage
*1Operating temperature
Storage temperature
*2
Soldering temperature
(Ta=25˚C)
2.9 2.9
■ Absolute Maximum Ratings
1.5
2.54
1.5
15.2 ± 1.0
3.1mm
1 VOUT
2 GND
3 VCC
Soldering area
* Tolerance : ± 0.2
* "OPIC" (Optical IC) is a trademark of the SHARP Corporation.
An OPIC consists of a light-detecting element and signal-processing circuit
integrated onto a single chip.
■ Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Operating supply voltage
Symbol
V CC
Recommended
operating conditions
4.7 to 5.3
Unit
V
“ In the absence of confirmation by device specification sheets, SHARP takes no responsibility for any defects that occur in equipment using any of SHARP's devices, shown in catalogs,
data books, etc. Contact SHARP in order to obtain the latest version of the device specification sheets before using any SHARP's device.”
IS1U60/IS1U60L
■ Electrical Characteristics
(Ta=25˚C, VCC =+5V)
Symbol
Conditions
No input light
ICC
V OH
*3, Output terminal OPEN
*3, *4
V OL
*3
T1
T2
fO
L
φ , θ = 0˚ , E e < 10 lx
φ
= ± 30˚ ( θ = 0˚ )
L1
θ = ± 15˚ ( φ = 0˚ ) Ee < 10 lx
Parameter
Dissipation current
High level output voltage
Low level output voltage
High level pulse width
Low level pulse width
B.P.F. center frequency
Linear ultimate distance
Linear ultimate distance
MIN.
VCC - 0.2
400
400
5.0
TYP.
2.8
0.45
38
-
MAX.
4.5
0.6
800
800
-
Unit
mA
V
V
µs
µs
kHz
m
3.0
-
-
m
*3 The burst wave as shown in the following figure shall be transmitted.
*4 Pull-up resistance : 2.2kΩ
*5 By SHARP transmitter
fo= 38kHz, Duty 50%
Transmission
signal
600µ s
600µs
T2
T1
Output
■ Internal Block Diagram
Vout
Limiter
B.P.F.
Demodulator Integrator Comparator
Vcc
GND
IS1U60/IS1U60L
■ Performance
Using the transmitter shown in Fig. 1, the output signal of the light detecting unit is good enough to meet the following items in the standard optical system in Fig. 2.
(1) Linear reception distance characteristics
When L=0.2 to 5 m, Ee < 10 lx ( *4) and φ =0˚ in Fig. 2, the output signal shall meet the electrical characteristics in the attached list.
(2) Sensitivity angle reception distance characteristics
When L=0.2 to 3 m, Ee < 10 lx ( *4) and φ
Velocity was classic problem in physics at away back and also this time.
Velocity have congeniality of distance which gone through in one set of
time.With microcontroller can be conducted calculation of time in millisecond
order and interfacing using infra red sensor. At Infra Red, to avoid distraction
from other infra red radiation sources modulation have to beforehand with carrier
frequency. A photo-detector use microcontroller in awakening signal, till
processing of accepted signal yield output in the form of on-off signal. In this final
project, hardware is made using microcontroller and infra red sensor to measure
the velocity and to identify length of moving object.
ABSTRAK
Kecepatan merupakan masalah klasik dalam ilmu fisika pada jaman
dahulu maupun sekarang ini. Kecepatan sendiri mempunyai pengertian jarak yang
ditempuh dalam satu satuan waktu. Dengan mikrokontroler dapat dilakukan
perhitungan waktu dalam orde milidetik dan antarmuka dengan menggunakan
sensor infra merah. Pada sensor infra merah untuk menghindari infra merah dari
radiasi sumber infra merah yang lain, maka penggunaan cahaya infra merah harus
dimodulasi terlebih dahulu dengan frekuensi pembawa.. Dalam tugas akhir ini
dibuat perangkat detektor menggunakan mikrokontroler dalam membagkitkan
sinyal dan mengolah sinyal yang diterima hingga menghasilkan keluaran berupa
sinyal on-off.Dan selanjutnya perangkat ini digunakan untuk mengukur kecepatan
dan panjang benda bergerak menggunakan sensor infra merah berbasiskan
mikrokontroler.
IS1U60/IS1U60L
IS1U60/IS1U60L
Sensors with 1-Package Design
of Remote Control Detecting
Functions owing to OPIC
■ Features
■ Outline Dimensions
1. 1-package design owing to adoption of OPIC
2. Compact
(Volume : About 1/8 compared with GP1U58X)
(Unit : mm)
IS1U60
3.5
3.4
3.4
2.9 3.6
1. Audio equipment
2. Cameras
2.9 2.9
1.0
21.0 ± 1.0
■ Applications
4.5
8.7
4.0
3. B.P.F. (Band Pass Frequency) : (TYP. 38kHz)
4. Aspherical lens
3.5
1.0
+
0.4 - 0.2
0.1
0.5
2.1
2.54
1
2
1 VOUT
2 GND
3 VCC
3
* Tolerance : ± 0.2
Rating
0 to 6.0
- 10 to + 60
- 20 to + 70
260
IS1U60L
Unit
V
˚C
˚C
˚C
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.4
4.5
*1 No dew condensation is allowed.
*2 For 5 seconds
2.9 3.6
θ = 0 to 15˚
θ
2
3
θ
1.4
1
2.1
4.2mm
Soldering area
+
0.4 - 0.2
0.1
Symbol
V CC
T opr
T stg
T sol
4.0
Parameter
Supply voltage
*1Operating temperature
Storage temperature
*2
Soldering temperature
(Ta=25˚C)
2.9 2.9
■ Absolute Maximum Ratings
1.5
2.54
1.5
15.2 ± 1.0
3.1mm
1 VOUT
2 GND
3 VCC
Soldering area
* Tolerance : ± 0.2
* "OPIC" (Optical IC) is a trademark of the SHARP Corporation.
An OPIC consists of a light-detecting element and signal-processing circuit
integrated onto a single chip.
■ Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Operating supply voltage
Symbol
V CC
Recommended
operating conditions
4.7 to 5.3
Unit
V
“ In the absence of confirmation by device specification sheets, SHARP takes no responsibility for any defects that occur in equipment using any of SHARP's devices, shown in catalogs,
data books, etc. Contact SHARP in order to obtain the latest version of the device specification sheets before using any SHARP's device.”
IS1U60/IS1U60L
■ Electrical Characteristics
(Ta=25˚C, VCC =+5V)
Symbol
Conditions
No input light
ICC
V OH
*3, Output terminal OPEN
*3, *4
V OL
*3
T1
T2
fO
L
φ , θ = 0˚ , E e < 10 lx
φ
= ± 30˚ ( θ = 0˚ )
L1
θ = ± 15˚ ( φ = 0˚ ) Ee < 10 lx
Parameter
Dissipation current
High level output voltage
Low level output voltage
High level pulse width
Low level pulse width
B.P.F. center frequency
Linear ultimate distance
Linear ultimate distance
MIN.
VCC - 0.2
400
400
5.0
TYP.
2.8
0.45
38
-
MAX.
4.5
0.6
800
800
-
Unit
mA
V
V
µs
µs
kHz
m
3.0
-
-
m
*3 The burst wave as shown in the following figure shall be transmitted.
*4 Pull-up resistance : 2.2kΩ
*5 By SHARP transmitter
fo= 38kHz, Duty 50%
Transmission
signal
600µ s
600µs
T2
T1
Output
■ Internal Block Diagram
Vout
Limiter
B.P.F.
Demodulator Integrator Comparator
Vcc
GND
IS1U60/IS1U60L
■ Performance
Using the transmitter shown in Fig. 1, the output signal of the light detecting unit is good enough to meet the following items in the standard optical system in Fig. 2.
(1) Linear reception distance characteristics
When L=0.2 to 5 m, Ee < 10 lx ( *4) and φ =0˚ in Fig. 2, the output signal shall meet the electrical characteristics in the attached list.
(2) Sensitivity angle reception distance characteristics
When L=0.2 to 3 m, Ee < 10 lx ( *4) and φ