THE EFFECT OF APPLYING GROUP INVESTIGATION METHOD ON STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT.
THE EFFECT OF APPLYING GROUP INVESTIGATION
METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT
IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By :
ELIA SYAHVITRI
Registration Number : 2101121015
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATES UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Allah and
Muhammad who inspired the writer to be always strong and patient in completing
this thesis which entitled: The Effect of Applying Group Investigation Method on
Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. This thesis is aimed to fulfill
one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan of the English
Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan
(UNIMED).
In completing this thesis, the writer realized that she faced some problems
and she had received the academic guidance, suggestions, and comments and got
a lot of assistance and moral support from many people. Therefore, the writer
would like to express hergratitude and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., as the Rector of State University
of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., as the Dean of Faculty of Languages
and Arts, State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd.,as the Head of English Department,
Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department, Nora
Ronita Dewi, S.S, M.um., as the Head of English Education Study
Program.
Dr. I Wy Dirgeyasa, M.Hum., her Thesis Advisor.
Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd., her Academic Advisor.
Drs. Johan Sinulingga, M.Pd., Dr. Rahmad Husein M.Ed as her
Reviewer and Examiner.
All Lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and
advised her throughout the academic years.
Mam Euis, as the administration staff of English Department, for her
attention, assistance, and information in completing it.
Rusdi Ramli, SE.as the Headmaster of SMA Panca Budi Medan, for
his permission and opportunities in allowing the writer to do
observation and research to collect the data.
Meilina Khairani S.Pd. and Nurhasanah Harahap, S.Pdi. the
English teacher of SMA Panca Budi Medan, for the assistance,
guidance, suggestions and commentsin the process of completing this
thesis. And all the teachers and students at the school for the good
cooperation.
Her beloved parent Syarifuddin and Nurhayani. Her lovely brothers
Yudi Henri, Feri Hariyanto. Her sister Elvita and all her families for
their endless love, pray, inspiration, motivation, mental and everything
that they have given to the writer.
Her friendship Reguler Dik. C’ 2010, as her great class for the love
and togetherness throughout four years.
i
The writer realizes that this thesis still has the paucity, sheconveniently
welcomes anysuggestions, comments critics, and advices that will improve
the quality of this thesis. She hopes that this thesis would be useful for those
who are read and interested in the field of this study.
Medan, July 2015
The writer,
Elia Syahvitri
Reg.No. 2101121015
ii
ABSTRACT
Syahvitri, Elia. 2101121015. The Effect of Applying Group Invetigation
Method on
Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text.
AThesis.Englishand LiteratureDepartment. Faculty of Languages and Arts,
State University of Medan, Medan: 2015.
This study was investigated the effects of applying teaching methods on student’s
achievement in writing narrative. The population of the research was X grade of
SMA Panca Budi Medan, Academic Year 2014/2015. This study was conducted
with two groups, experimental and control group. The experimental group was
taught by using Group Investigation Method while the control group by using
discussion. The instrument of collecting the data was writing tests. The data were
analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the average scores of
the students in the experimental groupwas significantly higher than the average
scores of the students in the control groupat the level of significantα= 0.05 with
the degree of freedom (df) 42 with t-observed value 3.62 > t-table value 2.018.
The result of this study showed that the students’ achievement taught by using
group investigation method is higher than those taught by using discussion.
Keywords:
Group Investigation Method,
narrative text
iii
Students’ achievement inwriting
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................ i
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...............................................................................
iv
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... vii
LIST OF APPENDICES................................................................................ viii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1
A. The Background of the Study ............................................ 1
B. The Problem of the Study .................................................. 4
C. The Objective of the Study ................................................ 4
D. The Scope of the Study ...................................................... 4
E. The Significance of the Study ............................................ 5
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................ 6
A. Theoritical Framework ...................................................... 6
1. Students’ Achievement WritingNarrative Text ............ 6
2. Writing Narrative Text ................................................. 7
3. Writing Process ............................................................ 8
4. Genre Writing ............................................................... 12
a. The Characteristics of Genre in Writing ............... 13
b. The Points of Genre in Writing .............................. 13
c. Types of Genre ....................................................... 14
5. Narrative Text ............................................................... 15
a. Communicative Purpose of NarrativeText ............. 16
b. Rhetorical Structure of Narrative Text .................. 16
c. Grammatical Patterns of Narrative ........................ 16
6. Cooprative Learning ..................................................... 17
7. Group Investigation Method ........................................ 17
iv
a. The Procedures of Group Investigation
Method .................................................................... 18
b. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Group
Investigation Method ............................................. 20
8. Discussion Method ........................................................ 20
a. The Proceures of Discusion Method ....................... 21
b. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Discussion
Method ..................................................................... 21
B. Concetual Framework .......................................................... 23
C. Hyphotesis ............................................................................ 24
CHAPTER III THE RESEARCH METHOD............................................. 25
A. Research Design ................................................................. 25
1. Population and Sample ................................................. 26
2. The Instrument for Collecting Data .............................. 26
3. Assessment Instrument Rubric ...................................... 27
B. Research Procedure ........................................................... 29
1. Pre-test .......................................................................... 29
2. Treatment...................................................................... 29
3. Post-test ........................................................................ 30
C. The Validity and Reliability of the Test ............................. 33
1. The Validity .................................................................. 33
2. The Reliability .............................................................. 34
D. Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................ 36
E. Statistical Hypothesis ........................................................ 36
v
CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS ............................................................ 38
A. The Data ............................................................................................... 40
B. Reliability Test ..................................................................................... 37
C. Testing Hypothesis ............................................................................... 41
D. Discussion ............................................................................................ 41
CHAPTER V: CONNCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................ 44
A. Conclusion............................................................................................ 44
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................ 44
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 45
APPENDIX .................................................................................................... 48
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 Students’ Accumulated Score of Grade X ...................................... 3
Table 3.1 Research Design ............................................................................... 25
Table 3.2 Assessment Instruent Rubric ............................................................ 27
Table 3.3 Procedure for Experimental Group .................................................. 30
Table 3.4 Procedure for Control Group ............................................................ 32
Table 4.1Students’ Achievement Score in Pre-test and Post-test .................... 39
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A: The Score of Pre-Test and Post-Test By The Students of
Experimental Group ................................................................. 48
AppendixB:
The score of Pre-Test and Post-Test by the Students of
Control Group ........................................................................... 49
Appendix C: The Reliability of the Test ........................................................ 50
Appendix D: Table of t-Distribution ............................................................. 52
Appendix E: The calculation of t-test ............................................................. 54
Appendix F: Lesson Plan ............................................................................... 58
Appendix G: Three representative of student’s answer sheets of each
group ......................................................................................... 146
viii
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Based on the result of the data analysis and discussion, the researcher
concludes that mean of control and experimental group in the post-test score are
66.82 and 78.77. It means that the mean score of experimental group is higher
than those of control group. The result of calculation of t-test shows that the value
of t-observe 3.62 is higher than value of the t-table (3.62 > 2.018; df=42, α=0.05).
B. Suggestion
As the result of the study, is suggested that :
1. The English teachers apply group investigation method in improving
students’ ability in writing a narrative paragraph by giving much exercise
to the students.
2. The students practicing group investigation method will give you
invaluable benefit because it helps you to concentrate your attention to the
writing which will guide you to write text much better.
3. The researcher should use group investigation method in English writing
to enable learners write a good narrative paragraph.
44
45
45
REFERENCES
Aruan, D.2002. PenafsiranSkor Test. Unimed.Unpublished.
Brown, H . Dougla. 2011. Teaching By Principle : An Interacive Approach to
language Pedagogy ( 2 ed). San Fransisco : Addison Wesley Logman
D’angelo, f. 1980.Process of thought in composition, Boston; Winth
Dirgayasa . 2012. Maritime English Writing A Genre Based Approach .Unimed.
Unimed Press.
Eggins, Suzanne. 2004. An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics 2nd
Edition. New York: Continuum in file:///C:/Users/user/Pictures/PPM
MandiriMAN_Verbs in Narrative.pdfAccesed on November, 30�ℎ
Gerot, Linda and Peter Wignell. 1994. Making Sense of Functional Grammar; an
Introducy Workbook. Gerdstabler.Antipodean Educational Enterprise.
Harmer, J. 2004.How to Teach English. Longman House
Heaton, J. B. 1975. Writing English Languages Test. London. Longman
Handbook.
Hughes, A. 2003. Testing for Language Teacher.2Ed Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Kothari, C.R. 2004. Research Methodology: Methods and technique 2nd Revised
Edition. New Delhi:New Age International (P) Ltd.
Irwandy. 2013. PenilaianHasilBelajar .Unimed .Unimed Press.
Jacobs, R. 1983. English Transformational Grammar. Singapore : Toppen
Mc. Crimmon, J. 1984. Writing With Purpose . Boston : Houghton Mifflin
Nunan, D. 2003. Practical Englis Language Testing, first edition.Singapore:
46
Pardiyono. 2007. Pasti Bisa! Teaching Genre-Based Writing. Yogyakarta:
Andi
Pardiyono. 2006. 12 Writing Clues for Better Writing Competence. Yogyakarta:
Andi
Saraka, 1988.From Paragraph To Essay Concepts and Practice. Jakarta:
Depdikbud.
Siahaan, S.
2008. The English Paragraph. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu
Slavin, E. R. 1995. Cooperative Learning; Theory, Research and Practice.
Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.
Sugiharto, S. 2006. Learn Writing Through Cooperative Learning. Jakarta Post.
Son/02/26/2006. Available in http:/www.thejakartapost.com/news/. 2014.
Accesed on August 25�ℎ
Vockel, E.L. 1983. Educational Research. New York : Macmillan Publishing
Widarso, W. 1992. KiatMenulisDalamBahasaInggris. Yogyakarta :Kanisius
http://www.jstor.org/discover.
2014.
Accesed on August, 09�ℎ
http://www.bridgeguys.com/conventions.html
2014.
Accesed on August, 14�ℎ
http://genre-texts.blogspot.com/2012/11/language-features-of-narrative-text.html
2014.
Accesed on August, 14�ℎ
http://dasarbahasainggris.blospot.com/2013/09/the-definition-of-narrative-textand.html
2014 Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/content-validity-definition-indexexamples.html
2014
Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
47
file:///C:/Users/user/Pictures/The Definition of Narrative Text and types of
Narrative Text.htm
2014
Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
http://notions-english-disciple.blogspot.com/2012/09/summary-of-narrativetext.html
2014
Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT
IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By :
ELIA SYAHVITRI
Registration Number : 2101121015
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATES UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Allah and
Muhammad who inspired the writer to be always strong and patient in completing
this thesis which entitled: The Effect of Applying Group Investigation Method on
Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. This thesis is aimed to fulfill
one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan of the English
Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan
(UNIMED).
In completing this thesis, the writer realized that she faced some problems
and she had received the academic guidance, suggestions, and comments and got
a lot of assistance and moral support from many people. Therefore, the writer
would like to express hergratitude and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., as the Rector of State University
of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., as the Dean of Faculty of Languages
and Arts, State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd.,as the Head of English Department,
Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department, Nora
Ronita Dewi, S.S, M.um., as the Head of English Education Study
Program.
Dr. I Wy Dirgeyasa, M.Hum., her Thesis Advisor.
Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd., her Academic Advisor.
Drs. Johan Sinulingga, M.Pd., Dr. Rahmad Husein M.Ed as her
Reviewer and Examiner.
All Lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and
advised her throughout the academic years.
Mam Euis, as the administration staff of English Department, for her
attention, assistance, and information in completing it.
Rusdi Ramli, SE.as the Headmaster of SMA Panca Budi Medan, for
his permission and opportunities in allowing the writer to do
observation and research to collect the data.
Meilina Khairani S.Pd. and Nurhasanah Harahap, S.Pdi. the
English teacher of SMA Panca Budi Medan, for the assistance,
guidance, suggestions and commentsin the process of completing this
thesis. And all the teachers and students at the school for the good
cooperation.
Her beloved parent Syarifuddin and Nurhayani. Her lovely brothers
Yudi Henri, Feri Hariyanto. Her sister Elvita and all her families for
their endless love, pray, inspiration, motivation, mental and everything
that they have given to the writer.
Her friendship Reguler Dik. C’ 2010, as her great class for the love
and togetherness throughout four years.
i
The writer realizes that this thesis still has the paucity, sheconveniently
welcomes anysuggestions, comments critics, and advices that will improve
the quality of this thesis. She hopes that this thesis would be useful for those
who are read and interested in the field of this study.
Medan, July 2015
The writer,
Elia Syahvitri
Reg.No. 2101121015
ii
ABSTRACT
Syahvitri, Elia. 2101121015. The Effect of Applying Group Invetigation
Method on
Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text.
AThesis.Englishand LiteratureDepartment. Faculty of Languages and Arts,
State University of Medan, Medan: 2015.
This study was investigated the effects of applying teaching methods on student’s
achievement in writing narrative. The population of the research was X grade of
SMA Panca Budi Medan, Academic Year 2014/2015. This study was conducted
with two groups, experimental and control group. The experimental group was
taught by using Group Investigation Method while the control group by using
discussion. The instrument of collecting the data was writing tests. The data were
analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the average scores of
the students in the experimental groupwas significantly higher than the average
scores of the students in the control groupat the level of significantα= 0.05 with
the degree of freedom (df) 42 with t-observed value 3.62 > t-table value 2.018.
The result of this study showed that the students’ achievement taught by using
group investigation method is higher than those taught by using discussion.
Keywords:
Group Investigation Method,
narrative text
iii
Students’ achievement inwriting
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................ i
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...............................................................................
iv
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... vii
LIST OF APPENDICES................................................................................ viii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1
A. The Background of the Study ............................................ 1
B. The Problem of the Study .................................................. 4
C. The Objective of the Study ................................................ 4
D. The Scope of the Study ...................................................... 4
E. The Significance of the Study ............................................ 5
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................ 6
A. Theoritical Framework ...................................................... 6
1. Students’ Achievement WritingNarrative Text ............ 6
2. Writing Narrative Text ................................................. 7
3. Writing Process ............................................................ 8
4. Genre Writing ............................................................... 12
a. The Characteristics of Genre in Writing ............... 13
b. The Points of Genre in Writing .............................. 13
c. Types of Genre ....................................................... 14
5. Narrative Text ............................................................... 15
a. Communicative Purpose of NarrativeText ............. 16
b. Rhetorical Structure of Narrative Text .................. 16
c. Grammatical Patterns of Narrative ........................ 16
6. Cooprative Learning ..................................................... 17
7. Group Investigation Method ........................................ 17
iv
a. The Procedures of Group Investigation
Method .................................................................... 18
b. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Group
Investigation Method ............................................. 20
8. Discussion Method ........................................................ 20
a. The Proceures of Discusion Method ....................... 21
b. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Discussion
Method ..................................................................... 21
B. Concetual Framework .......................................................... 23
C. Hyphotesis ............................................................................ 24
CHAPTER III THE RESEARCH METHOD............................................. 25
A. Research Design ................................................................. 25
1. Population and Sample ................................................. 26
2. The Instrument for Collecting Data .............................. 26
3. Assessment Instrument Rubric ...................................... 27
B. Research Procedure ........................................................... 29
1. Pre-test .......................................................................... 29
2. Treatment...................................................................... 29
3. Post-test ........................................................................ 30
C. The Validity and Reliability of the Test ............................. 33
1. The Validity .................................................................. 33
2. The Reliability .............................................................. 34
D. Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................ 36
E. Statistical Hypothesis ........................................................ 36
v
CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS ............................................................ 38
A. The Data ............................................................................................... 40
B. Reliability Test ..................................................................................... 37
C. Testing Hypothesis ............................................................................... 41
D. Discussion ............................................................................................ 41
CHAPTER V: CONNCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................ 44
A. Conclusion............................................................................................ 44
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................ 44
REFERENCES .............................................................................................. 45
APPENDIX .................................................................................................... 48
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 Students’ Accumulated Score of Grade X ...................................... 3
Table 3.1 Research Design ............................................................................... 25
Table 3.2 Assessment Instruent Rubric ............................................................ 27
Table 3.3 Procedure for Experimental Group .................................................. 30
Table 3.4 Procedure for Control Group ............................................................ 32
Table 4.1Students’ Achievement Score in Pre-test and Post-test .................... 39
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A: The Score of Pre-Test and Post-Test By The Students of
Experimental Group ................................................................. 48
AppendixB:
The score of Pre-Test and Post-Test by the Students of
Control Group ........................................................................... 49
Appendix C: The Reliability of the Test ........................................................ 50
Appendix D: Table of t-Distribution ............................................................. 52
Appendix E: The calculation of t-test ............................................................. 54
Appendix F: Lesson Plan ............................................................................... 58
Appendix G: Three representative of student’s answer sheets of each
group ......................................................................................... 146
viii
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Based on the result of the data analysis and discussion, the researcher
concludes that mean of control and experimental group in the post-test score are
66.82 and 78.77. It means that the mean score of experimental group is higher
than those of control group. The result of calculation of t-test shows that the value
of t-observe 3.62 is higher than value of the t-table (3.62 > 2.018; df=42, α=0.05).
B. Suggestion
As the result of the study, is suggested that :
1. The English teachers apply group investigation method in improving
students’ ability in writing a narrative paragraph by giving much exercise
to the students.
2. The students practicing group investigation method will give you
invaluable benefit because it helps you to concentrate your attention to the
writing which will guide you to write text much better.
3. The researcher should use group investigation method in English writing
to enable learners write a good narrative paragraph.
44
45
45
REFERENCES
Aruan, D.2002. PenafsiranSkor Test. Unimed.Unpublished.
Brown, H . Dougla. 2011. Teaching By Principle : An Interacive Approach to
language Pedagogy ( 2 ed). San Fransisco : Addison Wesley Logman
D’angelo, f. 1980.Process of thought in composition, Boston; Winth
Dirgayasa . 2012. Maritime English Writing A Genre Based Approach .Unimed.
Unimed Press.
Eggins, Suzanne. 2004. An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics 2nd
Edition. New York: Continuum in file:///C:/Users/user/Pictures/PPM
MandiriMAN_Verbs in Narrative.pdfAccesed on November, 30�ℎ
Gerot, Linda and Peter Wignell. 1994. Making Sense of Functional Grammar; an
Introducy Workbook. Gerdstabler.Antipodean Educational Enterprise.
Harmer, J. 2004.How to Teach English. Longman House
Heaton, J. B. 1975. Writing English Languages Test. London. Longman
Handbook.
Hughes, A. 2003. Testing for Language Teacher.2Ed Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Kothari, C.R. 2004. Research Methodology: Methods and technique 2nd Revised
Edition. New Delhi:New Age International (P) Ltd.
Irwandy. 2013. PenilaianHasilBelajar .Unimed .Unimed Press.
Jacobs, R. 1983. English Transformational Grammar. Singapore : Toppen
Mc. Crimmon, J. 1984. Writing With Purpose . Boston : Houghton Mifflin
Nunan, D. 2003. Practical Englis Language Testing, first edition.Singapore:
46
Pardiyono. 2007. Pasti Bisa! Teaching Genre-Based Writing. Yogyakarta:
Andi
Pardiyono. 2006. 12 Writing Clues for Better Writing Competence. Yogyakarta:
Andi
Saraka, 1988.From Paragraph To Essay Concepts and Practice. Jakarta:
Depdikbud.
Siahaan, S.
2008. The English Paragraph. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu
Slavin, E. R. 1995. Cooperative Learning; Theory, Research and Practice.
Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon.
Sugiharto, S. 2006. Learn Writing Through Cooperative Learning. Jakarta Post.
Son/02/26/2006. Available in http:/www.thejakartapost.com/news/. 2014.
Accesed on August 25�ℎ
Vockel, E.L. 1983. Educational Research. New York : Macmillan Publishing
Widarso, W. 1992. KiatMenulisDalamBahasaInggris. Yogyakarta :Kanisius
http://www.jstor.org/discover.
2014.
Accesed on August, 09�ℎ
http://www.bridgeguys.com/conventions.html
2014.
Accesed on August, 14�ℎ
http://genre-texts.blogspot.com/2012/11/language-features-of-narrative-text.html
2014.
Accesed on August, 14�ℎ
http://dasarbahasainggris.blospot.com/2013/09/the-definition-of-narrative-textand.html
2014 Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/content-validity-definition-indexexamples.html
2014
Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
47
file:///C:/Users/user/Pictures/The Definition of Narrative Text and types of
Narrative Text.htm
2014
Accesed on December, 14�ℎ
http://notions-english-disciple.blogspot.com/2012/09/summary-of-narrativetext.html
2014
Accesed on December, 14�ℎ