MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S Murder reflected in robert galbraith’s the cuckoo’s calling (2013: A psychoanalytic approach.
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S
THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 320120003
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
APPROVAL
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S
THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
by:
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 320120003
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team:
Consultant
(Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum. M. Ed)
NIK. 772
ii
ACCEPTANCE
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S
THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by:
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 32020011
Accepted by the Board of Examiner
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on May 2016
The Broad of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed.
(
)
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
(Member I)
3. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si. MA.
(Member II)
Surakarta, May 10, 2016
Muhammadiyah University
School of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun DJoko Prayitno, M. Hum.
NIP. 1965042813199303 1001
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher testifies that in this research paper, there is no
plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor
degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been
written or published or others, except those in which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in literary review and bibliography.
Hence, later, if it is proved that there are mistakes in the researcher’s
statement above, the researcher will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, May 10, 2016
The Researcher,
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 320 120 003
iv
MOTTO
They plan, and Allah plans, Surely, Allah is the best of planners
(Qs. 08: 30)
Always be humble
(Anonymous)
v
DEDICATION
The researcher paper is lovingly dedicated for :
Allah SWT for the great blessing and the great prophet
Muhammad SAW,
My beloved mommy ‘I love you so much”,
My beloved daddy ‘I always send love and pray to the heave”,
My beloved brother and sister,
All of my friends in English Department 2012.
vi
RINGKASAN
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B. A320120003. MURDER REFLECTED IN
ROBERT GALBRAITH’S THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013): A
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. 2016.
Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini adalah pembunuhan. Penelitian
tersebut ditunjukkan dengan keinginan untuk membunuh karena uang.
Pendekatan
yang
digunakan
dalam
penelitian
ini
adalah
pendekatan
psikoanalitik. Objek studi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis novel
berdasarkan pada pendekatan kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan dua sumber data:
data primer dan sekunder. Sumber data primer dari penelitian ini adalah The
Cuckoo’s Calling novel oleh Robert Galbraith. Data sekundernya adalah datadata yang mendukung yang diambil dari buku-buku sastra, internet dan beberapa
artikel yang berhubungan dengan novel tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data
adalah dengan cara penulis menggunakan penilitian diskritif kualitatif.
Menggunakkan pendekatan psikoanalitik sebagai kerangka teori: Pertama,
berdasarkan analisis struktural, John Bristow menyampaikan pesan bahwa obsesi
yang tidak wajar dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap orang lain,
misalnya pembunuhan. Kedua, berdasarkan analisis psikoanalitik, John Bristow
ingin menyampaikan penomena psikologi yaitu jenis kepribadian yang
menyebabkan pembunuhan.
Kata kunci: pembunuhan, keinginan, pendekatan psikoanalitik.
vii
SUMMARY
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B. A320120003. MURDER REFLECTED IN
ROBERT
GALBRAITH’S
THE
CUCKOO’S
CALLING
(2013):
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. 2016.
The major problem of this study is murder. It shows the desire to kill for
the obsession of money. The approach used for this study is psychoanalytic
approach. The objective of this study is to analyze this novel based on the
Psychoanalytic Approach. The research employs qualitative research. The
research uses two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source
of the study is The Cuckoo’s Calling novel by Robert Galbraith. Secondary data
are the supporting data taken from literary books, internet, and some articles
related to the novel. The method of data collection is the researcher will employ
the descriptive qualitative research. Using a psychoanalytic approach as the
theoretical framework: First, based on the structural analysis, John Bristow
delivers a message that unnatural obsession can cause effect to another people
such as murder. Second, based on psychoanalytic analysis John wants to convey
the psychological phenomena that is a type personality that leads to murderer.
Keywords: murder, desire, psychoanalytic approach.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’allaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. All praises and thanks be to Allah SWT as
the Glorious, the Lord and the All Mighty, who always gives kidness, blessing
and mercies given to the researcher, she can complete her researcher paper
entitled
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S THE
CUCKOO’S
CALLING
(2013):
PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH.
In
conducting this research, the researcher got some helps from many people. On this
best occasion, the researcher would like to exipress her deepest gratitude and
appreciation to the following people:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department on
Muhammadiyah University,
3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed, the first consultant who has
patiently guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for
consultant, and give the researcher nice suggestion,
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Aryatmi, M. Hum. as the academic consultant who has
given the researcher guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah
University,
5. All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and
mentor,
6. Her beloved Mother, her spirit and her reason to be best in everything, thanks
for ever over love, prayer, support, motivation, and everything during her life,
7. Her beloved brother, Tanziel Salim thanks for everything,
8. Her beloved family, who have given care, prayers, and support thank you so
much,
9. Her beloved friends, Rida, Ita, Metty, Dwi Wahyu W, Rantika and Awan.
Thanks for always beside me and the time that we ever shared together,
ix
10. Her beloved Genk Rempong, Rida, Ita, Nikmah, Fitriana, Awan, Sidik and
Adit thanks for love and support,
11. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the
researcher completing this research.
Finally, the researcher considers that this research paper is far from being
perfect. Therefore, suggestion and criticism are welcome and accepted, she hopes
that this research paper would be valuable for readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, May 10, 2016
The Researcher,
Nana Shabihah Zahra B
A 320120003
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .........................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ............................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY ............................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO ..................................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... vi
RINGKASAN ............................................................................................................. vii
SUMMARY................................................................................................................ viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................................. xi
CHAPTHER I : INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ............................................................ 1
B. Literature Review ......................................................................... 4
C. Problem Statement ....................................................................... 5
D. Limitation of the Study ................................................................ 5
E. Objectives of the Study ................................................................ 5
F. Benefits of the Study .................................................................... 6
G. Research Method .......................................................................... 6
H. Research Organization .................................................................. 7
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................................... 9
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic Theory ................................................. 9
B. Structure of Personality ............................................................ 10
1. Id ......................................................................................... 10
2. Ego...................................................................................... 10
3. Supergo ............................................................................... 11
C. Murder ..................................................................................... 12
1. Theory of Murder ............................................................... 12
2. Kind of Murder.................................................................... 13
D. Structural element of Fiction .................................................... 14
xi
1. Character and Characterization .............................................. 14
2. Plot.......................................................................................... 14
3. Setting..................................................................................... 15
4. Point of View.......................................................................... 16
5. Theme ..................................................................................... 16
6. Style ........................................................................................ 17
E. Theoretical Application ............................................................... 17
CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .......................................................... 18
A. Structural Element of Fiction ................................................. 18
1. Character and Characterization ................................................ 18
a. Major Character .................................................................... 18
b. Minor Character.................................................................... 21
2. Setting ...................................................................................... 27
a. Setting of Place .................................................................... 28
b. Setting of Time .................................................................... 33
3. Plot ........................................................................................... 34
a. Beggining .............................................................................. 34
b. Middle................................................................................... 34
c. End ........................................................................................ 35
4. Point of View ........................................................................... 35
5. Theme........................................................................................ 36
5. Style ......................................................................................... 37
a. Grammatical Structure ......................................................... 37
b. Sentence Construction ......................................................... 38
c. Diction .................................................................................. 38
d. Figurative Language ............................................................. 39
B. Discussion .................................................................................... 39
CHAPTER IV : PSYCOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ................................................... 44
A. Structure of Personality.......................................................... 44
1. Id ............................................................................................ 44
2. Ego ......................................................................................... 49
3. Superego ................................................................................ 52
xii
B. Murder ....................................................................................... 53
C. Discussion ................................................................................... 55
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL AND SUGGESTION .............. 61
A. Conclusion ................................................................................... 61
B. Pedagogical Implication ............................................................... 62
C. Suggestion .................................................................................... 63
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiii
THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 320120003
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
APPROVAL
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S
THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
by:
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 320120003
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team:
Consultant
(Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum. M. Ed)
NIK. 772
ii
ACCEPTANCE
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S
THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by:
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 32020011
Accepted by the Board of Examiner
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on May 2016
The Broad of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed.
(
)
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
(Member I)
3. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si. MA.
(Member II)
Surakarta, May 10, 2016
Muhammadiyah University
School of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun DJoko Prayitno, M. Hum.
NIP. 1965042813199303 1001
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher testifies that in this research paper, there is no
plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor
degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been
written or published or others, except those in which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in literary review and bibliography.
Hence, later, if it is proved that there are mistakes in the researcher’s
statement above, the researcher will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, May 10, 2016
The Researcher,
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B
A 320 120 003
iv
MOTTO
They plan, and Allah plans, Surely, Allah is the best of planners
(Qs. 08: 30)
Always be humble
(Anonymous)
v
DEDICATION
The researcher paper is lovingly dedicated for :
Allah SWT for the great blessing and the great prophet
Muhammad SAW,
My beloved mommy ‘I love you so much”,
My beloved daddy ‘I always send love and pray to the heave”,
My beloved brother and sister,
All of my friends in English Department 2012.
vi
RINGKASAN
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B. A320120003. MURDER REFLECTED IN
ROBERT GALBRAITH’S THE CUCKOO’S CALLING (2013): A
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. 2016.
Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini adalah pembunuhan. Penelitian
tersebut ditunjukkan dengan keinginan untuk membunuh karena uang.
Pendekatan
yang
digunakan
dalam
penelitian
ini
adalah
pendekatan
psikoanalitik. Objek studi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis novel
berdasarkan pada pendekatan kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan dua sumber data:
data primer dan sekunder. Sumber data primer dari penelitian ini adalah The
Cuckoo’s Calling novel oleh Robert Galbraith. Data sekundernya adalah datadata yang mendukung yang diambil dari buku-buku sastra, internet dan beberapa
artikel yang berhubungan dengan novel tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data
adalah dengan cara penulis menggunakan penilitian diskritif kualitatif.
Menggunakkan pendekatan psikoanalitik sebagai kerangka teori: Pertama,
berdasarkan analisis struktural, John Bristow menyampaikan pesan bahwa obsesi
yang tidak wajar dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap orang lain,
misalnya pembunuhan. Kedua, berdasarkan analisis psikoanalitik, John Bristow
ingin menyampaikan penomena psikologi yaitu jenis kepribadian yang
menyebabkan pembunuhan.
Kata kunci: pembunuhan, keinginan, pendekatan psikoanalitik.
vii
SUMMARY
NANA SHABIHAH ZAHRA B. A320120003. MURDER REFLECTED IN
ROBERT
GALBRAITH’S
THE
CUCKOO’S
CALLING
(2013):
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. 2016.
The major problem of this study is murder. It shows the desire to kill for
the obsession of money. The approach used for this study is psychoanalytic
approach. The objective of this study is to analyze this novel based on the
Psychoanalytic Approach. The research employs qualitative research. The
research uses two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source
of the study is The Cuckoo’s Calling novel by Robert Galbraith. Secondary data
are the supporting data taken from literary books, internet, and some articles
related to the novel. The method of data collection is the researcher will employ
the descriptive qualitative research. Using a psychoanalytic approach as the
theoretical framework: First, based on the structural analysis, John Bristow
delivers a message that unnatural obsession can cause effect to another people
such as murder. Second, based on psychoanalytic analysis John wants to convey
the psychological phenomena that is a type personality that leads to murderer.
Keywords: murder, desire, psychoanalytic approach.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’allaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. All praises and thanks be to Allah SWT as
the Glorious, the Lord and the All Mighty, who always gives kidness, blessing
and mercies given to the researcher, she can complete her researcher paper
entitled
MURDER REFLECTED IN ROBERT GALBRAITH’S THE
CUCKOO’S
CALLING
(2013):
PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH.
In
conducting this research, the researcher got some helps from many people. On this
best occasion, the researcher would like to exipress her deepest gratitude and
appreciation to the following people:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department on
Muhammadiyah University,
3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed, the first consultant who has
patiently guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for
consultant, and give the researcher nice suggestion,
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Aryatmi, M. Hum. as the academic consultant who has
given the researcher guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah
University,
5. All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and
mentor,
6. Her beloved Mother, her spirit and her reason to be best in everything, thanks
for ever over love, prayer, support, motivation, and everything during her life,
7. Her beloved brother, Tanziel Salim thanks for everything,
8. Her beloved family, who have given care, prayers, and support thank you so
much,
9. Her beloved friends, Rida, Ita, Metty, Dwi Wahyu W, Rantika and Awan.
Thanks for always beside me and the time that we ever shared together,
ix
10. Her beloved Genk Rempong, Rida, Ita, Nikmah, Fitriana, Awan, Sidik and
Adit thanks for love and support,
11. Those who cannot be mentioned one by one toward their support to the
researcher completing this research.
Finally, the researcher considers that this research paper is far from being
perfect. Therefore, suggestion and criticism are welcome and accepted, she hopes
that this research paper would be valuable for readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, May 10, 2016
The Researcher,
Nana Shabihah Zahra B
A 320120003
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .........................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ............................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY ............................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO ..................................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... vi
RINGKASAN ............................................................................................................. vii
SUMMARY................................................................................................................ viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................................. xi
CHAPTHER I : INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ............................................................ 1
B. Literature Review ......................................................................... 4
C. Problem Statement ....................................................................... 5
D. Limitation of the Study ................................................................ 5
E. Objectives of the Study ................................................................ 5
F. Benefits of the Study .................................................................... 6
G. Research Method .......................................................................... 6
H. Research Organization .................................................................. 7
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................................... 9
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic Theory ................................................. 9
B. Structure of Personality ............................................................ 10
1. Id ......................................................................................... 10
2. Ego...................................................................................... 10
3. Supergo ............................................................................... 11
C. Murder ..................................................................................... 12
1. Theory of Murder ............................................................... 12
2. Kind of Murder.................................................................... 13
D. Structural element of Fiction .................................................... 14
xi
1. Character and Characterization .............................................. 14
2. Plot.......................................................................................... 14
3. Setting..................................................................................... 15
4. Point of View.......................................................................... 16
5. Theme ..................................................................................... 16
6. Style ........................................................................................ 17
E. Theoretical Application ............................................................... 17
CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .......................................................... 18
A. Structural Element of Fiction ................................................. 18
1. Character and Characterization ................................................ 18
a. Major Character .................................................................... 18
b. Minor Character.................................................................... 21
2. Setting ...................................................................................... 27
a. Setting of Place .................................................................... 28
b. Setting of Time .................................................................... 33
3. Plot ........................................................................................... 34
a. Beggining .............................................................................. 34
b. Middle................................................................................... 34
c. End ........................................................................................ 35
4. Point of View ........................................................................... 35
5. Theme........................................................................................ 36
5. Style ......................................................................................... 37
a. Grammatical Structure ......................................................... 37
b. Sentence Construction ......................................................... 38
c. Diction .................................................................................. 38
d. Figurative Language ............................................................. 39
B. Discussion .................................................................................... 39
CHAPTER IV : PSYCOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ................................................... 44
A. Structure of Personality.......................................................... 44
1. Id ............................................................................................ 44
2. Ego ......................................................................................... 49
3. Superego ................................................................................ 52
xii
B. Murder ....................................................................................... 53
C. Discussion ................................................................................... 55
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL AND SUGGESTION .............. 61
A. Conclusion ................................................................................... 61
B. Pedagogical Implication ............................................................... 62
C. Suggestion .................................................................................... 63
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiii