PROS Yoga Aji H. Venny S. Jodelin M Indah W Photodynamic Abstrak

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Photodynamic Therapy: An Additional Option for Cancer

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Yoga Aji Handoko\ Venny Santosa , Jodelin Muninggar , lndah Wulaningsih 1
1

The Faculty of Health Sciences, Satya Wacana Christian Unwersity, Indonesia
2
Department of Molecular Biology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan

ABSTRACT
There are some kinds of cancer therapy, such as: chemo, radiation, surgery, hormone,
and immunotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment consisting three
components, i.e. light, oxygen, and photosensitiser drug. Photosensitisers are chemical
compounds which are able to absorb energy from a light of specific wavelength (infra

red) and use this energy to stimulate chemical reactions in cells and body tissues. In this
treatment, the target tissue is exposed to the light, which is suitable for exciting the
photosensitiser. The photosensitiser is excited from a ground singlet state to an excited
singlet state. It then undergoes intersystem crossing to a longer-lived excited triplet
state. This triplet state will react with ground triplet state of molecular oxygen, creating
singlet oxygen. Singlet oxygen rapidly destructs nearby biomolecules. Significantly, the
specific targets depend on the photosensitiser, hence determined the affectivity and
efficiency of the treatment. There has been many sensitizer developed, among them is
porphyrin, bacteriochlorophyll, and its derivates. To date, this therapy is widely used to
treat patients who are suffered from bladder, head, neck, and esophagus cancers. Some
researchers reported that the therapy could achieve 90% effectiveness, or even more.
Hence, this therapy could be a promising therapy to cure people who suffered from
cancer. However, this treatment shows side effects, i.e.: skin photosensitivity and renal
problems. There is a long way for this treatment to become patented, trustworthy
treatment and therefore, further investigation and promotion are highly needed. In
conclusion, each therapy has advantages} limitation and side effects. The best treatment
should be determined to minimize the possibility of malpractice.
Keywords: photodynamic therapy, light, oxygen, photosensitiser, bacteriochlorophyll,
malpractice

Presented in the First Asia Pacific Conference on Health law, Manado, May 19-22, 2010
Correspondence author:

Kartini campus- Jl. Kartini No. 11 A, Salatiga 50711, Central Java, Indonesia
e-mail: yoga_handoko@yahoo.co.id I yoga.handoko@staff.uksw.edu