DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005): DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH.
DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB
MARSHALL’S MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree Education
in English Department
by:
NUNIK NILASARI
A 320060162
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
APPROVAL
DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S
MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
Written by:
NUNIK NILASARI
A 320 060 162
Approved to be Examined by
Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.
NIK. 589
NIK.
i
ACCEPTANCE
DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S
MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On
The Board of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
(
)
(
)
(
)
Chairperson
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. S.
Member I
3. M. Thoyibi, M.S
Member II
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean
Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK. 547
ii
TESTIMONY
In this occasion, the writer states that there is no work had been submitted to
get bachelor degree in any University in this research paper and as far the writer
concerns there is no work or opinion had been written or published by someone else
except the written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography. If only there will be any incorrectness proven in the future in the
writer’s statement above, the writer will be fully responsible for that.
Surakarta, Februari 2011
NUNIK NILASARI
NIM: A 320060162
iii
MOTTO
God does not give what we want, he gives what we need
Love your mother and Allah will love you more
Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If
you love what you are doing you will be successful
(Albert Schweilzer)
iv
DEDICATION
Wholeheartedly, the writer dedicates this research paper to:
Her beloved father and mother
Her beloved grandpa in heaven
Her lovely sister and brothers
Her beloved “The One”
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Alhamdulillah Rabbil ‘alamin, the writer thanks to Allah SWT, the Most
Merciful, the Most Beneficent, and the Eternal Owner of Sovereignty, that who
blessed the writer sothat she can finally accomplish this research paper as a partial
fulfillment of the requirement for getting Bachelor Degree of Education Praise to our
revolutioner, The Prophet Muhammad, a glory person who gives his blessing to his
masses in the next day.
In addition, the writer would like to say her great gratitude to everyone given
their advice, helps, and supports and accomplishing this research paper. Thus, the
writer like to express her great gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Drs. H. sofyan Anif, M.Si. as the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S. as the Chief of English Department in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum. as the First Consultant, for the
greates guidance, attention, and spirit from the very beginning up to the
completion of the research paper.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S. as the Second Consultant who has improved the
research’s writing in order to make this research paper more interesting to
read in correct sentences.
5. All the lecturers of English Department, for giving such worthy
knowledge, may Allah repays their kindness and generosity.
6. All the staffs of UMS, for the services and helping.
vi
7. All the librarians of UMS, whose place has been visited by researcher to
get the data.
8. Her beloved father and mother, who give unlimited love, trust, care,
great attention, enormous pray, and excessive motivation.
9. Her lovely sister and brothers Linda, Panji, and Atta the writer hopes
that they could be more diligent and joyful.
10. Her friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Last but not least, the writer realizes that this research is far from being
perfect. Therefore, the writer would like to invite the readers to give comments and
suggestions this research better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta,
vii
Februari 2011
Nunik Nilasari
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE …………………………………………………………………………………i
APPROVAL ………………………………………………………………………….ii
ACCEPTANCE …………………………………………...………………………...iii
TESTIMONY …………………………………………………………..…….……..iv
MOTTO ……………………………………………………………..…………….....v
DEDICATION ………………………………………………………………..……..vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT …………………………………………………………...vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ………………………………………………………….....ix
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………...1
A. Background of the Study ………………………………………… 1
B. Literature Review ………………………………………………..12
C. Problem Statement ………………………………………………13
D. Objectives of the Study …………………………………………14
E. Limitation of the Study …………………………………………..14
F. Benefit of the Study …………..………………………………….14
G. Research Method ……………………………………………...…15
H. Research Organization …………………………………………..16
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ……………………………………….18
A. Psychoanalytic Theory …………………………………………..18
B. Structure of Personality ………………………………………….19
1. Id …………………………………………………………….19
viii
2. Ego …………………………………………………………...20
3. Superego …………………………………………………….21
C. Defense Mechanism ………………………………………….….22
1. Repression …………………………………………………...24
2. Sublimation ………………………………………………….26
3. Displacement ……………………………………………..…26
4. Denial …………………………………………………….…27
5. Reaction Formation …………………………………….…...27
6. Intellectualization …………………………………………...28
7. Projection …………………………………………………...28
8. Fixation ……………………………………………………..29
9. Regression …………………………………………………..30
10. Undoing and Isolation ………………………………………30
D. Structural Elements of the Movie ……………………………….31
1. Narrative Elements ………………………………………….31
a. Character and Characterization …………………………31
b. Setting ………………………………………………..…32
c. Plot ……………………………………………………...32
2. Technical Elements
a. Casting …………………………………………...….32
b. Mise_en_Scene ………………………………....…....33
c. Cinematography ………………………………….….34
d. Point of View ………………………………………..35
e. Editing ……………………………………………....35
f. Sound ……………………………………………….35
ix
g. Theme ………………………………………………35
E. Theoretical Application………………………………………….36
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ………………………………...…37
A. Narrative Elements of the Movie ………………………………37
1. Characters and Characterization …………………………….37
2. Setting ……………………………………………………….49
3. Plot …………………………………………………………..52
B. Technical Elements of the Movie …………………………...…..56
1. Casting ………………………………………………………56
2. Mise_en_Scene ………………………………………………57
3. Cinematography ……………………………………………..62
4. Point of View ………………………………………………..67
5. Editing …………………………………………………….…68
6. Sound ………………………………………………………..69
7. Theme ………………………………………………………..70
C. Discussion ……………………………………………………….70
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ……………………….……73
A. Structure of Sayuri’s Personallity ………………………………73
1. Sayuri’s Id …………………………………………………..73
2. Sayuri’s Ego ………………………………………………...74
3. Sayuri’s Superego …………………………………………..75
B. Defense Mechanism …………………………………………….77
1. Repression …………………………………………………..77
x
2. Sublimation ………………………………………………….78
3. Displacement ………………………………………………..79
4. Denial …………………………………………………….....80
5. Reaction Formation …………………………………………81
6. Intellectualization …………………………………………...82
7. Projection …………………………………………………...82
8. Fixation ……………………………………………………..83
9. Regression …………………………………………………..84
10. Undoing and Isolation ………………………………………85
C. Discussion ……………………………………………………....86
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ……………………….....89
A. Conclusion ……………………………………………………...89
B. Suggestion ……………………………………………………....90
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCE
APPENDIX
xi
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Sayuri …………………………………………………………………… 38
Figure 2. The Chairman …………………………………………………………… 40
Figure 3. Hatsumomo ……………………………………………………………… 41
Figure 4. Mameha …………………………………………………………………. 43
Figure 5. Pumpkin …………………………………………………………………. 44
Figure 6. Nobu ……………………………………………………………………... 45
Figure 7. Chiyo …………………………………………………………………….. 46
Figure 8. Auntie ……………………………………………………………………. 47
Figure 9. Mother …………………………………………………………………… 48
Figure 10. Koichi ……………………………………………………………………49
Figure 11. Yoroido, Japan, Chiyo’s House …………………………………………50
Figure 12. Okiya House ……………………………………………………………. 50
Figure 13. Mameha’s House ……………………………………………………….. 51
Figure 14. Tea House ………………………………………………………………. 51
Figure 15. Dr Crab’s House …………………………………………………………52
Figure 16. Sayuri’s Daily Costume (Basic Kimono) ………………………………. 58
Figure 17. Sayuri in Kimono ………………………………………………………..58
Figure 18. The Chairman’s Daily Costume………………………………………….58
Figure 19. Hatsumomo’s Daily Costume …………………………………………....59
Figure 20. Hatsumomo in Kimono ………………………………………………….59
Figure 21. Mameha in Daily Costume ………………………………………………60
Figure 22. Mameha in Kimono ……………………………………………………...60
xii
Figure 23. Dark Light Used When Sayuri Sold by Her Father ……………………...61
Figure 24. Bright Light Used in Okiya House ……………………………………..61
Figure 25. Bright Light When Sayuri Cry at the Street …………………………....62
Figure 26. Bright Light When Sayuri and Pumkin Go to Geisha School ………….62
Figure 27. Straight on Angle ……………………………………………………….63
Figure 28. High Angle ……………………………………………………………...64
Figure 29. Low Angle ……………………………………………………………...64
Figure 30. Extreme Long Shot ……………………………………………………..64
Figure 31. Long Shot ………………………………………………………………65
Figure 32. Medium Long Shot ……………………………………………………..65
Figure 33. Medium Shot ……………………………………………………………65
Figure 34. Medium Close Up ………………………………………………………66
Figure 35. Close Up ………………………………………………………………..66
Figure 36. Extreme Close Up ……………………………………………………….66
Figure 37. Shot 1 …………………………………………………………………....67
Figure 38. Shot 2 …………………………………………………………………...68
Figure 39. Shot 1 ……………………………………………………………………68
Figure 40. Shot 2 ……………………………………………………………………68
Figure 41. Shot 1 ……………………………………………………………………69
Figure 42. Shot 2 ……………………………………………………………………69
xiii
ABSTRACT
NUNIK NILASARI. A 320060162. DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S
PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA (2005)
MOVIE:
PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH.
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2011.
The research is aimed to analyze defense mechanism in a movie with the title
Memoirs of a Geisha (2005) with psychoanalytic approach. There are two objectives:
the first is to analyze the movie in term of structural elements, and the second is to
analyze defense mechanism of the major character of the movie based on
Psychoanalytic Approach.
The writer employs the qualitative research method. There are two kinds of
data namely the primary data and the secondary data. The primary data are the movie
and the secondary data sources are some books, internet, and articles related to the
subject. The technique of data collection in this research is library research and the
technique of the data analysis is descriptive technique.
Based on the analysis, the writer draws some conclusion as follows. First, the
researcher concludes that defense mechanism rises because of drives from system
personality. When id wants to satisfy soon, superego must consider with moral it will
arise conflict in the personality. Then if the conflict cannot be solved, it raises the
defense mechanism and the person will be suffering.
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.)
NIK.
Dean
(Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si)
NIK. 547
xiv
(Titis Setyabudi, S.Si.)
NIK.
MARSHALL’S MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree Education
in English Department
by:
NUNIK NILASARI
A 320060162
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
APPROVAL
DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S
MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
Written by:
NUNIK NILASARI
A 320 060 162
Approved to be Examined by
Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S.
NIK. 589
NIK.
i
ACCEPTANCE
DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S
MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA MOVIE (2005):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On
The Board of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
(
)
(
)
(
)
Chairperson
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. S.
Member I
3. M. Thoyibi, M.S
Member II
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean
Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK. 547
ii
TESTIMONY
In this occasion, the writer states that there is no work had been submitted to
get bachelor degree in any University in this research paper and as far the writer
concerns there is no work or opinion had been written or published by someone else
except the written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography. If only there will be any incorrectness proven in the future in the
writer’s statement above, the writer will be fully responsible for that.
Surakarta, Februari 2011
NUNIK NILASARI
NIM: A 320060162
iii
MOTTO
God does not give what we want, he gives what we need
Love your mother and Allah will love you more
Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If
you love what you are doing you will be successful
(Albert Schweilzer)
iv
DEDICATION
Wholeheartedly, the writer dedicates this research paper to:
Her beloved father and mother
Her beloved grandpa in heaven
Her lovely sister and brothers
Her beloved “The One”
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Alhamdulillah Rabbil ‘alamin, the writer thanks to Allah SWT, the Most
Merciful, the Most Beneficent, and the Eternal Owner of Sovereignty, that who
blessed the writer sothat she can finally accomplish this research paper as a partial
fulfillment of the requirement for getting Bachelor Degree of Education Praise to our
revolutioner, The Prophet Muhammad, a glory person who gives his blessing to his
masses in the next day.
In addition, the writer would like to say her great gratitude to everyone given
their advice, helps, and supports and accomplishing this research paper. Thus, the
writer like to express her great gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Drs. H. sofyan Anif, M.Si. as the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S. as the Chief of English Department in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum. as the First Consultant, for the
greates guidance, attention, and spirit from the very beginning up to the
completion of the research paper.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S. as the Second Consultant who has improved the
research’s writing in order to make this research paper more interesting to
read in correct sentences.
5. All the lecturers of English Department, for giving such worthy
knowledge, may Allah repays their kindness and generosity.
6. All the staffs of UMS, for the services and helping.
vi
7. All the librarians of UMS, whose place has been visited by researcher to
get the data.
8. Her beloved father and mother, who give unlimited love, trust, care,
great attention, enormous pray, and excessive motivation.
9. Her lovely sister and brothers Linda, Panji, and Atta the writer hopes
that they could be more diligent and joyful.
10. Her friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Last but not least, the writer realizes that this research is far from being
perfect. Therefore, the writer would like to invite the readers to give comments and
suggestions this research better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta,
vii
Februari 2011
Nunik Nilasari
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE …………………………………………………………………………………i
APPROVAL ………………………………………………………………………….ii
ACCEPTANCE …………………………………………...………………………...iii
TESTIMONY …………………………………………………………..…….……..iv
MOTTO ……………………………………………………………..…………….....v
DEDICATION ………………………………………………………………..……..vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT …………………………………………………………...vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ………………………………………………………….....ix
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………...1
A. Background of the Study ………………………………………… 1
B. Literature Review ………………………………………………..12
C. Problem Statement ………………………………………………13
D. Objectives of the Study …………………………………………14
E. Limitation of the Study …………………………………………..14
F. Benefit of the Study …………..………………………………….14
G. Research Method ……………………………………………...…15
H. Research Organization …………………………………………..16
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ……………………………………….18
A. Psychoanalytic Theory …………………………………………..18
B. Structure of Personality ………………………………………….19
1. Id …………………………………………………………….19
viii
2. Ego …………………………………………………………...20
3. Superego …………………………………………………….21
C. Defense Mechanism ………………………………………….….22
1. Repression …………………………………………………...24
2. Sublimation ………………………………………………….26
3. Displacement ……………………………………………..…26
4. Denial …………………………………………………….…27
5. Reaction Formation …………………………………….…...27
6. Intellectualization …………………………………………...28
7. Projection …………………………………………………...28
8. Fixation ……………………………………………………..29
9. Regression …………………………………………………..30
10. Undoing and Isolation ………………………………………30
D. Structural Elements of the Movie ……………………………….31
1. Narrative Elements ………………………………………….31
a. Character and Characterization …………………………31
b. Setting ………………………………………………..…32
c. Plot ……………………………………………………...32
2. Technical Elements
a. Casting …………………………………………...….32
b. Mise_en_Scene ………………………………....…....33
c. Cinematography ………………………………….….34
d. Point of View ………………………………………..35
e. Editing ……………………………………………....35
f. Sound ……………………………………………….35
ix
g. Theme ………………………………………………35
E. Theoretical Application………………………………………….36
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ………………………………...…37
A. Narrative Elements of the Movie ………………………………37
1. Characters and Characterization …………………………….37
2. Setting ……………………………………………………….49
3. Plot …………………………………………………………..52
B. Technical Elements of the Movie …………………………...…..56
1. Casting ………………………………………………………56
2. Mise_en_Scene ………………………………………………57
3. Cinematography ……………………………………………..62
4. Point of View ………………………………………………..67
5. Editing …………………………………………………….…68
6. Sound ………………………………………………………..69
7. Theme ………………………………………………………..70
C. Discussion ……………………………………………………….70
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ……………………….……73
A. Structure of Sayuri’s Personallity ………………………………73
1. Sayuri’s Id …………………………………………………..73
2. Sayuri’s Ego ………………………………………………...74
3. Sayuri’s Superego …………………………………………..75
B. Defense Mechanism …………………………………………….77
1. Repression …………………………………………………..77
x
2. Sublimation ………………………………………………….78
3. Displacement ………………………………………………..79
4. Denial …………………………………………………….....80
5. Reaction Formation …………………………………………81
6. Intellectualization …………………………………………...82
7. Projection …………………………………………………...82
8. Fixation ……………………………………………………..83
9. Regression …………………………………………………..84
10. Undoing and Isolation ………………………………………85
C. Discussion ……………………………………………………....86
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ……………………….....89
A. Conclusion ……………………………………………………...89
B. Suggestion ……………………………………………………....90
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCE
APPENDIX
xi
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Sayuri …………………………………………………………………… 38
Figure 2. The Chairman …………………………………………………………… 40
Figure 3. Hatsumomo ……………………………………………………………… 41
Figure 4. Mameha …………………………………………………………………. 43
Figure 5. Pumpkin …………………………………………………………………. 44
Figure 6. Nobu ……………………………………………………………………... 45
Figure 7. Chiyo …………………………………………………………………….. 46
Figure 8. Auntie ……………………………………………………………………. 47
Figure 9. Mother …………………………………………………………………… 48
Figure 10. Koichi ……………………………………………………………………49
Figure 11. Yoroido, Japan, Chiyo’s House …………………………………………50
Figure 12. Okiya House ……………………………………………………………. 50
Figure 13. Mameha’s House ……………………………………………………….. 51
Figure 14. Tea House ………………………………………………………………. 51
Figure 15. Dr Crab’s House …………………………………………………………52
Figure 16. Sayuri’s Daily Costume (Basic Kimono) ………………………………. 58
Figure 17. Sayuri in Kimono ………………………………………………………..58
Figure 18. The Chairman’s Daily Costume………………………………………….58
Figure 19. Hatsumomo’s Daily Costume …………………………………………....59
Figure 20. Hatsumomo in Kimono ………………………………………………….59
Figure 21. Mameha in Daily Costume ………………………………………………60
Figure 22. Mameha in Kimono ……………………………………………………...60
xii
Figure 23. Dark Light Used When Sayuri Sold by Her Father ……………………...61
Figure 24. Bright Light Used in Okiya House ……………………………………..61
Figure 25. Bright Light When Sayuri Cry at the Street …………………………....62
Figure 26. Bright Light When Sayuri and Pumkin Go to Geisha School ………….62
Figure 27. Straight on Angle ……………………………………………………….63
Figure 28. High Angle ……………………………………………………………...64
Figure 29. Low Angle ……………………………………………………………...64
Figure 30. Extreme Long Shot ……………………………………………………..64
Figure 31. Long Shot ………………………………………………………………65
Figure 32. Medium Long Shot ……………………………………………………..65
Figure 33. Medium Shot ……………………………………………………………65
Figure 34. Medium Close Up ………………………………………………………66
Figure 35. Close Up ………………………………………………………………..66
Figure 36. Extreme Close Up ……………………………………………………….66
Figure 37. Shot 1 …………………………………………………………………....67
Figure 38. Shot 2 …………………………………………………………………...68
Figure 39. Shot 1 ……………………………………………………………………68
Figure 40. Shot 2 ……………………………………………………………………68
Figure 41. Shot 1 ……………………………………………………………………69
Figure 42. Shot 2 ……………………………………………………………………69
xiii
ABSTRACT
NUNIK NILASARI. A 320060162. DEFENSE MECHANISM OF SAYURI’S
PROBLEM IN ROB MARSHALL’S MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA (2005)
MOVIE:
PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH.
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2011.
The research is aimed to analyze defense mechanism in a movie with the title
Memoirs of a Geisha (2005) with psychoanalytic approach. There are two objectives:
the first is to analyze the movie in term of structural elements, and the second is to
analyze defense mechanism of the major character of the movie based on
Psychoanalytic Approach.
The writer employs the qualitative research method. There are two kinds of
data namely the primary data and the secondary data. The primary data are the movie
and the secondary data sources are some books, internet, and articles related to the
subject. The technique of data collection in this research is library research and the
technique of the data analysis is descriptive technique.
Based on the analysis, the writer draws some conclusion as follows. First, the
researcher concludes that defense mechanism rises because of drives from system
personality. When id wants to satisfy soon, superego must consider with moral it will
arise conflict in the personality. Then if the conflict cannot be solved, it raises the
defense mechanism and the person will be suffering.
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.)
NIK.
Dean
(Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si)
NIK. 547
xiv
(Titis Setyabudi, S.Si.)
NIK.