Study Guide Basic Anatomy Semester I 21 September 2015
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Table of Contens
1
Introduction
2
Planner team & Lecturers
3
Facilitators
4
Time Table (Regular Class)
5
Time Table (English Class)
7
Meeting of the students’ representative
9
Assessment Method
10
Student’s Project
10
Learning Programs
11
Curriculum Mapping
24
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
1
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
INTRODUCTION
Anatomy is the basic medical science dealing with the structure and function of the
human body. To perform an “anatomy” was to make a “dissection”; the two words are no
longer synonymous. Dissection has remained a technique, anatomy has become a field of
study.
An antomy course includes a description of the parts of the body or its organs, and a
discussion of the basic function of these parts or organs. When the word anatomy is used
without qualification it is gross anatomy theat is generally meant, but the discipline includes
other anatomical sciences such as Histology, Cytology, Neuroanatomy and Embryology.
In this course you will be learning anatomy by practicing the art of observation, by
palpation, and by identification of the structure of predissected specimens.
Specimens are divided according to regional (or topographical) anatomy into: upper
and lower limb, head and neck, back, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. However from the
functional point of view, it is helpful to consider the parts and organs of the body systems,
and this course you will be learning anatomy of the following systems of the body: skeletal,
muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary and genital.
During your work in the dissecting room you will be asked to:
- Wear a white coat
- Use forceps and probes when pointing to a structure on the specimen
- Handle specimens with great care in order to preserve their fine structure
You should not pull any parts of the tissue or apply force when handling specimens.
It is a useful habit to wear just one rubber or plastic glove and to hold the forceps in this
hand; this leaves the other hand free to handle notes, atlas, or textbook.
During these practical classes you will be expected to record certain observationseither as labels or sketches. The only thing we insist on is that you record the information on
something so that you can use it in discussion and in revision sessions. You will find your
textbook and a anatomical atlas to be very useful in these practicals.
Planners
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
2
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
PLANERS TEAM
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
Name
dr. I Nyoman Gede Wardana, M.Biomed (WR)
Prof.Dr.dr. Nyoman Mangku Karmaya,
M.Repro.,PA(K),FIASS (MK)
dr. I Gusti Ayu Widianti, M.Biomed (WD)
dr. Muliani, M.Biomed (MUL)
dr. Yuliana, M.Biomed (YUL)
dr. Wayan Suarya, PAK (SY)
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
Department
Phone
Anatomy
087860405625
Anatomy
0811387105
Anatomy
08123921765
Anatomy
085103043575
Anatomy
085792652367
Anatomy
081214484442
3
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
FACILITATORS
(REGULAR CLASS)
NO
NAME
GROUP
DEPT
1
dr. Dewa Gde Mahiswara
Suadiatmika, Sp.Rad
dr. Gusti Ngurah Mayun, Sp.HK
1
Radiology
2
Histology
dr. I Gde Haryo Ganesha,
S.Ked
dr. I Nyoman Gede Wardana, M
Biomed
dr. I Putu Bayu Mayura, S.Ked
3
DME
4
Anatomy
5
Microbiology
Dr.dr. Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Duarsa, M.Si
dr. Ni Luh Ariwati
6
Public Health
7
Parasitology
dr. Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini,
M Biomed
dr. Cynthia Dewi Sinardja,
Sp.An
dr. I Gusti Ayu Sri Darmayani,
Sp.OG
8
Biochemistry
9
Anasthesi
10
DME
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
PHONE
08123846307
08155715359
081805391039
087860405625
082236165801
0818357777
08123662311
081239990399
085100874785
081338644411
VENUE
2nd floor:
R.2.01
2nd floor:
R.2.02
2nd floor:
R.2.03
2nd floor:
R.2.04
2nd floor:
R.2.05
2nd floor:
R.2.06
2nd floor:
R.2.07
2nd floor:
R.2.08
2nd floor:
R.2.21
2nd floor:
R.2.22
FACILITATORS
(ENGLISH CLASS)
NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
dr. I Gusti Ayu Indah Ardani,
Sp.KJ
dr. Ida Ayu Kusuma Wardani,
Sp.KJ, MARS
Dr.dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes
Prof. dr. Nyoman Agus Bagiada,
Sp.Biok
dr. Tjokorda Gde Oka, MS,
Sp.PK
dr. I Wayan Losen Adnyana, Sp
PD
dr. I Gusti Ngurah
Pramesemara , M.Biomed
dr. Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati ,
Sp.MK, Ph.D
dr I Gusti Agung Gede Utara
Hartawan, Sp.An, MARS
Dr. dr. I Dewa Made Sukrama,
MSi, Sp.MK(K)
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
GROUP
1
DEPT
Psychiatry
2
Psychiatry
3
Pharmacology
4
Biochemistry
5
6
Clinical
Pathology
Interna
7
Andrology
8
Microbiology
9
Anasthesi
10
Microbiology
PHONE
08123926522
08123813831
08179787972
081338338611
081999450045
08123995536
081338605087
087862200814
08123868126
081338291965
VENUE
2nd floor:
R.2.01
2nd floor:
R.2.02
2nd floor:
R.2.03
2nd floor:
R.2.04
2nd floor:
R.2.05
2nd floor:
R.2.06
2nd floor:
R.2.07
2nd floor:
R.2.08
2nd floor:
R.2.21
2nd floor:
R.2.22
4
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
TIME TABLE
REGULAR CLASS
DAY/
DATE
TIME
ACTIVITY
CONVEYER
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
08.00 - 10.00
1
Monday
21 Sep 15
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy,
General Osteology and Classification of
Muscles
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
MK
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
2
Tuesday
22 Sep 15
3
Wednesday
23 Sep 15
4
Friday
25 Sep 15
5
Monday
28 Sep 15
6
Wednesday
30 Sep 15
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
Lecture 2: The Appendicular Skeleton
Lecture 3: Axial Sekeleton
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 2 + 3
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 4: Joint & Their Accessory Ligaments
Lecture 5: Muscle of Head and Trunk
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Lecture 6: Upper Limb Muscles & Pectoral
Girdle
Lecture 7: Lower Limb Muscles & Pelvic Girdle
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 6+7
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
YUL
YUL
Team
Anatomi
MUL
MK
MUL
MUL
Team
Anatomi
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
7
Thursday
1 Oct 15
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 8: Brain & Meninges
Lecture 9: Brain Stem & Cranial Nerves
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
SY
SY
5
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
08.00 – 09.00
8
Friday
2 Oct 15
9
Monday
5 Oct 15
10
Tuesday
6 Oct 15
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 10: Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves,
Sensory System
Lecture 11: Autonomic Nervous System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 8-11
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 12: Surface Anatomy
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
11
Wednesday
7 Oct 15
SY
MK
Team
Anatomi
MK
MID TEST UNIT 1-3
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
12
Thursday
8 Oct 15
13
Friday
9 Oct 15
14
Monday
12 Oct 15
15
Tuesday
13 Oct 15
16
Thursday
15 Oct 15
17
Friday
16 Oct 15
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 –10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 13: The Heart & Great Vessels
Lecture 14: The Peripheral Vessels
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 13+14
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 15: Respiratory System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
08.00 – 10.00
Lecture 16: Gastrointestinal Tract and Its
Accessories Gland
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 15+16
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 17: Special Senses + Endocine
System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
WD
WD
Team
Anatomi
WR
WR
Team
Anatomi
YUL
6
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
18
Monday
19 Oct 15
19
Tuesday
20 Oct 15
20
Wednesday
20 Oct 15
08.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 18: Urinary System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
WD
08.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
Lecture 19: Reproductive System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 17-19
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
WD
21
Friday
23 Oct 15
Team
Anatomi
FINAL EXAM. (UNIT 4)
TIME TABLE
ENGLISH CLASS
DAY/
DATE
TIME
ACTIVITY
CONVEYER
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
1
Monday
21 Sep 15
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy,
General Osteology and Classification of
Muscles
Break
SGD
SP
MK
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
2
Tuesday
22 Sep 15
3
Wednesday
23 Sep 15
4
Friday
25 Sep 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 2: The Appendicular Skeleton
Lecture 3: Axial Sekeleton
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 2 + 3
Independent Learning
Lecture 4: Joint & Their Accessory Ligaments
Lecture 5: Muscle of Head and Trunk
Break
SGD
SP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
YUL
SY
Team
Anatomi
MUL
MK
7
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
5
Monday
28 Sep 15
6
Wednesday
30 Sep 15
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 6: Upper Limb Muscles & Pectoral
Girdle
Lecture 7: Lower Limb Muscles & Pelvic Girdle
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 5-7
MUL
MUL
Team
Anatomi
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
7
Thursday
1 Oct 15
8
Friday
2 Oct 15
9
Monday
5 Oct 15
10
Tuesday
6 Oct 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 8: Brain & Meninges
Lecture 9: Brain Stem & Cranial Nerves
Break
SGD
SP
Independent Learning
Lecture 10: Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves,
Sensory System
Lecture 11: Autonomic Nervous System
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 8-11
Independent Learning
Lecture 12: Surface Anatomy
Break
SGD
SP
11
Wednesday
7 Oct 15
SY
SY
SY
MK
Team
Anatomi
MK
MID TEST UNIT 1-3
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
12
Thursday
8 Oct 15
13
Friday
9 Oct 15
14
Monday
12 Oct 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 13: The Heart & Great Vessels
Lecture 14: The Peripheral Vessels
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 13-14
Independent Learning
Lecture 15: Respiratory System
Break
SGD
SP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
WD
WD
Team
Anatomi
WR
8
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
15
Tuesday
13 Oct 15
16
Thursday
15 Oct 15
17
Friday
16 Oct 15
18
Monday
19 Oct 15
19
Tuesday
20 Oct 15
20
Wednesday
20 Oct 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 16: Gastrointestinal Tract and Its
Accessories Gland
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 15-16
Independent Learning
Lecture 17: Special Senses + Endocine
System
Break
SGD
SP
Independent Learning
Lecture 18: Urinary System
Break
SGD
SP
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 19: Reproductive System
Break
SP
Learning Task Report
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 17-19
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
21
Friday
23 Oct 15
WR
Team
Anatomi
YUL
WD
WD
Team
Anatomi
FINAL EXAM (UNIT 4)
There are several types of learning activity:
Lecture
independent learning based on the lecture’s topic
Small group discussion to solve the learning task
Practice
Student project
Lecture will be held at room 402, while discussion rooms available at 3rd floor (room
3.09-3.17&3.19)
IMPORTANT INFORMATIONS
MEETING OF THE STUDENTS’ REPRESENTATIVE
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
9
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
In the middle of block schedule, a meeting is designed among the student
representatives of every small group discussions, facilitators, and resource persons. The
meeting will discuss the ongoing teaching learning process, quality of lecturers and
facilitators as a feedback to improve the next process. The meeting will be taken based on
schedule from Medical Education Unit.
ASSESSMENT METHOD
Assessment in this theme consists of:
SGD
: 5%
MID TEST
: 40%
FINAL EXAM.
: 40%
Student Project
: 15%
Total result will give 60% value for Block Studium Generale
STUDENT PROJECT
Each group will make a video tutorial on topics related to basic science anatomy.
This video tutorial will be collected after this course end. For group whom not
collected the student project at that time will have 0 value. The topics are:
Group A1, B1
: Anatomical Position and Body Plane
Group A2, B2
: Directional Term and Movement of the Body
Group A3, B3
: Organization of the Body
Group A4, B4
: Bone of Skull
Group A5, B5
: Bone of Upper Limb & Shoulder Girdle
Group A6, B6
: Bone of Lower Limb & Pelvic Girdle
Group A7, B7
: Vertebral Column
Group A8, B8
: Joint & Accessory Ligament
Group A9, B9
: Neuron
Group A10, B10
: Reflect
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
10
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
DAY 1: STUDIUM GENERALE
LEARNING TASK
1. To understand the system of the body
2. To understand the classification of the tissue of the body
3. To understand the anatomical terms and concepts
4. To understand the classification of bones anfd their function
5. To recognize the axial and appendicular skeleton and to understand the role of the
girdle
6. To identify the main internal organs on the models
LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
1. To proceed in the study of anatomy it is crucial to be able to recognize the tissue
types according to their appearance in the cadaver. You must be able to recognize
nerves, blood vessels (both arteries and veins), muscle tissue, and adipose and
other connective tissue (e.g fasciae, tendons, aponeuroses). When identifyng these
you should keep in mind the significance of the particular tissue at which you are
looking to body functions.
2. Revise the anatomical terms and planes and apply them to cadaver and mounted
skeleton.
3. Look at the bones of the skeleton and try to classify them according to the shape.
Long bones include bones of the limbs, clavicle and ribs. Short bones are cubical
and they are confined to the carpus and tarsus. Flat bones are thin and slightly
curved and include some of the skull bones, sternum and scapulae. Irregular bones
show a variety of shapes e.g. maxilla, ertbrae, hip bones. Sesamoid bones (=like a
seed) are nodules of bone that develop in certain tendons (i.e. patella).
4. Try to learn the names of the bones.
5. Discuss the role of the bones forming axial and appendicular skeleton.
6. With the help of your tutor examine the model of the body and try to recognize the
visceral organs of the neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 2: APPENDICULAR SKELETON
LEARNING TASK
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
11
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. Describe the bones forming the upper limb (pectoral) girdle.
2. Identify the bones of the upper limb and to be able to identify their parts and
markings.
3. Describe the bones forming the lower limb (pelvic) girdle.
4. Describe the bones of the lower limb.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
1. The shoulder region includes the scapular region at the back, the pectoral region in
the front and axilla medially. The pectoral girdle is farmed by the scapula and
clavicle. The arm is a part between the shoulder and the elbow.
Its bone, the
humerus, articulates with the scapula. Identify the borders, angles, spine, processes
and fossae of the scapula.
2. Examine a humerus and identify the shaft (diaphysis) and the epiphyseal ends.
Examine the marks caused by the attachment of muscles or fibrous sheets. Sketch
the bone, noting articular surfaces. Label your sketch with anatomical terms: head,
neck, greater and lesser tubercles, deltoid tuberosity, lateral and medial epicondyles
and condyles, capitulum and trochlea, olecranon, coronoid and radial fossae.
3. The forearm extends from the elbow to the wrist.
Its bones, the radius and ulna
articulate with the humerus at the elbow and with each other proximally and distally.
Observe the movements of these bones during pronation (the palm of the hand
faces posteriorly) and supination (anatomical position).
Identify the following features: head, neck, tuberosity and styloid process of radius,
and olecranon, trochlear notch, coronoid process, tuberosity, head and styloid
process of ulna.
4. Observe the bones of the hand: (1) the wrist or carpus (carpal bones), (2) the hand
proper or metacarpus, (3) the digits: thumb and fingers.
5. Complete a table in which you record the following information concerning each
major bone of the upper limb:
(a) name, (b) type of bone, (c) other bones
articulating with it, (d) major markings, (e) mobility.
6. The parts of the lower limb are: the hip and buttock, the thigh, the leg, and the foot
and toes.
acetabulum:
The hip bone consists of 3 parts which are fused together at the
the ilium, the ischium and the pubis.
The right and left hip bones,
together with sacrum and coccyx make up the skeleton of the pelvis.
The" two hip
bones together are called the pelvic girdle. Identify the hip bones and be able to
divide each bone into 3 parts.
Note that two pubic bones are anteriorly connected
forming the pubic symphysis (symphysis = union).
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
12
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
7. Examine the bone of the thigh,' the femur; sketch the bone noting articular surfaces
and label it with anatomical terms:
head, neck, greater, and lesser trochanter,
shaft, lateral and medial epicondyles and condyles, patellar and popliteal surfaces.
8. In the leg, the bones are the tibia medially and the fibula laterally. Identify the major
markings on the tibia as:
medial and lateral condyles, tibial tuberosity, anterior,
lateral and posterior surfaces on the shaft and medial malleolus. Identify on the
fibula: head, neck, shaft and lateral malleolus.
9. Complete a similar table as in L.A. 5 for femur, tibia and fibula.
10. Palpate articulating bony prominences on yourself and a colleague and discuss the
significance and application of the surface anatomy of bony points.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 2: AXIAL SKELETON
LEARNING TASK
1. To identify the major features of the vertebral column and the vertebrae of each
region.
2. To identify the features of the rib cage, of the sternum, and of the individual ribs.
3. To identify the bones of the skull.
4. To identify the major foramina and fossae (i.e.- those named in the learning
activities).
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
1. Observe two features of the typical vertebra:
consists of:
body and vertebral arch which
2 pedicles, 2 laminae and 7 processes:
1 spinous, 4 articular and 2
transverse.
2. Describe the features of the isolated cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Name
the distinguishing features of each.
Examine and describe the first and second
cervical vertebrae. What special functions do these bones have?
3. Make a labelled drawing of a typical cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebra and make
a list of the major functions of each part of the vertebra (discuss this with
colleagues).
4. Examine an articulated vertebral column.
column?
What accounts for the curves of the
How much movement occurs in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and
coccygeal parts of the vertebral column?
Note that in the sagital plane the
vertebral column shows the Mowing curvatures:
sacral and thoracic (convex
posteriorly) and lumbar and cervical (concave posteriorly). The sacral and thoracic
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
13
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
curvatures are present in the fetal vertebral column and are called the primary
curvatures.
5. Identify the head, neck, tubercle and shaft of a typical rib and compare it with a first
rib. Why is there a groove along the inferior martrin of the rib? In what major wavs
is the 1st rib different from (a) the 7th rib, and (b) the 12th rib?
6. Make a sketch of the sternum indicating the manubrium, body, xiphoid process and
the articular surfaces of sternum.
7. The skull: is made up of three major functional groups of bones - (a) the bones of the
brain case, (b) the bones of the special sense capsules which house the visual,
auditory and olfactory organs and (c) the bones of the masticatory apparatus.
Identify the bones of the brain case: frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, temporal
and parietal. Find the cribiform plate, optic foramen, superior orbital fissure, internal
auditory meatus and foramen magnum, and determine the main structures passing
through each of these foramina. How are the brain-case bones joined together?
8. The bones of the face function in mastication and some also serve to house special
sense organs.
Identify the maxilla, mandible, zygoma and the temporal and nasal
bones on a skull and palpate these bones and their processes on yourself and a
colleague. What are the functions of the maxilla and the zygoma?
9. Examine the base of the skull from below. What articular surfaces are present and
what is their function?
Find the large foramina for the internal carotid artery and.
internal jugular vein.
10. Make an outline drawing of the floor of the brain-case seen from above. Label the 3
cranial fossae, the pituitary fossa and the petrous temporal bone
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 4: JOINT & THEIR ACCESSORY LIGAMENT
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify cartilaginous joints and fibrous joints.
2. Identify and understand the characteristics of synovial joints.
3. Identify intracapsular and accessory extracapsular ligaments.
4. Understand the significance of bursae.
5. Understand the movements at the joints.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
14
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. A joint or articulation is a region where bones are joined to one another.
Classification of joints is based on the nature of the material between the bones: (i)
fibrous (suture and syndesmosis), (ii) cartilaginous (synchondroses and symphyses),
(iii) synovial (diarthroses)
2. Observe the different types of synovial joints:
(a) Hinge, uniaxial (elbow, ankle, interphalangeal joints)
(b) Pivot, uniaxial (proximal radio-ulnar joint)
(c) Condyloid, biaxial (metacarpophalangeal joints)
(d) Ellipsoid, biaxial, convex/concave (wrist joint)
(e) Plane or gliding, multiaxial (zygopophyseal vertebral, between heads and
tubercles of ribs and bodies of vertebrae, costal cartilages - sternum,
aeromioclavieular, between carpal and tarsal bones).
(f) Saddle, multiaxial (carpometacarpal joint of the thumb)
(g) Ball and socket, multiaxial (shoulder and hip joints)
3. List the fibrous and cartilaginous joints that are found in the axial skeleton.
4. Examine specimens and the models of the hip and knee joints and of the shoulder
and elbow joints.
Draw up a table showing the following characteristics for each
joint:(a) Type of joint
(b) Accessory extracapsular ligaments
(c) Intra-articular structures
(d) Movements
(e) Chief factors responsible for stability
5. What structures are damaged when a joint such as the shoulder joint is dislocated?
6. Discuss the types of movements that occur at the synovial joints
7. Demonstrate the movements at the: (a) shoulder joint, (b) elbow joint, (c) hip joint,
(d) knee joint.
8. Discuss the factors influencing the stability of the knee joint.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 4: MUSCLE OF HEAD AND TRUNK
LEARNING TASK
1. Describe the characteristic features of the skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles.
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
15
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
2. Describe the attachments of the skeletal muscles and to deduce the action of a
particular muscle or a group of muscles at a given point.
3. Understand the principles involved in the action (movements) of muscles.
4. Able to locate and name the main groups of muscles of the axial skeleton.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
In this introductory class on muscles you will need to refer constantly to your text or
atlas for identification of muscles. If you have attempted to identify a muscle and still have
difficulty, ask your tutor for assistance.
1. Try to describe the form- (strap, fusiform, flat, bipennate etc.) of the following
muscles on the basis of their external appearance: (a) Rectus femoris (b) Biceps
brachi (c) Sartorius (d) Palmaris longus (e) External oblique, (f) Deltoid.
2. Note the kind of attachment of each of the muscles mentioned in L.A. 1 (tendinous,
aponeurotic, etc).
3. The muscles of the trunk can be divided into groups:
(1) Postvertebral muscles: superficial layer is formed by Erector spinae, deep layer
is formed by Transversospinalis.
(2) Prevertebral
muscles of
the
posterior
abdominal wall:
Psoas
major,
Quadratus lumborum.
(3) Muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall:
External and Internal oblique,
Rectus abdominis, Transversus abdominis.
(4) Muscles of the head and neck:
Sternocleido-mastoid; Suprahyoid group
(example: digastric) Infrahyoid group (example: sternohyoid).
4. Complete a table in which you record the following information concerning each
group of identified muscles: name, kind of attachment and the main function.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 5: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES & PECTORAL GIRDLE
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the muscles of the shoulder joint.
2. Identify and give the action of the main groups of muscles of the arm.
3. To know the muscles acting on the elbow joint.
4. To know the division of the forearm muscles into flexor and extensor groups.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
16
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. The muscles of the limb can readily be divided into groups, the members of which
are in close contact, have a similar nerve supply and usually also a common
function. Try to find the groups of muscles which connect:
(a) Shoulder to the vertebral column (Trapezius, Latissimus dorsi).
(b) Shoulder
to the thoracic wall (Pectoralis
major and minor, Serratus
anterior).
(c) Shoulder to the scapula (Deltoid, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres major
and minor, Subscapularis). Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and
Teres minor reinforce the capsule of the shoulder joint acting as a
"dynamic ligament", and they are known as "rotator cuff" muscles.
2. To understand the content of the axilla.
3. To be able to identify the muscles of the flexor (Biceps brachi, Brachialis) and
extensor (Triceps brachi) compartments of the arm.
4. Try to identify the muscles producing flexion and extension of the elbow joint
(Flexion: Brachialis, Biceps Brachi, Brachioradialis; Extension: Triceps).
5. Identify the flexor-and extensor muscles of the wrist and digits. Be able to identify
superficial muscles of the flexor group (Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus.
Flexor digitorum superficialis and Flexor carpi ulnaris) and of the extensor group
(Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi
ulnaris).
6. To understand the pronation and supination of the forearm and to be able to locate
the following muscles involved in these movements: Supinator, Pronator Teres and
Pronator Quadratus.
7. To know the location of thenar and hypothenar muscles of the hand.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 5: LOWER LIMB MUSCLES & PELVIC GIRDLE
LEARNING TASK
1. To know the groups of muscles around the hip joint.
2. Identify the flexor, extensor and adductor groups of the thigh muscles.
3. Identify and to know the main function of the anterior, lateral and posterior groups of
the leg muscles.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
17
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. The lower limb is the limb of stability and its movements are limited.
The main
function of the muscles of the lower limb is locomotion. The strongest muscles are
located at the back of the hip, at the front of the thigh and at the back of the leg. Try
to identify the following groups of muscles:
(a) In front of a hip joint (Iliopsoas).
(b) Gluteal muscles (gluteus maximus).
(c) Short muscles of hip joint (as a group only).
2. Identify the extensors of the thigh located in the front of the thigh:
Sartorius and
Quadriceps (Rectus femoris, Vastus medialis, lateralis and intermedius).
Note that
the term extensors refers to their action on the knee joint.
3. Identify the adductors located on the medial side of the thigh:
Gracilis, Adductor
longus and magnus.
4. Identify the flexors located at the back of fne thigh known as Hamstring muscles:
Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus.
Note that the term flexors
refers to their action on the knee joint.
5. With the help of your text book and altas try to identify the anterior, lateral and
posterior group of muscles of the leg:
(a) Anterior group:
hallucis longus.
Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus and Extensor
Note that the main function of these muscles is
dorsiflexion of the foot. Tibialis anterior and Extensor hallucis longus will
produce inversion of the foot.
(b) Lateral group: Peroneus longus and Peroneus brevis. The main function of
these muscles is plantar flexion and eversion of the foot.
(c) Posterior group:
Gastrocnemius and Soleus (known as Triceps surae), and
Plantaris. The main function of these muscles is plantar flexion
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 7: BRAIN & MENINGES
LEARNING TASK
1. Briefly describe the origin of the central nervous system (CNS) and the composition
of its major divisions
2. Explain the meaning of the grey and white matter
3. Divide the brain into forebrain (cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus and
hypothalamus), midbrain and hindbrain (medulla oblongata, pons and cerebllum).
Emphasize that the brainstem consist of medulla oblongata, pons and the midbrain.
4. Describe the ventricular system of the brain
5. Describe the meninges of the brain and the role of cerebrospinal fluid
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
18
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
6. Describe the division of the cerebral cortex into 4 lobes and to stress the importance
of the major cortical functional areas.
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 7: BRAINSTEM, CEREBELLUM AND CRANIAL NERVES
LEARNING TASK
1. To know external anatomy of the brainstem
2. Identify the division of the cerebellum into 3 lobes and to understand its basic
function
3. Able to identify the 12 cranial nerves and to know their exit from the skull and their
main distribution and function
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 8: SPINAL CORD, PHERIPERAL NERVES AND SENSORY SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. To understand the gross anatomical features of the spinal cord, the segmentation of
the spinal cord and its basic internal features
2. To understand the functional significance of the dorsal and ventral horns, dorsal and
ventral roots and the role of the dorsal root ganglion
3. To understand the anatomical pathways from the general sensory receptors such as
touch, pressure, pain, temperature to the spinal cord and the cerebral cortex.
4. To understand the nerve supply to the limbs and the position of brachial, lumbar and
sacral nerve plexuses
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 8: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS)
LEARNING TASK
1. To know the differences between somatic and autonomic nervous system
2. To know the division of the ANS into symphathetic and parasymphatetic
components
3. To understand the role of the ganglia and preganglionic and postganglionic neurons
4. To understand the functional differences between symphatetic and para symphatetic
systems
DAY 10: SURFACE ANATOMY
LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
In this class you will be introduced to the surface anatomy related to the thorax and
abdomen. Surface anatomy is an essential part of the study of gross anatomy for every
student of the health sciences. The only good way to learn surface anatomy is by studying
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
19
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
living subjects — yourself and your colleagues. Also refer frequently to a
Skeleton. A “skin pencil” is useful for marking out outlines of structures. Revise the
anatomical terms and position.
1. In the midline palpate the suprasternal notch at the upper end of the manubrim
sterni. About 5 cm below you will feel a transverse ridge where the manubrium
meets the body of sternum (sternal angle); the second costal cartilage is at the level
of sternal angle. Sliding your fingers down the midddle line you will palpate the the
xiphoid process. The-costal margin of the ribs can he palpated as it passes
downwards and outwards. Its lower part is formed by the 10th rib which is at the
level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra and is only about 5-6 cm above the highest point of
the iliac crest of the pelvis.
2. Turn the subject around and count the thoracic spinous processes starting from the
7th cervical (vertebra prominens); spines of T1 to T4 are easy to feel, those of T5 to
T12 much more difficult. Feel the vertebral border of the scapula, note that it crosses
ribs 2-7.
3. Observe the clavicle and the shoulder. The whole of the clavicle is subcutaneous
and its medial forward convexity and lateral forward concavity can be followed to the
flat lateral end which is slightly higher than the acromion and indicates the position of
acromioclavicular joint. The curve from the neck to the shoulder are formed by the
trapezius muscle. The àcromion and the spine of the scapula are subcutaneous. The
roundness of the shoulder is due o the underlying deltoid muscle, if the muscle
wastes or the head of the humerus is dislocated the roundness is lost. The coracoid
process is palpable below the lateral third of the clavicle in a hollow between the
deltoid laterally and the pectoralis major medially. This hollow is called the
infraclavicular fossa. Above the clavicle between the trapezius laterally and the
sternocleidomâstoid medially there is the supraclavicular fossa in which the chief
structures are the subclavian vessels and trunks of the brachial plexus4. Vessels of the upper limb:
The pulsation of the following arteries may he palpated in the upper limb: (1) The
subclavian a. — in the supraclavicular fossa; (2) the axillarv a.- in the infraclavicular
fossa, (3) the brachial a.- along medial edge of biceps brachi m.; (4) radial a. palpable anterior to the distal one-third of the radius, just lateral to the tendon of
flexor carpi radialis m.; (5) ulnar a.- immediately lateral to the tendon of flexor carpi
ulnaris.
Examine the dorsal venous arch or network on the back of the hand. A number of
the veins arise from this network and curve around the radial and ulnar margins of
the forearm to ascend on the flexor aspect towards the cubital fossa. Two major vein
generally become prominent: the cephalic laterally, and the basilic medially. However
a number of accessory connections and variations in pattern may exist. At the elbow,
near the cubital fosse, the cephalic and basilic veins generally communicate via a
median cubital vein.
5. Vessels of the lower limb:
The important vessels that are accessible to palpation in the lower limb are: (1) the
fermoral a. - just below the midinguinal point; (2) the popliteal a. — felt with difficulty
in the midline of the upper half of the popliteal fossa; (3) posterior tibial a. - midway
between the medial malleolus and the tendo calcaneus.
Superficial veins of the lower limb arise from the venous arch on the dorsum of the
foot. The great saphenous vein arises from its medial aspect and at the ankle joint is
located just anterior to the medial malleolus. It then crosses the tibia and ascends
just behind its medial border to the knee. At the knee the vein is located behind the
medial border of the patella. In the thigh the vein posterior border of sartorius m. and
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
20
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
terminates aproximately 4cm. below and lateral to the pubic tubercle joining the
femoral vein.
The mammary gland: the breast remains rudimentary in the adult male; in female it
varies in size and shape in different individuals, and with age and its function state.
On the surface of the skin there are: the projectin conical nipple wich contains
circular smooth muscles, and pigmented skin called aerola.The breast itself lies in
the superficial fascia and extends from the 2nd to 6th rib. The deep surface lies
rnainlv on the pectoralis major but extends laterally on to the serratus anterior and
downwards on the sheath covering the rectus abdominis.
Draw the outline of the diaphragm: the right dome (and liver) rises to just below the
right nipple: the left dome (and fundus of stomach) to 2-3 cm below the left nipple.
The central tendon is at the level of xiphosternal junction. During vigorous inspiration
the diaphragm can descend by 5 or 10 cm, forcing abdominal viscera downwards
The apex of the lung rises above the clavicle, at the level of the neck of 1st rib.
Inferiorly the lung will be at the level of 6th costal cartilage medially, 8th rib in
midclavicular line, 10th rib in midaxillarv line and 12th rib in paravertehral line
At or below the sternal angle the trachea bifurcates into right and left bronchi. The
bifurcation is not fixed and move downwards (about 3 cm in the posture). — ect
Feel the apex beat of the heart in the 5th or 6th intercostal space just medial to the
midclavicular line. Draw the outline of the heart: right border: from the 3rd costal
cartilage to the 6th costal cartilage, about 1 cm from the right margin of sternum;
lower border: acrose the xiphosternal junction to the apex beat; left border: from the
apex to the 2nd intercostal space, about 1 cm from the left margin of sternum.
Palpate and map out on the abdomen: iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine,
posterior superior iliac spine (in the visible dimple at the level of the 2nd sacral
vertebral spine), pubic crest, inguinal ligament, costal margin and lower end of the
body of sternum. The linea alba, often a visible furrow between the right and left
rectus abdominis muscles.
Note that esophagus pierces the diaphragm at the level of T10 i.e. 7th or 8th costal
cartilage, just to the left of the median plane. The position of stomach is very
variable, most of it lies to the left of the median plane under the lower ribs, but it can
descend below umbilicus. Pylorus and the first part of the duodenum lie to the right
of the median plane, at the level of 9th rib and 1st lumbar vertebra.
The liver lies opposite 5th - 10th ribs. It curves to just below the right nipple, and
crossing the midline continues to the region of left nipple (usually the left border is
about 2-3 cm below it). Its sharp lower border crosses the pylorus and the gall
bladder and is not usually palpable.
The Spleen lies parallel to left ribs 9-10-11th in the midaxillary line and it is not
palpable unless enlarged.
The pancreas lies within the concavity of the duodenum and it is not usually
palpable.
The kidneys arise at the level of T12 and 12th rib, in front of the transverse
processes of L1 and L2 and they reach the upper part of L3. The kidneys are
usually impalpable
The Urinary bladder: if it is empty it lies below the symohysis pubis; when the
bladder is filled, the loose peritoneum gets “stripped off’ the abdominal wall anda
very full bladder can be palpated as a rounded mass above the pubis.
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 12: THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
21
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the mediastinum
2. Identify the major external features of the heart
3. Identify the features of the chambers of the heart
4. Describe the blood supply to the heart
5. Understand the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation of the heart
6. Understand the functional anatomy of the heart
7. Understand the role of the pericardium
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 12: THE PERIPHERAL VESSELS
LEARNING TASK
1. Understand the arterial system of vessels
2. Describe the main blood supply to the head and neck (also the brain), thorax and
abdomen, upper and lower limb
3. Understand the venous system of vessels including the portal circulation
4. Describe the foetal circulation and the change which takes place at birth
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 14: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. Understand the anatomy of upper respiratory passages: nasal cavities, pharynx and
larynx.
2. Understand the role of the parietal and visceral pleurae and the pleural cavity
3. Understand the anatomy of lower respiratory passages: trachea, bronchi and
bronchioles
4. Describe the function of the lungs and the chest wall during breathing
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 15: GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
LEARNING TASK
1. Describe the cavity of the mouth and pharynx
2. Identify the salivary glands
3. Understand the anatomy of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and
rectum
4. Understand the structure and function of the peritoneum and the mesenteries
5. Identify the pancreas and spleen
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 17: SPECIAL SENSES + ENDOCRINE
THE EYE AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
22
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
LEARNING TASK
1. To identify the bones forming the orbital fossa
2. To identify the layers and chambers of the eye, the lens, iris and cilliary body, and
the optic nerve
3. To identify the extrinsic ocular muscles
4. To identify and understand the distribution of cranial nerves III, IV and VI
5. To identify the blood supply to the eye and the retina
6. Briefly dexcribe the receptor cells of the retina and the transmission of the visual
sensations to the optic nerves
THE EAR
LEARNING TASK
1. To know the division into external, middle and internal ear
2. To be able to identify the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear and to
know their function
3. To describe the bony and membranous labyrinth, cochlea, vestibule and semicircular
canals
4. To understand the role of oval and round windows
5. To understand the role of the structure mentioned above in the sense of hearing and
balance
6. To understand the location of these structures within the temporal bone
7. To know the path of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem and understand its
function
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK:
- Able to describe anatomy of pituitary gland
- Able to describe anatomy of thyroid and parathyroid gland
- Able to describe anatomy of pancreas and adrenal gland
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 18: URINARY SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the kidneys and the suprarenal glands and to know their position in the
abdomen
2. Identify the anatomical structures which can be seen in sagittal section of the kidney
3. Identify the ureters and trace their course to the pelvis
4. Identify the bladder in specimens and models
5. Describe the course of the male and female urethra
6. To be able to understand the phases of micturition
7. Understand the anatomical features of female and male external genitalia
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
23
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 19: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the components of the female reproductive system: the ovaries, uterine
tubes, uterus and vagina
2. Describe the position and support of the uterus
3. Describe the anterior and posteior relations of the uterus and vagina
4. Identify the components of the male reproductive system: the testis, epididymis,
ductus deferens, seminal vesicle and prostate
5. Inderstand the transport of sperm through the male reproductive system and the
mechanism of erection
Smstr
10
9
8
7
6
5
Health Systembased Practice
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
The Cardiovascular
System and
Disorders
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Neuroscience and
neurological
disorders
(3 weeks)
Program or curriculum blocks
Senior Clerkship
Senior Clerkship
Senior Clerkship
Community-based
Evidence-based
Elective Study IV
practice
Medical Practice
(evaluation)
(4 weeks)
(2 weeks)
Special topics :
(3 weeks)
Health
Ergonomic &
Health
Environment
(2 weeks)
Medical Emergency
The Urinary
The Reproductive
(3 weeks)
System and
System and Disorders
Disorders
(4 weeks)
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
The Respiratory System
The skin & hearing Special Topic :
and Disorders
system
- Palliative med
(4 weeks)
& disorders
- Complemnt &
(3 weeks)
Alternative Med.
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
Comprehensi
ve Clinic
Orientation
(Clerkship)
+ medical
ethic
(4 weeks)
19 weeks
Elective
Study III
19 weeks
(3 weeks)
Elective
Study II
(2 weeks)
18 weeks
24
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
BCS (1 weeks)
4
3
2
1
Musculoskeletal
system &
connective tissue
disorders
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Basic microbiology
& parasitology
(3 weeks)
Basic Infection
& infectious
diseases
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Medical
communication
(3 weeks)
Basic pharmacology
(2 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Studium
Generale
and
Humaniora
(2 weeks)
Basic
Anatomy
( 4 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Alimentary
& hepatobiliary systems
& disorders
(3 Weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Immune system &
disorders
(2 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
The Endocrine
System,
Metabolism and
Disorders
(4 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Hematologic
system & disorder
& clinical
oncology
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Medical
Professionalism
(2 weeks) + medical
ethic (1 weeks)
Basic Anatomy
Pathology & Clinical
pathology (3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Behavior Change
and disorders
(3 weeks)
The cell
as biochemical
machinery
(2 weeks)
Basic
Histology
(2 weeks) &
Basic
Physiology
(3 weeks)
BCS (1
weeks)
Growth &
developme
nt
(2 weeks)
Basic
Biochemist
ry
(2 weeks)
BCS (1
weeks)
- Forensic
(3 weeks)
Clinical Nutrition and
Disorders
(2 weeks)
The Visual
system &
disorders
(2 weeks)
19 weeks
BCS (1 weeks)
Special Topic
- sexology & anti
aging
- Geriatri
-Travel medicine
(4 weeks)
BCS (1weeks)
Basic
Pharmaceutica
l medicine &
drug etics
19 weeks
(1 weeks)
Elective Study I
(2 weeks)
19 weeks
BCS (1 weeks)
19
weeks
Pendidikan Pancasila & Kewarganegaraan ( 3 weeks )
Inter Professional Education (smt 3-7)
CURRICULUM MAP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
25
Basic Anatomy
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Table of Contens
1
Introduction
2
Planner team & Lecturers
3
Facilitators
4
Time Table (Regular Class)
5
Time Table (English Class)
7
Meeting of the students’ representative
9
Assessment Method
10
Student’s Project
10
Learning Programs
11
Curriculum Mapping
24
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
1
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
INTRODUCTION
Anatomy is the basic medical science dealing with the structure and function of the
human body. To perform an “anatomy” was to make a “dissection”; the two words are no
longer synonymous. Dissection has remained a technique, anatomy has become a field of
study.
An antomy course includes a description of the parts of the body or its organs, and a
discussion of the basic function of these parts or organs. When the word anatomy is used
without qualification it is gross anatomy theat is generally meant, but the discipline includes
other anatomical sciences such as Histology, Cytology, Neuroanatomy and Embryology.
In this course you will be learning anatomy by practicing the art of observation, by
palpation, and by identification of the structure of predissected specimens.
Specimens are divided according to regional (or topographical) anatomy into: upper
and lower limb, head and neck, back, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. However from the
functional point of view, it is helpful to consider the parts and organs of the body systems,
and this course you will be learning anatomy of the following systems of the body: skeletal,
muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary and genital.
During your work in the dissecting room you will be asked to:
- Wear a white coat
- Use forceps and probes when pointing to a structure on the specimen
- Handle specimens with great care in order to preserve their fine structure
You should not pull any parts of the tissue or apply force when handling specimens.
It is a useful habit to wear just one rubber or plastic glove and to hold the forceps in this
hand; this leaves the other hand free to handle notes, atlas, or textbook.
During these practical classes you will be expected to record certain observationseither as labels or sketches. The only thing we insist on is that you record the information on
something so that you can use it in discussion and in revision sessions. You will find your
textbook and a anatomical atlas to be very useful in these practicals.
Planners
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
2
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
PLANERS TEAM
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
Name
dr. I Nyoman Gede Wardana, M.Biomed (WR)
Prof.Dr.dr. Nyoman Mangku Karmaya,
M.Repro.,PA(K),FIASS (MK)
dr. I Gusti Ayu Widianti, M.Biomed (WD)
dr. Muliani, M.Biomed (MUL)
dr. Yuliana, M.Biomed (YUL)
dr. Wayan Suarya, PAK (SY)
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
Department
Phone
Anatomy
087860405625
Anatomy
0811387105
Anatomy
08123921765
Anatomy
085103043575
Anatomy
085792652367
Anatomy
081214484442
3
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
FACILITATORS
(REGULAR CLASS)
NO
NAME
GROUP
DEPT
1
dr. Dewa Gde Mahiswara
Suadiatmika, Sp.Rad
dr. Gusti Ngurah Mayun, Sp.HK
1
Radiology
2
Histology
dr. I Gde Haryo Ganesha,
S.Ked
dr. I Nyoman Gede Wardana, M
Biomed
dr. I Putu Bayu Mayura, S.Ked
3
DME
4
Anatomy
5
Microbiology
Dr.dr. Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Duarsa, M.Si
dr. Ni Luh Ariwati
6
Public Health
7
Parasitology
dr. Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini,
M Biomed
dr. Cynthia Dewi Sinardja,
Sp.An
dr. I Gusti Ayu Sri Darmayani,
Sp.OG
8
Biochemistry
9
Anasthesi
10
DME
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
PHONE
08123846307
08155715359
081805391039
087860405625
082236165801
0818357777
08123662311
081239990399
085100874785
081338644411
VENUE
2nd floor:
R.2.01
2nd floor:
R.2.02
2nd floor:
R.2.03
2nd floor:
R.2.04
2nd floor:
R.2.05
2nd floor:
R.2.06
2nd floor:
R.2.07
2nd floor:
R.2.08
2nd floor:
R.2.21
2nd floor:
R.2.22
FACILITATORS
(ENGLISH CLASS)
NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
NAME
dr. I Gusti Ayu Indah Ardani,
Sp.KJ
dr. Ida Ayu Kusuma Wardani,
Sp.KJ, MARS
Dr.dr. I Made Jawi, M.Kes
Prof. dr. Nyoman Agus Bagiada,
Sp.Biok
dr. Tjokorda Gde Oka, MS,
Sp.PK
dr. I Wayan Losen Adnyana, Sp
PD
dr. I Gusti Ngurah
Pramesemara , M.Biomed
dr. Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati ,
Sp.MK, Ph.D
dr I Gusti Agung Gede Utara
Hartawan, Sp.An, MARS
Dr. dr. I Dewa Made Sukrama,
MSi, Sp.MK(K)
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
GROUP
1
DEPT
Psychiatry
2
Psychiatry
3
Pharmacology
4
Biochemistry
5
6
Clinical
Pathology
Interna
7
Andrology
8
Microbiology
9
Anasthesi
10
Microbiology
PHONE
08123926522
08123813831
08179787972
081338338611
081999450045
08123995536
081338605087
087862200814
08123868126
081338291965
VENUE
2nd floor:
R.2.01
2nd floor:
R.2.02
2nd floor:
R.2.03
2nd floor:
R.2.04
2nd floor:
R.2.05
2nd floor:
R.2.06
2nd floor:
R.2.07
2nd floor:
R.2.08
2nd floor:
R.2.21
2nd floor:
R.2.22
4
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
TIME TABLE
REGULAR CLASS
DAY/
DATE
TIME
ACTIVITY
CONVEYER
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
08.00 - 10.00
1
Monday
21 Sep 15
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy,
General Osteology and Classification of
Muscles
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
MK
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
2
Tuesday
22 Sep 15
3
Wednesday
23 Sep 15
4
Friday
25 Sep 15
5
Monday
28 Sep 15
6
Wednesday
30 Sep 15
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
Lecture 2: The Appendicular Skeleton
Lecture 3: Axial Sekeleton
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 2 + 3
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 4: Joint & Their Accessory Ligaments
Lecture 5: Muscle of Head and Trunk
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Lecture 6: Upper Limb Muscles & Pectoral
Girdle
Lecture 7: Lower Limb Muscles & Pelvic Girdle
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 6+7
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
YUL
YUL
Team
Anatomi
MUL
MK
MUL
MUL
Team
Anatomi
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
7
Thursday
1 Oct 15
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 8: Brain & Meninges
Lecture 9: Brain Stem & Cranial Nerves
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
SY
SY
5
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
08.00 – 09.00
8
Friday
2 Oct 15
9
Monday
5 Oct 15
10
Tuesday
6 Oct 15
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 10: Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves,
Sensory System
Lecture 11: Autonomic Nervous System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 8-11
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 12: Surface Anatomy
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
11
Wednesday
7 Oct 15
SY
MK
Team
Anatomi
MK
MID TEST UNIT 1-3
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
12
Thursday
8 Oct 15
13
Friday
9 Oct 15
14
Monday
12 Oct 15
15
Tuesday
13 Oct 15
16
Thursday
15 Oct 15
17
Friday
16 Oct 15
08.00 – 09.00
10.00 – 11.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 –10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 13: The Heart & Great Vessels
Lecture 14: The Peripheral Vessels
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 13+14
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 15: Respiratory System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
08.00 – 10.00
Lecture 16: Gastrointestinal Tract and Its
Accessories Gland
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 15+16
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
Lecture 17: Special Senses + Endocine
System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
08.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
WD
WD
Team
Anatomi
WR
WR
Team
Anatomi
YUL
6
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
18
Monday
19 Oct 15
19
Tuesday
20 Oct 15
20
Wednesday
20 Oct 15
08.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
Lecture 18: Urinary System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
WD
08.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
14.00 – 15.00
08.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 13.30
13.30 - 15.00
Lecture 19: Reproductive System
Independent Learning
SGD
BREAK
SP
Practical Lecture 17-19
Istirahat
Individual Learning
SP
WD
21
Friday
23 Oct 15
Team
Anatomi
FINAL EXAM. (UNIT 4)
TIME TABLE
ENGLISH CLASS
DAY/
DATE
TIME
ACTIVITY
CONVEYER
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
1
Monday
21 Sep 15
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy,
General Osteology and Classification of
Muscles
Break
SGD
SP
MK
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
2
Tuesday
22 Sep 15
3
Wednesday
23 Sep 15
4
Friday
25 Sep 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 2: The Appendicular Skeleton
Lecture 3: Axial Sekeleton
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 2 + 3
Independent Learning
Lecture 4: Joint & Their Accessory Ligaments
Lecture 5: Muscle of Head and Trunk
Break
SGD
SP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
YUL
SY
Team
Anatomi
MUL
MK
7
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
5
Monday
28 Sep 15
6
Wednesday
30 Sep 15
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 6: Upper Limb Muscles & Pectoral
Girdle
Lecture 7: Lower Limb Muscles & Pelvic Girdle
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 5-7
MUL
MUL
Team
Anatomi
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
7
Thursday
1 Oct 15
8
Friday
2 Oct 15
9
Monday
5 Oct 15
10
Tuesday
6 Oct 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 8: Brain & Meninges
Lecture 9: Brain Stem & Cranial Nerves
Break
SGD
SP
Independent Learning
Lecture 10: Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves,
Sensory System
Lecture 11: Autonomic Nervous System
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 8-11
Independent Learning
Lecture 12: Surface Anatomy
Break
SGD
SP
11
Wednesday
7 Oct 15
SY
SY
SY
MK
Team
Anatomi
MK
MID TEST UNIT 1-3
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
12
Thursday
8 Oct 15
13
Friday
9 Oct 15
14
Monday
12 Oct 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 13: The Heart & Great Vessels
Lecture 14: The Peripheral Vessels
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 13-14
Independent Learning
Lecture 15: Respiratory System
Break
SGD
SP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
WD
WD
Team
Anatomi
WR
8
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
15
Tuesday
13 Oct 15
16
Thursday
15 Oct 15
17
Friday
16 Oct 15
18
Monday
19 Oct 15
19
Tuesday
20 Oct 15
20
Wednesday
20 Oct 15
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 16: Gastrointestinal Tract and Its
Accessories Gland
Break
SGD
SP
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 15-16
Independent Learning
Lecture 17: Special Senses + Endocine
System
Break
SGD
SP
Independent Learning
Lecture 18: Urinary System
Break
SGD
SP
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
Independent Learning
Lecture 19: Reproductive System
Break
SP
Learning Task Report
Individual Learning
SP
Istirahat
Practical Lecture 17-19
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 11.00
11.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 13.00
13.00 – 16.00
09.00 – 10.00
10.00 – 12.00
12.00 – 12.30
12.30 – 14.00
14.00 – 16.00
21
Friday
23 Oct 15
WR
Team
Anatomi
YUL
WD
WD
Team
Anatomi
FINAL EXAM (UNIT 4)
There are several types of learning activity:
Lecture
independent learning based on the lecture’s topic
Small group discussion to solve the learning task
Practice
Student project
Lecture will be held at room 402, while discussion rooms available at 3rd floor (room
3.09-3.17&3.19)
IMPORTANT INFORMATIONS
MEETING OF THE STUDENTS’ REPRESENTATIVE
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
9
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
In the middle of block schedule, a meeting is designed among the student
representatives of every small group discussions, facilitators, and resource persons. The
meeting will discuss the ongoing teaching learning process, quality of lecturers and
facilitators as a feedback to improve the next process. The meeting will be taken based on
schedule from Medical Education Unit.
ASSESSMENT METHOD
Assessment in this theme consists of:
SGD
: 5%
MID TEST
: 40%
FINAL EXAM.
: 40%
Student Project
: 15%
Total result will give 60% value for Block Studium Generale
STUDENT PROJECT
Each group will make a video tutorial on topics related to basic science anatomy.
This video tutorial will be collected after this course end. For group whom not
collected the student project at that time will have 0 value. The topics are:
Group A1, B1
: Anatomical Position and Body Plane
Group A2, B2
: Directional Term and Movement of the Body
Group A3, B3
: Organization of the Body
Group A4, B4
: Bone of Skull
Group A5, B5
: Bone of Upper Limb & Shoulder Girdle
Group A6, B6
: Bone of Lower Limb & Pelvic Girdle
Group A7, B7
: Vertebral Column
Group A8, B8
: Joint & Accessory Ligament
Group A9, B9
: Neuron
Group A10, B10
: Reflect
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
10
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
DAY 1: STUDIUM GENERALE
LEARNING TASK
1. To understand the system of the body
2. To understand the classification of the tissue of the body
3. To understand the anatomical terms and concepts
4. To understand the classification of bones anfd their function
5. To recognize the axial and appendicular skeleton and to understand the role of the
girdle
6. To identify the main internal organs on the models
LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
1. To proceed in the study of anatomy it is crucial to be able to recognize the tissue
types according to their appearance in the cadaver. You must be able to recognize
nerves, blood vessels (both arteries and veins), muscle tissue, and adipose and
other connective tissue (e.g fasciae, tendons, aponeuroses). When identifyng these
you should keep in mind the significance of the particular tissue at which you are
looking to body functions.
2. Revise the anatomical terms and planes and apply them to cadaver and mounted
skeleton.
3. Look at the bones of the skeleton and try to classify them according to the shape.
Long bones include bones of the limbs, clavicle and ribs. Short bones are cubical
and they are confined to the carpus and tarsus. Flat bones are thin and slightly
curved and include some of the skull bones, sternum and scapulae. Irregular bones
show a variety of shapes e.g. maxilla, ertbrae, hip bones. Sesamoid bones (=like a
seed) are nodules of bone that develop in certain tendons (i.e. patella).
4. Try to learn the names of the bones.
5. Discuss the role of the bones forming axial and appendicular skeleton.
6. With the help of your tutor examine the model of the body and try to recognize the
visceral organs of the neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 2: APPENDICULAR SKELETON
LEARNING TASK
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
11
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. Describe the bones forming the upper limb (pectoral) girdle.
2. Identify the bones of the upper limb and to be able to identify their parts and
markings.
3. Describe the bones forming the lower limb (pelvic) girdle.
4. Describe the bones of the lower limb.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
1. The shoulder region includes the scapular region at the back, the pectoral region in
the front and axilla medially. The pectoral girdle is farmed by the scapula and
clavicle. The arm is a part between the shoulder and the elbow.
Its bone, the
humerus, articulates with the scapula. Identify the borders, angles, spine, processes
and fossae of the scapula.
2. Examine a humerus and identify the shaft (diaphysis) and the epiphyseal ends.
Examine the marks caused by the attachment of muscles or fibrous sheets. Sketch
the bone, noting articular surfaces. Label your sketch with anatomical terms: head,
neck, greater and lesser tubercles, deltoid tuberosity, lateral and medial epicondyles
and condyles, capitulum and trochlea, olecranon, coronoid and radial fossae.
3. The forearm extends from the elbow to the wrist.
Its bones, the radius and ulna
articulate with the humerus at the elbow and with each other proximally and distally.
Observe the movements of these bones during pronation (the palm of the hand
faces posteriorly) and supination (anatomical position).
Identify the following features: head, neck, tuberosity and styloid process of radius,
and olecranon, trochlear notch, coronoid process, tuberosity, head and styloid
process of ulna.
4. Observe the bones of the hand: (1) the wrist or carpus (carpal bones), (2) the hand
proper or metacarpus, (3) the digits: thumb and fingers.
5. Complete a table in which you record the following information concerning each
major bone of the upper limb:
(a) name, (b) type of bone, (c) other bones
articulating with it, (d) major markings, (e) mobility.
6. The parts of the lower limb are: the hip and buttock, the thigh, the leg, and the foot
and toes.
acetabulum:
The hip bone consists of 3 parts which are fused together at the
the ilium, the ischium and the pubis.
The right and left hip bones,
together with sacrum and coccyx make up the skeleton of the pelvis.
The" two hip
bones together are called the pelvic girdle. Identify the hip bones and be able to
divide each bone into 3 parts.
Note that two pubic bones are anteriorly connected
forming the pubic symphysis (symphysis = union).
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
12
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
7. Examine the bone of the thigh,' the femur; sketch the bone noting articular surfaces
and label it with anatomical terms:
head, neck, greater, and lesser trochanter,
shaft, lateral and medial epicondyles and condyles, patellar and popliteal surfaces.
8. In the leg, the bones are the tibia medially and the fibula laterally. Identify the major
markings on the tibia as:
medial and lateral condyles, tibial tuberosity, anterior,
lateral and posterior surfaces on the shaft and medial malleolus. Identify on the
fibula: head, neck, shaft and lateral malleolus.
9. Complete a similar table as in L.A. 5 for femur, tibia and fibula.
10. Palpate articulating bony prominences on yourself and a colleague and discuss the
significance and application of the surface anatomy of bony points.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 2: AXIAL SKELETON
LEARNING TASK
1. To identify the major features of the vertebral column and the vertebrae of each
region.
2. To identify the features of the rib cage, of the sternum, and of the individual ribs.
3. To identify the bones of the skull.
4. To identify the major foramina and fossae (i.e.- those named in the learning
activities).
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
1. Observe two features of the typical vertebra:
consists of:
body and vertebral arch which
2 pedicles, 2 laminae and 7 processes:
1 spinous, 4 articular and 2
transverse.
2. Describe the features of the isolated cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Name
the distinguishing features of each.
Examine and describe the first and second
cervical vertebrae. What special functions do these bones have?
3. Make a labelled drawing of a typical cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebra and make
a list of the major functions of each part of the vertebra (discuss this with
colleagues).
4. Examine an articulated vertebral column.
column?
What accounts for the curves of the
How much movement occurs in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and
coccygeal parts of the vertebral column?
Note that in the sagital plane the
vertebral column shows the Mowing curvatures:
sacral and thoracic (convex
posteriorly) and lumbar and cervical (concave posteriorly). The sacral and thoracic
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
13
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
curvatures are present in the fetal vertebral column and are called the primary
curvatures.
5. Identify the head, neck, tubercle and shaft of a typical rib and compare it with a first
rib. Why is there a groove along the inferior martrin of the rib? In what major wavs
is the 1st rib different from (a) the 7th rib, and (b) the 12th rib?
6. Make a sketch of the sternum indicating the manubrium, body, xiphoid process and
the articular surfaces of sternum.
7. The skull: is made up of three major functional groups of bones - (a) the bones of the
brain case, (b) the bones of the special sense capsules which house the visual,
auditory and olfactory organs and (c) the bones of the masticatory apparatus.
Identify the bones of the brain case: frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, temporal
and parietal. Find the cribiform plate, optic foramen, superior orbital fissure, internal
auditory meatus and foramen magnum, and determine the main structures passing
through each of these foramina. How are the brain-case bones joined together?
8. The bones of the face function in mastication and some also serve to house special
sense organs.
Identify the maxilla, mandible, zygoma and the temporal and nasal
bones on a skull and palpate these bones and their processes on yourself and a
colleague. What are the functions of the maxilla and the zygoma?
9. Examine the base of the skull from below. What articular surfaces are present and
what is their function?
Find the large foramina for the internal carotid artery and.
internal jugular vein.
10. Make an outline drawing of the floor of the brain-case seen from above. Label the 3
cranial fossae, the pituitary fossa and the petrous temporal bone
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 4: JOINT & THEIR ACCESSORY LIGAMENT
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify cartilaginous joints and fibrous joints.
2. Identify and understand the characteristics of synovial joints.
3. Identify intracapsular and accessory extracapsular ligaments.
4. Understand the significance of bursae.
5. Understand the movements at the joints.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
14
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. A joint or articulation is a region where bones are joined to one another.
Classification of joints is based on the nature of the material between the bones: (i)
fibrous (suture and syndesmosis), (ii) cartilaginous (synchondroses and symphyses),
(iii) synovial (diarthroses)
2. Observe the different types of synovial joints:
(a) Hinge, uniaxial (elbow, ankle, interphalangeal joints)
(b) Pivot, uniaxial (proximal radio-ulnar joint)
(c) Condyloid, biaxial (metacarpophalangeal joints)
(d) Ellipsoid, biaxial, convex/concave (wrist joint)
(e) Plane or gliding, multiaxial (zygopophyseal vertebral, between heads and
tubercles of ribs and bodies of vertebrae, costal cartilages - sternum,
aeromioclavieular, between carpal and tarsal bones).
(f) Saddle, multiaxial (carpometacarpal joint of the thumb)
(g) Ball and socket, multiaxial (shoulder and hip joints)
3. List the fibrous and cartilaginous joints that are found in the axial skeleton.
4. Examine specimens and the models of the hip and knee joints and of the shoulder
and elbow joints.
Draw up a table showing the following characteristics for each
joint:(a) Type of joint
(b) Accessory extracapsular ligaments
(c) Intra-articular structures
(d) Movements
(e) Chief factors responsible for stability
5. What structures are damaged when a joint such as the shoulder joint is dislocated?
6. Discuss the types of movements that occur at the synovial joints
7. Demonstrate the movements at the: (a) shoulder joint, (b) elbow joint, (c) hip joint,
(d) knee joint.
8. Discuss the factors influencing the stability of the knee joint.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 4: MUSCLE OF HEAD AND TRUNK
LEARNING TASK
1. Describe the characteristic features of the skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles.
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
15
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
2. Describe the attachments of the skeletal muscles and to deduce the action of a
particular muscle or a group of muscles at a given point.
3. Understand the principles involved in the action (movements) of muscles.
4. Able to locate and name the main groups of muscles of the axial skeleton.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
In this introductory class on muscles you will need to refer constantly to your text or
atlas for identification of muscles. If you have attempted to identify a muscle and still have
difficulty, ask your tutor for assistance.
1. Try to describe the form- (strap, fusiform, flat, bipennate etc.) of the following
muscles on the basis of their external appearance: (a) Rectus femoris (b) Biceps
brachi (c) Sartorius (d) Palmaris longus (e) External oblique, (f) Deltoid.
2. Note the kind of attachment of each of the muscles mentioned in L.A. 1 (tendinous,
aponeurotic, etc).
3. The muscles of the trunk can be divided into groups:
(1) Postvertebral muscles: superficial layer is formed by Erector spinae, deep layer
is formed by Transversospinalis.
(2) Prevertebral
muscles of
the
posterior
abdominal wall:
Psoas
major,
Quadratus lumborum.
(3) Muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall:
External and Internal oblique,
Rectus abdominis, Transversus abdominis.
(4) Muscles of the head and neck:
Sternocleido-mastoid; Suprahyoid group
(example: digastric) Infrahyoid group (example: sternohyoid).
4. Complete a table in which you record the following information concerning each
group of identified muscles: name, kind of attachment and the main function.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 5: UPPER LIMB MUSCLES & PECTORAL GIRDLE
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the muscles of the shoulder joint.
2. Identify and give the action of the main groups of muscles of the arm.
3. To know the muscles acting on the elbow joint.
4. To know the division of the forearm muscles into flexor and extensor groups.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
16
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. The muscles of the limb can readily be divided into groups, the members of which
are in close contact, have a similar nerve supply and usually also a common
function. Try to find the groups of muscles which connect:
(a) Shoulder to the vertebral column (Trapezius, Latissimus dorsi).
(b) Shoulder
to the thoracic wall (Pectoralis
major and minor, Serratus
anterior).
(c) Shoulder to the scapula (Deltoid, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres major
and minor, Subscapularis). Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and
Teres minor reinforce the capsule of the shoulder joint acting as a
"dynamic ligament", and they are known as "rotator cuff" muscles.
2. To understand the content of the axilla.
3. To be able to identify the muscles of the flexor (Biceps brachi, Brachialis) and
extensor (Triceps brachi) compartments of the arm.
4. Try to identify the muscles producing flexion and extension of the elbow joint
(Flexion: Brachialis, Biceps Brachi, Brachioradialis; Extension: Triceps).
5. Identify the flexor-and extensor muscles of the wrist and digits. Be able to identify
superficial muscles of the flexor group (Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus.
Flexor digitorum superficialis and Flexor carpi ulnaris) and of the extensor group
(Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi
ulnaris).
6. To understand the pronation and supination of the forearm and to be able to locate
the following muscles involved in these movements: Supinator, Pronator Teres and
Pronator Quadratus.
7. To know the location of thenar and hypothenar muscles of the hand.
UNIT 2: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
DAY 5: LOWER LIMB MUSCLES & PELVIC GIRDLE
LEARNING TASK
1. To know the groups of muscles around the hip joint.
2. Identify the flexor, extensor and adductor groups of the thigh muscles.
3. Identify and to know the main function of the anterior, lateral and posterior groups of
the leg muscles.
LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
17
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
1. The lower limb is the limb of stability and its movements are limited.
The main
function of the muscles of the lower limb is locomotion. The strongest muscles are
located at the back of the hip, at the front of the thigh and at the back of the leg. Try
to identify the following groups of muscles:
(a) In front of a hip joint (Iliopsoas).
(b) Gluteal muscles (gluteus maximus).
(c) Short muscles of hip joint (as a group only).
2. Identify the extensors of the thigh located in the front of the thigh:
Sartorius and
Quadriceps (Rectus femoris, Vastus medialis, lateralis and intermedius).
Note that
the term extensors refers to their action on the knee joint.
3. Identify the adductors located on the medial side of the thigh:
Gracilis, Adductor
longus and magnus.
4. Identify the flexors located at the back of fne thigh known as Hamstring muscles:
Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus.
Note that the term flexors
refers to their action on the knee joint.
5. With the help of your text book and altas try to identify the anterior, lateral and
posterior group of muscles of the leg:
(a) Anterior group:
hallucis longus.
Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus and Extensor
Note that the main function of these muscles is
dorsiflexion of the foot. Tibialis anterior and Extensor hallucis longus will
produce inversion of the foot.
(b) Lateral group: Peroneus longus and Peroneus brevis. The main function of
these muscles is plantar flexion and eversion of the foot.
(c) Posterior group:
Gastrocnemius and Soleus (known as Triceps surae), and
Plantaris. The main function of these muscles is plantar flexion
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 7: BRAIN & MENINGES
LEARNING TASK
1. Briefly describe the origin of the central nervous system (CNS) and the composition
of its major divisions
2. Explain the meaning of the grey and white matter
3. Divide the brain into forebrain (cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus and
hypothalamus), midbrain and hindbrain (medulla oblongata, pons and cerebllum).
Emphasize that the brainstem consist of medulla oblongata, pons and the midbrain.
4. Describe the ventricular system of the brain
5. Describe the meninges of the brain and the role of cerebrospinal fluid
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
18
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
6. Describe the division of the cerebral cortex into 4 lobes and to stress the importance
of the major cortical functional areas.
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 7: BRAINSTEM, CEREBELLUM AND CRANIAL NERVES
LEARNING TASK
1. To know external anatomy of the brainstem
2. Identify the division of the cerebellum into 3 lobes and to understand its basic
function
3. Able to identify the 12 cranial nerves and to know their exit from the skull and their
main distribution and function
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 8: SPINAL CORD, PHERIPERAL NERVES AND SENSORY SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. To understand the gross anatomical features of the spinal cord, the segmentation of
the spinal cord and its basic internal features
2. To understand the functional significance of the dorsal and ventral horns, dorsal and
ventral roots and the role of the dorsal root ganglion
3. To understand the anatomical pathways from the general sensory receptors such as
touch, pressure, pain, temperature to the spinal cord and the cerebral cortex.
4. To understand the nerve supply to the limbs and the position of brachial, lumbar and
sacral nerve plexuses
UNIT 3: NERVOUS SYSTEM
DAY 8: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS)
LEARNING TASK
1. To know the differences between somatic and autonomic nervous system
2. To know the division of the ANS into symphathetic and parasymphatetic
components
3. To understand the role of the ganglia and preganglionic and postganglionic neurons
4. To understand the functional differences between symphatetic and para symphatetic
systems
DAY 10: SURFACE ANATOMY
LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
In this class you will be introduced to the surface anatomy related to the thorax and
abdomen. Surface anatomy is an essential part of the study of gross anatomy for every
student of the health sciences. The only good way to learn surface anatomy is by studying
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
19
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
living subjects — yourself and your colleagues. Also refer frequently to a
Skeleton. A “skin pencil” is useful for marking out outlines of structures. Revise the
anatomical terms and position.
1. In the midline palpate the suprasternal notch at the upper end of the manubrim
sterni. About 5 cm below you will feel a transverse ridge where the manubrium
meets the body of sternum (sternal angle); the second costal cartilage is at the level
of sternal angle. Sliding your fingers down the midddle line you will palpate the the
xiphoid process. The-costal margin of the ribs can he palpated as it passes
downwards and outwards. Its lower part is formed by the 10th rib which is at the
level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra and is only about 5-6 cm above the highest point of
the iliac crest of the pelvis.
2. Turn the subject around and count the thoracic spinous processes starting from the
7th cervical (vertebra prominens); spines of T1 to T4 are easy to feel, those of T5 to
T12 much more difficult. Feel the vertebral border of the scapula, note that it crosses
ribs 2-7.
3. Observe the clavicle and the shoulder. The whole of the clavicle is subcutaneous
and its medial forward convexity and lateral forward concavity can be followed to the
flat lateral end which is slightly higher than the acromion and indicates the position of
acromioclavicular joint. The curve from the neck to the shoulder are formed by the
trapezius muscle. The àcromion and the spine of the scapula are subcutaneous. The
roundness of the shoulder is due o the underlying deltoid muscle, if the muscle
wastes or the head of the humerus is dislocated the roundness is lost. The coracoid
process is palpable below the lateral third of the clavicle in a hollow between the
deltoid laterally and the pectoralis major medially. This hollow is called the
infraclavicular fossa. Above the clavicle between the trapezius laterally and the
sternocleidomâstoid medially there is the supraclavicular fossa in which the chief
structures are the subclavian vessels and trunks of the brachial plexus4. Vessels of the upper limb:
The pulsation of the following arteries may he palpated in the upper limb: (1) The
subclavian a. — in the supraclavicular fossa; (2) the axillarv a.- in the infraclavicular
fossa, (3) the brachial a.- along medial edge of biceps brachi m.; (4) radial a. palpable anterior to the distal one-third of the radius, just lateral to the tendon of
flexor carpi radialis m.; (5) ulnar a.- immediately lateral to the tendon of flexor carpi
ulnaris.
Examine the dorsal venous arch or network on the back of the hand. A number of
the veins arise from this network and curve around the radial and ulnar margins of
the forearm to ascend on the flexor aspect towards the cubital fossa. Two major vein
generally become prominent: the cephalic laterally, and the basilic medially. However
a number of accessory connections and variations in pattern may exist. At the elbow,
near the cubital fosse, the cephalic and basilic veins generally communicate via a
median cubital vein.
5. Vessels of the lower limb:
The important vessels that are accessible to palpation in the lower limb are: (1) the
fermoral a. - just below the midinguinal point; (2) the popliteal a. — felt with difficulty
in the midline of the upper half of the popliteal fossa; (3) posterior tibial a. - midway
between the medial malleolus and the tendo calcaneus.
Superficial veins of the lower limb arise from the venous arch on the dorsum of the
foot. The great saphenous vein arises from its medial aspect and at the ankle joint is
located just anterior to the medial malleolus. It then crosses the tibia and ascends
just behind its medial border to the knee. At the knee the vein is located behind the
medial border of the patella. In the thigh the vein posterior border of sartorius m. and
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
20
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
terminates aproximately 4cm. below and lateral to the pubic tubercle joining the
femoral vein.
The mammary gland: the breast remains rudimentary in the adult male; in female it
varies in size and shape in different individuals, and with age and its function state.
On the surface of the skin there are: the projectin conical nipple wich contains
circular smooth muscles, and pigmented skin called aerola.The breast itself lies in
the superficial fascia and extends from the 2nd to 6th rib. The deep surface lies
rnainlv on the pectoralis major but extends laterally on to the serratus anterior and
downwards on the sheath covering the rectus abdominis.
Draw the outline of the diaphragm: the right dome (and liver) rises to just below the
right nipple: the left dome (and fundus of stomach) to 2-3 cm below the left nipple.
The central tendon is at the level of xiphosternal junction. During vigorous inspiration
the diaphragm can descend by 5 or 10 cm, forcing abdominal viscera downwards
The apex of the lung rises above the clavicle, at the level of the neck of 1st rib.
Inferiorly the lung will be at the level of 6th costal cartilage medially, 8th rib in
midclavicular line, 10th rib in midaxillarv line and 12th rib in paravertehral line
At or below the sternal angle the trachea bifurcates into right and left bronchi. The
bifurcation is not fixed and move downwards (about 3 cm in the posture). — ect
Feel the apex beat of the heart in the 5th or 6th intercostal space just medial to the
midclavicular line. Draw the outline of the heart: right border: from the 3rd costal
cartilage to the 6th costal cartilage, about 1 cm from the right margin of sternum;
lower border: acrose the xiphosternal junction to the apex beat; left border: from the
apex to the 2nd intercostal space, about 1 cm from the left margin of sternum.
Palpate and map out on the abdomen: iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine,
posterior superior iliac spine (in the visible dimple at the level of the 2nd sacral
vertebral spine), pubic crest, inguinal ligament, costal margin and lower end of the
body of sternum. The linea alba, often a visible furrow between the right and left
rectus abdominis muscles.
Note that esophagus pierces the diaphragm at the level of T10 i.e. 7th or 8th costal
cartilage, just to the left of the median plane. The position of stomach is very
variable, most of it lies to the left of the median plane under the lower ribs, but it can
descend below umbilicus. Pylorus and the first part of the duodenum lie to the right
of the median plane, at the level of 9th rib and 1st lumbar vertebra.
The liver lies opposite 5th - 10th ribs. It curves to just below the right nipple, and
crossing the midline continues to the region of left nipple (usually the left border is
about 2-3 cm below it). Its sharp lower border crosses the pylorus and the gall
bladder and is not usually palpable.
The Spleen lies parallel to left ribs 9-10-11th in the midaxillary line and it is not
palpable unless enlarged.
The pancreas lies within the concavity of the duodenum and it is not usually
palpable.
The kidneys arise at the level of T12 and 12th rib, in front of the transverse
processes of L1 and L2 and they reach the upper part of L3. The kidneys are
usually impalpable
The Urinary bladder: if it is empty it lies below the symohysis pubis; when the
bladder is filled, the loose peritoneum gets “stripped off’ the abdominal wall anda
very full bladder can be palpated as a rounded mass above the pubis.
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 12: THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
21
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the mediastinum
2. Identify the major external features of the heart
3. Identify the features of the chambers of the heart
4. Describe the blood supply to the heart
5. Understand the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation of the heart
6. Understand the functional anatomy of the heart
7. Understand the role of the pericardium
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 12: THE PERIPHERAL VESSELS
LEARNING TASK
1. Understand the arterial system of vessels
2. Describe the main blood supply to the head and neck (also the brain), thorax and
abdomen, upper and lower limb
3. Understand the venous system of vessels including the portal circulation
4. Describe the foetal circulation and the change which takes place at birth
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 14: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. Understand the anatomy of upper respiratory passages: nasal cavities, pharynx and
larynx.
2. Understand the role of the parietal and visceral pleurae and the pleural cavity
3. Understand the anatomy of lower respiratory passages: trachea, bronchi and
bronchioles
4. Describe the function of the lungs and the chest wall during breathing
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 15: GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
LEARNING TASK
1. Describe the cavity of the mouth and pharynx
2. Identify the salivary glands
3. Understand the anatomy of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and
rectum
4. Understand the structure and function of the peritoneum and the mesenteries
5. Identify the pancreas and spleen
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 17: SPECIAL SENSES + ENDOCRINE
THE EYE AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
22
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
LEARNING TASK
1. To identify the bones forming the orbital fossa
2. To identify the layers and chambers of the eye, the lens, iris and cilliary body, and
the optic nerve
3. To identify the extrinsic ocular muscles
4. To identify and understand the distribution of cranial nerves III, IV and VI
5. To identify the blood supply to the eye and the retina
6. Briefly dexcribe the receptor cells of the retina and the transmission of the visual
sensations to the optic nerves
THE EAR
LEARNING TASK
1. To know the division into external, middle and internal ear
2. To be able to identify the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear and to
know their function
3. To describe the bony and membranous labyrinth, cochlea, vestibule and semicircular
canals
4. To understand the role of oval and round windows
5. To understand the role of the structure mentioned above in the sense of hearing and
balance
6. To understand the location of these structures within the temporal bone
7. To know the path of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem and understand its
function
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK:
- Able to describe anatomy of pituitary gland
- Able to describe anatomy of thyroid and parathyroid gland
- Able to describe anatomy of pancreas and adrenal gland
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 18: URINARY SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the kidneys and the suprarenal glands and to know their position in the
abdomen
2. Identify the anatomical structures which can be seen in sagittal section of the kidney
3. Identify the ureters and trace their course to the pelvis
4. Identify the bladder in specimens and models
5. Describe the course of the male and female urethra
6. To be able to understand the phases of micturition
7. Understand the anatomical features of female and male external genitalia
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
23
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
UNIT 4: INTERNAL ORGANS
DAY 19: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
LEARNING TASK
1. Identify the components of the female reproductive system: the ovaries, uterine
tubes, uterus and vagina
2. Describe the position and support of the uterus
3. Describe the anterior and posteior relations of the uterus and vagina
4. Identify the components of the male reproductive system: the testis, epididymis,
ductus deferens, seminal vesicle and prostate
5. Inderstand the transport of sperm through the male reproductive system and the
mechanism of erection
Smstr
10
9
8
7
6
5
Health Systembased Practice
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
The Cardiovascular
System and
Disorders
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Neuroscience and
neurological
disorders
(3 weeks)
Program or curriculum blocks
Senior Clerkship
Senior Clerkship
Senior Clerkship
Community-based
Evidence-based
Elective Study IV
practice
Medical Practice
(evaluation)
(4 weeks)
(2 weeks)
Special topics :
(3 weeks)
Health
Ergonomic &
Health
Environment
(2 weeks)
Medical Emergency
The Urinary
The Reproductive
(3 weeks)
System and
System and Disorders
Disorders
(4 weeks)
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
The Respiratory System
The skin & hearing Special Topic :
and Disorders
system
- Palliative med
(4 weeks)
& disorders
- Complemnt &
(3 weeks)
Alternative Med.
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
Comprehensi
ve Clinic
Orientation
(Clerkship)
+ medical
ethic
(4 weeks)
19 weeks
Elective
Study III
19 weeks
(3 weeks)
Elective
Study II
(2 weeks)
18 weeks
24
Study Guide
Basic Anatomy
BCS (1 weeks)
4
3
2
1
Musculoskeletal
system &
connective tissue
disorders
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Basic microbiology
& parasitology
(3 weeks)
Basic Infection
& infectious
diseases
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Medical
communication
(3 weeks)
Basic pharmacology
(2 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Studium
Generale
and
Humaniora
(2 weeks)
Basic
Anatomy
( 4 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Alimentary
& hepatobiliary systems
& disorders
(3 Weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Immune system &
disorders
(2 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
The Endocrine
System,
Metabolism and
Disorders
(4 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Hematologic
system & disorder
& clinical
oncology
(3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Medical
Professionalism
(2 weeks) + medical
ethic (1 weeks)
Basic Anatomy
Pathology & Clinical
pathology (3 weeks)
BCS (1 weeks)
Behavior Change
and disorders
(3 weeks)
The cell
as biochemical
machinery
(2 weeks)
Basic
Histology
(2 weeks) &
Basic
Physiology
(3 weeks)
BCS (1
weeks)
Growth &
developme
nt
(2 weeks)
Basic
Biochemist
ry
(2 weeks)
BCS (1
weeks)
- Forensic
(3 weeks)
Clinical Nutrition and
Disorders
(2 weeks)
The Visual
system &
disorders
(2 weeks)
19 weeks
BCS (1 weeks)
Special Topic
- sexology & anti
aging
- Geriatri
-Travel medicine
(4 weeks)
BCS (1weeks)
Basic
Pharmaceutica
l medicine &
drug etics
19 weeks
(1 weeks)
Elective Study I
(2 weeks)
19 weeks
BCS (1 weeks)
19
weeks
Pendidikan Pancasila & Kewarganegaraan ( 3 weeks )
Inter Professional Education (smt 3-7)
CURRICULUM MAP
Udayana University Faculty of Medicine, DME, 2015
25