PENGARUH PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL BERBASIS PEMECAHAN MASALAH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 NGANTRU - Institutional Repository of IAIN Tulungagung

DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Sampul Luar ...................................................................................
Halaman Sampul Dalam ...............................................................................
Halaman Persetujuan .....................................................................................
Halaman Pengesahan ....................................................................................
Halaman Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan...........................................................
Halaman Motto ..............................................................................................
Persembahan .................................................................................................
Kata Pengantar ..............................................................................................
Daftar Isi ........................................................................................................
Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................
Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................
Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................
Abstrak ..........................................................................................................
Abstract ..........................................................................................................

i
ii
iii
iv
v

vi
vii
ix
xi
xiv
xv
xvi
xvii
xviii

‫ املخّص‬............................................................................................................

xix

BAB I : PENDAHULUAN...........................................................................

1

A. Latar Belakang ..........................................................................

1

B. Rumusan Masalah .....................................................................

14

C. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................

15

D. Hipotesis Penelitian ..................................................................

15

E. Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................

16

F. Ruang Lingkup dan Keterbatasan Penelitian ............................

17

G. Definisi Operasional .................................................................

20

H. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi ...................................................

23

BAB II : LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................

25

A. Hakikat Matematika..................................................................

25

1. Pengertian Matematika .........................................................

25

2. Karakteristik Umum Matematika..........................................

28

B. Belajar Mengajar Matematika ...................................................

31

1. Pengertian Belajar .................................................................

31

2. Pengertian Mengajar .............................................................

32

C. Pendekatan Pembelajaran Kontekstual .....................................

34

1. Pengertian Pendekatan Pembelajaran Kontekstual ...............

35

2. Prinsip Pembelajaran Kontekstual ........................................

39

3. Skenario Pembelajaran Kontekstual .....................................

42

xi

4. Langkah-langkah Pembelajaran Kontekstual .......................

43

5. Karakteristik Pembelajaran Kontekstual ..............................

44

6. Kelebihan dan kelemahan Pembelajaran Kontekstual ..........

46

7. Perbedaan Pembelajaran Kontekstual dengan Konvensional

48

D. Pemecahan Masalah.............. ...................................................

48

E. Hasil Belajar .............................................................................

54

1. Pengertian Hasil Belajar .......................................................

54

2. Ruang Lingkup Hasil Belajar ...............................................

55

3. Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Belajar ................

58

F. Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar...............................................

60

1. Pengertian Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar....................................

60

2. Mengidentifikasi Bagian-bagian Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar .

61

3. Penjelasan Kubus, Balok, Prisma, dan Limas ......................

62

4. Penerapan Pembelajaran Kontekstual ...................................

77

G. Kajian Penelitian Terdahulu ......................................................

78

H. Kerangka Berfikir......................................................................

82

BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN ...........................................................

85

A. Rancangan Penelitian ................................................................

85

1. Pendekatan dan Jenis Penelitian ...........................................

85

B. Populasi, Sampling dan sampel Penelitian ................................

87

1. Populasi .................................................................................

87

2. Sampling ...............................................................................

88

3. Sampel Penelitian .................................................................

88

C. Sumber Data, Variabel dan Skala Pengukuran..........................

89

1. Sumber Data .........................................................................

89

2. Variabel .................................................................................

90

3. Skala Pengukuran .................................................................

90

D.Teknik Pengumpulan Data dan Instrumen Penelitian ...............

92

1. Teknik Pengumpulan Data....................................................

92

2. Instrumen Penelitian .............................................................

93

E. Analisis Data ............................................................................. 100
F. Prosedur Penelitian .................................................................... 106

xii

BAB IV : HASIL PENELITIAN ................................................................ 109
A. Deskripsi Data .......................................................................... 109
B. Analisis Data ............................................................................. 112
1. Uji Instrument ........................................................................ 112
2. Uji Prasyarat .......................................................................... 117
3. Pengujian Hipotesis ............................................................... 121
C. Rekapitulasi Hasil Penelitian .................................................... 128
BAB V : PEMBAHASAN HASIL PENELITIAN .................................... 130
BAB VI : PENUTUP .................................................................................... 142
DAFTAR RUJUKAN ................................................................................. 144
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .......................................................................... 148

xiii