Analisis Pengaruh Waktu pada Proses Karburasi Terhadap Kekerasan dan Mikrostruktur Baja Karbon Menengah NS-1045

LAMPIRAN 1
HASIL PERHITUNGAN DATA PENGUJIAN BAHAN
= 1,8544
1.1 Kekerasan
Quenching

Sebelum

VHN =

Proses

= 1,8544

VHN2 = 159,860 kgf/mm2
VHN3 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

Bahan
Original
perlakuan )


(Tanpa

VHN3 = 159,860 kgf/mm2

VHN1 = 1,8544

VHN4 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN1 = 201,564 kgf/mm2

VHN4 = 159,860 kgf/mm2

VHN2 = 1,8544

VHN5 = 1,8544


= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN2 = 174,942 kgf/mm2

VHN5 = 159,860 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 1,8544

VHN6 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN3 = 187,313 kgf/mm2

VHN6 = 159,860 kgf/mm2

VHN7 = 1,8544

VHN4 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN7 = 149,548 kgf/mm2
2

VHN4 = 180,038 kgf/mm
VHN = 185,964 kgf/mm2

VHN8 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

Karburasi selama 2 jam

VHN8 = 146,015 kgf/mm2


VHN1 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN1 = 206,044 kgf/mm2

VHN9 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN9 = 159,860 kgf/mm2

VHN2 = 1,8544
VHN10 = 1,8544

Universitas Sumatera Utara

= 1,8544

VHN7 = 1,8544

VHN10 = 168,581 kgf/mm2


= 1,8544
VHN7 = 170,128 kgf/mm2

VHN = 162,934 kgf/mm2

VHN8 = 1,8544
Karburasi 4 Jam
= 1,8544

VHN1 = 1,8544

VHN8 = 178,306 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN1 = 185,440 kgf/mm2

VHN9 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN9 = 159,860 kgf/mm2


VHN2 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN2 = 173,306 kgf/mm2

VHN10 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN10 = 158,495 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

VHN = 164,703 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 155,830 kgf/mm2
Karburasi 6 Jam

VHN4 = 1,8544

VHN1 = 1,8544


= 1,8544
VHN4 = 147,174 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN1 = 164,105 kgf/mm2

VHN5 = 1,8544
VHN2 = 1,8544

= 1,8544
VHN5 = 162,666 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN2 = 178,306 kgf/mm2

VHN6 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

VHN3 = 1,8544
2


VHN6 = 155,830 kgf/mm

= 1,8544
VHN3 = 170,128 kgf/mm2

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Karburasi 8 Jam
VHN4 = 1,8544

VHN1 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN4 = 174,942 kgf/mm2

VHN1 = 180,038 kgf/mm2


VHN5 = 1,8544

VHN2 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN5 = 181,803 kgf/mm2

VHN2 = 178,306 kgf/mm2

VHN6 = 1,8544

VHN3 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544


VHN6 = 167,062 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 174,942 kgf/mm2

VHN7 = 1,8544

VHN4 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN7 = 168,581 kgf/mm2

VHN4 = 171,702 kgf/mm2

VHN8 = 1,8544

VHN5 = 1,8544


= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN8 = 178,306 kgf/mm2

VHN5 = 170,128 kgf/mm2

VHN9 = 1,8544

VHN6 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN9 = 181,803 kgf/mm2

VHN6 = 162,666 kgf/mm2

VHN10 = 1,8544

VHN7 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN10 = 180,308 kgf/mm2

VHN7 = 161,251 kgf/mm2

VHN = 174,534 kgf/mm2

VHN8 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

Universitas Sumatera Utara

VHN8 = 165,570 kgf/mm2
VHN4 = 1,8544
VHN9 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN4 = 180,038 kgf/mm2

VHN9 = 165,570 kgf/mm2
VHN = 185,964 kgf/mm2
VHN10 = 1,8544

Karburasi selama 2 jam

= 1,8544

VHN1 = 1,8544
2

VHN10 = 193,165 kgf/mm

= 1,8544
VHN1 = 240,831 kgf/mm2

VHN = 174,665 kgf/mm2

VHN2 = 1,8544
1.2

Kekerasan Sesudah Proses
Quenching menggunakan oli

= 1,8544
VHN2 = 243,999 kgf/mm2

VHN =

= 1,8544
VHN3 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

Bahan
Original
perlakuan )

(Tanpa

VHN3 = 247,252 kgf/mm2
VHN4 = 1,8544

VHN1 = 1,8544

= 1,8544
VHN4 = 247,252 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN1 = 201,564 kgf/mm2
VHN2 = 1,8544

VHN5 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN2 = 174,942 kgf/mm2
VHN3 = 1,8544

VHN5 = 228,936 kgf/mm2
VHN6 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544
2

VHN3 = 187,313 kgf/mm

Universitas Sumatera Utara

VHN6 = 226,145 kgf/mm2
VHN7 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN7 = 247,252 kgf/mm2
VHN8 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN8 = 247,252 kgf/mm2
VHN9 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN9 = 226,145 kgf/mm2

VHN4 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN4 = 237,743 kgf/mm2
VHN5 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN5 = 226,145 kgf/mm2
VHN6 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN6 = 228,936 kgf/mm2
VHN7 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

VHN10 = 1,8544

VHN7 = 237,743 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN10 = 228,936 kgf/mm2
VHN = 238,400 kgf/mm2
Karburasi 4 Jam

VHN8 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN8 = 231,800 kgf/mm2

VHN1 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN1 = 349,886 kgf/mm2

VHN9 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN9 = 223,419 kgf/mm2

VHN2 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN2 = 272,704 kgf/mm2

VHN10 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN10 = 240,830 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN3 = 254,026 kgf/mm2

VHN = 250,323 kgf/mm2
Karburasi 6 Jam
VHN1 = 1,8544

Universitas Sumatera Utara

= 1,8544
VHN1 = 280,969 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN9 = 237,743 kgf/mm2

VHN2 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN2 = 264,914 kgf/mm2

VHN10 = 1,8544
= 1,8544
VHN10 = 228,938 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 1,8544

VHN = 252,923 kgf/mm2

= 1,8544
VHN3 = 264,914 kgf/mm2

Karburasi 8 Jam
VHN1 = 1,8544

VHN4 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

= 1,8544
VHN1 = 325,332 kgf/mm2

VHN4 = 264,914 kgf/mm2
VHN2 = 1,8544
VHN5 = 1,8544
= 1,8544

= 1,8544
VHN2 = 264,914 kgf/mm2

VHN5 = 243,999 kgf/mm2
VHN6 = 1,8544

VHN3 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN6 = 261,183 kgf/mm2

VHN3 = 268,752 kgf/mm2

VHN7 = 1,8544

VHN4 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN7 = 240,831 kgf/mm2

VHN4 = 261,182 kgf/mm2

VHN8 = 1,8544

VHN5 = 1,8544

= 1,8544

= 1,8544

VHN8 = 240,831 kgf/mm2

VHN5 = 257,553 kgf/mm2

VHN9 = 1,8544

VHN6 = 1,8544

Universitas Sumatera Utara

b. Karburasi 4 Jam

= 1,8544
VHN6 = 257,553 kgf/mm2

x100%

HV=
=

VHN7 = 1,8544

=

= 1,8544

x100%
x100%

= 51,911%
2

VHN7 = 237,743 kgf/mm

c. Karburasi 6 jam
HV=

VHN8 = 1,8544

x100%

=

= 1,8544

=

VHN8 = 231,800 kgf/mm2

x100%
x100%

= 44,913%
VHN9 = 1,8544
d. Karburasi 8 Jam
= 1,8544

x100%

HV=
2

VHN9 = 231,800 kgf/mm

=
=

VHN10 = 1,8544

x100%
x100%

= 47,048%

= 1,8544
VHN10 = 231,800 kgf/mm2
VHN = 256,842 kgf/mm2
1.3 Perhitungan persentase
peningkatan kekerasan sesudah
proses quenching

Maka
besarnya
persentase
peningkatan kekerasan baja karbon
menengah
NS-1045
setelah
dilakukan proses Quenching dengan
Oli Mesran SAE 40 adalah :
HV =
HV = 47,547%

x100%

HV=
a. Karburasi 2 Jam

x100%

HV=
=
=

x100%
x100%

= 46,317%

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Tabel 1.1. Hasil Uji Kekerasan Permukaan Baja Karbon Menengah
Sebelum Proses Quenching

Diameter Bahan Uji (d) = 16 mm
Tinggi Bahan Uji (h)

= 20 mm

Suhu pemanasan (T)

= 950oC

Beban (F)

= 10 kgf

No

1

2

3

Bahan

Original

2 Jam

4 Jam

Kode
Sampel

A

B

C

Diagonal identitas

Kekerasan Vickers
(HV)kgf/mm2

D=

Hasil

(a+b)/2

kekerasan

0,300

0,304

201,564

0,327

0,327

0,327

174,942

0,313

0,320

0,316

187,313

0,321

0,321

0,321

180,038

0,301

0,301

0,301

206,044

0,341

0,341

0,341

159,860

0,342

0,342

0,342

159,860

0,342

0,342

0,342

159,860

0,342

0,342

0,342

159,860

0,342

0,342

0,342

159.860

0,353

0,353

0,353

149,548

0,376

0,339

0,357

146,015

0,342

0,342

0,342

159,860

0,335

0,329

0,332

168,581

0,317

0,317

0,317

185,440

0,328

0,328

0,328

173,306

0,345

0,345

0,345

155,830

0,355

0,355

0,355

147,174

0,338

0,338

0,338

162,666

0,345

0,345

0,345

155,830

a(mm)

b(mm)

0,308

Rata-rata

185,964

162,934

164,703

Universitas Sumatera Utara

4

5

6 Jam

8 Jam

D

E

0,331

0,331

0,331

170,128

0,324

0,324

0,324

178,306

0,341

0,341

0,341

159,860

0,343

0,343

0,343

158,495

0,337

0,337

0.337

164,105

0,329

0,320

0,324

178,306

0,334

0,328

0,331

170,128

0,329

0,326

0,327

174,942

0,336

0,304

0,320

181,803

0,337

0,332

0,334

167,062

0,332

0,332

0,332

168,581

0,329

0,318

0,323

178,306

0,320

0,320

0,320

181,803

0,323

0,322

0,322

180,308

0,321

0,321

0,321

180,038

0,323

0,323

0,323

178,306

0,327

0,327

0,327

174,942

0,329

0,329

0,329

171,702

0,330

0,330

0,330

170,128

0,338

0,338

0,338

162,666

0,340

0,340

0,340

161,251

0,335

0,335

0,335

165,570

0,316

0,316

0,316

187,312

0,311

0,311

0,311

193,165

174,534

174,665

Tabel 1.2 Hasil Uji Kekerasan Permukaan Baja Karbon Sedang Sesudah
Mengalami Proses Quenching Dengan Media Pendingin Oil
Diameter Bahan Uji (d)

= 16 mm

Tinggi Bahan Uji (h)

= 10 mm

Suhu Pemanasan (T)

= 850oC

Beban (F)

= 10 kgf

Universitas Sumatera Utara

No

1

2

3

Bahan

Original

2 Jam

4 Jam

Kode
Sampel

A

B

C

Diagonal identitas

Kekerasan Vickers
(HV)kgf/mm2

D=

Hasil

(a+b)/2

kekerasan

0,300

0,304

201,564

0,327

0,327

0,327

174,942

0,313

0,320

0,316

187,313

0,321

0,321

0,321

180,038

0,278

0,278

0,278

240,831

0,276

0,276

0,276

243,999

0,275

0,275

0,275

247,252

0,268

0,282

0,275

247,252

0,286

0,286

0,286

228,936

0,285

0,289

0,287

226,145

0,274

0,277

0,275

247,252

0,278

0,272

0,275

247,252

0,289

0,286

0,287

226,145

0,285

0,285

0,285

228,936

0,236

0,226

0,231

349,886

0,261

0,261

0,261

272,704

0,271

0,271

0,271

254,026

0,283

0,278

0,280

237,743

0,287

0,287

0,287

226,145

0,286

0,286

0,286

228,936

0,281

0,281

0,281

237,743

0,293

0,275

0,284

231,800

0,299

0,280

0,289

223,419

0,284

0,272

0,278

240,830

0,258

0,258

0,258

280,969

0,266

0,266

0,266

264,914

a(mm)

b(mm)

0,308

Rata-rata

185,964

238,400

250,323

Universitas Sumatera Utara

4

5

6 Jam

8 Jam

D

E

0,266

0,266

0,266

264,914

0,266

0,266

0,266

264,914

0,282

0,270

0,276

243,999

0,272

0,265

0,268

261,183

0,289

0,269

0,279

240,831

0,288

0,269

0,278

240,831

0,289

0,272

0,280

237,743

0,295

0,275

0,285

228,938

0,246

0,235

0,240

325,332

0,268

0,263

0,265

264,914

0,263

0,263

0,263

268,752

0,273

0,262

0,267

261,182

0,280

0,261

0,270

257,553

0,269

0,269

0,269

257,553

0,280

0,280

0,280

237,743

0,289

0,278

0,283

231,800

0,287

0,287

0,283

231,800

0,287

0.279

0,283

231,800

252,923

256,842

Universitas Sumatera Utara

LAMPIRAN 2
GAMBAR PENELITIAN

1. Tungku Pembakaran

2.Peneliti Sedang Membersihkan
permukaan baja karbon dengan
kertas pasir

3. Peneliti sedang melakukan

4. Peneliti sedang melakukan uji

Pengujian kekerasan dengan

Mikrostruktur dengan alat Metal

Alat Hardness Tester

Microscopy

Universitas Sumatera Utara