THE USE OF PROCESS IN JUZ AMMA OF HOLY QURAN.
THE USE OF PROCESS IN JUZ AMMA OF HOLY QURAN
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
By
ULFIAN HAITAMI
Registration Number: 082222810013
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2012
DECLARATION
Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own word,
has been expressed in my own words and has not previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise
for plagiarism.
Medan,
September 2012
Ulfian Haitami
082222810013
ABSTRACT
Haitami, Ulfian. 082222810013. The Use of Process in Juz Amma of Holy
Quran. A Thesis. Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
2012.
The objectives of this research were to find out the six types of process, namely:
Material Process, Mental Process, Relational Process, Behavioural Process,
Verbal Process, and Existential Process and the dominant one used in Juz Amma
of Holy Quran. This research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive
design. It took all surahs in Juz Amma of Holy Quran which consists of 37 surahs.
The result of analyzing found six types of process were used in the surahs of Juz
Amma of Holy Quran, they were: Material Process, Mental Process, Relational
Process, Behavioural Process, Verbal Process, and Existential Process. Material
Process is the most dominant type used in Juz Amma of Holy Quran. It means that
many surahs in Juz Amma of Holy Quran contain about action, activity, things
that are doing or happened physically, bodily, and materially. So the physical or
action verbs are mostly used as the representation.
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful.
Alhamdulillahirabbal’alamin. First all praise is due to Allah SWT, the Lord of
the World, the King of the Day After, who has given the writer healthy and opportunity
in completing this thesis. This thesis has been written in fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of Sarjana Sastra at English Department of the faculty of Languages and
Arts at the State University of Medan.
In completing this thesis, many individuals have given their participation and
valuable assistances. Therefore, the writer would like to express his gratitude and
special appreciation to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Head of State University of
Medan,
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts
State University of Medan, Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of
English Department, Dra. Rahmah, M.Hum., the Secretary of English
Department, and also Dra. Meisuri, MA, the Head of Non-Educational
Program, for their administrative help during the writer’s study in English
Department State University of Medan.
Dra. Meisuri, MA, the writer’s Thesis Supervisor, for her guidence,
constructive comments, suggestion, and her precious time in supervising this
thesis. The writer appreciation also goes to Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S. as his
Acedemic Consellor for her support.
All the lectures of English Department who have taught and share their
knowledge to him during his study in State University of Medan, and to Mam
Indri and Mam Endah who have helped the writer in academic
administration.
H. Haitami and Nurakmal (the late), his beloved parents, for their endless
love, prayers, financial and moral support.
Fery Suhaimi, Nelly Afrita, Eka Mursida, Dedi Wardianto, Ferdiansyah
and Yosa Yulia Darma, his beloved brothers and sisters, who have given their
love, advices and financial support to the writer.
All of his friends in Applied Linguistics A and B 2008, especially his greatest
friends ever, Yuni Alfiana, Giel Utami Putri and Riko TP Sidabutar, for
offering him a friendship, giving him their help, advices, and kindness, and
making a happy story in his life.
The writer’s special colleagues, Adhy Kurnia Putra, Ridha Rehana and
Emilya Somia, for the time they have spent together and making his life more
colourful.
Medan, September 2012
The Writer,
Ulfian Haitami
Reg. No. 082222810013
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..............................................................................
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... .
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................
i
ii
iii
v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ....................................................................
A. Background of the Study............................................................
B. The Problem of the Study .........................................................
C. The Scope of the Study ..............................................................
D. The Objective of the Study … ...................................................
E. The Significance of the Study ....................................................
1
1
3
4
4
4
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...............................................
A. Language ...................................................................................
B. Metafunctions .............................................................................
1. Experiential Function.............................................................
a. Processs ..............................................................................
1). Material Process ..............................................................
2). Mental Process ..... ..........................................................
3). Relational Process ..........................................................
4). Behavioural Process ........................................................
5). Verbal Process ..... ..........................................................
6). Existential Process ..........................................................
C. Holy Quran .................................................................................
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
13
14
15
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .......................................................
A. Research Method ........................................................................
B. The Object of the Data ...............................................................
C. The Technique of Collecting Data .............................................
D. The Technique of Analyzing Data .............................................
17
17
17
17
17
CHAPTER IV DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ..........................................
A. The Data ....................................................................................
B. The Data and Analysis ...............................................................
C. Research Findings ......................................................................
19
19
19
49
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ..............................
A. Conclusions ...............................................................................
B. Suggestions ................................................................................
REFERENCES ..............................................................................................
50
50
50
51
iii
APPENDICES
.............................................................................................. 53
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Process Type in English ....................................................................
Table 2.2 Types of Relational Process ...............................................................
Table 4.1 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Naba .......................................
Table 4.2 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Naziat .....................................
Table 4.3 The Total Numbers of Process in Abasa ............................................
Table 4.4 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Takwir .....................................
Table 4.5 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Infitar ......................................
Table 4.6 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Mutaffifin ................................
Table 4.7 The Total Numbers of Process in Al- Inshiqaq..................................
Table 4.8 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Burooj .....................................
Table 4.9 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Tariq ........................................
Table 4.10 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ala.........................................
Table 4.11 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ghashiya ...............................
Table 4.12 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Fajr ........................................
Table 4.13 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Balad .....................................
Table 4.14 The Total Numbers of Process in Ash-Shams .................................
Table 4.15 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Lail .......................................
Table 4.16 The Total Numbers of Process in Adh-Dhuha .................................
Table 4.17 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Inshirah .................................
Table 4.18 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Tin .........................................
Table 4.19 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Alaq.......................................
Table 4.20 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Qadr ......................................
Table 4.21 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Bayyina .................................
Table 4.22 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Zalzala...................................
Table 4.23 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Adiyat ...................................
Table 4.24 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Qaria .....................................
Table 4.25 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Takathur ................................
Table 4.26 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ashr.......................................
Table 4.27 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Humaza .................................
Table 4.28 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Fil ..........................................
Table 4.29 The Total Numbers of Process in Qurasy ........................................
Table 4.30 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Maun .....................................
Table 4.31 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Kauther .................................
Table 4.32 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Kafiroon ................................
Table 4.33 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Nasr ......................................
Table 4.34 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Masadd ..................................
Table 4.35 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ikhlas.....................................
Table 4.36 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Falaq .....................................
Table 4.37 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Nas .......................................
v
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22
23
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25
25
26
27
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32
32
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34
35
36
37
38
39
39
40
41
42
42
43
44
45
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46
47
48
49
49
50
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendices
Page
Appendix A The Analysis of Process in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran ............... 55
Appendix B The Script of Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran ....................................... 88
vi
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background of the Study
It cannot be denied that language plays an important role for people as
human being. It is commonly used to express our feeling, emotion, ideas, and
thought in order to be communicated with each other. When people speak or
write, they produce text.
Language has functions, also known as metafunction, to organize,
understand and express our perceptions of the world and of our consciousness
(ideational function), to enable us to participate in communicative acts with other
people, to take on roles and to express and understand feelings, attitudes and
judgements (interpersonal function), and to relate what is said or written to the
real world and to other linguistic events (textual function).
Considering those various functions of language, in simple word language
function is considered as a tool of communication. Communication itself is the
activity or process of expressing ideas and feeling or of giving information
(Hornby, 2000:225). It means that when people use language, they need not only
to interact with others but also to get other persons to understand their thought and
feeling.
A text always produces a language. If we can understand the language and
the nature of the language, so we can catch and understand much information
from a text. As far as speech and writing are concerned, a text can stand alone as
an act of communication (Knapp and Watkins, 2005:29). In a text, there we can
find sentences which consist from one or more clauses.
1
2
Language has some elements e.g. noun, verb, adverb, etc in which each
element has its own role in language. However, when we analyze the language,
the element that need to be concerned firstly is the verb, or also known as process
in LSF, because we cannot have a sentence or even an independent without them
and they clarify the intensity of feeling. Process is the building block of our
language. It describes the movements and feelings of life. In relationship with
communication, process also gives information about whether they are happening
in the present, past, or future. Therefore, process is said as the centre of attention
in language.
In general, communication can be divided into two forms; they are spoken
and written communication. Spoken communication means the process of
expressing ideas and feelings or giving information which done orally. While
written communication is done in written forms or documents, available in
magazine, newspaper, brochures, letter, script, and even Holy Quran.
Holy Quran is an orientation book of life. Holy Quran is read and
memorized by many people in this world, especially for Moslem. In Holy Quran,
God delivers commands, good news, knowledges, true stories, prohibition, etc.
Holy Quran uses language as a tool to convey everything of God words.
Holy Quran contains 30 chapters. Juz ‘amma is the last chapter in Holy
Quran
(http://www.centralartikel.com/2010/10/ajaran-islam-pengertian-dan
penjelasan_14.html). It is the collection of short surahs which consist of 37
surahs. Juz ‘amma is the most widely read in praying. The privilege of Juz ‘amma
is not only because of the relatively short verses and easy to memorize, but rather
3
the content of lessons in it that is not less powerful than other chapters. Besides, it
has beautiful and touchable language accompanied by rational arguments.
There is other study also analyzed about process in Holy Quran. Sianipar
(2011) found that the most dominant type of process used in Holy Quran is
Relational Process. However, the writer took the first chapter as the data which
contain one surah only.
Therefore, the writer is interested in analyzing the type of process in Juz
‘amma of Holy Quran because as a Moslem, the writer wants to get involved and
gives acedemic contribution to his religion. Besides, he also has academic reason
in analyzing this topic in which he wants to find and compare the findings with
other researcher who used the first chapter as the data whether findings are same
or not. So, he hopes that this study can give its useful contribution for many
people especially the students of language and for Moslem specifically to enrich
their knowledge in analyzing texts in terms of experiential function of language in
easy way.
B. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background above, the problems of the study are formulated
as the following.
1. What are the types of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran?
2. What is the most dominant type of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran?
3. What does the most dominant mean in Juz Amma of Holy Quran?
4
C. The Scope of the Study
This study will be focused on analyzing the types of process which are
used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran. It will be taken from all surahs in Juz ‘Amma
of Holy Quran which consists of 37 surahs and the writer will use M.A.K
Halliday’s theory to identify the processes that are used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy
Quran.
D. The Objective of the Study
In relation to the problems of the study, the objectives of the study are:
1. to find out the types of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran,
2. to determine the most dominant type of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy
Quran,
3. to explain what the most dominant mean in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran.
E. The Significance of the Study
The findings of this study will be useful for:
1. the students who want to analyze text in term of experiential function of
language in fuctional grammar,
2. other researchers who want to make a further research on the same topic, this
study might be as reference.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Through considering the analysis and determining the types of process in
Juz Amma, the conclusions are presented as follows:
1. The six types of process are used in Juz Amma of Holy Quran. They are
Material Process, Mental Process, Relational Process, Behavioural Process,
Verbal Process and Existential Process
2. Material Process is the most dominant type used in Juz Amma of Holy Quran.
3. From the previous analysis, Material Processs is dominantly used in Juz Amma
of Holy Quran. It means that many surahs in Juz Amma of Holy Quran contain
about action, activity, things that are doing or happened physically, bodily, and
materially.
B. Suggestions
In relation to the conclusions of this study, there are some suggestions
offered:
1. It is suggested that the students should have a good knowledge of the use of
process because by analyzing the process it is easier to comprehend the
clause.
2. Other researchers who want to make a further research on the same topic are
suggested to compare the findings between Holy Quran using English
meaning and Indonesian meaning. However, this thesis can be taken as a
reference.
51
REFERENCES
Al-Hilali, Muhammad Taqi-ud, Khan, Muhammad Muhsin. 1996. Interpretation
of the Meaning of the Noble Quran in the English Language. Riyadh:
Darussalam Publisher and Distributor.
Baba, Mohd Sapiyan, Yusof, Raja Jamilah Raja, Yusoff, Zulkifli Mohd and
Zainuddin, Roziati. 2010. Qur’anic Word Stemming. The Arabian Journal
for Science and Engineering, 35 (2C), 37-49
Best, John. W and James V. Kahn. 2002. Research in Education: Seventh Edition.
New Delhi: Prentice Hall.
Bloor, T and Bloor. 1995. The Functional Analysis of English: A Hallidayan
Approach. London: Arnold.
Chaabani, Hassen. 2011. Compatibility of the Holy Quran with Sciences:
Antrophological Concepts as an Example. International Journal of
Modern Antrophology, 4, 78-84
Cunanan, Bonaficio T. 2011. Using Transitivity as a Framework in a Stylistic
Analysis of Virginia Woolf’s Old Mrs. Grey. Asian EFL Journal, 54, 6979
Enggins, Suzanne. 2004. An Introduction to Systemic Functional linguistics.
London: Continuum International.
Gerot, Linda and Wignell, Peter. 2001. Making Sense of Functional Grammar.
Queensland: Gerd Stabler, AEE.
Halliday, M. A. K. 1994. An Introduction to Functional Grammar: Second
Edition. London: Edward Arnold.
Hornby, A.S. 2000. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English.
Great Britain: Oxford University Press.
Knapp, Peter and Watkins, Megan. 2005. Genre, Text, Grammar: Technologies
for Teaching and Assessing Writing. South Wales: University of New
South Wales Press.
Moleong, J. Lexy. 2000. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT. Remaja
Rosdakarya.
Saragih, Amrin. 2005. Functional Grammar: A Study of Language Use in Social
Context. Medan : FBS UNIMED (unpublished).
Sinar, Tengku Silvana. 2002. An Introduction to a Systemic-Functional
Linguistic-Oriented Discourse Analysis. Singapore: Deezed Consult.
52
Wang, Junling. 2010. A Critical Discourse Analysis of Barrack Obama’s
Speeches. Journal of Language Teaching and Researc, 1 (3), 254-261
Webster, J. Jonathan. 2002. On Grammar: Volume 1 in the collected works of
M.A.K. Halliday. New York: Continuum.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quran. Retrieved on February 2, 2012
http://www.unm.edu/~devalenz/handouts/defcomm.html. Retrieved on April 25,
2012
http://www.relationship-with-self.com/definitionofcommunication.html. Retrieved
on April 25, 2012
53
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
By
ULFIAN HAITAMI
Registration Number: 082222810013
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2012
DECLARATION
Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own word,
has been expressed in my own words and has not previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise
for plagiarism.
Medan,
September 2012
Ulfian Haitami
082222810013
ABSTRACT
Haitami, Ulfian. 082222810013. The Use of Process in Juz Amma of Holy
Quran. A Thesis. Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
2012.
The objectives of this research were to find out the six types of process, namely:
Material Process, Mental Process, Relational Process, Behavioural Process,
Verbal Process, and Existential Process and the dominant one used in Juz Amma
of Holy Quran. This research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive
design. It took all surahs in Juz Amma of Holy Quran which consists of 37 surahs.
The result of analyzing found six types of process were used in the surahs of Juz
Amma of Holy Quran, they were: Material Process, Mental Process, Relational
Process, Behavioural Process, Verbal Process, and Existential Process. Material
Process is the most dominant type used in Juz Amma of Holy Quran. It means that
many surahs in Juz Amma of Holy Quran contain about action, activity, things
that are doing or happened physically, bodily, and materially. So the physical or
action verbs are mostly used as the representation.
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful.
Alhamdulillahirabbal’alamin. First all praise is due to Allah SWT, the Lord of
the World, the King of the Day After, who has given the writer healthy and opportunity
in completing this thesis. This thesis has been written in fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of Sarjana Sastra at English Department of the faculty of Languages and
Arts at the State University of Medan.
In completing this thesis, many individuals have given their participation and
valuable assistances. Therefore, the writer would like to express his gratitude and
special appreciation to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Head of State University of
Medan,
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts
State University of Medan, Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of
English Department, Dra. Rahmah, M.Hum., the Secretary of English
Department, and also Dra. Meisuri, MA, the Head of Non-Educational
Program, for their administrative help during the writer’s study in English
Department State University of Medan.
Dra. Meisuri, MA, the writer’s Thesis Supervisor, for her guidence,
constructive comments, suggestion, and her precious time in supervising this
thesis. The writer appreciation also goes to Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S. as his
Acedemic Consellor for her support.
All the lectures of English Department who have taught and share their
knowledge to him during his study in State University of Medan, and to Mam
Indri and Mam Endah who have helped the writer in academic
administration.
H. Haitami and Nurakmal (the late), his beloved parents, for their endless
love, prayers, financial and moral support.
Fery Suhaimi, Nelly Afrita, Eka Mursida, Dedi Wardianto, Ferdiansyah
and Yosa Yulia Darma, his beloved brothers and sisters, who have given their
love, advices and financial support to the writer.
All of his friends in Applied Linguistics A and B 2008, especially his greatest
friends ever, Yuni Alfiana, Giel Utami Putri and Riko TP Sidabutar, for
offering him a friendship, giving him their help, advices, and kindness, and
making a happy story in his life.
The writer’s special colleagues, Adhy Kurnia Putra, Ridha Rehana and
Emilya Somia, for the time they have spent together and making his life more
colourful.
Medan, September 2012
The Writer,
Ulfian Haitami
Reg. No. 082222810013
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..............................................................................
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... .
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................
i
ii
iii
v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ....................................................................
A. Background of the Study............................................................
B. The Problem of the Study .........................................................
C. The Scope of the Study ..............................................................
D. The Objective of the Study … ...................................................
E. The Significance of the Study ....................................................
1
1
3
4
4
4
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...............................................
A. Language ...................................................................................
B. Metafunctions .............................................................................
1. Experiential Function.............................................................
a. Processs ..............................................................................
1). Material Process ..............................................................
2). Mental Process ..... ..........................................................
3). Relational Process ..........................................................
4). Behavioural Process ........................................................
5). Verbal Process ..... ..........................................................
6). Existential Process ..........................................................
C. Holy Quran .................................................................................
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
13
14
15
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .......................................................
A. Research Method ........................................................................
B. The Object of the Data ...............................................................
C. The Technique of Collecting Data .............................................
D. The Technique of Analyzing Data .............................................
17
17
17
17
17
CHAPTER IV DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ..........................................
A. The Data ....................................................................................
B. The Data and Analysis ...............................................................
C. Research Findings ......................................................................
19
19
19
49
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ..............................
A. Conclusions ...............................................................................
B. Suggestions ................................................................................
REFERENCES ..............................................................................................
50
50
50
51
iii
APPENDICES
.............................................................................................. 53
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Process Type in English ....................................................................
Table 2.2 Types of Relational Process ...............................................................
Table 4.1 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Naba .......................................
Table 4.2 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Naziat .....................................
Table 4.3 The Total Numbers of Process in Abasa ............................................
Table 4.4 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Takwir .....................................
Table 4.5 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Infitar ......................................
Table 4.6 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Mutaffifin ................................
Table 4.7 The Total Numbers of Process in Al- Inshiqaq..................................
Table 4.8 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Burooj .....................................
Table 4.9 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Tariq ........................................
Table 4.10 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ala.........................................
Table 4.11 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ghashiya ...............................
Table 4.12 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Fajr ........................................
Table 4.13 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Balad .....................................
Table 4.14 The Total Numbers of Process in Ash-Shams .................................
Table 4.15 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Lail .......................................
Table 4.16 The Total Numbers of Process in Adh-Dhuha .................................
Table 4.17 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Inshirah .................................
Table 4.18 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Tin .........................................
Table 4.19 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Alaq.......................................
Table 4.20 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Qadr ......................................
Table 4.21 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Bayyina .................................
Table 4.22 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Zalzala...................................
Table 4.23 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Adiyat ...................................
Table 4.24 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Qaria .....................................
Table 4.25 The Total Numbers of Process in At-Takathur ................................
Table 4.26 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ashr.......................................
Table 4.27 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Humaza .................................
Table 4.28 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Fil ..........................................
Table 4.29 The Total Numbers of Process in Qurasy ........................................
Table 4.30 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Maun .....................................
Table 4.31 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Kauther .................................
Table 4.32 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Kafiroon ................................
Table 4.33 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Nasr ......................................
Table 4.34 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Masadd ..................................
Table 4.35 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Ikhlas.....................................
Table 4.36 The Total Numbers of Process in Al-Falaq .....................................
Table 4.37 The Total Numbers of Process in An-Nas .......................................
v
9
12
20
21
22
23
24
25
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
39
40
41
42
42
43
44
45
45
46
47
48
49
49
50
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendices
Page
Appendix A The Analysis of Process in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran ............... 55
Appendix B The Script of Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran ....................................... 88
vi
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
Background of the Study
It cannot be denied that language plays an important role for people as
human being. It is commonly used to express our feeling, emotion, ideas, and
thought in order to be communicated with each other. When people speak or
write, they produce text.
Language has functions, also known as metafunction, to organize,
understand and express our perceptions of the world and of our consciousness
(ideational function), to enable us to participate in communicative acts with other
people, to take on roles and to express and understand feelings, attitudes and
judgements (interpersonal function), and to relate what is said or written to the
real world and to other linguistic events (textual function).
Considering those various functions of language, in simple word language
function is considered as a tool of communication. Communication itself is the
activity or process of expressing ideas and feeling or of giving information
(Hornby, 2000:225). It means that when people use language, they need not only
to interact with others but also to get other persons to understand their thought and
feeling.
A text always produces a language. If we can understand the language and
the nature of the language, so we can catch and understand much information
from a text. As far as speech and writing are concerned, a text can stand alone as
an act of communication (Knapp and Watkins, 2005:29). In a text, there we can
find sentences which consist from one or more clauses.
1
2
Language has some elements e.g. noun, verb, adverb, etc in which each
element has its own role in language. However, when we analyze the language,
the element that need to be concerned firstly is the verb, or also known as process
in LSF, because we cannot have a sentence or even an independent without them
and they clarify the intensity of feeling. Process is the building block of our
language. It describes the movements and feelings of life. In relationship with
communication, process also gives information about whether they are happening
in the present, past, or future. Therefore, process is said as the centre of attention
in language.
In general, communication can be divided into two forms; they are spoken
and written communication. Spoken communication means the process of
expressing ideas and feelings or giving information which done orally. While
written communication is done in written forms or documents, available in
magazine, newspaper, brochures, letter, script, and even Holy Quran.
Holy Quran is an orientation book of life. Holy Quran is read and
memorized by many people in this world, especially for Moslem. In Holy Quran,
God delivers commands, good news, knowledges, true stories, prohibition, etc.
Holy Quran uses language as a tool to convey everything of God words.
Holy Quran contains 30 chapters. Juz ‘amma is the last chapter in Holy
Quran
(http://www.centralartikel.com/2010/10/ajaran-islam-pengertian-dan
penjelasan_14.html). It is the collection of short surahs which consist of 37
surahs. Juz ‘amma is the most widely read in praying. The privilege of Juz ‘amma
is not only because of the relatively short verses and easy to memorize, but rather
3
the content of lessons in it that is not less powerful than other chapters. Besides, it
has beautiful and touchable language accompanied by rational arguments.
There is other study also analyzed about process in Holy Quran. Sianipar
(2011) found that the most dominant type of process used in Holy Quran is
Relational Process. However, the writer took the first chapter as the data which
contain one surah only.
Therefore, the writer is interested in analyzing the type of process in Juz
‘amma of Holy Quran because as a Moslem, the writer wants to get involved and
gives acedemic contribution to his religion. Besides, he also has academic reason
in analyzing this topic in which he wants to find and compare the findings with
other researcher who used the first chapter as the data whether findings are same
or not. So, he hopes that this study can give its useful contribution for many
people especially the students of language and for Moslem specifically to enrich
their knowledge in analyzing texts in terms of experiential function of language in
easy way.
B. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background above, the problems of the study are formulated
as the following.
1. What are the types of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran?
2. What is the most dominant type of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran?
3. What does the most dominant mean in Juz Amma of Holy Quran?
4
C. The Scope of the Study
This study will be focused on analyzing the types of process which are
used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran. It will be taken from all surahs in Juz ‘Amma
of Holy Quran which consists of 37 surahs and the writer will use M.A.K
Halliday’s theory to identify the processes that are used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy
Quran.
D. The Objective of the Study
In relation to the problems of the study, the objectives of the study are:
1. to find out the types of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran,
2. to determine the most dominant type of process used in Juz ‘Amma of Holy
Quran,
3. to explain what the most dominant mean in Juz ‘Amma of Holy Quran.
E. The Significance of the Study
The findings of this study will be useful for:
1. the students who want to analyze text in term of experiential function of
language in fuctional grammar,
2. other researchers who want to make a further research on the same topic, this
study might be as reference.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Through considering the analysis and determining the types of process in
Juz Amma, the conclusions are presented as follows:
1. The six types of process are used in Juz Amma of Holy Quran. They are
Material Process, Mental Process, Relational Process, Behavioural Process,
Verbal Process and Existential Process
2. Material Process is the most dominant type used in Juz Amma of Holy Quran.
3. From the previous analysis, Material Processs is dominantly used in Juz Amma
of Holy Quran. It means that many surahs in Juz Amma of Holy Quran contain
about action, activity, things that are doing or happened physically, bodily, and
materially.
B. Suggestions
In relation to the conclusions of this study, there are some suggestions
offered:
1. It is suggested that the students should have a good knowledge of the use of
process because by analyzing the process it is easier to comprehend the
clause.
2. Other researchers who want to make a further research on the same topic are
suggested to compare the findings between Holy Quran using English
meaning and Indonesian meaning. However, this thesis can be taken as a
reference.
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