Sustainable Solutions for Vegetable Diseases - Research and Development Activities in Indonesia.
UDAYANA
UNIVERSITY
Sustainable Solutions for Vegetable Diseases:
Research and Development Activities in Indonesia
Gregory C. Luther, Putu Sudiarta, Made S. Utama, Alit Susanta Wirya, Rakhmat Sutarya, Kuntoro Boga Andri, Ketut Kariada, Evy Latifah,
Eli Korlina, Ketut Sumiartha, Arief L. Hakim, Engkus Kuswara, Donald Tambunan, Victor Afari-Sefa, Wallace Chen, Jaw-Fen Wang, Li-Ju Lin, Joko Mariyono
INTRODUCTION
A four-year project was implemented in Indonesia with various
vegetable disease management research and development
activities, focusing on grafting, neutralized phosphorous acid
solution (NPA), rain shelters, the bio-agent Trichoderma
harzianum, and host-plant resistance. This project, conducted
during March 2011 – February 2015, was funded by USAID.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and disseminate sustainable
solutions for tomato and chili pepper diseases.
METHODS
& RESULTS
In a lowland field trial in
East Java, AVRDC – The
World Vegetable Center’s
eggplant rootstocks
effectively protected
grafted tomato scions from
bacterial wilt. While grafted
tomato plants survived
until harvest to produce
yield, non-grafted plants
died before fruiting.
NPA
Improved tomato and chili lines tested for disease resistance
Chili pepper lines
Disease resistance or tolerance
AVPP1102-B, AVPP0513,
AVPP0719, AVPP0207,
AVPP1004-B
High fruit yield and tolerance to
anthracnose
AVPP0207, Kencana
Resistance to geminivirus and
anthracnose, but fruit type does not
match local preference
AVPP1003–B and AVPP1004–B
Resistance to geminivirus
Tomato lines
Disease resistance or tolerance
AVTO1139, Ratna, Hawaii 7996,
Permata, AVTO0301,
AVTO1109, AVTO1010,
AVTO1122, AVTO1133
Resistance to bacterial wilt
AVTO0922, AVTO1139,
AVTO1010, AVTO1173,
AVTO1173
Resistance to geminivirus
An off-season tomato trial in East Java showed rain shelters
reduce the intensity of disease incidence and NPA reduces the
severity of late blight. The combination of NPA and rain shelters
showed greater effective protection against diseases in the rainy
season.
Chemical
fungicides
Farmer Field Schools
(FFS) were conducted
to train 3,280 farmers
(35% women) on
various tomato and
chili production
technologies drawn
from the project’s
adaptive research
results. The project
team produced
extension publications
in Indonesian on
grafting and NPA.
Late blight
lesion
In a highland field trial in Bali, NPA (a kind of biopesticide)
controlled tomato late blight as effectively as chemical fungicides
currently used by farmers. NPA costs less (and therefore has
higher net returns) and has low toxicity to humans and the
environment.
A field trial in Bali integrating
grafting, NPA, rain shelters
and Trichoderma harzianum
was effective at reducing
disease incidence on tomato;
control plants had a
significantly higher disease
incidence rate and those with
all four technologies showed
the lowest level of disease
incidence and severity.
OUTCOMES & CONCLUSIONS
•
•
Grafting is being adopted by farmers and nursery
operators; approximately 100 farmers in Bali planted
grafted tomato in 2014.
An independently-conducted outcome assessment
indicated knowledge transfer through FFS was
effective. Materials and knowledge disseminated
through FFS were perceived by farmers to be useful,
and have been implemented, at least partially, by a
majority of FFS participants. FFS had a positive impact
on the crop yield produced by FFS farmers compared
to their counterfactual.
UNIVERSITY
Sustainable Solutions for Vegetable Diseases:
Research and Development Activities in Indonesia
Gregory C. Luther, Putu Sudiarta, Made S. Utama, Alit Susanta Wirya, Rakhmat Sutarya, Kuntoro Boga Andri, Ketut Kariada, Evy Latifah,
Eli Korlina, Ketut Sumiartha, Arief L. Hakim, Engkus Kuswara, Donald Tambunan, Victor Afari-Sefa, Wallace Chen, Jaw-Fen Wang, Li-Ju Lin, Joko Mariyono
INTRODUCTION
A four-year project was implemented in Indonesia with various
vegetable disease management research and development
activities, focusing on grafting, neutralized phosphorous acid
solution (NPA), rain shelters, the bio-agent Trichoderma
harzianum, and host-plant resistance. This project, conducted
during March 2011 – February 2015, was funded by USAID.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and disseminate sustainable
solutions for tomato and chili pepper diseases.
METHODS
& RESULTS
In a lowland field trial in
East Java, AVRDC – The
World Vegetable Center’s
eggplant rootstocks
effectively protected
grafted tomato scions from
bacterial wilt. While grafted
tomato plants survived
until harvest to produce
yield, non-grafted plants
died before fruiting.
NPA
Improved tomato and chili lines tested for disease resistance
Chili pepper lines
Disease resistance or tolerance
AVPP1102-B, AVPP0513,
AVPP0719, AVPP0207,
AVPP1004-B
High fruit yield and tolerance to
anthracnose
AVPP0207, Kencana
Resistance to geminivirus and
anthracnose, but fruit type does not
match local preference
AVPP1003–B and AVPP1004–B
Resistance to geminivirus
Tomato lines
Disease resistance or tolerance
AVTO1139, Ratna, Hawaii 7996,
Permata, AVTO0301,
AVTO1109, AVTO1010,
AVTO1122, AVTO1133
Resistance to bacterial wilt
AVTO0922, AVTO1139,
AVTO1010, AVTO1173,
AVTO1173
Resistance to geminivirus
An off-season tomato trial in East Java showed rain shelters
reduce the intensity of disease incidence and NPA reduces the
severity of late blight. The combination of NPA and rain shelters
showed greater effective protection against diseases in the rainy
season.
Chemical
fungicides
Farmer Field Schools
(FFS) were conducted
to train 3,280 farmers
(35% women) on
various tomato and
chili production
technologies drawn
from the project’s
adaptive research
results. The project
team produced
extension publications
in Indonesian on
grafting and NPA.
Late blight
lesion
In a highland field trial in Bali, NPA (a kind of biopesticide)
controlled tomato late blight as effectively as chemical fungicides
currently used by farmers. NPA costs less (and therefore has
higher net returns) and has low toxicity to humans and the
environment.
A field trial in Bali integrating
grafting, NPA, rain shelters
and Trichoderma harzianum
was effective at reducing
disease incidence on tomato;
control plants had a
significantly higher disease
incidence rate and those with
all four technologies showed
the lowest level of disease
incidence and severity.
OUTCOMES & CONCLUSIONS
•
•
Grafting is being adopted by farmers and nursery
operators; approximately 100 farmers in Bali planted
grafted tomato in 2014.
An independently-conducted outcome assessment
indicated knowledge transfer through FFS was
effective. Materials and knowledge disseminated
through FFS were perceived by farmers to be useful,
and have been implemented, at least partially, by a
majority of FFS participants. FFS had a positive impact
on the crop yield produced by FFS farmers compared
to their counterfactual.