Pengaruh Temperatur Pemanasan pada Superkonduktor Magnesium Diboride (MgB2)
LAMPIRAN 1
GAMBAR BAHAN DAN ALAT PENELITIAN
1.
Bahan Penelitian
Serbuk MgB2 Komersil
Sampel dalam Tube
Sampel siap untuk diuji
Preparasi sampel uji Cryogenic
Preparasi sampel uji SEM
Preparasi sampel uji XRD
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2.
Alat Penelitian
Neraca Digital Kern EW 220-
Spatula
3NM
SS304 Tube
Jangka Sorong
Alat pemotong SS304 Tube
Mesin Grenda Konvensional
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Mesin Press Hidrolik
Muffle Furnace
Alat uji DTA/TGA
Auto Fine Coater
Alat uji SEM-EDS
Alat uji XRD
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Cryogenic Magnet
Circulatiom Pump
Compressor gas Helium
Temperature and Magnet Controller
Kertas Timbang
Alkohol
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Masker
Tissue
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LAMPIRAN 2
HASIL DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS
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Coefficient
Temperatur 0C)
Rel. mass change (%)
Heat flow (Mw)
40
1.4770
-1.6895
50
1.8393
-0.5566
60
2.1077
0.5667
70
2.2806
1.4860
80
2.3614
2.5153
90
2.2805
3.6522
100
1.6317
5.0779
110
1.9218
6.3887
120
1.9044
7.4662
130
1.7752
8.8301
140
1.8608
10.0585
150
1.7095
11.0338
160
1.7809
12.2108
170
1.8939
13.1219
180
2.0385
13.8059
190
1.9805
14.3299
200
2.1959
14.7144
210
2.0548
14.8797
220
2.2430
15.4169
230
2.3178
16.1119
240
2.2784
16.5881
250
2.4240
16.9586
260
2.5986
17.6185
270
2.5807
17.9631
280
2.6452
18.8508
290
2.6787
19.5533
300
2.9619
21.0117
310
2.7525
21.8036
320
3.0309
23.1975
330
3.0588
24.6968
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340
3.0209
26.0184
350
3.0786
27.2933
360
3.0283
28.8938
370
3.0831
30.2873
380
3.0071
31.8247
390
3.1327
33.3545
400
3.2092
34.8348
410
3.1398
36.2978
420
3.3989
37.5204
430
3.2024
38.5090
440
3.4897
39.7111
450
3.3208
40.4935
460
3.4941
41.0530
470
3.5312
41.8646
480
3.8039
42.6736
490
3.7600
43.1559
500
3.7313
43.2322
510
3.8353
42.9747
520
3.7573
42.8942
530
3.9604
43.0470
540
4.1583
42.7631
550
3.9751
42.1667
560
4.3172
42.0288
570
4.4968
41.4787
580
4.3763
41.2319
590
4.6096
40.2213
600
4.6227
39.4112
610
4.8626
38.8176
620
4.9512
37.7002
630
5.0216
36.7547
640
5.1939
35.3661
650
5.3296
34.5894
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660
5.6535
33.4306
670
5.8574
32.8004
680
6.0579
32.3899
690
6.4175
31.7342
700
6.6705
30.6334
710
6.8740
29.3946
720
7.3315
28.6399
730
7.8647
27.9309
740
8.1848
27.1170
750
9.0063
26.8579
760
9.6467
26.8443
770
10.3384
27.3428
780
11.2869
27.7066
790
12.1212
27.8825
800
12.9602
28.0397
810
14.2119
27.8019
820
15.2567
27.2207
830
16.4746
25.8721
840
17.7224
24.2014
850
18.8497
22.0245
860
19.8812
19.1937
870
21.0250
17.1923
880
22.2482
16.9149
890
23.3280
18.2395
900
24.4826
22.4316
910
25.7979
27.3652
920
27.0660
30.8920
930
28.4397
34.2750
940
29.8792
37.8309
950
31.0229
43.0673
960
32.5844
48.7970
970
33.9044
54.8659
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980
35.3592
60.8807
990
36.7630
67.6390
1000
38.3097
74.0435
1010
39.7312
77.5121
1020
41.3296
78.0544
1030
42.8376
77.2370
1040
44.3071
76.4849
1050
45.9954
76.0177
1060
47.3504
74.9828
1070
48.9722
73.9994
1080
50.4446
73.4988
1090
52.1065
72.5987
1100
53.7226
72.1208
1110
55.0668
70.7375
1120
56.8689
69.7677
1130
58.5210
68.7437
1140
60.0677
67.0920
1150
61.7661
66.1807
1160
63.4522
65.1780
1170
65.0653
64.2197
1180
66.5990
62.9771
1190
68.2836
61.7278
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LAMPIRAN 3
HASIL XRD MATCH DAN PERHITUNGAN KRISTALIN
1. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Tanpa Pemanasan
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height
[cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing
[Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
Phase
Name
25.4866
798.27
0.1535
3.49499
3.38
33.7178
7523.79
0.1791
2.65826
31.85
MgB2
35.7504
641.83
0.1279
2.51165
2.72
MgB4
38.9227
255.11
0.1791
2.31394
1.08
39.9934
81.72
0.3070
2.25443
0.35
41.0004
120.27
0.5117
2.20135
0.51
42.6215
23619.91
0.2558
2.12130
100.00
MgB2
43.1098
1578.45
0.1791
2.09840
6.68
MgO
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46.2954
185.32
0.2047
1.96116
0.78
48.0868
57.65
0.3070
1.89220
0.24
48.9839
95.99
0.2558
1.85963
0.41
52.0839
2647.43
0.1791
1.75600
11.21
56.3140
70.57
0.3070
1.63372
0.30
60.0676
4513.92
0.1560
1.53902
19.11
60.2574
2462.71
0.1248
1.53844
10.43
62.4500
475.09
0.2184
1.48592
2.01
63.3925
1406.49
0.2496
1.46607
5.95
66.2126
588.28
0.1872
1.41030
2.49
70.5719
510.12
0.2496
1.33349
2.16
76.2797
1919.57
0.2184
1.24728
8.13
76.5509
1021.53
0.1248
1.24662
4.32
78.7371
113.75
0.1872
1.21440
0.48
MgB2
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2. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 4000C
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height
[cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
25.2310
32.43
0.1574
3.52982
3.66
33.4895
290.41
0.0886
2.67585
32.75
MgB2
35.5281
34.81
0.1574
2.52685
3.93
MgB4
38.7698
14.14
0.2362
2.32271
1.59
42.4181
886.80
0.0689
2.13101
100.00
MgB2
42.8937
81.55
0.1968
2.10847
9.20
MgO
51.8420
93.60
0.2755
1.76363
10.55
Phase
Name
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59.8789
150.29
0.1378
1.54470
16.95
62.2850
30.02
0.2362
1.49069
3.39
63.2185
44.94
0.3542
1.47091
5.07
66.0305
16.85
0.3149
1.41492
1.90
70.4418
13.26
0.3149
1.33674
1.49
76.0790
55.32
0.1574
1.25111
6.24
83.1950
50.87
0.4723
1.16124
5.74
MgB2
3. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 7500C
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height
[cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
25.2959
50.79
0.1771
3.52090
3.06
33.5129
526.96
0.1574
2.67404
31.74
MgB2
35.5313
53.26
0.1968
2.52663
3.21
MgB4
Phase
Name
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36.8866
8.55
0.4723
2.43685
0.51
38.1040
11.65
0.2362
2.36175
0.70
38.7359
20.29
0.1968
2.32467
1.22
42.4337
1660.40
0.1968
2.13025
100.00
MgB2
42.9346
140.83
0.1574
2.10656
8.48
MgO
46.0396
7.39
0.4723
1.97146
0.45
51.8668
187.67
0.1574
1.76284
11.30
59.8781
271.15
0.1181
1.54472
16.33
62.2559
56.73
0.1181
1.49132
3.42
63.1817
95.61
0.2755
1.47167
5.76
66.0485
42.13
0.1968
1.41458
2.54
70.4348
31.84
0.3936
1.33685
1.92
76.1027
111.98
0.1968
1.25078
6.74
78.7017
8.82
0.3936
1.21586
0.53
83.1608
118.26
0.1574
1.16163
7.12
MgB2
4. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 8800C
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Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height [cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing
[Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
25.2412
52.37
0.1968
3.52841
3.38
28.8328
6.44
0.4723
3.09655
0.42
33.4823
487.53
0.1181
2.67641
31.51
MgB2
35.4849
116.46
0.1378
2.52983
7.53
MgB4
36.8883
18.92
0.3149
2.43674
1.22
38.1059
18.74
0.2362
2.36164
1.21
38.8120
53.22
0.1574
2.32028
3.44
39.7307
18.23
0.2362
2.26872
1.18
41.0092
34.61
0.5510
2.20090
2.24
42.4264
1547.38
0.0689
2.13061
100.00
MgB2
42.9100
174.67
0.1968
2.10771
11.29
MgO
44.9535
13.86
0.3936
2.01653
0.90
46.0424
27.23
0.2362
1.97134
1.76
48.6929
12.80
0.3149
1.87006
0.83
49.5019
12.40
0.2362
1.84137
0.80
51.8238
151.79
0.1378
1.76420
9.81
56.2305
10.44
0.3149
1.63595
0.67
59.8658
265.17
0.1181
1.54501
17.14
62.2628
61.26
0.2755
1.49117
3.96
63.1625
84.14
0.3149
1.47208
5.44
66.0189
34.36
0.1968
1.41514
2.22
70.4334
28.77
0.3149
1.33688
1.86
76.1328
113.31
0.1574
1.25036
7.32
Phase
Name
MgB2
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78.5692
11.62
0.4723
1.21758
0.75
83.1343
106.58
0.2755
1.16193
6.89
5. Gabungan Hasil Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction MgB2 Komersil Dengan
Pemanasan
MgB2 400C
Mgb2 750C
Mgb2 880C
Intensitas (arbitrary unit (a.u))
Keterangan :
MgB2
MgB4
MgO
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Sudut 2-theta
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LAMPIRAN 4
HASIL SEM – EDS SAMPEL MgB2 KOMERSIL
1. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Tanpa Pemanasan (Perbesaran
500x dan 1000x)
8000
001
Acquisition Parameter
7200
Instrument
MgKa
6400
Acc. Voltage : 15.0 kV
5600
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
4000
PHA mode
: T3
3200
Real Time
: 37.96 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 20 %
2400
1600
OKa
4800
BKa
Counts
: 6390(LA)
800
Counting Rate: 4344 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3750
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K*
0.183
34.26
0.58
51.40
3.1942
O K
0.525
13.71
0.59
13.90
18.5034
Mg K
1.253
52.02
0.33
34.70
78.3023
Total
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
JED-2300 AnalysisStation
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2. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 4000C dengan 3 spot
Title
: IMG2
--------------------------Instrument
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
001
3600
Acquisition Parameter
3200
Instrument
MgKa
2800
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
2000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 34.48 sec
800
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
400
Dead Time
: 13 %
1600
OKa
Counts
2400
1200
Counting Rate: 2255 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
keV
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.4538
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
29.39
0.85
38.74
35.6944
Mg K
1.253
70.61
0.54
61.26
64.3056
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
79
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
2700
Instrument
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
002
Acquisition Parameter
2400
Instrument
MgKa
2100
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
1500
900
OKa
Counts
1800
1200
: 6390(LA)
600
300
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 34.12 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 12 %
Counting Rate: 2122 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.4594
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
36.03
0.67
46.12
45.7623
Mg K
1.253
63.97
0.48
53.88
54.2377
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
80
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
4500
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
003
Acquisition Parameter
4000
Instrument
MgKa
3500
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
3000
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
2500
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 35.17 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 14 %
2000
OKa
Counts
Instrument
1500
1000
500
Counting Rate: 2578 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00 Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3961
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
31.04
0.73
40.61
38.1807
Mg K
1.253
68.96
0.47
59.39
61.8193
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
81
3. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 7500C dengan 3 spot
Title
: IMG2
--------------------------:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
001
10500
Acquisition Parameter
Instrument
MgKa
9000
7500
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
6000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 40.65 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 26 %
4500
OKa
Counts
Instrument
BKa
3000
1500
Counting Rate: 5562 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00 Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3925
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K
0.183
66.88
0.71
80.71
14.3114
O K
0.525
5.44
0.74
4.43
8.6595
Mg K
1.253
27.69
0.20
14.86
77.0291
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
82
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
9000
Instrument
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
002
Acquisition Parameter
8000
Instrument
MgKa
7000
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Counts
6000
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
5000
4000
2000
OKa
3000
1000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 38.57 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 22 %
Counting Rate: 4629 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3973
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
6.02
1.65
8.87
5.4109
Mg K
1.253
93.98
0.70
91.13
94.5891
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
83
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
9000
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
MgKa
Instrument
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
6000
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
5000
OKa
4000
BKa
Counts
Volt
Acquisition Parameter
7000
2000
:
003
8000
3000
Instrument
1000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 39.03 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 23 %
Counting Rate: 4824 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.4078
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K
0.183
73.25
0.55
85.00
20.2192
O K
0.525
4.46
0.65
3.50
8.0219
Mg K
1.253
22.29
0.17
11.50
71.7589
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
84
4. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 8800C dengan 3 spot
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
13500
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
002
Acquisition Parameter
12000
Instrument
MgKa
10500
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
9000
7500
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
6000
PHA mode
: T3
4500
Real Time
: 41.79 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 27 %
3000
OKa
Counts
Instrument
1500
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
keV
Counting Rate: 6274 cps
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3919
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
4.96
1.69
7.35
4.3808
Mg K
1.253
95.04
0.70
92.65
95.6192
Total
JED-2300
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
85
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
002
13500
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
MgKa
Instrument
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
9000
Counts
:
Acquisition Parameter
12000
10500
Instrument
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
7500
6000
4500
OKa
3000
1500
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 41.79 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 27 %
Counting Rate: 6274 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
Energy Range :
21.00
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3919
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
4.96
1.69
7.35
4.3808
Mg K
1.253
95.04
0.70
92.65
95.6192
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
86
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
12000
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
003
Acquisition Parameter
Instrument
MgKa
10500
9000
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
6000
PHA mode
: T3
4500
Real Time
: 41.92 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 28 %
3000
1500
OKa
7500
BKa
Counts
Instrument
Counting Rate: 6379 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3853
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K
0.183
62.50
0.99
77.85
10.3711
O K
0.525
4.77
0.89
4.02
6.8901
Mg K
1.253
32.73
0.24
18.13
82.7388
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
87
LAMPIRAN 5
HASIL CRYOGENIC MAGNET – KALEIDAGRAPH
1. Hasil Cryogenic Magnet Sampel MgB2 Komersil Tanpa Pemanasan
2. Hasil Cryogenic Magnet Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 4000C
Universitas Sumatera Utara
88
3. Hasil Cryogenic Magnet Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 8800C
4. Gabungan Hasil Karakterisasi Cryogenic Magnet pada Sampel MgB2
Komersil
MgB2 tanpa pemanasan
MgB2 880C
MgB2 400C
1.2
1
Resistivity
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Temperature (K)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
GAMBAR BAHAN DAN ALAT PENELITIAN
1.
Bahan Penelitian
Serbuk MgB2 Komersil
Sampel dalam Tube
Sampel siap untuk diuji
Preparasi sampel uji Cryogenic
Preparasi sampel uji SEM
Preparasi sampel uji XRD
Universitas Sumatera Utara
60
2.
Alat Penelitian
Neraca Digital Kern EW 220-
Spatula
3NM
SS304 Tube
Jangka Sorong
Alat pemotong SS304 Tube
Mesin Grenda Konvensional
Universitas Sumatera Utara
61
Mesin Press Hidrolik
Muffle Furnace
Alat uji DTA/TGA
Auto Fine Coater
Alat uji SEM-EDS
Alat uji XRD
Universitas Sumatera Utara
62
Cryogenic Magnet
Circulatiom Pump
Compressor gas Helium
Temperature and Magnet Controller
Kertas Timbang
Alkohol
Universitas Sumatera Utara
63
Masker
Tissue
Universitas Sumatera Utara
64
LAMPIRAN 2
HASIL DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS
Universitas Sumatera Utara
65
Universitas Sumatera Utara
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Coefficient
Temperatur 0C)
Rel. mass change (%)
Heat flow (Mw)
40
1.4770
-1.6895
50
1.8393
-0.5566
60
2.1077
0.5667
70
2.2806
1.4860
80
2.3614
2.5153
90
2.2805
3.6522
100
1.6317
5.0779
110
1.9218
6.3887
120
1.9044
7.4662
130
1.7752
8.8301
140
1.8608
10.0585
150
1.7095
11.0338
160
1.7809
12.2108
170
1.8939
13.1219
180
2.0385
13.8059
190
1.9805
14.3299
200
2.1959
14.7144
210
2.0548
14.8797
220
2.2430
15.4169
230
2.3178
16.1119
240
2.2784
16.5881
250
2.4240
16.9586
260
2.5986
17.6185
270
2.5807
17.9631
280
2.6452
18.8508
290
2.6787
19.5533
300
2.9619
21.0117
310
2.7525
21.8036
320
3.0309
23.1975
330
3.0588
24.6968
Universitas Sumatera Utara
67
340
3.0209
26.0184
350
3.0786
27.2933
360
3.0283
28.8938
370
3.0831
30.2873
380
3.0071
31.8247
390
3.1327
33.3545
400
3.2092
34.8348
410
3.1398
36.2978
420
3.3989
37.5204
430
3.2024
38.5090
440
3.4897
39.7111
450
3.3208
40.4935
460
3.4941
41.0530
470
3.5312
41.8646
480
3.8039
42.6736
490
3.7600
43.1559
500
3.7313
43.2322
510
3.8353
42.9747
520
3.7573
42.8942
530
3.9604
43.0470
540
4.1583
42.7631
550
3.9751
42.1667
560
4.3172
42.0288
570
4.4968
41.4787
580
4.3763
41.2319
590
4.6096
40.2213
600
4.6227
39.4112
610
4.8626
38.8176
620
4.9512
37.7002
630
5.0216
36.7547
640
5.1939
35.3661
650
5.3296
34.5894
Universitas Sumatera Utara
68
660
5.6535
33.4306
670
5.8574
32.8004
680
6.0579
32.3899
690
6.4175
31.7342
700
6.6705
30.6334
710
6.8740
29.3946
720
7.3315
28.6399
730
7.8647
27.9309
740
8.1848
27.1170
750
9.0063
26.8579
760
9.6467
26.8443
770
10.3384
27.3428
780
11.2869
27.7066
790
12.1212
27.8825
800
12.9602
28.0397
810
14.2119
27.8019
820
15.2567
27.2207
830
16.4746
25.8721
840
17.7224
24.2014
850
18.8497
22.0245
860
19.8812
19.1937
870
21.0250
17.1923
880
22.2482
16.9149
890
23.3280
18.2395
900
24.4826
22.4316
910
25.7979
27.3652
920
27.0660
30.8920
930
28.4397
34.2750
940
29.8792
37.8309
950
31.0229
43.0673
960
32.5844
48.7970
970
33.9044
54.8659
Universitas Sumatera Utara
69
980
35.3592
60.8807
990
36.7630
67.6390
1000
38.3097
74.0435
1010
39.7312
77.5121
1020
41.3296
78.0544
1030
42.8376
77.2370
1040
44.3071
76.4849
1050
45.9954
76.0177
1060
47.3504
74.9828
1070
48.9722
73.9994
1080
50.4446
73.4988
1090
52.1065
72.5987
1100
53.7226
72.1208
1110
55.0668
70.7375
1120
56.8689
69.7677
1130
58.5210
68.7437
1140
60.0677
67.0920
1150
61.7661
66.1807
1160
63.4522
65.1780
1170
65.0653
64.2197
1180
66.5990
62.9771
1190
68.2836
61.7278
Universitas Sumatera Utara
70
LAMPIRAN 3
HASIL XRD MATCH DAN PERHITUNGAN KRISTALIN
1. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Tanpa Pemanasan
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height
[cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing
[Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
Phase
Name
25.4866
798.27
0.1535
3.49499
3.38
33.7178
7523.79
0.1791
2.65826
31.85
MgB2
35.7504
641.83
0.1279
2.51165
2.72
MgB4
38.9227
255.11
0.1791
2.31394
1.08
39.9934
81.72
0.3070
2.25443
0.35
41.0004
120.27
0.5117
2.20135
0.51
42.6215
23619.91
0.2558
2.12130
100.00
MgB2
43.1098
1578.45
0.1791
2.09840
6.68
MgO
Universitas Sumatera Utara
71
46.2954
185.32
0.2047
1.96116
0.78
48.0868
57.65
0.3070
1.89220
0.24
48.9839
95.99
0.2558
1.85963
0.41
52.0839
2647.43
0.1791
1.75600
11.21
56.3140
70.57
0.3070
1.63372
0.30
60.0676
4513.92
0.1560
1.53902
19.11
60.2574
2462.71
0.1248
1.53844
10.43
62.4500
475.09
0.2184
1.48592
2.01
63.3925
1406.49
0.2496
1.46607
5.95
66.2126
588.28
0.1872
1.41030
2.49
70.5719
510.12
0.2496
1.33349
2.16
76.2797
1919.57
0.2184
1.24728
8.13
76.5509
1021.53
0.1248
1.24662
4.32
78.7371
113.75
0.1872
1.21440
0.48
MgB2
Universitas Sumatera Utara
72
2. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 4000C
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height
[cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
25.2310
32.43
0.1574
3.52982
3.66
33.4895
290.41
0.0886
2.67585
32.75
MgB2
35.5281
34.81
0.1574
2.52685
3.93
MgB4
38.7698
14.14
0.2362
2.32271
1.59
42.4181
886.80
0.0689
2.13101
100.00
MgB2
42.8937
81.55
0.1968
2.10847
9.20
MgO
51.8420
93.60
0.2755
1.76363
10.55
Phase
Name
Universitas Sumatera Utara
73
59.8789
150.29
0.1378
1.54470
16.95
62.2850
30.02
0.2362
1.49069
3.39
63.2185
44.94
0.3542
1.47091
5.07
66.0305
16.85
0.3149
1.41492
1.90
70.4418
13.26
0.3149
1.33674
1.49
76.0790
55.32
0.1574
1.25111
6.24
83.1950
50.87
0.4723
1.16124
5.74
MgB2
3. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 7500C
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height
[cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing [Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
25.2959
50.79
0.1771
3.52090
3.06
33.5129
526.96
0.1574
2.67404
31.74
MgB2
35.5313
53.26
0.1968
2.52663
3.21
MgB4
Phase
Name
Universitas Sumatera Utara
74
36.8866
8.55
0.4723
2.43685
0.51
38.1040
11.65
0.2362
2.36175
0.70
38.7359
20.29
0.1968
2.32467
1.22
42.4337
1660.40
0.1968
2.13025
100.00
MgB2
42.9346
140.83
0.1574
2.10656
8.48
MgO
46.0396
7.39
0.4723
1.97146
0.45
51.8668
187.67
0.1574
1.76284
11.30
59.8781
271.15
0.1181
1.54472
16.33
62.2559
56.73
0.1181
1.49132
3.42
63.1817
95.61
0.2755
1.47167
5.76
66.0485
42.13
0.1968
1.41458
2.54
70.4348
31.84
0.3936
1.33685
1.92
76.1027
111.98
0.1968
1.25078
6.74
78.7017
8.82
0.3936
1.21586
0.53
83.1608
118.26
0.1574
1.16163
7.12
MgB2
4. Hasil XRD Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 8800C
Universitas Sumatera Utara
75
Puncak-puncak difraksi sinar-X
Pos.
[°2Th.]
Height [cts]
FWHM Left
[°2Th.]
d-spacing
[Å]
Rel. Int.
[%]
25.2412
52.37
0.1968
3.52841
3.38
28.8328
6.44
0.4723
3.09655
0.42
33.4823
487.53
0.1181
2.67641
31.51
MgB2
35.4849
116.46
0.1378
2.52983
7.53
MgB4
36.8883
18.92
0.3149
2.43674
1.22
38.1059
18.74
0.2362
2.36164
1.21
38.8120
53.22
0.1574
2.32028
3.44
39.7307
18.23
0.2362
2.26872
1.18
41.0092
34.61
0.5510
2.20090
2.24
42.4264
1547.38
0.0689
2.13061
100.00
MgB2
42.9100
174.67
0.1968
2.10771
11.29
MgO
44.9535
13.86
0.3936
2.01653
0.90
46.0424
27.23
0.2362
1.97134
1.76
48.6929
12.80
0.3149
1.87006
0.83
49.5019
12.40
0.2362
1.84137
0.80
51.8238
151.79
0.1378
1.76420
9.81
56.2305
10.44
0.3149
1.63595
0.67
59.8658
265.17
0.1181
1.54501
17.14
62.2628
61.26
0.2755
1.49117
3.96
63.1625
84.14
0.3149
1.47208
5.44
66.0189
34.36
0.1968
1.41514
2.22
70.4334
28.77
0.3149
1.33688
1.86
76.1328
113.31
0.1574
1.25036
7.32
Phase
Name
MgB2
Universitas Sumatera Utara
76
78.5692
11.62
0.4723
1.21758
0.75
83.1343
106.58
0.2755
1.16193
6.89
5. Gabungan Hasil Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction MgB2 Komersil Dengan
Pemanasan
MgB2 400C
Mgb2 750C
Mgb2 880C
Intensitas (arbitrary unit (a.u))
Keterangan :
MgB2
MgB4
MgO
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Sudut 2-theta
Universitas Sumatera Utara
77
LAMPIRAN 4
HASIL SEM – EDS SAMPEL MgB2 KOMERSIL
1. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Tanpa Pemanasan (Perbesaran
500x dan 1000x)
8000
001
Acquisition Parameter
7200
Instrument
MgKa
6400
Acc. Voltage : 15.0 kV
5600
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
4000
PHA mode
: T3
3200
Real Time
: 37.96 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 20 %
2400
1600
OKa
4800
BKa
Counts
: 6390(LA)
800
Counting Rate: 4344 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3750
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K*
0.183
34.26
0.58
51.40
3.1942
O K
0.525
13.71
0.59
13.90
18.5034
Mg K
1.253
52.02
0.33
34.70
78.3023
Total
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
JED-2300 AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
78
2. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 4000C dengan 3 spot
Title
: IMG2
--------------------------Instrument
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
001
3600
Acquisition Parameter
3200
Instrument
MgKa
2800
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
2000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 34.48 sec
800
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
400
Dead Time
: 13 %
1600
OKa
Counts
2400
1200
Counting Rate: 2255 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
keV
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.4538
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
29.39
0.85
38.74
35.6944
Mg K
1.253
70.61
0.54
61.26
64.3056
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
79
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
2700
Instrument
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
002
Acquisition Parameter
2400
Instrument
MgKa
2100
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
1500
900
OKa
Counts
1800
1200
: 6390(LA)
600
300
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 34.12 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 12 %
Counting Rate: 2122 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.4594
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
36.03
0.67
46.12
45.7623
Mg K
1.253
63.97
0.48
53.88
54.2377
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
80
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
4500
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
003
Acquisition Parameter
4000
Instrument
MgKa
3500
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
3000
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
2500
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 35.17 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 14 %
2000
OKa
Counts
Instrument
1500
1000
500
Counting Rate: 2578 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00 Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3961
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
31.04
0.73
40.61
38.1807
Mg K
1.253
68.96
0.47
59.39
61.8193
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
81
3. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 7500C dengan 3 spot
Title
: IMG2
--------------------------:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
001
10500
Acquisition Parameter
Instrument
MgKa
9000
7500
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
6000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 40.65 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 26 %
4500
OKa
Counts
Instrument
BKa
3000
1500
Counting Rate: 5562 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00 Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3925
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K
0.183
66.88
0.71
80.71
14.3114
O K
0.525
5.44
0.74
4.43
8.6595
Mg K
1.253
27.69
0.20
14.86
77.0291
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
82
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
9000
Instrument
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
002
Acquisition Parameter
8000
Instrument
MgKa
7000
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Counts
6000
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
5000
4000
2000
OKa
3000
1000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 38.57 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 22 %
Counting Rate: 4629 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3973
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
6.02
1.65
8.87
5.4109
Mg K
1.253
93.98
0.70
91.13
94.5891
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
83
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
9000
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
MgKa
Instrument
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
6000
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
5000
OKa
4000
BKa
Counts
Volt
Acquisition Parameter
7000
2000
:
003
8000
3000
Instrument
1000
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 39.03 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 23 %
Counting Rate: 4824 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.4078
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K
0.183
73.25
0.55
85.00
20.2192
O K
0.525
4.46
0.65
3.50
8.0219
Mg K
1.253
22.29
0.17
11.50
71.7589
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
84
4. Hasil SEM-EDS Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 8800C dengan 3 spot
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
13500
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
002
Acquisition Parameter
12000
Instrument
MgKa
10500
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
9000
7500
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
6000
PHA mode
: T3
4500
Real Time
: 41.79 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 27 %
3000
OKa
Counts
Instrument
1500
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
keV
Counting Rate: 6274 cps
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3919
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
4.96
1.69
7.35
4.3808
Mg K
1.253
95.04
0.70
92.65
95.6192
Total
JED-2300
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
85
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
002
13500
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
MgKa
Instrument
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
9000
Counts
:
Acquisition Parameter
12000
10500
Instrument
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
7500
6000
4500
OKa
3000
1500
PHA mode
: T3
Real Time
: 41.79 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 27 %
Counting Rate: 6274 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
Energy Range :
21.00
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3919
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
O K
0.525
4.96
1.69
7.35
4.3808
Mg K
1.253
95.04
0.70
92.65
95.6192
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
86
Title
: IMG2
---------------------------
12000
:
Volt
: 20,00 kV
Mag.
: x 3,000
Date
: 2017/03/14
Pixel
: 640 x 480
003
Acquisition Parameter
Instrument
MgKa
10500
9000
: 6390(LA)
Acc. Voltage : 20.0 kV
Probe Current: 1.00000 nA
6000
PHA mode
: T3
4500
Real Time
: 41.92 sec
Live Time
: 30.00 sec
Dead Time
: 28 %
3000
1500
OKa
7500
BKa
Counts
Instrument
Counting Rate: 6379 cps
0
0.00
3.00
6.00
9.00
12.00
15.00
18.00
21.00
Energy Range :
0 - 20 keV
keV
ZAF Method Standardless Quantitative Analysis
Fitting Coefficient : 0.3853
Element
(keV)
Mass%
Error%
Atom%
B K
0.183
62.50
0.99
77.85
10.3711
O K
0.525
4.77
0.89
4.02
6.8901
Mg K
1.253
32.73
0.24
18.13
82.7388
Total
JED-2300
100.00
Compound
Mass%
Cation
K
100.00
AnalysisStation
Universitas Sumatera Utara
87
LAMPIRAN 5
HASIL CRYOGENIC MAGNET – KALEIDAGRAPH
1. Hasil Cryogenic Magnet Sampel MgB2 Komersil Tanpa Pemanasan
2. Hasil Cryogenic Magnet Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 4000C
Universitas Sumatera Utara
88
3. Hasil Cryogenic Magnet Sampel MgB2 Komersil Pemanasan 8800C
4. Gabungan Hasil Karakterisasi Cryogenic Magnet pada Sampel MgB2
Komersil
MgB2 tanpa pemanasan
MgB2 880C
MgB2 400C
1.2
1
Resistivity
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Temperature (K)
Universitas Sumatera Utara