An 16 Cooperation with ASEAN Dialogue Partners Malaysia
AG ENDA ITEM 6
REVIEW O N THE EXISTING INTERNATIO NAL AND REG IO NAL STANDARDS,
TEC HNIC AL REG ULATIO NS AND C O NFO RMITY ASSESSMENT PRO C EDURES FO R
THE WO O D BASED PRO DUC TS
MALAYSIA’S PRO PO SAL
REVISIO N O F EN 636, THE EURO PEAN STANDARD FO R PLYWO O D
– IM PLIC A TIO N TO THE PLYW O O D INDUSTRY IN A SEA N
1.
BAC KG RO UND
The Euro p e a n C o mmite e fo r Sta nd a rd isa tio n (C EN) is lo o king into the re visio n o f EN
This Sta nd a rd c o ve rs a ll fo rms o f p lywo o d
inc lud ing utility a nd struc tura l p lywo o d . Up to no w, the sta nd a rd d o e s no t inc lud e
a ny sp e c ific a tio ns o n the b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility o f the timb e rs use d in the c o nstruc tio n
o f the p lywo o d . Ho we ve r, und e r the p ro p o se d re visio n, a n a d d itio na l Ap p e nd ix,
whic h d e a ls with the b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility o f the timb e r use d ha ve b e e n p ro p o se d .
636:2003 ‘Plywo o d- Spe c ific a tio ns’ .
The a rg ume nt is tha t ASEAN, p a rtic ula rly Ma la ysia n p lywo o d a re no rma lly ma d e fro m
a mixture o f sp e c ie s a nd tha t ve ry little kno wn a b o ut the d ura b ility o f the se sp e c ie s
use d , a nd the re fo re , the c a utio us a p p ro a c h wo uld b e to lump a ll Ma la ysia n p lywo o d
in C la ss 5. The p rinc ip le use d se e ms to b e tha t the d ura b ility o f untre a te d p lywo o d
will b e g o ve rne d b y the le a st d ura b le sp e c ie s.
The d ra ft ha s c la ssifie d Me ra nti o r Sho re a sp p . (kno wn a s La ua n in the Philip p ine s) into
Dura b ility C la ss 5, whic h is the lo we st c la ss a va ila b le .
A ma jo rity o f the p lywo o d ma nufa c ture d in Ma la ysia fa ll into the utility p lywo o d .
Pe rha p s it is the sa me c a se in Ind o ne sia . In its p ro d uc tio n, the p lywo o d is ma d e fro m
a mixture o f sp e c ie s, the q ua lifying c rite ria b e ing pe e la b ility a nd g lue a b ility, a nd no
c o nside ra tio n b e ing ma d e fo r ne ithe r dura b ility no r stre ng th. In o the r wo rd s, the
d ura b ility a nd stre ng th o f Me ra nti p lywo o d c a nno t b e g ua ra nte e d , a s the y a re no t
c o nsiste nt, va rying d e p e nd ing o n the sp e c ie s use d . This situa tio n is q uite a c c e p ta b le
a s the utility p lywo o d is no rma lly use d fo r no n-struc tura l p urp o se s, whe re stre ng th is
no t re q uire d a nd the d ura b ility o f the timb e rs use d d o e s no t ma tte r.
The mo re imp o rta nt fa c to r is the p e rfo rma nc e o f the g lue line s, a nd this is ta ke n c a re
o f b y the c ho ic e o f a p p ro p ria te g lue s, suc h a s ure a -fo rma ld e hyd e g lue s (UF),
me la mine -fo rma ld e hyd e g lue s, p he no l-fo rma ld e hyd e g lue s (PF), a nd re so rc ino l
g lue s.
2.
IMPLIC ATIO NS TO THE PLYWO O D INDUSTRY
The imp lic a tio ns to the p lywo o d ind ustry a re se rio us, whe re Ma la ysia n a nd ASEAN
p lywo o d in g e ne ra l will b e jud g e d b y the ir b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility. This me a ns tha t
unle ss me mb e r c o untrie s c o me fo rwa rd to p ro vid e re lia b le a nd trustwo rthy d a ta o n
1
the d ura b ility o f the sp e c ie s use d in the ma nufa c ture o f p lywo o d , ASEAN p lywo o d will
fo re ve r b e c la ssifie d in the lo we st c la ss. This in turn will a ffe c t the ma rke ta b ility o f
p lywo o d fro m ASEAN, vis-à -vis p lywo o d fro m c o untrie s tha t c a n p ro vid e suc h
info rma tio n. The c urre nt p ra c tic e o f mixing a ny p e e la b le sp e c ie s in the ma king o f
p lywo o d ma y ha ve to b e re vie we d . We c a n c o unte r this b y re stric ting the sp e c ie s
use d o nly to the a p p ro ve d sp e c ie s, whe re the p ro p e rtie s a re we ll kno wn to the
b uye rs.
3.
REC O MMENDATIO NS FO R AC TIO N
Re se a rc h a nd stud ie s o n d ura b ility o f ha rd wo o d timb e rs, p a rtic ula rly Me ra nti, ha ve
b e e n c a rrie d o ut. Fo r insta nc e , the Build ing Re se a rc h Esta b lishme nt (BRE) La b o ra to ry
Re p o rt p re se nte d d a ta o n the na tura l d ura b ility o f va rio us timb e r sp e c ie s d e rive d
fro m g ro und c o nta c t sta ke te sts e sta b lishe d a t two BRE fie ld site s. It wa s re p o rte d tha t
Me ra nti is c a te g o rise d und e r C la ss 2, ie ‘ Dura b le ’ . Ple a se re fe r to Anne x I.
In lig ht o f the ne w d e ve lo p me nt, whe re the ma rke t is no w lo o king c ritic a lly into the
b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility o f the sp e c ie s g o ing into the ma king o f p lywo o d , the re is a ne e d
fo r ASEAN to p o sitio n itse lf to e ffe c tive ly d e live r this info rma tio n.
In this re sp e c t, Ma la ysia wish to p ro p o se tha t the o p p o rtunitie s a va ile d thro ug h the
Pro d uc t Wo rking G ro up b e ta ke n a d va nta g e o f to d isc uss a nd ta ke c o mmo n
p o sitio n o n c urre nt sta nd a rd s b e ing d e ve lo p e d in ISO a nd / o r EN, in p a rtic ula r tho se
sta nd a rd s whic h a re like ly to ha ve imp lic a tio ns o n tra d e fo r ASEAN me mb e r
c o untrie s.
4.
AC TIO NS UNDERTA KEN BY MALAYSIA
Ma la ysia p ro p o se s to e sta b lish a ta sk fo rc e to o utline Stra te g ie s a nd Ac tio n Pla ns to
mo nito r the d e ve lo p me nt a nd to furthe r a d d re ss the issue s.
The Ma la ysia n Timb e r Ind ustry Bo a rd ha s writte n to the c o mmitte e re sp o nsib le in
d e ve lo p ing the d ra ft, ie . C ha irma n o f C EN/ TC 112 : WG 2. Ma la ysia stre sse d its
willing ne ss to p ro vid e a ny ne c e ssa ry te c hnic a l info rma tio n a nd re le va nt d a ta o n
Me ra nti, whic h ma y b e re q uire d b y the C EN, to p ut this re visio n o f EN636 into
p e rsp e c tive a nd to ha ve the situa tio n re c tifie d . Ho we ve r, Ma la ysia is ye t to re c e ive
a ny re sp o nse fro m the C EN se c re ta ria t.
Ma la ysia urg e s o the r ASEAN c o untrie s to sup p o rt this p ro p o sa l a s Me ra nti (a lso kno wn
a s La ua n) is a c o mmo n sp e c ie s a va ila b le in this re g io n. Any e ffo rt to c la ssify p lywo o d
p ro d uc e d fro m this sp e c ie s into C la ss 5 will e ve ntua lly a ffe c t the e xp o rt va lue o f o ur
p lywo o d in the Euro p e a n ma rke t.
Fdisc / Co untry Re p o rt 4thACCSQ(RI)
2
Anne x I
Exc e rpts fro m
*The Bio lo g ic a l Na tura l Dura b ility o f Tim b e r in G ro und C o nta c t
G A Sm ith a nd RJ O rsle r
DURABILITY C LASSES FO R MERANTI RED (Sho re a da sp hylla ) FRO M MEAN, MEDIAN AND LO WER Q UARTILE LIVES
TIMBER
MERANTI RED
Sho re a da sp ylla
O RIG IN
We st
Ma la ysia
NUMBER
STAKES
FAILED
MEAN LIFE
(YEARS)
13/ 13
16.1
MEDIAN
LIFE
(YEARS)
LO WER
Q UARTILE
(YEARS)
15.9
nd
*NATURAL DURABILITY
C LASS BASED O N
Me a n
Me dia n
Q ua rtile
2
2
nd
*Na tura l Dura b ility C la ssific a tio n (BRE Dig e st 296)
Na tura l dura b ility
c la ssific a tio n (BRE Dig e st
296)
Ve ry d ura b le
Dura b le
Mo d e ra te ly d ura b le
No n-d ura b le
Pe risha b le
Me a n Life (Ye a rs)
C la ss
Me a n life o f te st sta ke s
re la tive to the m o re
dura b le c o ntro l sta ke s
> 25 ye a rs
15.1 – 25 ye a rs
10.1 – 15 ye a rs
5.1 – 10 ye a rs
Up to 5 ye a rs
1
2
3
4
5
> 4 time s
> 3 < 4 time s
> 2 < 3 time s
1 < 2 time s
< 1 time
*Build ing Re se a rc h Esta b lishme nt La b o ra to ry Re p o rt, 1996
3
De sc riptio n
(EN 350- 1)
Ve ry d ura b le
Dura b le
Mo d e ra te ly d ura b le
Slig htly d ura b le
No t d ura b le
REVIEW O N THE EXISTING INTERNATIO NAL AND REG IO NAL STANDARDS,
TEC HNIC AL REG ULATIO NS AND C O NFO RMITY ASSESSMENT PRO C EDURES FO R
THE WO O D BASED PRO DUC TS
MALAYSIA’S PRO PO SAL
REVISIO N O F EN 636, THE EURO PEAN STANDARD FO R PLYWO O D
– IM PLIC A TIO N TO THE PLYW O O D INDUSTRY IN A SEA N
1.
BAC KG RO UND
The Euro p e a n C o mmite e fo r Sta nd a rd isa tio n (C EN) is lo o king into the re visio n o f EN
This Sta nd a rd c o ve rs a ll fo rms o f p lywo o d
inc lud ing utility a nd struc tura l p lywo o d . Up to no w, the sta nd a rd d o e s no t inc lud e
a ny sp e c ific a tio ns o n the b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility o f the timb e rs use d in the c o nstruc tio n
o f the p lywo o d . Ho we ve r, und e r the p ro p o se d re visio n, a n a d d itio na l Ap p e nd ix,
whic h d e a ls with the b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility o f the timb e r use d ha ve b e e n p ro p o se d .
636:2003 ‘Plywo o d- Spe c ific a tio ns’ .
The a rg ume nt is tha t ASEAN, p a rtic ula rly Ma la ysia n p lywo o d a re no rma lly ma d e fro m
a mixture o f sp e c ie s a nd tha t ve ry little kno wn a b o ut the d ura b ility o f the se sp e c ie s
use d , a nd the re fo re , the c a utio us a p p ro a c h wo uld b e to lump a ll Ma la ysia n p lywo o d
in C la ss 5. The p rinc ip le use d se e ms to b e tha t the d ura b ility o f untre a te d p lywo o d
will b e g o ve rne d b y the le a st d ura b le sp e c ie s.
The d ra ft ha s c la ssifie d Me ra nti o r Sho re a sp p . (kno wn a s La ua n in the Philip p ine s) into
Dura b ility C la ss 5, whic h is the lo we st c la ss a va ila b le .
A ma jo rity o f the p lywo o d ma nufa c ture d in Ma la ysia fa ll into the utility p lywo o d .
Pe rha p s it is the sa me c a se in Ind o ne sia . In its p ro d uc tio n, the p lywo o d is ma d e fro m
a mixture o f sp e c ie s, the q ua lifying c rite ria b e ing pe e la b ility a nd g lue a b ility, a nd no
c o nside ra tio n b e ing ma d e fo r ne ithe r dura b ility no r stre ng th. In o the r wo rd s, the
d ura b ility a nd stre ng th o f Me ra nti p lywo o d c a nno t b e g ua ra nte e d , a s the y a re no t
c o nsiste nt, va rying d e p e nd ing o n the sp e c ie s use d . This situa tio n is q uite a c c e p ta b le
a s the utility p lywo o d is no rma lly use d fo r no n-struc tura l p urp o se s, whe re stre ng th is
no t re q uire d a nd the d ura b ility o f the timb e rs use d d o e s no t ma tte r.
The mo re imp o rta nt fa c to r is the p e rfo rma nc e o f the g lue line s, a nd this is ta ke n c a re
o f b y the c ho ic e o f a p p ro p ria te g lue s, suc h a s ure a -fo rma ld e hyd e g lue s (UF),
me la mine -fo rma ld e hyd e g lue s, p he no l-fo rma ld e hyd e g lue s (PF), a nd re so rc ino l
g lue s.
2.
IMPLIC ATIO NS TO THE PLYWO O D INDUSTRY
The imp lic a tio ns to the p lywo o d ind ustry a re se rio us, whe re Ma la ysia n a nd ASEAN
p lywo o d in g e ne ra l will b e jud g e d b y the ir b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility. This me a ns tha t
unle ss me mb e r c o untrie s c o me fo rwa rd to p ro vid e re lia b le a nd trustwo rthy d a ta o n
1
the d ura b ility o f the sp e c ie s use d in the ma nufa c ture o f p lywo o d , ASEAN p lywo o d will
fo re ve r b e c la ssifie d in the lo we st c la ss. This in turn will a ffe c t the ma rke ta b ility o f
p lywo o d fro m ASEAN, vis-à -vis p lywo o d fro m c o untrie s tha t c a n p ro vid e suc h
info rma tio n. The c urre nt p ra c tic e o f mixing a ny p e e la b le sp e c ie s in the ma king o f
p lywo o d ma y ha ve to b e re vie we d . We c a n c o unte r this b y re stric ting the sp e c ie s
use d o nly to the a p p ro ve d sp e c ie s, whe re the p ro p e rtie s a re we ll kno wn to the
b uye rs.
3.
REC O MMENDATIO NS FO R AC TIO N
Re se a rc h a nd stud ie s o n d ura b ility o f ha rd wo o d timb e rs, p a rtic ula rly Me ra nti, ha ve
b e e n c a rrie d o ut. Fo r insta nc e , the Build ing Re se a rc h Esta b lishme nt (BRE) La b o ra to ry
Re p o rt p re se nte d d a ta o n the na tura l d ura b ility o f va rio us timb e r sp e c ie s d e rive d
fro m g ro und c o nta c t sta ke te sts e sta b lishe d a t two BRE fie ld site s. It wa s re p o rte d tha t
Me ra nti is c a te g o rise d und e r C la ss 2, ie ‘ Dura b le ’ . Ple a se re fe r to Anne x I.
In lig ht o f the ne w d e ve lo p me nt, whe re the ma rke t is no w lo o king c ritic a lly into the
b io lo g ic a l d ura b ility o f the sp e c ie s g o ing into the ma king o f p lywo o d , the re is a ne e d
fo r ASEAN to p o sitio n itse lf to e ffe c tive ly d e live r this info rma tio n.
In this re sp e c t, Ma la ysia wish to p ro p o se tha t the o p p o rtunitie s a va ile d thro ug h the
Pro d uc t Wo rking G ro up b e ta ke n a d va nta g e o f to d isc uss a nd ta ke c o mmo n
p o sitio n o n c urre nt sta nd a rd s b e ing d e ve lo p e d in ISO a nd / o r EN, in p a rtic ula r tho se
sta nd a rd s whic h a re like ly to ha ve imp lic a tio ns o n tra d e fo r ASEAN me mb e r
c o untrie s.
4.
AC TIO NS UNDERTA KEN BY MALAYSIA
Ma la ysia p ro p o se s to e sta b lish a ta sk fo rc e to o utline Stra te g ie s a nd Ac tio n Pla ns to
mo nito r the d e ve lo p me nt a nd to furthe r a d d re ss the issue s.
The Ma la ysia n Timb e r Ind ustry Bo a rd ha s writte n to the c o mmitte e re sp o nsib le in
d e ve lo p ing the d ra ft, ie . C ha irma n o f C EN/ TC 112 : WG 2. Ma la ysia stre sse d its
willing ne ss to p ro vid e a ny ne c e ssa ry te c hnic a l info rma tio n a nd re le va nt d a ta o n
Me ra nti, whic h ma y b e re q uire d b y the C EN, to p ut this re visio n o f EN636 into
p e rsp e c tive a nd to ha ve the situa tio n re c tifie d . Ho we ve r, Ma la ysia is ye t to re c e ive
a ny re sp o nse fro m the C EN se c re ta ria t.
Ma la ysia urg e s o the r ASEAN c o untrie s to sup p o rt this p ro p o sa l a s Me ra nti (a lso kno wn
a s La ua n) is a c o mmo n sp e c ie s a va ila b le in this re g io n. Any e ffo rt to c la ssify p lywo o d
p ro d uc e d fro m this sp e c ie s into C la ss 5 will e ve ntua lly a ffe c t the e xp o rt va lue o f o ur
p lywo o d in the Euro p e a n ma rke t.
Fdisc / Co untry Re p o rt 4thACCSQ(RI)
2
Anne x I
Exc e rpts fro m
*The Bio lo g ic a l Na tura l Dura b ility o f Tim b e r in G ro und C o nta c t
G A Sm ith a nd RJ O rsle r
DURABILITY C LASSES FO R MERANTI RED (Sho re a da sp hylla ) FRO M MEAN, MEDIAN AND LO WER Q UARTILE LIVES
TIMBER
MERANTI RED
Sho re a da sp ylla
O RIG IN
We st
Ma la ysia
NUMBER
STAKES
FAILED
MEAN LIFE
(YEARS)
13/ 13
16.1
MEDIAN
LIFE
(YEARS)
LO WER
Q UARTILE
(YEARS)
15.9
nd
*NATURAL DURABILITY
C LASS BASED O N
Me a n
Me dia n
Q ua rtile
2
2
nd
*Na tura l Dura b ility C la ssific a tio n (BRE Dig e st 296)
Na tura l dura b ility
c la ssific a tio n (BRE Dig e st
296)
Ve ry d ura b le
Dura b le
Mo d e ra te ly d ura b le
No n-d ura b le
Pe risha b le
Me a n Life (Ye a rs)
C la ss
Me a n life o f te st sta ke s
re la tive to the m o re
dura b le c o ntro l sta ke s
> 25 ye a rs
15.1 – 25 ye a rs
10.1 – 15 ye a rs
5.1 – 10 ye a rs
Up to 5 ye a rs
1
2
3
4
5
> 4 time s
> 3 < 4 time s
> 2 < 3 time s
1 < 2 time s
< 1 time
*Build ing Re se a rc h Esta b lishme nt La b o ra to ry Re p o rt, 1996
3
De sc riptio n
(EN 350- 1)
Ve ry d ura b le
Dura b le
Mo d e ra te ly d ura b le
Slig htly d ura b le
No t d ura b le