A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL CARICATURECOLLECTED A Semiotic Analysis of Political Caricature Collected by Gatot Eko Cahyono.
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS
A
OF POLITICAL CARIC
ICATURE
COLLEC
ECTED BY GATOT EKO CAHYON
NO
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted
ted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requiremen
ents
for
or Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
SABAR NARIMO
A 320080021
SCHOOL OF
F TEACHER
T
TRAINING AND EDUC
UCATION
MUHAMMA
ADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAK
KARTA
2012
APPROVAL
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL CARICATURE
COLLECTED BY GATOT EKO CAHYONO
RESEARCH PAPER
by:
SABAR NARIMO
A320 080 021
Approved to be examined by
Consultant team
ii
ACCEPTANCE
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL CARICATURE
COLLECTED BY GATOT EKO CAHYONO
by:
SABAR NARIMO
A320 080 021
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on July, ..2012
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the
previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of a
university, nor there are opinions or masterpiece which has been written or
published by others, except those which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in literary review and bibliography. Therefore, if it
is proved that there are some untrue statements in this testimony, I will hold
fully responsible.
Surakarta, July 2012
The writer
Sabar Narimo
iv
MOTTO
v
DEDICATION
This Research Paper is dedicated to:
1. My Parents who have given me so much love, support, and care
2. My brothers
3. My friends
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahi Robbil ‘aalamin, all praise be to Allah SWT, Lord of
the world, the Most Merciful, the Most Beneficent, who bless the writer so
that he can finally accomplish writing this research paper as a partial
fulfillment of the requirements for getting Bachelor Degree of Education.
Praise to our greatest Prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companions,
and his followers. Amin.
In addition, the writer would like to say her gratitude to everyone who
has given their advices, helps, and supports in accomplishing this research
paper. Thus, the writer would like to express her great gratitude and
appreciation to:
1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si, the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Titis Setyabudi S.S. M. Hum, the Head of English Department of School
of Teacher Training and Education,
3. Drs. H, Maryadi, MA, as the first consultant, who has given guidance,
advise, help and information patiently during the arrangement of the
research paper,
vii
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi, M. Hum, as the second consultant, who has
given help, advice, correction, and guidance in accomplishing this research
paper,
5. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum, for being the third examiner,
6. Mrs. Endang Fauziati, as his former academic consultant that has given
guidance during the study,
7. His beloved parents, for the prayer, love, support, care, and all their
sacrifices,
8. All of his families, friends, and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by
one, who have support her a lot
Last but not least, the writer realizes that this research is far from being
perfect. Therefore, he would like to invite comment and suggestion to make
this research better.
Surakarta, July 2012
The Writer
Sabar Narimo
viii
ABSTRACT
Sabar Narimo. A 320080021. A Semiotic Analysis of Political Caricature
Collected by Gatot Eko Cahyono. Muhammadiyah Unversity of Surakarta.
Research Paper. 2012.
A political caricature is an illustration which is designed to communicate a social
or political message. The objectives of the study are: (1) to find the relation
between the index and the myths used in the caricature, (2) to identify the
meaning of the index used in the caricature.
The type of the study is qualitative interpretative type. The several steps are done
to analyze the data. In analyzing the relation between the index and the myths
used in the caricature, the steps are: analyzing the denotation level, analyzing the
connotation level, and analyzing the myth. In analyzing meaning, the steps are:
analyzing the signifier and analyzing the signified.
The results of the study show that: (1) there are relations between the index and
the myths used in caricature. From 15 data, there are 5 or 33, 33% the indexes are
used based on the context in what time the caricature is made, 3 or 20% are used
based on its function on daily life, 3 or 20 % are used based on the general
assumption in society. Furthermore, there are 2 or 13, 33 % the indexes are used
based on the official symbol, 1 or 6, 67% is used based on the party symbol and 1
or 6, 67 % is used based on the political terminology, (2) the meaning of the index
used to represent the reality phenomena. From 15 data, there are 6 or 40% data
referring to the political issues, 4 or 26, 67% data referring to the social issues, 3
or 20% data referring to the corruption issues, and 2 or 13, 33% data referring to
the human right issues.
Key words: Semiotics and Caricature
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE...……………………………………………………………………………………………i
APPROVAL…………………………………………...………………………………………….ii
ACCEPTANCE……………………………………………………………………………….….iii
TESTIMONY……………………………………………………………………………….……iv
MOTTO………………………………………………………………………..……………...…..v
DEDICATION…………………………………..………………………………………….……vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………...………………………………………….….vii
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………...……ix
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………………...x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….1
A. Background of the Study………………………………….…..………....…...1
B. Previous Study……….……...…………….…………………...………….….3
C. Focus of the Study...……………..…..……………………………………….4
D. Objective of the Study……..……………………….………………………...4
E. Benefit of the Study………..………………….………….………….……….4
F. Research Paper Organization……………...…....…………………………….5
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORIES…………………………………………………..6
A. Notion of Semiotics………..…..………………………...……………..…….6
B. Typology of Sign………………………..……………………………..……16
C. Notion of Context………………………………………………………..….19
D. Notion of Caricature……………………………………………………..….21
E. Understanding Reasons of the Use of the Picture…………...…………..….22
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD……………………………….…………………….24
A. Type of the Study……………………………………………………...…..24
B. Object of the Study.……………………………………………….…….....24
x
C. Data and Data Source……………………………………….……………...24
D. Technique of Data Collection ……………………...…………...…………25
E. Technique of Data Analysis……………………………………………..…25
CHAPTER VI: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION………………………………….....27
A. Data Analysis………………………..….………………………………….27
B. Discussion of the Finding……………….…………………………………74
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION……………………………………….80
A. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………80
B. Suggestion………………………………………………………………....81
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………….…………………………………………………………...……83
VIRTUAL REFERENCE..………………………………………………………………..…...84
APPENDICES………………………………………………………………………………..…85
xi
A
OF POLITICAL CARIC
ICATURE
COLLEC
ECTED BY GATOT EKO CAHYON
NO
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted
ted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requiremen
ents
for
or Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
SABAR NARIMO
A 320080021
SCHOOL OF
F TEACHER
T
TRAINING AND EDUC
UCATION
MUHAMMA
ADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAK
KARTA
2012
APPROVAL
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL CARICATURE
COLLECTED BY GATOT EKO CAHYONO
RESEARCH PAPER
by:
SABAR NARIMO
A320 080 021
Approved to be examined by
Consultant team
ii
ACCEPTANCE
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL CARICATURE
COLLECTED BY GATOT EKO CAHYONO
by:
SABAR NARIMO
A320 080 021
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on July, ..2012
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the
previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of a
university, nor there are opinions or masterpiece which has been written or
published by others, except those which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in literary review and bibliography. Therefore, if it
is proved that there are some untrue statements in this testimony, I will hold
fully responsible.
Surakarta, July 2012
The writer
Sabar Narimo
iv
MOTTO
v
DEDICATION
This Research Paper is dedicated to:
1. My Parents who have given me so much love, support, and care
2. My brothers
3. My friends
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahi Robbil ‘aalamin, all praise be to Allah SWT, Lord of
the world, the Most Merciful, the Most Beneficent, who bless the writer so
that he can finally accomplish writing this research paper as a partial
fulfillment of the requirements for getting Bachelor Degree of Education.
Praise to our greatest Prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companions,
and his followers. Amin.
In addition, the writer would like to say her gratitude to everyone who
has given their advices, helps, and supports in accomplishing this research
paper. Thus, the writer would like to express her great gratitude and
appreciation to:
1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si, the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Titis Setyabudi S.S. M. Hum, the Head of English Department of School
of Teacher Training and Education,
3. Drs. H, Maryadi, MA, as the first consultant, who has given guidance,
advise, help and information patiently during the arrangement of the
research paper,
vii
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi, M. Hum, as the second consultant, who has
given help, advice, correction, and guidance in accomplishing this research
paper,
5. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum, for being the third examiner,
6. Mrs. Endang Fauziati, as his former academic consultant that has given
guidance during the study,
7. His beloved parents, for the prayer, love, support, care, and all their
sacrifices,
8. All of his families, friends, and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by
one, who have support her a lot
Last but not least, the writer realizes that this research is far from being
perfect. Therefore, he would like to invite comment and suggestion to make
this research better.
Surakarta, July 2012
The Writer
Sabar Narimo
viii
ABSTRACT
Sabar Narimo. A 320080021. A Semiotic Analysis of Political Caricature
Collected by Gatot Eko Cahyono. Muhammadiyah Unversity of Surakarta.
Research Paper. 2012.
A political caricature is an illustration which is designed to communicate a social
or political message. The objectives of the study are: (1) to find the relation
between the index and the myths used in the caricature, (2) to identify the
meaning of the index used in the caricature.
The type of the study is qualitative interpretative type. The several steps are done
to analyze the data. In analyzing the relation between the index and the myths
used in the caricature, the steps are: analyzing the denotation level, analyzing the
connotation level, and analyzing the myth. In analyzing meaning, the steps are:
analyzing the signifier and analyzing the signified.
The results of the study show that: (1) there are relations between the index and
the myths used in caricature. From 15 data, there are 5 or 33, 33% the indexes are
used based on the context in what time the caricature is made, 3 or 20% are used
based on its function on daily life, 3 or 20 % are used based on the general
assumption in society. Furthermore, there are 2 or 13, 33 % the indexes are used
based on the official symbol, 1 or 6, 67% is used based on the party symbol and 1
or 6, 67 % is used based on the political terminology, (2) the meaning of the index
used to represent the reality phenomena. From 15 data, there are 6 or 40% data
referring to the political issues, 4 or 26, 67% data referring to the social issues, 3
or 20% data referring to the corruption issues, and 2 or 13, 33% data referring to
the human right issues.
Key words: Semiotics and Caricature
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE...……………………………………………………………………………………………i
APPROVAL…………………………………………...………………………………………….ii
ACCEPTANCE……………………………………………………………………………….….iii
TESTIMONY……………………………………………………………………………….……iv
MOTTO………………………………………………………………………..……………...…..v
DEDICATION…………………………………..………………………………………….……vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………...………………………………………….….vii
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………...……ix
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………………...x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….1
A. Background of the Study………………………………….…..………....…...1
B. Previous Study……….……...…………….…………………...………….….3
C. Focus of the Study...……………..…..……………………………………….4
D. Objective of the Study……..……………………….………………………...4
E. Benefit of the Study………..………………….………….………….……….4
F. Research Paper Organization……………...…....…………………………….5
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORIES…………………………………………………..6
A. Notion of Semiotics………..…..………………………...……………..…….6
B. Typology of Sign………………………..……………………………..……16
C. Notion of Context………………………………………………………..….19
D. Notion of Caricature……………………………………………………..….21
E. Understanding Reasons of the Use of the Picture…………...…………..….22
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD……………………………….…………………….24
A. Type of the Study……………………………………………………...…..24
B. Object of the Study.……………………………………………….…….....24
x
C. Data and Data Source……………………………………….……………...24
D. Technique of Data Collection ……………………...…………...…………25
E. Technique of Data Analysis……………………………………………..…25
CHAPTER VI: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION………………………………….....27
A. Data Analysis………………………..….………………………………….27
B. Discussion of the Finding……………….…………………………………74
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION……………………………………….80
A. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………80
B. Suggestion………………………………………………………………....81
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………….…………………………………………………………...……83
VIRTUAL REFERENCE..………………………………………………………………..…...84
APPENDICES………………………………………………………………………………..…85
xi